JP2005029368A - Stock management system and stock management method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly perform stock management, order placing business, or the like in accordance with characteristics of commodities. <P>SOLUTION: An analysis/order placing system 11 analyzes actual order receiving data depending on item stored in actual order receiving results DB31 by an index R x F indicating repeating property of demand determined by final demand time R and demand frequency F and an index M determined by demand amount to classify into a first type having high demand repeating property and largest demand amount, a second type having low demand repeating property, but having large demand amount, a third type having high demand repeating property, but having small demand amount, and a fourth type having low demand repeating property and small demand amount. The analysis/order placing system 11 obtains the optimum order placing point for stock amount and places an order of predetermined amount when the number of stock stored in stock DB21 becomes below the optimum order placing point concerning the third type. With respect to items of the first type and the second type, an order for predetermined amount is placed based on a production plan. With respect to the item of the fourth type, the system responds to actual order receiving and places an order of actual order receiving amount. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an inventory management system, and more particularly to a system for obtaining an order point for an item for which order point management is determined to be optimal, and further automatically placing a necessary order.

There is a conflicting demand between production management needs and problem awareness. One is a request for improvement of cash flow and inventory risk due to inventory reduction, and the other is a request for reduction of opportunity loss due to inventory holding.
Conventionally, in order to process these requests in a well-balanced manner, human inventory / order management has been performed. However, in human inventory / order management, there is a problem that it has a high personality, and that it is difficult to perform objectively optimal management, and that costs are high.

In order to improve such problems, various proposals have been made for optimizing or automating inventory management and ordering using a computer.
For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-200682) uses a computer system to generate production instruction information based on a sales plan, ordering information, and input / output inventory information. A technology for assigning a manufacturing machine based on information and performing scheduling to make a production plan is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-282346) discloses a technique for predicting a safety stock amount in consideration of a prediction error and drafting a production plan from a prediction result of the safety stock amount.

  Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-235604) discloses a system that calculates an optimal production plan that accurately reflects the movement of a market by taking into account sales information from an agency to a retail store. To do.

Further, Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-282346) collects and stores performance data related to a plurality of processes related to a production operation, and takes production constraint information from the actual data in consideration of constraints in the production operation. Disclosed is a technique for extracting.
JP-A-7-200682 JP 2000-282346 A JP 2000-235604 A JP 2001-282346 A

  There are a wide variety of products (items) handled in corporate activities, and many are not suitable for inventory management and ordering operations using computers. However, the systems disclosed in Patent Literatures 1 to 4 automate production planning, inventory management, and the like for all commodities with a computer. For this reason, the efficiency may be lowered.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to enable inventory management, ordering work, and the like while comprehensively suppressing costs.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to appropriately carry out inventory management, ordering work, etc. in accordance with the characteristics of products.

In order to achieve the above object, an inventory management system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes:
Classifying means for classifying items into predetermined classes by analyzing actual order data by item according to final demand period, demand frequency, and demand amount,
Order point determination means for obtaining an order point or a replenishment point with respect to an inventory quantity for items belonging to the predetermined class classified by the classification means;
Inventory quantity storage means for storing the inventory quantity;
For an item belonging to the predetermined class, a predetermined process for ordering or replenishment is performed by comparing the number of stocks stored in the stock quantity storage means with the ordering point or replenishment point determined by the ordering point determination means. Order support means for
It is characterized by providing.

  For example, the classification means analyzes the actual order data for each item with an index indicating the repeatability of demand determined from the final demand period and the demand frequency and an index determined by the demand amount, and the demand repeatability is high. The first class with a large amount of demand and the repeatability of demand is low, but the second class with a large amount of demand and the third class with a high demand but a small amount of demand and the repetition of demand It is classified into four classes, the fourth class, which has low characteristics and low demand. In this case, the order point determination means obtains the optimum order point for the inventory quantity for the third class, and the order support means stores the item belonging to the third class in the inventory quantity storage means. When the number of stocks is equal to or less than the optimum order point determined by the order point determination means, a process for ordering a predetermined amount or a support process for ordering a predetermined amount is performed.

