JP2004359630A - Difluorodiphenylmethane derivative and its salt - Google Patents

Difluorodiphenylmethane derivative and its salt Download PDF

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JP2004359630A
JP2004359630A JP2003161718A JP2003161718A JP2004359630A JP 2004359630 A JP2004359630 A JP 2004359630A JP 2003161718 A JP2003161718 A JP 2003161718A JP 2003161718 A JP2003161718 A JP 2003161718A JP 2004359630 A JP2004359630 A JP 2004359630A
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Prior art keywords
acid
lower alkyl
compound
diabetes
reaction
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Inventor
Yasushi Tomiyama
泰 冨山
Atsushi Noda
淳 野田
Kayoko Kitsuta
香代子 橘田
Yoshinori Kobayashi
義典 小林
Masakazu Imamura
雅一 今村
Hideshi Kurosaki
英志 黒▲崎▼
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Kotobuki Seiyaku Co Ltd
Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Kotobuki Seiyaku Co Ltd
Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound useful as a Na<SP>+</SP>-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, particularly as a treatment or preventive agent for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes), insulin resistant disorder, fatty liver or obesity. <P>SOLUTION: This compound is a difluorodiphenylmethane derivative in which a benzene ring bonds to another benzene ring through difluoromethylene (-CF<SB>2</SB>-) and the latter ring functions to directly bond to a saccharide residue. The Na<SP>+</SP>-glucose cotransporter inhibitor comprises the difluorodiphenylmethane derivative and its salt as effective components, and can particularly suitably be used as the treatment or preventive agent for diabetes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、医薬、特にNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤として有用な、ジフルオロジフェニルメタン誘導体及びその塩に関する。本発明のジフルオロジフェニルメタン誘導体及びその塩は、インスリン依存性糖尿病(1型糖尿病)、インスリン非依存性糖尿病(2型糖尿病)、インスリン抵抗性疾患及び肥満の治療、並びにこれらの予防に有用である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、高血糖を速やかに正常化し、同時に体内のエネルギーバランスを改善する抗糖尿病薬として、腸管及び腎臓での糖再吸収を行うNa−グルコース共輸送体(SGLT)を阻害する薬剤(Na−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤)が求められている。このようなNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤は、インスリン依存性糖尿病(1型糖尿病)、インスリン非依存性糖尿病(2型糖尿病)等の糖尿病の他、インスリン抵抗性疾患、脂肪肝及び肥満の優れた治療剤、並びにこれらの優れた予防剤として期待されている。
【0003】
従来、Na−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤として用いられる化合物としては、例えば、Welch C.A.et al.,J.Natr.,1989,119(11)1698に記載されたフロリジンや、例えば、Hongu,M.et al.,Chem.Pharm.Bull.1998,46(1)22、及び特開平11−21243号公報に記載された合成O−配糖体が知られている。これらの化合物は、腸管及び腎臓に存在するNa−グルコース共輸送体を阻害することにより、過剰の糖を尿糖として体外に排泄し、血糖を降下させることが報告されている。
【0004】
しかしながら、これらの化合物は、いずれも糖とアグリコン部分とがO−グルコシド結合してなるO−配糖体であり、経口投与されると小腸に存在するグルコシダーゼ等により加水分解され、作用が消減してしまうという課題があった。
【0005】
また、フロリジンの場合、アグリコン部分であるフロレチンは促進拡散型の糖輸送体を強力に阻害することが知られている。例えば、ラット静脈にフロレチンを投与すると脳内グルコース濃度が減少するという悪影響が報告されている(例えば、Stroke,1983,14,388)。更に、フロレチンはビタミンCのトランスポーターを阻害することも知られている(wang, Y et. al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2000, 267, 488−494)。
【0006】
そこで、O−配糖体のグルコシド結合の酸素を炭素に変換したC−配糖体をNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤として用いることが試みられている。
【0007】
例えば、特許文献1には、下記一般式で示される化合物がNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害作用を有し、糖尿病の治療剤、予防剤及び血糖降下剤として有用であることが記載されている。
【0008】
【化2】

Figure 2004359630
(上記一般式中、RはH、OH、低級アルキル基、−O−低級アルキル基等を、RはH、−COO−低級アルキル基等を、Rは−CHOH、−CHOCOO−低級アルキル基等を、Aはピリジン、フラン、チオフェン、キノリン、インドール等を、nは0〜3の整数を、mは0又は1の整数を表す。式中の記号の詳細は公報参照。)
【0009】
また、特許文献2には、下記一般式で示される化合物をNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤として、肥満や2型糖尿病の治療に用いることができると記載されている。
【0010】
【化3】
Figure 2004359630
(上記一般式中、R、R及びR2aは、独立して、水素原子、OH、OR、アルキル、CF、OCHF、OCF等を、R及びRは、独立して、水素原子、OH、OR5a、−O−アリール、−O−CH−アリール、アルキル、シクロアルキル、CF等を、AはO、S、NH、又は(CH)nを、nは0〜3の整数を表す。式中の記号の詳細は公報参照。)
【0011】
【特許文献1】
特開2001−288178号公報
【特許文献2】
国際公開第01/27128号パンフレット
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
糖尿病が生活習慣病として増加している昨今、糖尿病の治療等の現場においては、従来の化合物とは化学的構造が異なり、かつ、更に強力なNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害作用剤の創製が切望されている。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、ベンゼン環がジフルオロメチレン(−CF−)を介して、もう一つのベンゼン環と結合し、そのベンゼン環が糖残基と直接結合することを特徴とする、下記一般式(I)で示される新規なジフルオロジフェニルメタン誘導体が、優れたNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害作用を有することを見出し、本発明を完成させた。即ち本発明は、下記一般式(I)で示される化合物及びその塩(以下、「本発明化合物」と記す)に関する。本発明化合物は、それらを有効成分とするNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害剤、特に糖尿病の治療剤又は予防剤として好適に利用することができる。
【0014】
【化4】
Figure 2004359630
(上記一般式(I)中の記号は、それぞれ以下の意味を有する。
〜R:同一又は異なって、水素原子、低級アルキル、−C(=O)−低級アルキル、又は−低級アルキレン−アリール、
〜R11:同一又は異なって、水素原子、低級アルキル、ハロゲン、ハロゲン置換低級アルキル、−OH、−O−低級アルキル、−低級アルキレン−OH、−低級アルキレン−O−低級アルキル、−O−低級アルキレン−O−低級アルキル、−O−低級アルキレン−アリール、−O−低級アルキレン−COOH、−O−低級アルキレン−C(=O)−NH、−O−低級アルキレン−OH、−O−低級アルキレン−C(=O)−O−低級アルキル、−O−低級アルキレン−NH、−低級アルキレン−O−C(=O)−低級アルキル、−COOH、−NO、−CN、−NH、−C(=O)−O−低級アルキル、−SO−低級アルキル、又は−SO−アリール、
但し、R及びR並びに/又はR及びRは、ベンゼン環上の隣接する炭素原子に結合するときは、一体となってベンゼン環をそれぞれ形成しても良い。)
【0015】
なお、本発明化合物と特許文献1及び2に記載された化合物とは、本発明化合物が、2個のベンゼン環が必ずジフルオロメチレン(−CF−)を介して結合する点等において、構造を異にするものである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明(本発明化合物)の実施の形態を具体的に説明する。
本明細書中の一般式の定義において「低級」なる用語は、特に断らない限り、炭素数が1〜6の直鎖又は分枝状の炭素鎖を意味する。従って「低級アルキル」としては、例えばメチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、ヘキシル、イソヘキシル等の直鎖又は分枝状のC1−6アルキルが挙げられる。これらの中では炭素数1〜3のものが好ましく、メチル、エチルが特に好ましい。
