JP2005216532A - Power distribution unit for attachment of battery and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a power distribution circuit from a battery to an on-vehicle load in compact structure, simplify wiring, and facilitate on-vehicle work. <P>SOLUTION: A power distribution unit 12 is mounted on a battery 10 of a vehicle, and a power distribution circuit from the battery to the on-vehicle load is constituted. The power distribution unit 12 is equipped with a unit body 20 containing a circuit body forming the power distribution circuit, and connection terminal parts 68, 70 projecting from the unit body and electrically connecting the battery 10 and the circuit body by joining to battery terminals 16, 18, and the projecting direction of the connection terminal parts 68, 70 is set so that in this joining state, the unit body 20 is arranged along a battery side surface 77. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery-mounted power distribution unit that is mounted on a battery and forms a power distribution circuit from the battery to each load, and an automobile using the same.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a circuit structure that forms a power distribution circuit from a battery mounted on an automobile or the like to each in-vehicle load, an electric junction box including a bus bar substrate in which a plurality of bus bar layers are stacked via an insulating plate is well known. Yes. Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a circuit structure in which a plurality of bus bars forming the power distribution circuit and a control circuit board in which a control circuit is incorporated are bonded to each other. Is mounted, and on / off switching of energization of the power distribution circuit is performed by driving the switching element.
JP 2003-164039 A

  The electrical junction box and the circuit structure described in Patent Document 1 are generally connected to a battery via an electric wire or a wire harness. While the space in the engine room is limited, the number of in-vehicle electrical components is rapidly increasing, and thus downsizing of the in-vehicle electrical components including the battery and the circuit components is desired. In addition, wiring work such as electric wires in a narrow space in a vehicle is not always easy, so simplification of wiring and facilitating on-vehicle work are also important issues.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a means capable of constructing a power distribution circuit from a battery to a load with a compact structure and simplifying wiring and facilitating work. With the goal.

  As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a battery-mounted power distribution unit that is mounted on a battery and constitutes a power distribution circuit from the battery to a load, and includes a circuit body that forms the power distribution circuit. A main body and a connection terminal that protrudes from the unit main body and is connected to a battery terminal projecting from a specific surface of the battery to electrically connect the battery and the circuit body. Is connected to the battery terminal, the protruding direction of the connection terminal from the unit body is set so that the unit body is along the side surface adjacent to the surface of the battery where the battery terminal protrudes. It is what has been.

  According to this configuration, by connecting the connection terminal of the power distribution unit to the battery terminal, the unit body has a compact structure along the side of the battery, and the battery and the circuit body can be connected without performing wiring work. A distribution circuit from the terminal to the load can be constructed. In addition, if the power distribution unit is installed in the battery in advance, it is possible to incorporate both the battery and the power distribution circuit connected to the battery circuit into the vehicle circuit at once by simply mounting the battery on the vehicle. It becomes easy.

  In particular, it is provided with a pair of connection terminals respectively coupled to the positive battery terminal and the negative battery terminal projecting from the same surface of the battery, and these connection terminals project from the left and right ends of the unit body. The power distribution unit can be attached to the battery in a stable and balanced manner.

  In addition, if the heat sink is provided so as to be exposed on the surface of the unit main body, and a plurality of bus bars constituting the power distribution circuit are fixed to the back surface of the heat sink via an insulating layer, The heat generated in the power distribution circuit can be effectively dissipated and the unit body can be made thinner.

  In particular, the heat dissipating member is plate-shaped, and the heat dissipating member is disposed in a direction along the side surface of the battery in a state where the connection terminal is coupled to the battery terminal. If the bus bar is fixed in a state of being arranged in a direction substantially parallel to the side surface of the battery, the unit body can be further reduced in thickness.

  Furthermore, if a control circuit board in which a control circuit for controlling on / off of the power distribution circuit is incorporated is arranged in a posture substantially parallel to the bus bar, a necessary control circuit can be provided while maintaining the thin structure. Can be added.

  Furthermore, in the configuration in which the control circuit board includes the bus bar bonded to the bus bar via an insulating layer, the thickness can be further reduced.

  The heat dissipating member is provided at a position facing the side surface of the battery, and a plurality of fins project from the surface of the heat dissipating member, and the connection terminal is coupled to the battery terminal. In the structure in which a ventilation path surrounded by the battery side surface and the surface of the heat dissipation member is formed between the fins, both the battery and the heat dissipation member are simultaneously cooled by the air flowing through the ventilation path. Is possible.

  Furthermore, the cooling effect can be further enhanced by providing a blowing means for forcibly forming an air flow in the ventilation path.