  For example, it is possible to further include means for performing processing for ordering a predetermined amount based on a production plan or support processing for ordering a predetermined amount for items classified into the first or second class.

  Further, it may be configured to further include means for performing processing for placing an order for the actual order or support processing for placing an order in response to the actual order for the item classified in the fourth class.

  The order point determination means determines an order point based on, for example, a lead time, safety factor, and order data that are preset for each item.

In order to achieve the above object, an inventory management method according to the second aspect of the present invention includes:
The computer classifies items based on actual orders, and is an inventory management method by an order point method or a replenishment point method for items belonging to a predetermined class,
The computer analyzes the actual order data for each item by the final demand period, demand frequency and demand volume, classifies the items into predetermined classes,
Based on the actual order data, the computer determines the order point or replenishment point for the inventory quantity for the items belonging to the predetermined class,
For the items belonging to the predetermined class, the number of stocks is compared with the order point or replenishment point, and a predetermined process for ordering or replenishment is performed.
It is characterized by that.

Furthermore, a computer program according to the third aspect of the present invention is:
Computer
Classifying means for classifying items into predetermined classes by analyzing actual order data by item by final demand period, demand frequency and demand volume,
Order point determination means for obtaining an order point with respect to the inventory quantity for items belonging to the predetermined class classified by the classification means,
Stock quantity storage means for storing stock quantity;
For an item belonging to the predetermined class, a predetermined process for ordering or replenishment is performed by comparing the number of stocks stored in the stock quantity storage unit with the order point or replenishment point determined by the order point determination unit. Ordering support means,
To function as.

  According to the present invention, the items are classified based on the relationship between the repeatability of the demand of the items and the demand amount, and the inventory belonging to the specific class is held by the order point method (including the replenishment point method). Therefore, it is possible to selectively carry out inventory management in the order point system for items suitable for inventory management in the inventory replenishment type, such as high repeatability of demand. For items belonging to other classes, an appropriate inventory management method can be selected as appropriate. Therefore, it is possible to have an appropriate inventory.

  Hereinafter, an ordering system according to an embodiment of the present invention and its operation will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ordering / ordering system according to this embodiment includes an analysis / ordering system 11, an inventory database (DB) 21, and an order (demand) connected to each other via a network such as an intranet IN. ) It is composed of a performance database 31 and an in-house terminal group 41 (41 _{1 to} 41 _m ).

  The analysis / ordering system 11 uses R (Recency: final demand period), F (Frequency: demand frequency), and M (Monetary: demand) for products (items (finished products, intermediate products, raw materials)) sold by this company. Based on the quantity (amount)), it is classified into one of the following four categories from the first to the fourth, and the ordering point is obtained for the product classified as the most suitable ordering point management for inventory management, Furthermore, it is a system that automatically generates necessary orders (orders).

  Here, R is based on the date on which the customer last purchased the item, and the customer who has recently purchased is considered to have a higher probability of next purchase than the customer who has purchased many years ago. It is an indicator. F is an index that is considered to be a customer with a high probability of next purchase as the purchase frequency increases, and a customer with a high F is a so-called regular customer. M is the total purchase amount of customers, and is an index that is considered to be a customer with a higher probability of next purchase as this amount increases. “Repeatability of demand” can be evaluated by R · F, and “demand amount” can be evaluated by M.

Of the four types described above, the first type is an item with high demand repeatability and a large amount of demand.
The second type is an item that has low demand repeatability but high demand.
The third category is an item with high demand repeatability but low demand.
The fourth type is an item with low repeatability of demand and low demand.