「低級アルキレン」としては、メチレン、エチレン、プロピレン、ブチレン等の他、分枝を有した低級アルキレンでも良い。メチレン及びエチレンが好ましく、メチレンが特に好ましい。
「ハロゲン」としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられるが、中でも、フッ素原子、塩素原子及び臭素原子が好ましい。「ハロゲン置換低級アルキル」としては、上記ハロゲン原子によって置換された上記低級アルキルが挙げられ、特にトリフルオロメチル等の、フッ素原子で置換されたものが好ましい。
【0017】
「アリール」とは、炭素数が6〜14個の1〜3環系芳香族炭化水素環基を意味する。例えば、フェニル、ナフチル、アントリル、フェナントリル等が挙げられ、特にフェニル及びナフチルが好ましい。「−低級アルキレン−アリール」としては、特にベンジル及びフェネチルが好ましい。
また、R及びR並びに/又はR及びRは、ベンゼン環上の隣接する炭素原子に結合するときは、一体となってベンゼン環をそれぞれ形成しても良い。
【0018】
また、本発明化合物には、互変異性体、光学異性体等の各種の異性体の混合物や単離されたものが含まれる。
本発明化合物は、酸付加塩を形成する場合がある。また、置換基の種類によっては塩基との塩を形成する場合もある。かかる塩としては、具体的には、塩酸、臭化水素酸、ヨウ化水素酸、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸等の鉱酸;ギ酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸等の有機酸;アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸等の酸性アミノ酸との酸付加塩、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、アルミニウム等の無機塩基;メチルアミン、エチルアミン、エタノールアミン等の有機塩基;リジン、オルニチン等の塩基性アミノ酸との塩やアンモニウム塩等が挙げられる。
【0019】
更に、本発明化合物には、水和物、製薬学的に許容可能な各種溶媒和物や結晶多形の物質等も含まれる。
なお、当然のことながら、本発明化合物は後述する実施例に記載された化合物に限定されるものではなく、上記一般式(I)で示される化合物及びその製薬学的に許容される塩の全てを包含するものである。
【0020】
また、本発明化合物には、生体内において代謝されて上記一般式(I)に示される化合物、又はその塩に変換される化合物、いわゆるプロドラッグもすべて含むものである。本発明化合物のプロドラッグを形成する基としては、Prog.Med.5:2157−2161(1985)に記載されている基や、広川書店1990年刊「医薬品の開発」第7巻分子設計163〜198頁に記載されている基が挙げられる。
【0021】
[製造法]
本発明化合物は、その基本骨格或いは置換基の種類に基づく特徴を利用し、種々の公知の合成法を適用して製造することができる。その際、官能基の種類によっては、この官能基を原料又は中間体の段階で適当な保護基、即ち、容易にこの官能基に転化可能な基に置き換えておくことが製造技術上、効果的な場合がある。しかるのち、必要に応じて保護基を除去し、所望の化合物を得ることができる。このような官能基としては例えば水酸基やカルボキシル基等を挙げることができ、それらの保護基としては例えばグリーン(Greene)及びウッツ(Wuts)著、「Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis」第2版に記載の保護基を挙げることができ、これらを反応条件に応じて適宜用いればよい。
【0022】
以下に本発明化合物の代表的な製造法を説明する。
(製造法)
製造法は、下記反応式に示すように、ハロベンゼン誘導体(1)とラクトン誘導体(2)で付加反応を行い化合物(3)を得、酸化して安息香酸誘導体(4)を得た後、還元して化合物(5)を得、アミド化し化合物(6) を得、置換反応で ベンゾフェノン誘導体(7)を得、そのカルボニル基の部分でジチオケタール(8)へ導いた後フッ素化して化合物(I)を得、必要により脱保護して、R〜Rが水素原子である化合物を得る方法である。
【0023】
【化5】
Figure 2004359630
(上記反応式中、R〜R11は前掲と同じものを意味し、XはハロゲンをYは低級アルキルを意味する。また、nは0または1を意味する。)
【0024】
ハロベンゼン誘導体(1)とラクトン誘導体(2)の付加反応は、n−ブチルリチウム、sec−ブチルリチウム、tert−ブチルリチウム等のアルキルリチウム試薬の存在下、不活性な溶媒中で行われる。溶媒の具体例としては、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジグライム等のエーテル類等が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−80℃〜約30℃である。
【0025】
酸化反応は常法の酸化、例えば適当な酸と、酸化剤の存在下、適当な溶媒中で行うことができる。酸の具体例としてはスルファミン酸などが挙げられ、酸化剤の具体例としては亜塩素酸ナトリウムなどが挙げられる。溶媒の具体例としてはアセトン、酢酸エチル、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム、水、これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−10℃〜約30℃である。
【0026】
還元反応は常法の還元、例えば適当な還元剤及び酸触媒の存在下、適当な溶媒中で行うことができる。還元剤の具体例としては、トリエチルシラン、トリイソプロピルシラン、tert−ブチルジメチルシラン等が挙げられ、酸触媒としては、三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテル錯体、トリフルオロ酢酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル等が挙げられる。溶媒の具体例としては、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタンのようなハロゲン化アルキル類;ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジグライム等のエーテル類;アセトニトリル;これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−40℃〜約20℃である。
【0027】
アミド化は、適当な溶媒中で塩化オキザリルや塩化チオニルと反応させ、酸クロリドを得た後に、この酸クロリドを適当な溶媒中で適当な塩基の存在下、N,O−ジメトキシヒドロキシルアミンなどのアミンと反応させることによって行われるか、或いは適当な溶媒中で適当な塩基、および1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミドなどの縮合剤の存在下、安息香酸誘導体と、N,O−ジメトキシヒドロキシルアミンなどのアミンを反応させることによって実施するのが好ましい。塩基の具体例としてはトリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、N−メチルモルホリンなどが挙げられる。溶媒の具体例としてはテトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサンなどのエーテル類;ジメチルホルムアミドなどのアミド類;アセトニトリル;これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−20℃〜約60℃である。
【0028】
置換反応は適当な求核試薬の存在下、適当な溶媒中で行われる。求核試薬の具体例としてはグリニヤール試薬、定法によって調整されるアリールリチウム試薬などが挙げられる。溶媒の具体例としては、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジグライム等のエーテル類等が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−80℃〜約80℃である。
ジチオケタール化は適当なジチオールおよび適当な酸触媒の存在下、適当な溶媒中で行われる。ジチオールの具体例としては、1,2−エタンジチオール、1,3−プロパンジチオールなどが挙げられる。酸触媒の具体例としては三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテル錯体、トリフルオロ酢酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル等が挙げられる。溶媒の具体例としては、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン等のハロゲン化アルキル類;ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジグライム等のエーテル類;アセトニトリル;これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−40℃〜約30℃である。
ジフルオロ化は適当なフッ素化剤の存在下、適当な溶媒中で行われる。フッ素化剤の具体例としては、フッ化水素ピリジン錯体、(ジメチルアミノ)サルファートリフルオリド、トリス(ジメチルアミノ)サルファー(トリメチルシリル)ジフルオリドなどが挙げられる。溶媒の具体例としてはクロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン等のハロゲン化アルキル類;ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジグライム等のエーテル類;アセトニトリル;これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−80℃〜約30℃である。
【0029】
脱保護は適当な塩基の存在下、適当な溶媒中で行われる。塩基の具体的な例としては水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシドなどが挙げられる。溶媒の具体的な例としてはテトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジグライムなどのエーテル類;メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノールなどのアルコール類;アセトニトリル;水;これらの混合溶媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約0℃〜約100℃である。
