JP2004330062A - Pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulverizer for obtaining a product with desired characteristics corresponding to the alteration of the characteristics of a raw material. <P>SOLUTION: The pulverizer comprises a short cylindrical supply casing 4 closed in one end and having a raw material supply port 3 in the circumferential wall and a cylindrical first stator 5 installed adjacently to the other end of the casing and having recessed parts and projected parts reciprocally continued circumferentially in the inner side surface. The pulverizer further comprises a cylindrical and rotation speed-variable first rotor 7 fitted in such a manner of leaving a narrow gap in the inside and having recessed parts and projected parts reciprocally continued circumferentially in the outer side surface and a cylindrical second stator 14 installed adjacently to the other end of the first stator and having recessed parts and projected parts 7a reciprocally continued circumferentially in the inner side surface. The purlverizer further comprises a cylindrical second rotor 23 fitted in such a manner of leaving a narrow gap in the inside and having recessed parts and projected parts 23a reciprocally continued circumferentially in the outer side surface and a short cylindrical discharge casing 18 closed in the other end and having a product discharge port 17 in the circumferential wall. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fine pulverizer for finely pulverizing raw materials (substances to be pulverized) such as resin mixtures such as resins and toners, chemical products, minerals, metals, foods and chemicals into fine particles of 5 to 100 microns. In particular, it relates to a pulverizer having a two-stage rotor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type of fine pulverizer includes two types of pulverizing units, a first pulverizing unit including a pulverizer and a stator opposed thereto and a second pulverizing unit including a rotor and a stator opposed thereto. Are arranged coaxially in the vertical and vertical directions, and a radial crusher is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor of the first crushing section with a certain gap between the rotator and the stator opposed thereto. A protruding portion is formed on the outer periphery of the rotor at a certain gap between the rotor and the opposing stator, and a protruding portion is formed on the surface of the bus bar. A device provided with an outlet is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 59-19739
According to the above-mentioned fine pulverizer, a relatively large lump is pulverized in advance in the first pulverizing section, and fine particles are pulverized finely in the second pulverizing section. Properties can be significantly improved. At the same time, it is possible to save a great deal of labor of previously grinding the material to be ground to an appropriate particle size.
[0005]
Further, a rotor supported by the rotating shaft and having a concave portion and a convex portion parallel to the bus line alternately continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer surface, and a rotor fitted on the inner surface with a minute gap fitted outside the rotor with a small gap therebetween. In a fine pulverizer for finely pulverizing the raw material between a stator and a concave part and a convex part which are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction in parallel with the rotor, the rotor is divided into two or more stages, and from the lowermost stage on the raw material supply port side. There is also disclosed one in which the numbers of concave portions and convex portions are sequentially increased toward the uppermost stage on the product discharge port side (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0006]
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-5614 A
According to the above-mentioned pulverizer, the raw material sucked together with air into the pulverizing chamber between the rotor and the stator gradually decreases in particle size as the pulverization progresses, and the pulverized product exiting the pulverizing chamber has a micron size. The particles have a very narrow particle size distribution width on the order, and the average particle size becomes extremely small.
[0008]
Furthermore, a rotor provided on the rotating shaft and having a concave portion and a convex portion parallel to the generatrix on the outer peripheral surface alternately and continuously provided in the circumferential direction is divided into a plurality of stages, and the outer diameter is sequentially increased from the lower stage to the upper stage. Increase the number of concaves and convexes and increase the number of concaves and convexes, and the concaves and convexes parallel to the generating line are alternately and continuously fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor with a small gap therebetween. The provided stator is divided into a plurality of stages, and the inner diameter is sequentially increased from the lower stage to the upper stage, and the number of the concave portions and the convex portions is increased, and the space between the rotor and the stator is sucked together with air. It is also known that the raw material is finely pulverized by high-speed rotation of the rotor (for example, see Patent Document 3).