Based on the classification result, an optimal inventory strategy can be established for each item as follows.
For example, an item classified in the first category may have inventory in the prospective plan, an item classified in the second category may have inventory while paying attention to sales information, and an item classified in the third category is in stock. After that, an inventory strategy is set such that items that are replenished and are classified as category 4 must not have inventory.

  A method of evaluating “demand repeatability” with R and F and evaluating “demand amount” with M is hereinafter referred to as “RFM classifier”.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the analysis / ordering system 11 includes a communication unit 111, a storage unit 112, an input unit 113, a display unit 114, a classification DB (database) 115, and an order (ordering) DB 116. And a processing control unit 117.

  The communication unit 111 includes a communication control device and the like, and communicates with other devices via the intranet IN under the control of the processing control unit 117.

  The storage unit 112 includes a semiconductor memory, a hard disk device, and the like, stores an operation program for the processing control unit 117, and functions as a work area for the processing control unit 117.

  As the operation program stored in the storage unit 112, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), 1) RFM analysis programs P1 and 2 for executing the RFM classifier for the handling item, the inventory replenishment type by the RFM classifier Optimal ordering point specification program P2, 3) for obtaining an optimal ordering point for an item that is determined to be suitable for inventory management (a third type of item described later); an ordering point method (including a replenishment point method); Order data generation program P3, 4) which generates order data based on the optimal ordering point and actual stock of each item to be managed in the replenishment type) and writes it into the order DB 116. The plan-driven inventory management is suitable by the RFM classifier. For the items that are determined to be in order (items 1 and 2 described later), the production plan is taken in and the order plan is formulated. Plan formulation program P4, 5) Order data generation program P5, 6) which generates order data based on the established order plan and records it in the order DB 116, 6) It is appropriate to place an order corresponding to the final order by the RFM classifier. The order data generation program P6, 7 that receives the actual order and generates the order data for the item identified as (the fourth type item described later), the order data (order data) recorded in the order DB 116 There is an ordering program P7 for actually placing an order with each ordering party.

  In this specification, “ordering” not only means applying for the purchase of an item from another company, but the department in charge of selling the product of the item holds the entire inventory. -This refers to the overall procedure for securing items and their inventory according to the form of business transactions, such as requesting the department to manage to enter the department.

The input unit 113 includes a keyboard, a mouse, a tablet, and the like, and inputs various instructions and data.
The display unit 114 includes a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) device, a liquid crystal display device, and the like, and displays data.

  The classification DB 115 stores classification information (item data) having the configuration illustrated in FIG. This classification information is obtained by analyzing the order record data for each item handled by this company. Item ID (identification information), item, latest order date, number of orders received (from the previous analysis date this time The number of orders received until the date of analysis), the amount of orders received (the amount of orders received from the previous analysis date to the current analysis date; the unit may be an amount or a number), and the RFM classification (the items are classified into the first to fourth categories above) Data indicating which of the four classes is applicable). Further, for items belonging to the first to third classes, the order timing and the order quantity (unit, quantity; for example, lot number, Kg, ton) in one order are recorded. Here, for items belonging to the first class and the second class, the order timing and the order quantity based on the production plan, for example, each order date and the order quantity are recorded. For items belonging to the third category, the optimum ordering point (the number of stocks that designates placing an order when the number of stocks drops to that level) and the order quantity are recorded.

  The order DB 116 shown in FIG. 2 stores order data indicating the order quantity of the day for each item handled by this company as exemplified in FIG. Of these, the above-mentioned four categories of items belonging to the first and second categories are order data based on orders placed by prospective production, and for items belonging to the third category, the stock quantity is below the optimal order point. This is order data according to the order, and the item belonging to the fourth category is order data according to the order when the order is received.

  The processing control unit 117 shown in FIG. 2 is configured by a central processing unit (CPU) and the like, operates according to an operation program stored in the storage unit 112, and performs an RFM analysis on each item based on the sales results. Are classified into the above-mentioned first to fourth classes, and the classification result is recorded (registered) in the classification DB 115. Further, the order data according to the classification is recorded in the order DB 116, and an order is placed at each ordering party.