また、この脱保護はパラジウム−炭素、水酸化パラジウム、白金−炭素などの金属触媒の存在下適当な溶媒中水素雰囲気下で行うか、或いは適当なルイス酸存在下適当な溶媒中で行うこともできる。ルイス酸の具体例としては三塩化ホウ素、三臭化ホウ素、三塩化アルミニウムなどが挙げられ、溶媒の具体例としてはテトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサンなどのエーテル類;酢酸エチルなどのエステル類;メタノール、エタノールなどのアルコール類;アセトニトリル;これらの混媒が挙げられ、反応基質の種類、反応条件に応じて適宜選択される。反応温度は、原料化合物の種類、反応条件等により異なるが、通常冷却〜還流下、好ましくは約−80℃〜約30℃である。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明化合物は、Na−グルコース共輸送体阻害作用を有しており、糖尿病、特にインスリン非依存性糖尿病(2型糖尿病)、インスリン依存性糖尿病(1型糖尿病)に有効である。また、インスリン抵抗性疾患、肥満、及び脂肪肝等にも有効である。本発明化合物の顕著なNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害作用は、以下に示す試験方法により確認された。
【0031】
[ヒトNa−グルコース共輸送体(ヒトSGLT2)阻害試験]
1)ヒトSGLT2発現ベクターの作製
まず、Superscript II(Gibco社製)とランダムヘキサマーを用いて、ヒト腎臓由来の全RNA(Clontech社製)から1本鎖cDNAを逆転写した。次に、これを鋳型とし、Pyrobest DNAポリメラーゼ(Takara社製)を用いたPCR反応により、ヒトSGLT2(Wells R.G. et al., Am. J. Physiol., 1992, 263(3)F459)をコードするDNA断片を増幅した(このDNA断片の5’側にHind IIIサイトが、3’側にEcoRIサイトが導入されるようなプライマーを用いた)。
【0032】
増幅された断片をTopo TA Cloningキット(Invitrogen社製)を用いてpCR2.1−Topoベクターにクローニングし、大腸菌JM109株のコンピテントセルに導入して、アンピシリン耐性を示すクローンをアンピシリン(100mg/L)を含むLB培地中で増殖した。増殖した大腸菌からHanahanの方法(Maniatisら、Molecular Cloningを参照)によりプラスミドを精製し、このプラスミドをHindIII、EcoRI消化して得られるヒトSGLT2をコードするDNA断片を、発現ベクターpcDNA3.1(Invitrogen社製)の同サイトにT4 DNAリガーゼ(Roche Diagonostics社製)を用いてライゲーションし、クローニングした。ライゲーションしたクローンを、上記と同様に大腸菌JM109株のコンピテントセルに導入し、アンピシリンを含むLB培地中で増殖させ、Hanahanの方法によりヒトSGLT2発現ベクターを取得した。
【0033】
2)ヒトSGLT2安定発現細胞の作製
ヒトSGLT2発現ベクターをLipofectamine2000(Gibco社製)を用いてCHO−K1細胞に導入した。遺伝子導入後、細胞をペニシリン(50IU/mL。大日本製薬社製)、ストレプトマイシン(50μg/mL。大日本製薬社製)、Geneticin(40μg/mL。Gibco社製)と10%ウシ胎児血清を含むHam’s F12培地(日水製薬社製)中で、37℃、5%CO存在下で2週間培養し、Geneticin耐性のクローンを得た。これらのクローンの中からヒトSGLT2を安定発現する細胞を、定常レベルに対するナトリウム存在下の糖取り込みの比活性を指標に選択し取得した。
【0034】
3)メチル−α−D−グルコピラノシド取り込み阻害活性の測定
ヒトSGLT2安定発現CHO細胞の培地を除去し、1ウェルあたり前処置用緩衝液(塩化コリン140mM、塩化カリウム2mM、塩化カルシウム1mM、塩化マグネシウム1mM、2−[4−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−1−ピペラジニル]エタンスルホン酸10mM、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)アミノメタン5mMを含む緩衝液pH7.4)を100μL加え、37℃で20分間静置した。
【0035】
試験化合物を含む取り込み用緩衝液(塩化ナトリウム140mM、塩化カリウム2mM、塩化カルシウム1mM、塩化マグネシウム1mM、メチル−α−D−グルコピラノシド50μM、2−[4−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−1−ピペラジニル]エタンスルホン酸10mM、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)アミノメタン5mMを含む緩衝液pH7.4)1000μLに11μLのメチル−α−D−(U−14C)グルコピラノシド(Amersham Pharmacia Biotech社製)を加え混合し、取り込み用緩衝液とした。対照群に試験化合物を含まない取り込み用緩衝液を調製した。また、試験化合物及びナトリウム非存在下の基礎取り込み測定用に塩化ナトリウムに替えて140mMの塩化コリンを含む基礎取り込み用緩衝液を同様に調製した。
【0036】
前処置用緩衝液を除去し、取り込み用緩衝液を1ウェルあたり25μLずつ加え37℃で2時間静置した。取り込み用緩衝液を除去し、洗浄用緩衝液(塩化コリン140mM、塩化カリウム2mM、塩化カルシウム1mM、塩化マグネシウム1mM、メチル−α−D−グルコピラノシド10mM、2−[4−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−1−ピペラジニル]エタンスルホン酸10mM、トリス(ヒドロキシメチル)アミノメタン5mMを含む緩衝液pH7.4)を1ウェルあたり200μLずつ加え、すぐに除去した。この洗浄操作を更に1回行い、0.5%ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムを1ウェルあたり25μLずつ加え、細胞を可溶化した。ここに75μLのマイクロシンチ40(Packard社製)を加えマイクロシンチレーションカウンター トップカウント(Packard社製)にて放射活性を計測した。対照群の取り込み量から基礎取り込み量を差し引いた値を100%とし、取り込み量の50%阻害する濃度(IC50値)を濃度−阻害曲線から最小二乗法により算出した。
その結果、本発明化合物は、強いNa−グルコース共輸送体阻害作用を示した。本発明の代表的化合物のIC50値は下記表1の通りである。
【0037】
【表1】
Figure 2004359630
【0038】
本発明化合物や、その製薬学的に許容される塩の1種又は2種以上を有効成分として含有する医薬組成物は、通常用いられている製剤用の担体や賦形剤、その他の添加剤を用いて、錠剤、散剤、細粒剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、丸剤、液剤、注射剤、坐剤、軟膏、貼付剤等に調製され、経口的又は非経口的に投与される。
【0039】
本発明化合物のヒトに対する臨床投与量は適用される患者の症状、体重、年齢や性別等を考慮して適宜決定されるが、通常成人1日当たり経口で0.1〜500mg、非経口で0.01〜100mgであり、これを1回或いは数回に分けて投与する。投与量は種々の条件で変動するので、上記投与量範囲より少ない量で十分な場合もある。
【0040】
本発明化合物の経口投与のための固体組成物としては、錠剤、散剤、顆粒剤等が用いられる。このような固体組成物においては、一つ又はそれ以上の活性物質が、少なくとも一つの不活性な希釈剤、例えば乳糖、マンニトール、ブドウ糖、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、微結晶セルロース、デンプン、ポリビニルピロリドン、メタケイ酸アルミン酸マグネシウムと混合される。組成物は、常法に従って、不活性な希釈剤以外の添加剤、例えばステアリン酸マグネシウムのような滑沢剤や繊維素グリコール酸カルシウムのような崩壊剤、ラクトースのような安定化剤、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸のような可溶化剤又は溶解補助剤を含有していてもよい。錠剤又は丸剤は必要により糖衣又は胃溶性若しくは腸溶性物質のフィルムで被膜してもよい。
【0041】
経口投与のための液体組成物は、薬剤的に許容される乳濁剤、溶液剤、懸濁剤、シロップ剤、エリキシル剤等を含み、一般的に用いられる不活性な希釈剤、例えば精製水、エチルアルコールを含む。この組成物は不活性な希釈剤以外に可溶化剤、溶解補助剤、湿潤剤、懸濁剤のような補助剤、甘味剤、風味剤、芳香剤、防腐剤を含有していてもよい。非経口投与のための注射剤としては、無菌の水性又は非水性の溶液剤、懸濁剤、乳濁剤を包含する。水性の溶液剤、懸濁剤の希釈剤としては、例えば注射剤用蒸留水及び生理食塩水が含まれる。非水溶性の溶液剤、懸濁剤の希釈剤としては、例えばプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、オリーブ油のような植物油、エチルアルコールのようなアルコール類、ポリソルベート80(商品名)等がある。
【0042】
このような組成物は、更に等張化剤、防腐剤、湿潤剤、乳化剤、分散剤、安定化剤、可溶化剤、溶解補助剤のような添加剤を含んでもよい。これらは例えばバクテリア保留フィルターを通す濾過、殺菌剤の配合又は照射によって無菌化される。これらはまた無菌の固体組成物を製造し、使用前に無菌水又は無菌の注射用溶媒に溶解して使用することもできる。
【0043】
【実施例】
以下、本発明(本発明化合物)を実施例によってさらに具体的に説明する。
なお、本発明化合物の原料化合物には新規な化合物も含まれているため、これらの製造例を参考例として記載する。
【0044】
参考例1
1−ブロモ−3−ジエトキシメチルベンゼン(6.7 mL)のTHF(30 mL)溶液に−78℃にてn−ブチルリチウムの1.6 Mヘキサン溶液(19.3 mL)を滴下し、1時間撹拌した。次いで2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジルグルコノラクトン(16.6 g)のTHF(30 mL)溶液を滴下し1時間撹拌した。反応液に飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥、濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル−n−ヘキサン)で精製して2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−1−C−[3−(ジエトキシメチル)フェニル]−D−グルコピラノース(15.8 g)を得た。
【0045】
参考例2
2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−1−C−[3−(ジメトキシメチル)フェニル]−D−グルコピラノース(15.8 g)のアセトン−水=2:1(200 mL)溶液にスルファミン酸(4.27 g)と亜塩素酸ナトリウム(4.97 g)を加え、室温にて24時間撹拌した。アセトンを減圧下留去し、残渣に水を加えて酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濾過した。濾液を濃縮し、3−[2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルコピラノース−1−C]−イル−安息香酸(17.0 g)を得た。
【0046】
参考例3