[0009]
JP 2000-15123 A
According to the above-mentioned pulverizer, even if the number of the unevenness of the rotor and the unevenness of the stator is increased in the upper stage, the outer diameter of the rotor, the inner diameter of the stator is increased in the upper stage, and the rotor and the stator are Since the micro-gap of the crushing chamber is almost constant, the cross-sectional area of the crushing chamber does not decrease, the flow velocity in the crushing chamber can be almost constant, or slightly reduced, and the passage time of the particles is almost constant in each part, or The length of the crushing chamber is longer at the upper portion, and the crushing process is sufficiently performed. Moreover, since the pressure loss of the airflow is small, it is not necessary to increase the size of the suction blower. Further, since the outer diameter of the rotor on the outlet side of the pulverizing chamber is large, the peripheral speed of the rotor is increased, which is effective for further pulverizing the fine particles.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in any of the conventional pulverizers, since the two-stage rotor is supported on the same rotating shaft, the number of rotations of the rotor in each stage becomes the same, and by changing the rotor diameter in both stages, Can be changed, but the ratio of the peripheral speeds of both is kept constant.
Therefore, for example, when an attempt is made to obtain a pulverized product (product) having a required particle size, the number of rotations of the rotor is specified to one according to the characteristics of the raw material, that is, the grindability (easiness of pulverization) and the particle size. The particle size distribution and production amount of the product are also determined by the determined rotation speed.
However, the effective peripheral speed of the rotor in each stage varies depending on the characteristics of the raw material and the required characteristics of the product (particle size, particle size distribution, particle shape, etc.) and is not uniform.
[0012]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fine pulverizer capable of obtaining a product having desired characteristics in response to a change in the characteristics of a raw material.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, a fine pulverizer of the present invention is provided with a short cylindrical supply casing having one end closed and a raw material supply port provided on a peripheral wall, and is connected to the other end of the supply casing via one end. A first stator having a cylindrical shape in which concave portions and convex portions parallel to the bus are alternately continuous in the circumferential direction on the inner surface; a first stator is inserted inside the first stator with a small gap therebetween; And a concave portion and a convex portion which are parallel to each other are alternately continuous in the circumferential direction, and have a cylindrical shape with both ends closed. The first rotor having a variable number of rotations is connected to the other end of the first stator via one end, and has an inner surface. A second stator having a cylindrical shape in which concave portions and convex portions parallel to the bus bar are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction; a second stator is inserted inside the second stator with a small gap therebetween; It has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed, with concave and convex portions parallel to A second rotor having a variable number of rotations, and a discharge casing having a short cylindrical shape, which is connected to the other end of the second stator via one end, has the other end closed, and has a product discharge port on the peripheral wall. It is characterized by.
[0014]
On the other hand, the first and second stators are preferably separable.
Preferably, at least one of the first and second rotors is capable of reversible rotation.
It is preferable that at least one of the first and second rotors is reversible.
Preferably, at least one of the first and second stators is reversible.
[0015]
[Action]
In the pulverizer of the present invention, the rotation speeds (peripheral speeds) of the first and second rotors can be individually set.
[0016]
The arrangement of the first and second stators and the first and second rotors may be either vertical or horizontal.
[0017]
The fine gap (pulverization chamber) between the first stator and the first rotor and between the second stator and the second rotor is preferably 5 mm or less. For example, when obtaining fine powder having a particle size of 5 to 20 μm, about 1 mm is preferable. desirable.
The minute gaps between the first stator and the first rotor and between the second stator and the second rotor may be the same or different. For example, when finely pulverizing a raw material having a large particle size, the fine gap between the first stator and the first rotor is preferably larger than the fine gap between the second stator and the second rotor.
[0018]
The outer diameters of the first rotor and the second rotor may be the same or different. For example, when obtaining fine powder having a particle size of 5 to 20 μm, the outer diameter of the second rotor is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the first rotor.