  In the present invention, it is more preferable that a fuse portion that melts when an overcurrent occurs is provided between the connection terminal and the circuit body. With this configuration, the circuit body can be effectively protected from overcurrent.

  Further, a plurality of external connection portions connected to an external circuit different from the circuit body are branched from between the connection terminal and the fuse portion, and each external connection portion has a fuse different from the fuse portion. If each part is provided, power can be directly distributed from the battery to a specific external circuit without passing through the circuit body, and the external circuit is also effective from overcurrent by the fuse part. Can be protected.

  Further, according to the configuration in which the bus bar constituting the connection terminal is provided with a sensor for detecting the temperature of the bus bar, the sensor provided on the bus bar does not provide a sensor directly on the battery. The temperature can be detected in a pseudo manner, and the battery can be monitored in the power distribution unit.

  Furthermore, in the automobile of the present invention, there is little battery deterioration, it is stable for a long time, and the power distribution unit is compact, so that the engine room can be downsized.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a power distribution circuit from the battery to the load can be constructed with a compact structure along the side surface of the battery, and the wiring from the battery to the power distribution circuit can be simplified. In addition, there is an effect that it can be easily incorporated into a device or the like in an integrated state with the battery.

  A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  A power supply device BS shown in FIG. 1 includes a battery 10 mounted on a vehicle, a battery-mounted power distribution unit (hereinafter simply referred to as “power distribution unit”) 12 according to the present invention, and a cover 14 covering these. Has been.

  The battery 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in the illustrated example, and a positive battery terminal 16 and a negative battery terminal 18 project upward from left and right ends of a specific surface (upper surface 11 in the illustrated example).

  The power distribution unit 12 includes a main body case 20 constituting a housing of the unit main body, a heat radiating plate (heat radiating member) 22 attached to the main body case 20, and an external connection connector (external connection portion) 24. .

  The main body case 20 is mounted along a side surface (a side surface close to the battery terminals 16 and 18 in the illustrated example) adjacent to the upper surface 11 of the battery 10, and toward the side surface 77. It has a shape that opens. The heat radiating plate 22 is formed in a plate shape with a metal material having excellent heat conductivity such as aluminum, and is mounted so as to close the opening of the main body case 22. A circuit body as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is stored in a space surrounded by the main body case 20 and the heat radiating plate 22.

  This circuit body includes a bus bar layer 26 composed of a plurality of bus bars, a main control board 28, a LAN control board 32, a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) control board 34, a PDU preamplifier board 36, and a DC-DC converter board. 37 and a sub-control board 38.

  The bus bar layer 26 is bonded to the back surface of the heat radiating plate 22 via an insulating layer in a state where a large number of bus bars (metal plates made of a conductive material) are arranged on a plane substantially parallel to the battery side surface 77. A power distribution circuit (power circuit) from the battery 10 to each on-vehicle load is constructed together with battery terminal connection bus bars 46 and 62 described later.

  Each of the substrates 28, 32, 34, 36, 37, and 38 is a normal circuit board (for example, a printed circuit board). Of these, the main control board 28 is bonded to the surface of the bus bar 26 opposite to the surface bonded to the heat sink 22 via an insulating layer. The main control board 28 and the bus bar 26, switching elements such as an unillustrated relay switch and FET are mounted. A circuit for controlling on / off driving of the switching element is incorporated in the main control board 28.

  In addition, as a form which mounts this switching element on the said bus-bar 26 and the main control board 28, as described in the said patent document 1 (Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2003-164039), it is suitable for the said main control board 28, for example. A through hole is provided and a part of the terminal of the switching element is mounted on the appropriate bus bar 26 through the through hole, and another terminal of the switching element is directly mounted on the land on the main control board 28. You can do it.

  The LAN control board 32, the PDU control board 34, the PDU preamplifier board 36, the DC-DC converter board 37, and the sub control board 38 are overlapped on the main control board 28 with an appropriate gap therebetween. The sub-control board 38 is electrically connected to the main control board 28 via a socket 40. The sub-control board 38 is disposed in a posture substantially parallel to the control board 28 and the bus bar 26.

  Note that these substrates may be supported on the main body case 20 side, or a support member may be extended from the heat radiating plate 22 side and performed on the support member.

  The bus bar layer 26 is electrically connected to the battery 10 through battery connection bus bars 46 and 62 provided at both left and right ends thereof.