3−[2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルコピラノース−1−C]−イル−安息香酸(17.0 g)のジクロロメタン(100 mL)溶液にトリエチルシラン(8.3 mL)とトリフルオロ酢酸(2.0 mL)を加え、室温にて24時間撹拌した。反応液に水を加え、クロロホルムで抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル−n−ヘキサン)で精製し、3−[(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル]安息香酸(10.6 g)を得た。
【0047】
参考例4
3−[(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル]安息香酸(9.14 g)のTHF(80 mL)溶液に0℃にてオキザリルクロリドの2.9 Mジクロロメタン溶液(4.9 mL)を滴下し、DMF(1.0 mL)を加えて2時間撹拌した。次いで、N,O−ジメチルヒドロキシルアミン塩酸塩(39 g)、N−メチルモルホリン(3.2 mL)のTHF(10 mL)溶液を加え、室温にて1時間撹拌した。反応液を塩化アンモニウム水溶液に空け、ジエチルエーテルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル−n−ヘキサン)で精製し、3−[(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル]−N−メチル−N−メトキシベンズアミド(9.64 g)を得た。
【0048】
参考例5
3−[(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル]−N−メチル−N−メトキシベンズアミド(0.39 g)のジエチルエーテル(2.0 mL)溶液に0℃にて4−エチルフェニルマグネシウムブロミドの0.85 Mジエチルエーテル溶液(2.0 mL)を加え、室温にて1.5時間撹拌した。反応液を氷水に空け、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:n−ヘキサン)で精製し、(4−エチルフェニル)[3‐((1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル)フェニル]メタノン(0.34 g)を得た。
【0049】
参考例6
(4−エチルフェニル)[3‐((1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル)フェニル]メタノン(2.25 g)のジクロロメタン(20 mL)溶液に−78℃にて三塩化ホウ素の1.0 Mジクロロメタン溶液(61.3 mL)を滴下し、1時間撹拌した。反応液を氷水に空け、ジエチルエーテルで抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール:クロロホルム)で精製した。得られた残渣をピリジン(1.0 mL)に溶解し、無水酢酸(0.85 mL)を加えて室温にて時間撹拌した。反応液を氷水に空け、酢酸エチルで抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:n−ヘキサン)で精製し(4−エチルフェニル)[3‐((1S)−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−1,5−アンヒドロ−D−グルシトール−1−イル)フェニル]メタノン(1.07 g)を得た。
【0050】
参考例7
(4−エチルフェニル)[3‐((1S)−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−1,5−アンヒドロ−D−グルシトール−1−イル)フェニル]メタノン(0.45 g)のジクロロメタン(5.0 mL)溶液に1,2−エタンジチオール(0.07 mL)と三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテル錯体(1.23 mL)を加え、室温にて12時間撹拌した。反応液を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水、20%炭酸カリウム水溶液、飽和食塩水で洗浄後、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。濾過後減圧下溶媒を留去し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:n−ヘキサン)で精製し、(1S)−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−1,5−アンヒドロ−1−{3−[2−(4−エチルフェニル)−1,3−ジチオラン−2−イル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.46 g)を得た。
【0051】
参考例8
(4−エチルフェニル)[3‐((1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−D−グルシトール−1−イル)フェニル]メタノン(1.66 g)から参考例7と同様の方法で(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−1−{3−[2−(4−エチルフェニル)−1,3−ジチオラン−2−イル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.16 g)を得た。
【0052】
実施例1
参考例8で得られた(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−1−{3−[2−(4−エチルフェニル)−1,3−ジチオラン−2−イル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.16 g)のジクロロメタン(3.0 mL)溶液を−78℃にて70%HF−ピリジン錯体(2.4 mL)と塩化スルフリル(0.3 mL)のジクロロメタン(3.0 mL)溶液に滴下し、0.5時間撹拌した。反応液にフッ化カリウム(3.0 g)、アルミナ(3.0 g)、硫酸マグネシウム(2.5 g)を加え、セライト濾過した。濾液を濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:n−ヘキサン)で精製して(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−ベンジル−1−{3−[(4−エチルフェニル)(ジフルオロ)メチル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール (0.043 g)を得た。
【0053】
実施例2
参考例7で得られた(1S)−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−1,5−アンヒドロ−1−{3−[2−(4−エチルフェニル)−1,3−ジチオラン−2−イル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.46 g)から実施例1と同様の方法で(1S)−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−1,5−アンヒドロ−1−{3−[(4−エチルフェニル)(ジフルオロ)メチル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.46 g)を得た。
【0054】
実施例3
(1S)−2,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−1,5−アンヒドロ−1−{3−[(4−エチルフェニル)(ジフルオロ)メチル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.46 g)のメタノール:THF=1:1(6.0 mL)溶液にナトリウムメトキシド(37 mg)を加え、室温にて0.5時間撹拌した。反応液に陽イオン交換樹脂を加え、中和した後に濾過し、濾液を濃縮して得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール:クロロホルム)で精製して(1S)−1,5−アンヒドロ−1−{3−[(4−エチルフェニル)(ジフルオロ)メチル]フェニル}−D−グルシトール(0.19 g)を得た。
【0055】
上記参考例化合物、及び実施例化合物の構造式と物理化学的性状を表2〜4に示す。また、表5に記載する化合物は、上記実施例又は製造法に記載の方法と同様にして、又はそれらに当業者に自明の若干の変法を適用して容易に製造することができる。なお、表中の記号は以下の意味を有する。
Rf.:参考例番号、Ex.:実施例番号、STRUCTURE:構造式、Bn:ベンジル基、Ac:アセチル基、Me:メチル基、Et:エチル基、DATA:物性データ、NMR:核磁気共鳴スペクトル(TMS内部標準)、MS:質量分析値
【0056】
【表2】
Figure 2004359630
【0057】
【表3】
Figure 2004359630
【0058】
【表4】
Figure 2004359630
【0059】
【表5】
Figure 2004359630
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to pharmaceuticals, + A difluorodiphenylmethane derivative and a salt thereof, which are useful as a glucose cotransporter inhibitor. The difluorodiphenylmethane derivative and a salt thereof of the present invention are useful for treating insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), insulin resistance disease and obesity, and preventing them.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as an antidiabetic agent for rapidly normalizing hyperglycemia and simultaneously improving the energy balance in the body, Na which reabsorbs glucose in the intestinal tract and kidneys + -An agent that inhibits the glucose cotransporter (SGLT) (Na + -Glucose cotransporter inhibitors). Such Na + -Glucose cotransporter inhibitors are excellent therapeutic agents for insulin-dependent diseases, fatty liver and obesity, in addition to diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (type 2 diabetes); In addition, they are expected as excellent prophylactic agents.