  The stock DB 21 is a device that stores and updates the stock quantity of products (items) sold by this company. As shown in FIG. 5A, the communication unit 211, the storage unit 212, the input unit 213, A display unit 214, an inventory information storage unit 215, and a processing control unit 216 are provided.

The communication unit 211 includes a communication control device and the like, and communicates with other devices via the intranet IN under the control of the processing control unit 216.
The storage unit 212 includes a semiconductor memory, a hard disk device, and the like, stores an operation program for the processing control unit 216, and functions as a work area for processing of the processing control unit 216.
The input unit 213 includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, and inputs instructions and data.
The display unit 214 includes a CRT device, a liquid crystal display device, and the like, and displays various data.

  The stock information storage unit 215 stores stock information indicating the number of stocks of each item handled by the company, as illustrated in FIG.

  The processing control unit 216 shown in FIG. 5A is composed of a central processing unit (CPU) and the like, operates according to the operation program stored in the storage unit 212, and stores the inventory of each item based on the warehousing information and the order information. Update quantity.

  The order record DB 31 is a device for storing and updating the order quantity of products (items) sold by this company. As shown in FIG. 6A, the communication unit 311, the storage unit 312, the input unit 313, , A display unit 314, an order information storage unit 315, and a processing control unit 316.

The communication unit 311 includes a communication control device and the like, and communicates with other devices via the intranet IN under the control of the processing control unit 316.
The storage unit 312 includes a semiconductor memory, a hard disk device, and the like, stores an operation program for the processing control unit 316, and functions as a work area for processing of the processing control unit 316.
The input unit 313 includes a keyboard and a mouse, and inputs instructions and data.

  The display unit 314 includes a CRT device, a liquid crystal display device, and the like, and displays various data.

  The order information storage unit 315 records the order record data relating to the actually ordered item having the configuration illustrated in FIG.

  The processing control unit 316 shown in FIG. 6A is composed of a central processing unit (CPU) and the like, operates according to an operation program stored in the storage unit 312, and records received order record data in the received order information storage unit 315.

In-house terminal group 41 (41 _{1 to} 41 _m ) shown in FIG. 1 is a computer terminal operated by an in-house sales representative, an inventory manager, etc. input.

Next, the operation of the ordering / ordering system configured as described above will be described.
1) Daily work: Order receiving work 1-1) When a person in charge of ordering has an ordering record, he accesses the ordering record DB 31 from his / her terminal 41 and records the order record data having the configuration shown in FIG. 6B. . The received order data is received by the processing control unit 316 via the communication unit 311 and recorded by the processing control unit 316 in the order information storage unit 315 together with the order date and time.

1-2) The terminal 41 also transmits the order record data to the analysis / ordering system 11.
The order record data is received by the process control unit 117 via the communication unit 111 and is received by the process control unit 117. The process control unit 117 refers to the classification DB 115 and determines whether or not the item (order received) related to the received order record data is an item classified as the fourth class. If the item belongs to the fourth category, the order data is recorded in the order DB 116 in the order DB 116.
On the other hand, if the item related to the received order record data (order received product) is an item classified into the first class to the third class, the inventory DB 21 is accessed, and the number of stocks of the corresponding item is decreased by the order amount. Let

  In this way, due to daily work, the order record data indicating the order record is accumulated in the order record DB 31, and the inventory number (amount) of each item at that time is stored in the inventory DB 21.

2) Daily work: warehousing work When the inventory management person receives delivery from the ordering party for the ordered item, he / she accesses the inventory DB 21 from his / her terminal 41, and receives the item ID and the number of warehousing (amount) ). The received order data is received by the processing control unit 316 via the communication unit 311 and recorded by the processing control unit 316 in the order information storage unit 315 together with the order date and time.