  The battery connection bus bar 46 is integrally connected to a specific bus bar 42 among the bus bars included in the bus bar layer 26 via a fuse portion 44. Further, a plurality of external connection parts 50 including a fuse part 48 different from the fuse part 44 are branched from the bus bar 46, and the terminals of the external connection electric wires 52 are connected to the branch connection parts 50, respectively. It is like that. The bus bar 46 is connected to an input / output portion of a circuit body sensor 58 provided on the circuit body side via an electric wire 54 and a connector 56, and the current flowing from the battery 10 into the circuit body by the battery sensor 58. In addition, the magnitude of the voltage and the temperature of the circuit body are detected.

  On the other hand, the battery connection bus bar 62 is integrally connected to a specific bus bar 60 among the bus bars included in the bus bar layer 26, and an earth connection portion 64 is formed in the bus bar 62. The ground connection portion 64 is connected to the vehicle body (ground) via the ground wire 66.

  Further, each battery connection bus bar 46, 62 has connection terminal portions 68, 70 extending in a direction passing through the upper side of the heat radiating plate 22 along a direction substantially orthogonal to the bus bar layer 26 and each substrate. .

  These connection terminal portions 68 and 70 protrude in the horizontal direction from the left and right end portions of the unit main body along the battery side surface 77. A through hole 72 is provided at the end of each connection terminal portion 68, 70. The positive battery terminal 16 and the negative battery terminal 18 of the battery 10 are inserted into the through hole 72 from below, respectively. By screwing a nut member (not shown) to 18, the connection terminal portions 68 and 70 are coupled to and electrically connected to the positive battery terminal 16 and the negative battery terminal 18, respectively. . Therefore, in this coupled state, the unit body including the circuit body is disposed along the battery side surface 77, and the bus bar layer 26 and the external connection electric wire 52 are connected to the positive battery terminal 16 via the battery connection bus bar 46. It is electrically connected, and the negative battery terminal 18 is connected to the body ground via the battery connection bus bar 62 and the ground wire 66.

  A plurality of fins 74 protrude from the front side surface of the heat radiating plate 22. As shown in FIG. 3A, each fin 74 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the heat radiating plate 22, and the connection terminal portions 68 and 70 are coupled to the battery terminals 16 and 18, respectively. Thus, the end surface of each fin 74 abuts on or is close to the battery side surface 77, and a ventilation path 76 surrounded by the battery side surface 77 and the surface of the heat sink 22 is formed between the fins 74. Yes.

  Further, a blower 80 is attached to one side surface of the heat radiating plate 22 via a bracket 78. The blower 80 includes a fan 82 that faces the heat radiating plate 22 and the battery 10 from the side, and the fan 82 is driven to rotate so that wind is directly supplied to the side surface of the battery 10. In addition to cooling, an air flow is forcibly formed in each ventilation path 76 so that heat generated from both the heat radiating plate 22 and the battery 10 is simultaneously dissipated.

  The specific shape of the fin 74 can be set as appropriate, and may be set to a curved shape as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the main body case 20 has a main body portion 84 for storing the circuit body, and wiring grooves 90 for wiring the external connection electric wires 52 and the ground electric wires 66 on both left and right sides thereof, The battery connection bus bars 46 and 62 have connection terminal covers 85 and 86 that cover the connection terminal parts 68 and 70 from above, respectively. The connection terminal covers 85 and 86 are provided with the battery terminals 16 and 18, respectively. A through hole 88 that can be inserted is provided at a position that matches the through hole 72 of each of the connection terminal portions 68 and 70.

  The external connection connector 24 is provided below the substrates 28, 32,..., And the housing of the connector 24 has a power terminal directly connected to the bus bar layer 26 and an FPC (flexible printed circuit). The signal terminals connected to the LAN control board 32 via the body 92 are held, and a plurality of connector insertion holes 98 as shown in FIG. 4A are provided on the bottom surface of the housing. A signal line (not shown) branches from the external connection electric wire 52, and a connector provided at the end of the signal line is connected to the FPC 92.

  By using this FPC 92, it is possible to reduce the space and improve the reliability of transmission. The FPC 92 may be pre-allocated using another flexible wiring material (for example, a flexible flat wiring material in which a plurality of flat conductors are wired in parallel), or a normal electric wire may be used. Wiring is also possible. Further, if the metal layer of the flexible wiring material such as the FPC is multi-layered, it can be made more compact. Further, the external connection connector 24 may incorporate an optical communication element or driver (amplifier).

  On the other hand, a plurality of electric wires 94 including a power supply line, a ground wire, and a signal line are led from a vehicle load (external circuit) (not shown), and a housing of a connector 96 provided at a terminal of each electric wire 94 is used for the external connection. By being inserted into the connector insertion hole 98 of the connector 24, the power line and the ground line included in each electric wire 94 are connected to the bus bar layer 26 via the power terminals of the external connection connector 24, and A signal line included in the electric wire 94 is connected to the LAN control board 32 via a signal terminal of the connector 24.