[0003]
Conventionally, Na + Compounds used as glucose cotransporter inhibitors include, for example, Welch C.A. A. et al. , J. et al. Natr. , 1989, 119 (11) 1698, and, for example, Hongu, M .; et al. Chem. Pharm. Bull. Synthetic O-glycosides described in 1998, 46 (1) 22 and JP-A-11-21243 are known. These compounds are present in the intestinal tract and kidney + -It has been reported that by inhibiting the glucose cotransporter, excess sugar is excreted as urine sugar outside the body to lower blood sugar.
[0004]
However, these compounds are all O-glycosides in which a sugar and an aglycone moiety are linked by an O-glucosidic bond, and when administered orally, they are hydrolyzed by glucosidase or the like present in the small intestine, and their effects are diminished. There was a problem that would be.
[0005]
In the case of phlorizin, it is known that phloretin, which is an aglycone moiety, strongly inhibits the accelerated diffusion type sugar transporter. For example, it has been reported that administration of phloretin to a rat vein has a negative effect on a decrease in brain glucose concentration (for example, Stroke, 1983, 14, 388). In addition, phloretin is also known to inhibit the transporter of vitamin C (wang, Y et. Al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2000, 267, 488-494).
[0006]
Therefore, the C-glycoside obtained by converting the oxygen of the glucoside bond of the O-glycoside into carbon is converted into Na-glycoside. + -Attempts to use it as a glucose cotransporter inhibitor.
[0007]
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a compound represented by the following general formula is Na + It describes that it has a glucose cotransporter inhibitory effect and is useful as a therapeutic, preventive and hypoglycemic agent for diabetes.
[0008]
Embedded image
Figure 2004359630
(In the above general formula, R 1 Represents H, OH, a lower alkyl group, -O-lower alkyl group or the like; 2 Represents H, -COO-lower alkyl group or the like; 5 Is -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 OCOO-lower alkyl group or the like 1 Represents pyridine, furan, thiophene, quinoline, indole, etc., n represents an integer of 0 to 3, and m represents an integer of 0 or 1. Refer to the official gazette for details of symbols in the formula. )
[0009]
Patent Document 2 discloses that a compound represented by the following general formula is + -It describes that it can be used as a glucose cotransporter inhibitor for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes.
[0010]
Embedded image
Figure 2004359630
(In the above general formula, R 1 , R 2 And R 2a Is independently a hydrogen atom, OH, OR 5 , Alkyl, CF 3 , OCHF 2 , OCF 3 Etc., R 3 And R 4 Is independently a hydrogen atom, OH, OR 5a , -O-aryl, -O-CH 2 -Aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, CF 3 A is O, S, NH, or (CH 2 And n represents an integer of 0 to 3. Refer to the official gazette for details of symbols in the formula. )
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2001-288178 A
[Patent Document 2]
WO 01/27128 pamphlet
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years where diabetes is increasing as a lifestyle-related disease, in the field of treatment of diabetes and the like, the chemical structure is different from that of conventional compounds, and more powerful Na is used. + -The creation of glucose cotransporter inhibitory agents has been awaited.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have proposed that the benzene ring is difluoromethylene (-CF 2 The novel difluorodiphenylmethane derivative represented by the following general formula (I), characterized in that the derivative is bonded to another benzene ring via-) and the benzene ring is directly bonded to a sugar residue, Na + -It has been found that the present invention has a glucose cotransporter inhibitory action, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula (I) and a salt thereof (hereinafter, referred to as “the compound of the present invention”). The compound of the present invention contains Na as an active ingredient. + -It can be suitably used as a glucose cotransporter inhibitor, particularly as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for diabetes.
[0014]
Embedded image
Figure 2004359630
(The symbols in the general formula (I) have the following meanings, respectively.
R 1 ~ R 4 : Identical or different, hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, -C (= O) -lower alkyl, or -lower alkylene-aryl,
R 5 ~ R 11 : Same or different, hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, halogen, halogen-substituted lower alkyl, -OH, -O-lower alkyl, -lower alkylene-OH, -lower alkylene-O-lower alkyl, -O-lower alkylene-O -Lower alkyl, -O-lower alkylene-aryl, -O-lower alkylene-COOH, -O-lower alkylene-C (= O) -NH 2 , -O-lower alkylene-OH, -O-lower alkylene-C (= O) -O-lower alkyl, -O-lower alkylene-NH 2 , -Lower alkylene-OC (= O) -lower alkyl, -COOH, -NO 2 , -CN, -NH 2 , -C (= O) -O-lower alkyl, -SO 2 -Lower alkyl, or -SO 2 -Aryl,
Where R 5 And R 6 And / or R 8 And R 9 May bond to adjacent carbon atoms on the benzene ring to form a benzene ring together. )
[0015]
The compound of the present invention and the compounds described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are the same as those of the present invention except that two benzene rings have difluoromethylene (-CF 2 The structure is different in that they are bonded via-).
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention (the present compound) will be specifically described.
In the definition of the general formula in this specification, the term “lower” means a straight or branched carbon chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, unless otherwise specified. Accordingly, "lower alkyl" includes, for example, straight-chain or branched C such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl and isohexyl. 1-6 Alkyl. Among them, those having 1 to 3 carbon atoms are preferred, and methyl and ethyl are particularly preferred.
The “lower alkylene” may be a branched lower alkylene in addition to methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene and the like. Methylene and ethylene are preferred, with methylene being particularly preferred.
“Halogen” includes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and among them, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom are preferred. As the “halogen-substituted lower alkyl”, the above-mentioned lower alkyl substituted with the above-mentioned halogen atom can be mentioned, and particularly those substituted with a fluorine atom such as trifluoromethyl are preferable.