3) RFM analysis The processing control unit 117 of the analysis / ordering system 11 periodically performs RFM analysis, for example, once a week and in a batch process at midnight. Classify as either 4 塁.

Here, if R · F is taken on the horizontal axis and M is taken on the vertical axis, the R · F and M of the item are distributed on the three continuous curve curves C1, C2 and C3 shown in FIG. Therefore, the first curve portion C1 can be the first class or the second class, the second curve portion C2 can be the third class, and the third curve portion C3 can be the fourth class.
The boundary between the first type and the second type is determined based on, for example, a predetermined standard.

  Therefore, as a premise, the boundary between the first class and the second class is set to be X% (for example, 70%) of the first conversion point before the analysis is started.

When the process control unit 117 determines that the analysis timing has been reached by an internal timer or the like, the process control unit 117 starts the process shown in the flowchart of FIG.
That is, first, the processing control unit 117 reads the set conditions (for example, the above-described X%) and the order information recorded in the order record DB 31 (however, information from the previous analysis to the current analysis) (step S11). ).
Subsequently, the latest order date (date), the number of orders received, and the order quantity are obtained for each item based on the collected order record data (step S12).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, R · F and M of each item are plotted on a coordinate system having R · F as a horizontal axis and M as a vertical axis (step S13). That is, for each item, the shorter the period from the latest order date (date) to the analysis date, the higher the score for R, the higher the number of orders received from the previous analysis, the higher the score for F, The larger the amount, the higher the score for M, and R · F and M are obtained and plotted on the coordinate system.

Next, R / F and M of each item are arranged in descending order so as to connect the plotted points, and curves C1, C2, and C3 that approximate these are obtained (step S14).
Next, the RF axis coordinate RF of the intersection point Q2 of the curves C1 and C2 and the RF axis coordinate RF3 of the intersection point Q3 of the curves C2 and C3 are obtained (step S15).
Further, the RF axis coordinate RF1 of the boundary point Q1 between the first class and the second class is obtained from the boundary value X% between the first class and the second class (step S16). As shown in FIG. 7, if the RF value is larger than RF1, it is the first class, if it is RF1 to RF2, it is the second class, if it is RF2 to RF3, it is the third class, and if it is less than RF4, it is the fourth class.

  Next, it is determined from the RF value of each item which class each item belongs to (step S17).

  Finally, the above analysis results are recorded in the classification DB 115 as analysis data (item data) illustrated in FIG. 3 (step S18). At this stage, the ordering timing and order quantity are not set.

4) Setting of ordering points for items belonging to the third category As mentioned above, the items belonging to the third category have the characteristic that the repeatability of demand is high but the demand is small, It is suitable to perform the management by the order point method or the replenishment point method.
Therefore, it is necessary to determine to what extent the inventory is reduced, and when the replenishment of inventory is ordered.
The analysis / ordering system 11 also performs processing for determining the ordering point (replenishment point).
First, for example, when the processing shown in FIG. 8 is completed, the processing control unit 117 of the analysis / ordering system 11 starts the optimum order point specifying processing shown in FIG.

  In this process, the process control unit 117 reads the order information for each item and sets the lead time of the product (from the time of placing the order until the goods are received) set in advance in the product master DB (not shown). Period) and safety factor (= 1−out-of-stock risk probability) are read (step S21).

Next, the pointer i indicating the item ID is set to an initial value 1 (step S22), and it is determined based on the classification data whether the item identified by the item ID i belongs to the third class (step S23). ). If it does not belong (step S23; No), the process jumps to step S25, which will be described later. If it belongs (step S23; Yes), an order point is obtained (step S24). Although the method for obtaining the order point is arbitrary, it can be obtained by, for example, order point = number of orders received per day / lead time / safety factor.
Next, it is determined whether or not the processing has been completed for all items (step S25). If not completed (step S25; No), the pointer i is updated (+1) (step S26), If the process returns to S23 and the process is completed (Step S26; Yes), the order point for each item obtained in this process is added to the classification information recorded in the classification DB 115 and recorded (Step S27). The process ends.