  The specific structure of the external connection connector 24 can also be set as appropriate. For example, a large number of wire connection holes 99 as shown in FIG. 4B are provided instead of the connector insertion holes 98 in FIG. Connectors provided on the external connection connector 24 and individually provided at the terminals of the power supply line, the ground line, and the signal line may be fitted into the electric wire connection holes 99.

  The cover 14 has a cap shape opened downward, and is configured to cover the battery 10 and the power distribution unit 12 from above and from the side. On the side wall of the cover 14, the notch 100 for exposing the blower 80 to the outside, and the notches 102 and 104 for leading the external connection wire 52 and the ground wire 66 to the outside of the cover 14, respectively. And an exhaust port 106 for exhausting air introduced into the cover 14 by the fan 82 of the blower 80.

  In the above configuration, when the power distribution unit 12 is attached to the battery 10, a power distribution circuit from the battery 10 to each vehicle load is constructed with a compact structure.

  Specifically, the negative battery terminal 18 is connected to the body ground via the battery connection bus bar 62 and the ground wire 66 of the power distribution unit 12, while the positive battery terminal 16 is connected to each fuse portion 48 of the battery connection bus bar 46 and While being connected to some in-vehicle loads through the external connection electric wire 52, the bus bar 46 is connected to the bus bar layer 26 through the fuse portion 44. Then, the battery power is supplied from the external connection connector 24 to an appropriate on-board load through each connector 96 and the power line of the electric wire 94 through the power circuit formed by the bus bar layer 26 and a switching element (not shown) incorporated in the power circuit. Distributed.

  On the other hand, each board included in the circuit body can perform transmission and reception with in-vehicle electrical components through the LAN control board 32, the FPC 92, the connector 96, and the signal lines of the electric wires 94.

  In the power distribution unit 12, the battery connection bus bar 46 directly connected to the positive battery terminal 16 and the circuit body for constructing the power distribution circuit are integrated. The wiring is significantly simplified and the in-vehicle work is extremely easy as compared with the circuit components that are individually mounted in the engine room or the like. In other words, if the battery 10 is installed in a suitable place in the vehicle with the power distribution unit 12 mounted on the battery 10 in advance, the power supply and the power distribution circuit connected to the power supply can be integrated into the in-vehicle circuit while omitting troublesome wiring work. Can be introduced.

  Next, an example of a vehicle power supply system constructed using a power supply device BS including the power distribution unit 12 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In addition to the power supply device BS, this system includes a driver's seat ECU (electronic control unit) 112, a passenger seat ECU 114, a rear seat ECU 116, and the power supply device BS and an engine room 120 together with the power supply device BS. Includes an engine control module 122, an EPS module 124, a lamp control module 126, and the like.

  Each of the ECUs 112, 114, and 116 is for controlling electrical components around the driver's seat, electrical components around the passenger seat, and electrical components around the rear seat, but in this embodiment, The operation signal output from the operated switch or the like is generally input to the driver's seat ECU 112.

  On the other hand, in the power supply device BS, the battery sensor 130, the fuse module 132 that distributes the output current of the battery 10 to the ECUs 112, 114, 116 and the PDU 134 in the vehicle compartment 110, the power management unit 136, and the LAN control. Part 138.

  The battery sensor 130 detects the temperature, the output current, and the output voltage of the battery 10, and can be formed, for example, by wrapping it on the surface of the battery connection bus bar 68 shown in FIG. Is possible. In this case, the temperature of the bus bar 68 is detected as a battery temperature in a pseudo manner.

  The fuse module 132 is formed by integrating the fuse portions 44 and 48 described above, but the integration is not necessarily required.

  The PDU 134 includes a power circuit formed by the bus bar layer 26, a switching element incorporated in the circuit, and a control circuit for controlling on / off of the switching element, and the circuit body shown in FIG. A sensor 58 is included.

  The power management unit 136 controls the on / off driving of each switching element so as to suppress the instantaneous maximum value of the battery output current based on the detection signals of the sensors 130 and 58, and the battery temperature becomes equal to or higher than a certain level. The fan 82 of the blower 80 is sometimes operated to cool the battery, and is mainly incorporated in the PDU control board 34 and the sub control board 38. The LAN control unit 138 collectively performs transmission and reception with the external circuits (ECUs 112, 114, 116 and modules 122, 124, 126) and is incorporated in the LAN control board 34. ing.