[0017]
“Aryl” means a 1 to 3 ring aromatic hydrocarbon ring group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. For example, phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl and the like can be mentioned, and phenyl and naphthyl are particularly preferable. As "-lower alkylene-aryl", benzyl and phenethyl are particularly preferred.
Also, R 5 And R 6 And / or R 8 And R 9 May bond to adjacent carbon atoms on the benzene ring to form a benzene ring together.
[0018]
Further, the compound of the present invention includes a mixture of various isomers such as tautomers and optical isomers and an isolated one.
The compound of the present invention may form an acid addition salt. Further, depending on the type of the substituent, a salt with a base may be formed. Specific examples of such salts include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid; formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, and fumaric acid. Organic acids such as acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid and ethanesulfonic acid; acid addition salts with acidic amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and aluminum Inorganic bases; organic bases such as methylamine, ethylamine and ethanolamine; salts with basic amino acids such as lysine and ornithine; and ammonium salts.
[0019]
Furthermore, the compound of the present invention also includes hydrates, various pharmaceutically acceptable solvates and polymorphic substances.
Note that, needless to say, the compounds of the present invention are not limited to the compounds described in Examples described later, and all of the compounds represented by the above general formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are included. Is included.
[0020]
The compounds of the present invention also include all compounds that are metabolized in vivo and converted into the compound represented by the above general formula (I) or a salt thereof, so-called prodrugs. Examples of the group forming a prodrug of the compound of the present invention include those described in Prog. Med. 5: 2157-2161 (1985), and groups described in Hirokawa Shoten, 1990, "Development of Pharmaceuticals," Vol. 7, Molecular Design, pp. 163-198.
[0021]
[Production method]
The compounds of the present invention can be produced by applying various known synthetic methods, utilizing characteristics based on the basic skeleton or the types of substituents. At that time, depending on the type of the functional group, it is effective in production technology to replace this functional group with an appropriate protecting group at the stage of a raw material or an intermediate, that is, a group that can be easily converted to this functional group. It may be. Thereafter, the desired compound can be obtained by removing the protecting group as necessary. Examples of such a functional group include a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, and examples of such a protecting group are described in "Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", 2nd edition, by Green and Wuts. Protecting groups can be mentioned, and these may be appropriately used depending on reaction conditions.
[0022]
Hereinafter, a typical production method of the compound of the present invention will be described.
(Manufacturing method)
The production method is as shown in the following reaction formula, where an addition reaction is carried out with a halobenzene derivative (1) and a lactone derivative (2) to obtain a compound (3), which is oxidized to obtain a benzoic acid derivative (4), and then reduced. To give a compound (6), amidation to give a compound (6), a benzophenone derivative (7) by a substitution reaction, leading to a dithioketal (8) at the carbonyl group, followed by fluorination to give a compound (I) And optionally deprotected to give R 1 ~ R 4 Is a method for obtaining a compound in which is a hydrogen atom.
[0023]
Embedded image
Figure 2004359630
(In the above reaction formula, R 1 ~ R 11 Represents the same as described above, X represents halogen, and Y represents lower alkyl. N means 0 or 1. )
[0024]
The addition reaction between the halobenzene derivative (1) and the lactone derivative (2) is performed in an inert solvent in the presence of an alkyllithium reagent such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, and tert-butyllithium. Specific examples of the solvent include ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and diglyme, and are appropriately selected depending on the type of the reaction substrate and the reaction conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -80 ° C to about 30 ° C.
[0025]
The oxidation reaction can be carried out by a conventional oxidation method, for example, a suitable acid and an oxidizing agent in a suitable solvent. Specific examples of the acid include sulfamic acid, and specific examples of the oxidizing agent include sodium chlorite. Specific examples of the solvent include acetone, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, water, and a mixed solvent thereof, and are appropriately selected depending on the type of the reaction substrate and the reaction conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -10 ° C to about 30 ° C.
[0026]
The reduction reaction can be carried out in a conventional manner, for example, in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable reducing agent and an acid catalyst. Specific examples of the reducing agent include triethylsilane, triisopropylsilane, tert-butyldimethylsilane, and the like. Examples of the acid catalyst include boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex, trifluoroacetic acid, and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. Can be Specific examples of the solvent include alkyl halides such as chloroform, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and diglyme; acetonitrile; and a mixed solvent thereof. It is appropriately selected according to the reaction conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compounds, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -40 ° C to about 20 ° C.
[0027]
The amidation is carried out by reacting oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride in a suitable solvent to obtain an acid chloride, and then reacting the acid chloride in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable base with N, O-dimethoxyhydroxylamine or the like. Reaction with an amine or in the presence of a suitable base in a suitable solvent and a condensing agent such as 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and a benzoic acid derivative. Preferably, the reaction is carried out by reacting an amine such as N, O, dimethoxyhydroxylamine. Specific examples of the base include triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the like. Specific examples of the solvent include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; amides such as dimethylformamide; acetonitrile; and a mixed solvent thereof. The solvent is appropriately selected depending on the type of the reaction substrate and the reaction conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -20 ° C to about 60 ° C.
[0028]
The substitution reaction is performed in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable nucleophile. Specific examples of the nucleophilic reagent include a Grignard reagent and an aryllithium reagent prepared by a conventional method. Specific examples of the solvent include ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and diglyme, and are appropriately selected depending on the type of the reaction substrate and the reaction conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -80 ° C to about 80 ° C.
The dithioketalization is performed in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable dithiol and a suitable acid catalyst. Specific examples of dithiol include 1,2-ethanedithiol, 1,3-propanedithiol, and the like. Specific examples of the acid catalyst include boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex, trifluoroacetic acid, and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. Specific examples of the solvent include alkyl halides such as chloroform, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and diglyme; acetonitrile; and a mixed solvent thereof. It is appropriately selected according to conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -40 ° C to about 30 ° C.
The difluorination is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable fluorinating agent. Specific examples of the fluorinating agent include a hydrogen fluoride pyridine complex, (dimethylamino) sulfur trifluoride, and tris (dimethylamino) sulfur (trimethylsilyl) difluoride. Specific examples of the solvent include alkyl halides such as chloroform, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and diglyme; acetonitrile; and a mixed solvent thereof. Is appropriately selected according to the conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -80 ° C to about 30 ° C.
[0029]
Deprotection is performed in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable base. Specific examples of the base include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide and the like. Specific examples of the solvent include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and diglyme; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol; acetonitrile; water; and a mixed solvent thereof, depending on the type of the reaction substrate and the reaction conditions. It is appropriately selected. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compounds, reaction conditions, and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about 0 ° C to about 100 ° C.
This deprotection may be carried out in the presence of a metal catalyst such as palladium-carbon, palladium hydroxide or platinum-carbon in a suitable solvent under a hydrogen atmosphere, or in a suitable solvent in the presence of a suitable Lewis acid. it can. Specific examples of Lewis acids include boron trichloride, boron tribromide, and aluminum trichloride. Specific examples of solvents include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; esters such as ethyl acetate; Alcohols; acetonitrile; mixed media of these are mentioned, and are appropriately selected according to the type of reaction substrate and reaction conditions. The reaction temperature varies depending on the type of the starting compound, reaction conditions and the like, but is usually from cooling to reflux, preferably from about -80 ° C to about 30 ° C.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
The compound of the present invention comprises Na + -It has a glucose cotransporter inhibitory effect and is effective for diabetes, particularly non-insulin-dependent diabetes (type 2 diabetes) and insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes). It is also effective for insulin resistance disease, obesity, fatty liver and the like. Remarkable Na of the compound of the present invention + -The glucose cotransporter inhibitory effect was confirmed by the following test method.