5) Setting an ordering schedule (ordering method) for items belonging to Class 1 and Class 2 On the other hand, for items belonging to Class 1 and Class 2, production is performed using any commonly known method. Record the ordering method based on the plan (for example, monthly production plan). The processing control unit 117 of the analysis / ordering system 11 captures production plans for items belonging to the first and second types via the communication unit 111 or by input from the input unit 113 and records them in the storage unit 112. . The process control unit 117 generates an order schedule from the production plan using a generally known method. For example, if the production plan in the beginning of a certain month is 100 pieces, a schedule for ordering items necessary for the production of 100 pieces in advance, for example, is formulated in consideration of the lead time of each product.

6) Order processing for items belonging to the third class The processing control unit 117 of the analysis / ordering system 11 performs processing for ordering stock for the items belonging to the above-mentioned third class periodically, for example, at midnight every day. Execute.
That is, first, the processing control unit 117 sorts the data of the items belonging to the third class in the order of items with a short lead time and a small ordering point by referring to the classification DB 115 and an unillustrated item master table. S31).

  Next, a pointer i indicating the order of the items after the rearrangement is set to an initial value 1 (step S32), and it is determined whether or not the stock quantity of the i-th item is less than the order point (step S33). .

  If it is not less than the order point (step S33; No), the process jumps to step S35 described later. On the other hand, if the stock quantity is equal to or less than the order point (step S33; Yes), the order of “order lot size” is recorded in the order DB 116 in the order DB 116 (step S34).

  Next, it is determined whether or not the processing for all items classified in the third category has been completed (step S35). If not completed (step S35; No), the pointer i is updated (+1). Then (step S36), the process returns to step S33, and if completed (step S35; Yes), this process is terminated.

7) Order processing for items belonging to the first, second and fourth classes For the items belonging to the first and second classes, the analysis / ordering system 11 is generated based on the production plan, for example. The ordered schedule is periodically checked, and if there is an item to be ordered, the order data is recorded in the order DB 116.
For items belonging to the fourth category, the analysis / ordering system 11 records the corresponding ordering data in the order DB 116 after actually receiving an order.

  8) For example, the analysis / ordering system 11 periodically checks ordering data recorded in the order DB 116 and places an order corresponding to the ordering data. The ordering method itself is arbitrary. For example, an e-mail in a predetermined format describing the order contents may be created and sent to the ordering party recorded for each item, or It may be such that an order slip is printed. As described above, not only the ordering to the outside, but also a request for sending individual items to a department that comprehensively holds and manages inventory.

  For example, the processing control unit 117 of the analysis / ordering system 11 displays, for example, an order confirmation message on the display unit 114 in order to avoid the occurrence of stock in stock for products belonging to the second category. Notify the administrator and display the order quantity and order edit screen. The manager operates the input unit 113 as necessary to edit the order contents, approves the order, and inputs an order instruction. In response to this instruction, the processing control unit 117 actually orders the edited / approved (or original) content.

The configuration and operation of the system described above are summarized as shown in FIG.
That is, the order record information indicating the order record recorded in the actual order record DB 31 (generated in daily sales activities, not input / registered separately for ordering) is analyzed. / Supply to ordering system 11. The RFM analyzer as a function of the analysis / ordering system 11 applies the RFM classifier process to the order record information, and the items are classified as “first type with high demand repeatability and high demand”, “demand demand”. Type 2 with low repeatability but high demand, Type 3 with high demand repeatability but low demand, and Type 4 with low demand repeatability and low demand Classify into four.

