JP2005021876A - 水素吸蔵材料、水素貯蔵装置、水素貯蔵システム、燃料電池車両、及び水素吸蔵材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
水素吸蔵材料、水素貯蔵装置、水素貯蔵システム、燃料電池車両、及び水素吸蔵材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 グラファイトの結晶化が不完全な状態に調整されている水素吸蔵材料であり、線源として銅を用いたX線解析により得られる002回折ピークの半価幅が6.50〜8.62°である。
【選択図】 図1
Description
本発明に係る水素吸蔵材料の実施の形態について説明する。本実施の形態に係る水素吸蔵材料は、グラファイトの結晶化が不完全な状態に調整されていることを特徴とする。また、この水素吸蔵材料は、線源として銅を用いたX線解析により得られる002回折ピークの半価幅が6.50〜8.62[°]であることを特徴とする。より具体的には、002回折ピークの半価幅が6.50〜7.78[°]であることがより好ましい。
次に、本発明に係る水素吸蔵材料の製造方法の実施の形態について説明する。この水素吸蔵材料の製造方法は、有機系高分子材料を熱処理する水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、熱処理を、グラファイトの結晶化を不完全な状態で停止させることを特徴とする。
以下、本発明に係る水素吸蔵材料の実施例1〜実施例11及び比較例1〜比較例3について説明する。これらの実施例は、本発明に係る水素吸蔵材料の有効性を調べたもので、異なる原料に対して、異なる条件下で焼成を行った際に生成した水素吸蔵材料の例を示したものである。
○実施例1の試料調製:原料としてPANの粉末を用いた。PAN粉末をるつぼに入れ、空気中300[℃]で1時間の熱処理を行った。その後窒素気流中で900[℃]2[時間]の熱処理を行った。生成した黒色の塊を乳鉢中で粉砕して、水素吸蔵材料とした。
水素吸蔵材料の試料観察は、顕微鏡を用いて行った。
水素吸蔵能の測定試験は、JIS H 7201に従った。なお、水素が吸蔵されていない原点を正確に得るため、300[℃]で1時間真空引きすることにより、残留しているガスを放出させてから測定を行なった。測定温度は30[℃]とした。
X線回折測定(以下、XRDという)にて行った。XRDには、マックサイエンス社製 X線回折装置 MXP18VAHFを用いた。測定は、線源はCu、管電圧940.4[kV]、管電流20.0[mA]、データ範囲2.020〜90.000[deg]、サンプリング間隔0.020[deg]、スキャン速度4.000[deg/min]の条件で行った。
図8は、本発明に係る車載用の水素貯蔵装置の実施の形態を示している。この水素貯蔵装置10は、耐圧容器11の内部に上記した実施例1〜実施例11に示された範囲にある水素吸蔵材料12を充填した構成である。この水素貯蔵装置10には、水素を導入・導出する水素流出口13が設けられており、この水素流出口13には、バルブ14が設けられている。この水素貯蔵装置10は、水素吸蔵材料12を単に充填する他に、適宜、圧縮成形により固形化あるいは薄膜化して形成したものを用いても良い。
図9は、本発明による水素貯蔵装置10を搭載する燃料電池車両の実施の形態を示しており、図8に示すような水素貯蔵装置10を燃料電池車両20に設置搭載したものである。このとき、車両に設置搭載する水素貯蔵装置10は一つ又は二つ以上の複数に分割してあっても良く、複数の水素貯蔵装置の形状はそれぞれ異なったものであっても良い。また、エンジンルームやトランクルーム内部、あるいはシート下のフロア部など車室内部の他に、ルーフ上部などの車室外に水素貯蔵装置10を設置することも可能である。このような燃料電池車両20は、燃料供給部の体積や重量を小さくでき、水素貯蔵システムの体積を低下させると共に、車両重量が低減されて省燃費化を図ることができる。このため、車室内空間をより広く活用できてレイアウトの自由度が向上し、航続距離の長距離化が図れる等の効果が得られる。
10 水素貯蔵装置
11 耐圧容器
13 水素流出口
14 バルブ
20 燃料電池車両
Claims (14)
- グラファイトの結晶化が不完全な状態に調製されていることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料。
- 請求項1記載の水素吸蔵材料であって、
線源として銅を用いたX線解析により得られる002回折ピークの半価幅が6.50〜8.62[°]であることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料。 - 請求項1又は請求項2に記載された水素吸蔵材料であって、
前記002回折ピークの半価幅が6.50〜7.78[°]であることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載された水素吸蔵材料であって、
前記水素吸蔵材料の形状が鱗片状であり、厚さに対する該鱗片状の最長長さの比が5〜350の範囲にあることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料。 - 有機系高分子材料を熱処理する水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、
前記熱処理を、グラファイトの結晶化を不完全な状態で停止させることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料の製造方法。 - 請求項5に記載の水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、
前記熱処理を、500〜1000[℃]の温度で行うことを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料の製造方法。 - 請求項5又は請求項6に記載された水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、
前記熱処理を、不活性ガス中で行うことを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料の製造方法。 - 請求項5乃至請求項7のいずれか一項に記載された水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、
前記有機系高分子材料は、ポリアクリロニトリル又はポリイミドであることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料の製造方法。 - 請求項8に記載の水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、
前記有機系高分子材料としてポリイミドを用いた場合に、材料形状を薄膜状に調製することを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料の製造方法。 - 請求項9に記載の水素吸蔵材料の製造方法であって、
得られた水素吸蔵材料の形状が鱗片状であり、厚さに対する該鱗片状の最長長さの比が5〜350の範囲にあることを特徴とする水素吸蔵材料の製造方法。 - 請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一項に記載された水素吸蔵材料を備えることを特徴とする水素貯蔵装置。
- 請求項11に記載の水素貯蔵装置であって、
前記水素吸蔵材料は耐高圧容器に充填してあることを特徴とする水素貯蔵装置。 - 請求項11又は請求項12に記載された水素貯蔵装置を備えることを特徴とする水素貯蔵システム。
- 請求項13に記載の水素貯蔵システムを用いたことを特徴とする燃料電池車両。
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