[0031]
[Human Na + -Glucose cotransporter (human SGLT2) inhibition test]
1) Construction of human SGLT2 expression vector
First, single-stranded cDNA was reverse-transcribed from human kidney-derived total RNA (Clontech) using Superscript II (Gibco) and random hexamers. Next, using this as a template, a human SGLT2 (Wells RG et al., Am. J. Physiol., 1992, 263 (3) F459) was subjected to a PCR reaction using Pyrobest DNA polymerase (manufactured by Takara). Was amplified (a primer was used such that a Hind III site was introduced on the 5 'side of the DNA fragment and an EcoRI site was introduced on the 3' side of the DNA fragment).
[0032]
The amplified fragment was cloned into a pCR2.1-Topo vector using a Topo TA Cloning kit (manufactured by Invitrogen), introduced into competent cells of Escherichia coli JM109 strain, and clones showing ampicillin resistance were identified as ampicillin (100 mg / L). ) In LB medium. A plasmid was purified from the grown Escherichia coli by the method of Hanahan (see Maniatis et al., Molecular Cloning), and a DNA fragment encoding human SGLT2 obtained by digesting this plasmid with HindIII and EcoRI was used to obtain an expression vector pcDNA3.1 (Invitrogen). Was ligated to the same site using T4 DNA ligase (manufactured by Roche Diagnostics) and cloned. The ligated clone was introduced into competent cells of Escherichia coli JM109 strain in the same manner as described above, grown in an LB medium containing ampicillin, and a human SGLT2 expression vector was obtained by the method of Hanahan.
[0033]
2) Preparation of cells stably expressing human SGLT2
The human SGLT2 expression vector was introduced into CHO-K1 cells using Lipofectamine2000 (manufactured by Gibco). After gene transfer, the cells were penicillin (50 IU / mL; Dainippon Pharmaceutical), streptomycin (50 μg / mL, Dainippon Pharmaceutical), Geneticin (40 μg / mL, Gibco) and 10% fetal bovine serum. In Ham's F12 medium (manufactured by Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 2 The cells were cultured in the presence for 2 weeks to obtain Geneticin-resistant clones. From these clones, cells stably expressing human SGLT2 were obtained by selecting the specific activity of sugar uptake in the presence of sodium relative to a steady level as an index.
[0034]
3) Measurement of methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside uptake inhibitory activity
The medium of the human SGLT2 stably expressing CHO cells was removed, and a pretreatment buffer (choline chloride 140 mM, potassium chloride 2 mM, calcium chloride 1 mM, magnesium chloride 1 mM, 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-) was added per well. [Piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid 10 mM and tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane 5 mM buffer (pH 7.4) were added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 20 minutes.
[0035]
Uptake buffer containing test compound (140 mM sodium chloride, 2 mM potassium chloride, 1 mM calcium chloride, 1 mM magnesium chloride, 50 μM methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] 11 μL of methyl-α-D- (U-14C) glucopyranoside (manufactured by Amersham Pharmacia Biotech) is added to 1000 μL of a buffer solution containing 10 mM of ethanesulfonic acid and 5 mM of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (pH 7.4), mixed, and incorporated. Buffer. An uptake buffer containing no test compound was prepared for the control group. Further, a buffer for basal uptake containing 140 mM choline chloride was prepared in the same manner in place of sodium chloride for measurement of basal uptake in the absence of the test compound and sodium.
[0036]
The pretreatment buffer was removed, the uptake buffer was added at 25 μL per well, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 37 ° C. for 2 hours. The uptake buffer was removed and the wash buffer (choline chloride 140 mM, potassium chloride 2 mM, calcium chloride 1 mM, magnesium chloride 1 mM, methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside 10 mM, 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl)- 1-Piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid (10 mM, buffer solution containing tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (5 mM, pH 7.4)) was added in an amount of 200 μL per well, and immediately removed. This washing operation was performed once more, and cells were solubilized by adding 25 μL of 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate per well. To this, 75 μL of Micro Scintillation 40 (manufactured by Packard) was added, and the radioactivity was measured with a micro scintillation counter top count (manufactured by Packard). The value obtained by subtracting the basal uptake amount from the uptake amount of the control group is defined as 100%, and the concentration that inhibits 50% of the uptake amount (IC 50 Value) was calculated from the concentration-inhibition curve by the least squares method.
As a result, the compound of the present invention shows strong Na + -Showed glucose cotransporter inhibitory action. IC of representative compounds of the present invention 50 The values are as shown in Table 1 below.
[0037]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004359630
[0038]
Pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient are commonly used carriers or excipients for pharmaceutical preparations and other additives. To prepare tablets, powders, fine granules, granules, capsules, pills, solutions, injections, suppositories, ointments, patches, and the like, and orally or parenterally administrate them.
[0039]
The clinical dose of the compound of the present invention for humans is appropriately determined in consideration of the symptoms, weight, age, sex, etc. of the patient to which the compound is applied. 01-100 mg, which is administered once or in several divided doses. Since the dosage varies under various conditions, an amount smaller than the above dosage range may be sufficient.
[0040]
As a solid composition for oral administration of the compound of the present invention, tablets, powders, granules and the like are used. In such solid compositions, the one or more active substances comprise at least one inert diluent, such as lactose, mannitol, glucose, hydroxypropylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, metasilicate. It is mixed with magnesium aluminate. According to a conventional method, the composition contains additives other than an inert diluent, for example, a lubricant such as magnesium stearate, a disintegrant such as calcium cellulose glycolate, a stabilizer such as lactose, glutamic acid, A solubilizing agent or solubilizing agent such as aspartic acid may be contained. Tablets or pills may be coated with sugar coating or a film of gastric or enteric substance, if necessary.
[0041]
Liquid compositions for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, elixirs and the like, and commonly used inert diluents such as purified water , Ethyl alcohol. The composition may contain, in addition to the inert diluent, solubilisers, solubilizers, humectants, auxiliaries such as suspending agents, sweeteners, flavors, fragrances, and preservatives. Injections for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, and emulsions. Diluents for aqueous solutions and suspensions include, for example, distilled water for injections and physiological saline. Examples of diluents for water-insoluble solutions and suspensions include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, and polysorbate 80 (trade name).
[0042]
Such compositions may further comprise additives such as tonicity agents, preservatives, wetting agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, solubilizers, solubilizers. These are sterilized by, for example, filtration through a bacteria retaining filter, blending of a bactericide or irradiation. They can also be used in the preparation of a sterile solid composition which is dissolved in sterile water or a sterile solvent for injection before use.
[0043]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention (the compound of the present invention) will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
Since the starting compounds of the compound of the present invention also include novel compounds, these production examples are described as reference examples.
[0044]
Reference Example 1
To a solution of 1-bromo-3-diethoxymethylbenzene (6.7 mL) in THF (30 mL) was added dropwise a 1.6 M hexane solution of n-butyllithium (19.3 mL) at -78 ° C. Stir for 1 hour. Then, a solution of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzylgluconolactone (16.6 g) in THF (30 mL) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. Ethyl-n-hexane) to give 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1-C- [3- (diethoxymethyl) phenyl] -D-glucopyranose (15.8 g). Obtained.
[0045]
Reference Example 2
Acetone-water of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1-C- [3- (dimethoxymethyl) phenyl] -D-glucopyranose (15.8 g) = 2: 1 (200 mL) Sulfamic acid (4.27 g) and sodium chlorite (4.97 g) were added to the solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Acetone was distilled off under reduced pressure, water was added to the residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give 3- [2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose-1-C] -yl-benzoic acid (17.0 g).