[0019]
The cross-sectional shapes of the concave and convex portions of the first and second stators and the first and second rotors are determined by the characteristics of the raw material and the required characteristics of the product. Combinations are preferred, and their depth is about 1-5 mm. For example, in the case of a coarse (square) raw material, the concave and convex portions of the first stator and the first rotor are preferably a combination of triangular cross sections.
The numbers of the concave portions and the convex portions of the first stator, the first rotor, the second stator, and the second rotor may be the same or different. For example, when obtaining fine powder having a particle size of 5 to 20 μm, the number of the concave portions and the convex portions of the second stator and the second rotor is preferably larger than the number of the concave portions and the convex portions of the first stator and the first rotor.
[0020]
On the other hand, since the first stator and the second stator are separable, each of the stator and the rotor can be cleaned.
[0021]
It is preferable that the supply casing and the first stator, the first rotor and the rotation shaft, and the like, the second stator and the discharge casing, the second rotor and the rotation shaft, and the like can also be separated from each other. Can be easily and reliably performed.
[0022]
Since at least one of the first and second rotors is capable of reversible rotation, the rotation directions of the first and second rotors are the same or opposite to each other. The speed change (acceleration) when moving from the crushing chamber to the crushing chamber by the second rotor and the second stator is reduced, while when the speed is opposite to each other, the object to be crushed is moved from the crushing chamber by the first rotor and the first stator to the second. The speed change when moving to the grinding chamber by the rotor and the second stator increases, and the impact force increases.
Further, when the cross-sectional shapes of the concave and convex portions of the rotor and the stator are symmetrical with respect to the respective generatrix and the crushing performance does not change due to the difference in the rotation direction of the rotor, the wear of the stator and the rotor becomes uniform. .
[0023]
Since at least one of the first and second rotors is reversible, when the transverse cross-sectional shape of the concave portion and the convex portion of the rotor and the stator is asymmetrical triangular with respect to the respective generatrix, the rotation direction of the rotor is changed. Can be supported.
[0024]
Further, since at least one of the first and second stators is reversible, when the transverse cross-sectional shape of the concave portion and the convex portion of the rotor and the stator is a triangular shape that is asymmetric with respect to the respective generatrix, the rotational direction of the rotor is Can be changed.
[0025]
In addition, it is preferable that at least one of the supply and discharge casings is reversible, so that when the respective material supply ports and product discharge ports are provided in a tangential direction, the rotation direction of the rotor is changed. Can be supported.
[0026]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an example of an embodiment of a pulverizer according to the present invention.
[0027]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a first base plate horizontally mounted on a gantry 2 to serve as a lid and a positioning member of a supply casing to be described later, on which the raw material M is supplied to the peripheral wall from the tangential direction. A supply casing 4 having a short cylindrical shape with flanges at both ends provided with a raw material supply port 3 for reversing (in FIG. 1, repeated up and down) is brought into contact with a flange at one end (lower end in FIG. 1). , Are positioned and mounted.
At the other end (upper end in FIG. 1) of the supply casing 4, concave portions and convex portions (not shown) parallel to the generatrix are alternately continuous in the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the peripheral wall having the same outer diameter as the inner diameter. A first stator 5 having a cylindrical shape with flanges at both ends, which can be inverted (in FIG. 1, repeatedly flipped up and down), has one end inserted into the other end of the supply casing 4 and one end flange connected to the other end of the supply casing 4. The first stator 5 is provided with a cooling jacket 6 for cooling the first stator 5 outside the peripheral wall of the first stator 5 by being brought into contact with the flange at the end to be positioned coaxially.
The inside of the first stator 5 has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed in which concave portions and convex portions 7a parallel to the generatrix are alternately continuous on the outer surface in the circumferential direction, and can be turned over (inverted up and down in FIG. 1). And a first rotor 7 having a length substantially equal to that of the first stator 5 is inserted with a small gap (pulverizing chamber) (not shown). The bearing is inserted through a bearing (not shown) into a cylindrical bearing housing 8 inserted into the first base plate 1 so as to be positioned at the axial center of the first base plate 1, and projects from the bearing housing 8 into the first stator 5. The shaft 9 is detachably supported at the end of the rotating shaft 9 via a substantially axially intermediate portion of the shaft center.