  According to such a power supply system, it is possible to perform appropriate power distribution collectively on the battery 10 side, reduce battery load by leveling the battery output current, and reduce the battery load using the fan 82. By cooling, it is possible to reduce the required capacity of the battery 10 to reduce its size and extend its life.

  In the present invention, it is not always necessary to provide a plurality of circuit boards. Depending on the specifications, all the necessary circuits may be concentrated on a single circuit board.

  Further, in the present invention, the unit body can be thinned by fixing the bus bar layer 26 constituting the power distribution circuit to the back surface of the heat radiating plate 22, but the specific structure of the circuit body is not limited to this, for example, the conventional structure. A bus bar substrate in which a plurality of bus bar layers are laminated via insulating plates as in the electrical junction box may be accommodated in the unit.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows an example of the power supply device containing the power distribution unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is the side view of the said power distribution unit, (b) is the front view which permeate | transmitted the case through the case from the back surface side of the heat sink. (A) is the rear view which looked at the said power distribution unit from the surface side of the heat sink, (b) is a rear view which shows the modification of the shape of the fin formed in the surface side of the said heat sink. (A) is the bottom view of the said power distribution unit, (b) is a bottom view which shows the modification of the connector for external connection provided in the power distribution unit. It is a block diagram which shows the example of the electric power feeding system of the vehicle constructed | assembled using the said power distribution unit.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Battery 11 ... Upper surface of battery 12 ... Power distribution unit 16, 18 ... Battery terminal 20 ... Main body case 22 ... Heat sink (heat radiating member)
24 ... External connection connector 26 ... Bus bar layer 28 ... Main control board 32 ... LAN control board 34 ... PDU control board 38 ... Sub control board 44, 48 ... Fuse part 46, 62 ... Battery connection bus bar 68, 70 ... Connection terminal Part 74 ... Fin 76 ... Ventilation path 80 ... Blower

Claims (12)

  A battery-mounted power distribution unit that is mounted on a battery and constitutes a power distribution circuit from the battery to a load, the unit main body including a circuit body forming the power distribution circuit, and a specific body of the battery protruding from the unit main body A connection terminal for electrically connecting the battery and the circuit body by being coupled to a battery terminal projecting from the surface, and the unit body is coupled to the battery terminal in a state where the connection terminal is coupled to the battery terminal. A battery-mounted power distribution unit, wherein a direction in which the connection terminal projects from the unit body is set along a side surface adjacent to a surface of the battery on which the battery terminal projects.   2. The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of connection terminals respectively coupled to a positive battery terminal and a negative battery terminal projecting from the same surface of the battery, and these connection terminals are connected to the left and right sides of the unit body. A battery-mounted power distribution unit that protrudes from both ends.   3. The power distribution unit for mounting a battery according to claim 1, further comprising a heat dissipating member provided so as to be exposed on a surface of the unit main body, wherein a plurality of bus bars constituting the power distribution circuit are formed on an insulating layer on a back surface of the heat dissipating member. A battery-mounted power distribution unit characterized by being fixed via   4. The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to claim 3, wherein the heat dissipating member has a plate shape, and the heat dissipating member is disposed in a direction along a side surface of the battery in a state where the connection terminal is coupled to the battery terminal. The battery mounting power distribution unit is characterized in that the bus bar is fixed to the back surface of the heat radiating member in a state of being arranged in a direction substantially parallel to the side surface of the battery.   5. The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to claim 4, wherein a control circuit board in which a control circuit for controlling on / off of the power distribution circuit is incorporated is arranged in a posture substantially parallel to the bus bar. Power distribution unit for installation.   6. The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to claim 5, wherein the control circuit board includes one bonded to the bus bar via an insulating layer.   The power distribution unit for mounting a battery according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the heat dissipating member is provided at a position facing the side surface of the battery, and a plurality of fins project from the surface of the heat dissipating member. In the state where the connection terminal is coupled to the battery terminal, a ventilation path surrounded by the battery side surface and the surface of the heat dissipation member is formed between the fins. Power distribution unit for battery installation.   8. The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to claim 7, further comprising a blowing unit that forcibly forms an air flow in the ventilation path.   The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a fuse portion that melts when an overcurrent occurs is provided between the connection terminal and the circuit body. unit.   The battery-mounted power distribution unit according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of external connection portions connected to an external circuit different from the circuit body are branched from between the connection terminals and the fuse portion, and each external connection The battery-mounted power distribution unit, wherein the fuse part is provided with a fuse part different from the fuse part.   11. The battery mounting power distribution unit according to claim 1, wherein a sensor for detecting a temperature of the bus bar is provided on the bus bar constituting the connection terminal.   The motor vehicle provided with the power distribution unit for battery mounting in any one of Claims 1-11.

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