  For the first and second types of items, in accordance with the established ordering schedule, the ordering plan is formulated and the ordering data is generated by the ordering plan formulation / ordering device based on the production plan as a function of the analysis / ordering system 11 Process the order. For example, if there is a plan to produce 100 pieces per month and the number of orders is 2 times / month, 50 pieces are ordered. However, with respect to the second type, the ordering frequency is increased so as not to have inventory compared to the first type. Alternatively, processing such as asking the person in charge for confirmation / approval of the order contents is performed.

  For the third type of item, the optimum order point determination system as a function of the analysis / order system 11 obtains and records the optimum order point for each item. Further, the ordering system based on the ordering point system of the analysis / ordering system 11 generates a predetermined amount of ordering data that replenishes the stock when the stock falls below the ordering point when compared with the daily stock data. Make an order.

  For the fourth type of item, nothing is done until an actual order is received, and after the order is received, an order is placed by the ordering system as one function of the analysis / ordering system 11.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to perform appropriate inventory management and order processing for items belonging to each category.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and applications are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the first to fourth classes are classified based on the changing points (intersection points of the approximate curves C1 to C3) in the graph of FIG. 7, but other methods may be used. For example, the highest X1% of the R / F values may be the first class, the lower X2% may be the second class, the lower X3% may be the third class, and the lower level may be the fourth class. .

  For example, as shown in FIG. 12, based on the inflection points Q2, Q3, and Q4 of the R · F−M curve, the R · F−M two-dimensional coordinate space is changed to R · F = A rank, B rank, C It is divided into a total of nine regions by rank, M = A rank, B rank, C rank, and as shown in FIG. 13A, each item is AA to CC based on its R, F, and M values. In addition, as shown in FIG. 13B, for items belonging to the four areas AA, AB, BA, and BB, inventory management is performed based on the production plan (in the above embodiment). 1st class, 2nd class), however, BA and BB areas are subject to caution (2nd class of the above embodiment), and items belonging to AC, BC, CA, and CB areas are of inventory replenishment type Perform inventory management (the third type of the above embodiment), and confirm orders for CC territories Response (orders awaiting actual orders; the third class of embodiments) may be a.

  In the above embodiment, the analysis / ordering system 11 has been described as determining the optimal ordering point for the third type of item and performing the ordering process. However, the analysis / ordering system 11 determines (proposed) ) Presents the optimal ordering point to the user (operator), and the operator edits (confirms) and records it, uses the optimal ordering point after editing (confirmation), and the analysis / ordering system 11 The necessity may be notified to the user, for example, by displaying a message on the display unit, and the user may perform an ordering process. The method for alerting the operator (administrator) to the second type of item is also arbitrary, and the editing / approval of the operator may be requested at the stage of formulating the ordering schedule.

  The items to be ordered for each item are the item itself, parts for producing the item, raw materials, and the like, and are appropriately selected and set according to the item target and business content.

  In addition to the above functions, for example, the analysis / ordering system 11 periodically performs RFM analysis of order information, for example, monitors fluctuations in the boundary point Q2 between the second class and the third class, Information regarding fluctuations may be provided to the user. For example, the analysis / ordering system 11 1) When the boundary point Q2 shifts to the right of the R / F axis in FIG. 7 (when it is shifting on the history and / or when it is positioned to the right of the reference) Informing that the demand itself tends to increase, proactively producing the prospective production, and instructing (advising) that the stock should be allowed, and 2) the boundary point Q2 is R in FIG.・ When shifting to the left of the F axis (when shifting historically and / or when moving to the right of the standard), the demand itself tends to decrease, and it is reported that production and inventory should be suppressed. -You may notify.

  Further, if the same function can be obtained, the system configuration can be arbitrarily changed.

  A server or the like that executes the above-described processing may be configured by installing the corresponding program from a medium (a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, or the like) that stores the program for executing the above-described operation in a computer or a computer group. it can. Note that when the OS realizes the above functions by sharing the OS or jointly of the OS and the application, only the part other than the OS may be stored in the medium.