The rotating shaft 9 has a pulley (not shown) provided at an end protruding from the bearing housing 8 toward the gantry 2, and a variable rotation speed and reversible rotation mounted on the gantry 2 via an L-shaped bracket 10. The belt 12 is wrapped around a pulley (not shown) provided on the output shaft 11a of the first motor 11, which is linked to the first motor.
[0028]
Also, on the first base plate 1, two stator holding posts (not shown) are erected at point symmetrical positions about the axis of the supply casing 4, and on both posts, A substantially annular plate-shaped stator retainer 13 which is fitted to the other end of the first stator 5 and abuts on the flange at the other end presses the first stator 5 and the supply casing 4 against the first base plate 1 and presses them. It is bolted to maintain the airtightness of the connection part.
[0029]
At the other end of the first stator 5, a concave portion and a convex portion (not shown) are formed on the inner surface of the peripheral wall having an inner diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter and shorter than the first stator 5 and parallel to the generating line. ) Are alternately continuous in the circumferential direction, and the second stator 14 which can be inverted (in FIG. 1, repeatedly flipped up and down) abuts the flange at one end thereof with the stator presser 13, and By being connected to the stator presser 13 by a plurality of clamping means 15 such as bolts and nuts, it is coaxially positioned and airtightly connected to the first stator 5, and is provided outside the peripheral wall of the second stator 14. Similarly to the first stator 5, a cooling jacket 16 for cooling the second stator 14 is provided.
The other end of the second stator 14 has a short cylindrical shape with flanges at both ends provided with a product discharge port 17 for discharging the product P in a tangential direction on a peripheral wall having the same inner diameter as the outer diameter thereof. The discharge casing 18 which can be repeatedly turned upside down is coaxially positioned by fitting one end to the other end of the second stator 14 and abutting one end flange to the other end flange of the second stator 14. It is placed.
It should be noted that a suction blower (not shown) and the like are connected to the product discharge port 17.
At the other end of the discharge casing 18, a second base plate 19 also serving as a lid thereof is positioned and mounted by abutting on a flange at the other end of the discharge casing 18. A plurality of fasteners 20 such as bolts and nuts are used to press the second stator 14 and the discharge casing 18 against the second base plate 19 to maintain the airtightness of the connection between the second stator 14 and the discharge casing 18. While being fastened, it is pivotally supported on the upper end of a portal-shaped separation post 21 erected on the gantry 2 by a horizontal support shaft 22, and about 90 ° from a horizontal state to a vertical state around the support shaft 22. (See FIG. 2).
The inside of the second stator 14 has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed in which concave portions and convex portions 23a parallel to the generatrix are alternately continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer surface, and is inverted (in FIG. 1, repeatedly up and down). A second rotor 23 that is possible and has a length substantially equal to that of the second stator 14 is inserted with a minute gap (pulverization chamber) (not shown). A bearing (not shown) is inserted through a cylindrical bearing housing 24 inserted into the second base plate 19 so as to be positioned at the axial center of the bearing 18, and is inserted into the second stator 14 from the bearing housing 24. An end of a protruding rotating shaft (not shown) is supported so as to be separable through a substantially middle portion of the shaft center in the circumferential direction.
The rotating shaft is connected to a pulley (not shown) provided at an end protruding from the bearing housing 24 to the opposite side (upward in FIG. 1) of the second stator 14 and a support shaft 22 side of the second base plate 19. By rotating a belt (both not shown) around a pulley provided on an output shaft 26a of a second motor 26 capable of variable rotation and reversible rotation mounted via a T-shaped bracket 25, the second motor 26 and is interlockingly connected.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 27 denotes a second base plate rotation preventing member provided on the T-shaped bracket 25 so as to surround the second motor 26, and abuts against a stopper 28 provided on the separation post 21 to rotate the second base plate 19. 29 is a cover that covers the pulley of the second motor 26, the pulley of the rotating shaft, the belt, and the like.