[0046]
Reference Example 3
To a solution of 3- [2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranose-1-C] -yl-benzoic acid (17.0 g) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was added triethylsilane (8. 3 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (2.0 mL) were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Water was added to the reaction solution, extracted with chloroform, and the organic layer was washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate-n-hexane) to give 3-[(1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,4. 6-Tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl] benzoic acid (10.6 g) was obtained.
[0047]
Reference example 4
3-[(1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl] benzoic acid (9.14 g) in THF (80 mL) To the mixture was added dropwise a 2.9 M dichloromethane solution of oxalyl chloride (4.9 mL) at 0 ° C., DMF (1.0 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. Next, a solution of N, O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (39 g) and N-methylmorpholine (3.2 mL) in THF (10 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction solution was poured into an aqueous ammonium chloride solution and extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate-n-hexane) to give 3-[(1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,4. 6-Tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl] -N-methyl-N-methoxybenzamide (9.64 g) was obtained.
[0048]
Reference example 5
3-[(1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl] -N-methyl-N-methoxybenzamide (0.39 g) To a diethyl ether (2.0 mL) solution at 0 ° C was added a 0.85 M diethyl ether solution (2.0 mL) of 4-ethylphenylmagnesium bromide, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction solution was poured into ice water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate: n-hexane) to give (4-ethylphenyl) [3-((1S) -1,5-anhydro). -2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl) phenyl] methanone (0.34 g) was obtained.
[0049]
Reference Example 6
(4-Ethylphenyl) [3-((1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl) phenyl] methanone (2.25 g) ) In dichloromethane (20 mL) at -78 ° C was added dropwise with a 1.0 M solution of boron trichloride in dichloromethane (61.3 mL), and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The reaction solution was poured into ice water, extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic layer was washed with brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (methanol: chloroform). The obtained residue was dissolved in pyridine (1.0 mL), acetic anhydride (0.85 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for an hour. The reaction solution was poured into ice water, extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with saturated saline and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate: n-hexane) to give (4-ethylphenyl) [3-((1S) -2,3,4,4). 6-Tetra-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol-1-yl) phenyl] methanone (1.07 g) was obtained.
[0050]
Reference Example 7
(4-Ethylphenyl) [3-((1S) -2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol-1-yl) phenyl] methanone (0.45 g ) In dichloromethane (5.0 mL) was added with 1,2-ethanedithiol (0.07 mL) and boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex (1.23 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction solution was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, a 20% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and saturated saline, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After filtration, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate: n-hexane) to give (1S) -2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1. , 5-Anhydro-1- {3- [2- (4-ethylphenyl) -1,3-dithiolan-2-yl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.46 g) was obtained.
[0051]
Reference Example 8
(4-Ethylphenyl) [3-((1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-D-glucitol-1-yl) phenyl] methanone (1.66 g) ) To (1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1- {3- [2- (4-ethylphenyl) -1] in the same manner as in Reference Example 7. , 3-Dithiolan-2-yl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.16 g) was obtained.
[0052]
Example 1
(1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1- {3- [2- (4-ethylphenyl) -1,3-) obtained in Reference Example 8 A solution of dithiolan-2-yl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.16 g) in dichloromethane (3.0 mL) was treated at -78 ° C with a 70% HF-pyridine complex (2.4 mL) and sulfuryl chloride (0 mL). .3 mL) in dichloromethane (3.0 mL) and stirred for 0.5 h. Potassium fluoride (3.0 g), alumina (3.0 g), and magnesium sulfate (2.5 g) were added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was filtered through celite. The filtrate is concentrated, and the residue is purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate: n-hexane) to give (1S) -1,5-anhydro-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-1- {. 3-[(4-Ethylphenyl) (difluoro) methyl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.043 g) was obtained.
[0053]
Example 2
(1S) -2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-1- {3- [2- (4-ethylphenyl) -1,3- obtained in Reference Example 7. [Dithiolan-2-yl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.46 g) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by (1S) -2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro. -1- {3-[(4-Ethylphenyl) (difluoro) methyl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.46 g) was obtained.
[0054]
Example 3
(1S) -2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-1- {3-[(4-ethylphenyl) (difluoro) methyl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0. To a solution of 46 g) of methanol: THF = 1: 1 (6.0 mL) was added sodium methoxide (37 mg), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. The reaction solution was added with a cation exchange resin, neutralized, filtered, and the residue obtained by concentrating the filtrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography (methanol: chloroform) to give (1S) -1,5-anhydro-. 1- {3-[(4-Ethylphenyl) (difluoro) methyl] phenyl} -D-glucitol (0.19 g) was obtained.
[0055]
Tables 2 to 4 show the structural formulas and physicochemical properties of the above reference example compounds and example compounds. In addition, the compounds described in Table 5 can be easily produced in the same manner as in the above Examples or the production methods, or by applying some modifications obvious to those skilled in the art. The symbols in the table have the following meanings.
Rf. : Reference example number, Ex. : Example number, Structure: Structural formula, Bn: benzyl group, Ac: acetyl group, Me: methyl group, Et: ethyl group, DATA: physical property data, NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (TMS internal standard), MS: mass Analytical value
[0056]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004359630
[0057]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004359630
[0058]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004359630
[0059]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004359630

Claims (1)

下記一般式(I)で示されるジフルオロジフェニルメタン誘導体及びその塩。
Figure 2004359630
(上記一般式(I)中の記号は、それぞれ以下の意味を有する。
〜R:同一又は異なって、水素原子、低級アルキル、−C(=O)−低級アルキル、又は−低級アルキレン−アリール、
〜R11:同一又は異なって、水素原子、低級アルキル、ハロゲン、ハロゲン置換低級アルキル、−OH、−O−低級アルキル、−低級アルキレン−OH、−低級アルキレン−O−低級アルキル、−O−低級アルキレン−O−低級アルキル、−O−低級アルキレン−アリール、−O−低級アルキレン−COOH、−O−低級アルキレン−C(=O)−NH、−O−低級アルキレン−OH、−O−低級アルキレン−C(=O)−O−低級アルキル、−O−低級アルキレン−NH、−低級アルキレン−O−C(=O)−低級アルキル、−COOH、−NO、−CN、−NH、−C(=O)−O−低級アルキル、−SO−低級アルキル、又は−SO−アリール、
但し、R及びR並びに/又はR及びRは、ベンゼン環上の隣接する炭素原子に結合するときは、一体となってベンゼン環をそれぞれ形成しても良い。)
A difluorodiphenylmethane derivative represented by the following general formula (I) and a salt thereof.
Figure 2004359630
(The symbols in the general formula (I) have the following meanings, respectively.
R 1 to R 4 : the same or different, a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, —C (= O) -lower alkyl, or —lower alkylene-aryl,
R 5 to R 11 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl, halogen, halogen-substituted lower alkyl, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —lower alkylene-OH, —lower alkylene-O-lower alkyl, —O - lower alkylene -O- lower alkyl, -O- lower alkylene - aryl, -O- lower alkylene -COOH, -O- lower alkylene -C (= O) -NH 2, -O- lower alkylene -OH, -O - lower alkylene -C (= O) -O- lower alkyl, -O- lower alkylene -NH 2, - lower alkylene -O-C (= O) - lower alkyl, -COOH, -NO 2, -CN, - NH 2 , —C (= O) —O-lower alkyl, —SO 2 -lower alkyl, or —SO 2 -aryl,
However, when R 5 and R 6 and / or R 8 and R 9 are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms on the benzene ring, they may form a benzene ring together. )
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