  It is also possible to modulate the carrier wave with a program signal and distribute it via communication. The above-described processing can be executed by starting this program and executing it in the same manner as other application programs under the control of the OS.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the ordering / ordering system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a figure which shows the structural example of the analysis / ordering system shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a figure which shows the example of the operation | movement program memorize | stored in a memory | storage part. It is a figure which shows the example of the classification information stored in the classification database shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the order data stored in order DB shown in FIG. (A) is a figure which shows the structural example of the inventory database shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a figure which shows the example of the inventory information memorize | stored in an inventory information storage part. (A) is a figure which shows the example of a structure of the order record database shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a figure which shows the example of the order record data memorize | stored in an order information storage part. It is a figure for demonstrating RFM analysis. It is a flowchart for demonstrating a RFM analysis process. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the optimal order point specific process. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the order processing for inventory replenishment. It is a block diagram for demonstrating schematic operation | movement of the whole system. It is a figure for demonstrating the other method of RFM analysis. (A) And (b) is a figure for demonstrating the other method of RFM analysis and inventory management.

Explanation of symbols

11 Analysis / Ordering System 21 Inventory Database 31 Order (Demand) Database 41 Internal Terminal

Claims (7)

Classifying means for classifying items into predetermined classes by analyzing actual order data by item according to final demand period, demand frequency, and demand amount,
Order point determination means for obtaining an order point or a replenishment point with respect to an inventory quantity for items belonging to the predetermined class classified by the classification means;
Inventory quantity storage means for storing the inventory quantity;
For an item belonging to the predetermined class, a predetermined process for ordering or replenishment is performed by comparing the number of stocks stored in the stock quantity storage means with the ordering point or replenishment point determined by the ordering point determination means. Order support means for
An inventory management system comprising: The classification means analyzes the actual order data for each item with an index indicating the repeatability of demand determined from the final demand period and the demand frequency, and an index determined by the demand amount,
The first class with high demand repeatability and high demand volume and the second class with high demand volume but the second class with high demand volume and the high demand repeatability but the third with low demand volume Categorized into four classes, the fourth class, where demand repeatability is low and demand is low,
The order point determination means obtains the optimum order point for the inventory quantity for the third class,
The order support means orders a predetermined amount of an item belonging to the third class when the number of stocks stored in the inventory quantity storage means is less than or equal to the optimum order point determined by the order point determination means. Process to perform or support process for ordering a predetermined amount,
The inventory management system according to claim 1, wherein: For the items classified in the first or second class, further comprising means for performing a process of placing an order for a predetermined amount based on the production plan or a support process for ordering the predetermined amount.
The inventory management system according to claim 2, wherein: For the item classified in the fourth class, in response to an actual order, the system further comprises means for performing a process for placing an order for the actual order or a support process for placing an order.
The inventory management system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein   5. The order point determination means determines the order point based on a lead time, safety factor, and order data that are set in advance for each item. 6. The inventory management system described. The computer classifies items based on actual orders, and is an inventory management method by an order point method or a replenishment point method for items belonging to a predetermined class,
The computer analyzes the actual order data for each item by the final demand period, demand frequency and demand volume, classifies the items into predetermined classes,
Based on the actual order data, the computer determines the order point or replenishment point for the inventory quantity for the items belonging to the predetermined class,
For an item belonging to the predetermined class, a predetermined process for ordering is performed by comparing the number of stocks with an order point or a replenishment point.
An inventory management method characterized by that. Computer
Classifying means for classifying items into predetermined classes by analyzing actual order data by item by final demand period, demand frequency and demand volume,
Order point determination means for obtaining an order point or a replenishment point with respect to the inventory quantity for items belonging to the predetermined class classified by the classification means,
Stock quantity storage means for storing stock quantity;
For an item belonging to the predetermined class, a predetermined process for ordering is performed by comparing the number of stocks stored in the stock amount storage unit with the order point or replenishment point determined by the order point determination unit. Order support means,
A computer program that functions as a computer program.

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