[0030]
In the pulverizer having the above structure, when the suction blower and the first and second motors 11 and 26 are operated, the raw material M is supplied together with the gas into the supply casing 4 and the first rotor 7 is rotated at a high speed. After being crushed by impact, collision, and grinding action in the minute gap between the first rotor 5 and the second stator 23, the second rotor 23 and the second stator 14 are rotated at high speed separately from the first rotor 7. The particles P are finely pulverized by a striking, collision, attrition, and particle size adjusting action in the small gap therebetween, reach the discharge casing 18, and the product P is discharged out of the machine together with the gas.
[0031]
In the above-mentioned pulverizer, when the coarse raw material M is finely pulverized, the concave portion and the convex portion 7a of the first stator 5 and the first rotor 7 have a triangular cross section, and the concave portions of the second stator 14 and the second rotor 23 have the same shape. The number of the protrusions 23a may be larger than the number of the recesses and the protrusions 7a of the first stator 5 and the first rotor 7, or the inner diameter of the second stator 14 and the outer diameter of the second rotor 23 may be equal to the inner diameter of the first stator 5, The outer diameter of the first rotor 7 is made larger, or the rotation speed of the second rotor 23 is made larger than the rotation speed of the first rotor.
Further, when adjusting the production amount, the grain shape, the width of the particle size distribution, etc. of the product P, the rotation speeds (peripheral speeds) of the first rotor 7 and the second rotor 23 are appropriately combined according to the characteristics of the raw material M.
Furthermore, when the operation with less power consumption is performed, the rotation directions of the first and second rotors 7 and 23 are made the same, while when a finer product P is obtained, the rotation direction of the first and second rotors 7 and 23 is changed. Reverse each other.
Furthermore, in order to prevent uneven wear of the first and second stators 5 and 14 and the first and second rotors 7 and 23, the first and second stators 5 and 14 and the first and second rotors 7 and 23 are required. Then, the supply and discharge casings 4 and 18 are appropriately inverted, and the first and second rotors 7 and 23 are appropriately rotated forward or reverse.
[0032]
On the other hand, when cleaning the inside by changing the type of the raw material M, first, the connection between the second stator 14 and the stator presser 13 by the clamp means 15 is released, and as shown in FIG. Is rotated about the support shaft 22 to separate the first stator 5 and the second stator 14.
Next, the pressing of the first stator 5 and the supply casing 4 by the stator retainer 13 is released, and the first rotor 7 is detached from the rotating shaft 9, so that the first stator 5, the first rotor 7, the supply casing 4, etc. Can be individually cleaned.
Further, by releasing the fastening between the second stator 14 and the second base plate 19 by the fastener 20 and removing the second rotor 23 from the rotating shaft, the second stator 14, the second rotor 23, the discharge casing 18, etc. Individual cleaning becomes possible.
[0033]
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the driving of the first and second rotors 7 and 23 transmits the rotation of the first and second motors 11 and 26 via the transmission means has been described. The present invention is not limited to this, and may be directly performed by a built-in motor in which a motor rotor is directly incorporated in a rotating shaft.
Further, the first and second stators 5 and 14 and the first and second rotors 7 and 23 are not limited to a vertical arrangement, but may be a horizontal arrangement. In this case, the second stator 14 may be rotatable about the support shaft 22, or may be relatively close to and away from the first stator 5 along an extension of the axis of the first stator 5. .
Further, the raw material supply port 3 and the product discharge port 17 of the supply / discharge casings 4 and 18 are not limited to being provided in the tangential direction, but may be provided in the radial direction.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the pulverizer of the present invention, the rotation speeds (peripheral speeds) of the first and second rotors can be individually set, so that the desired characteristics can be adjusted according to the change in the characteristics of the raw material. Products can be obtained.
[0035]
On the other hand, since the first and second stators can be separated, the respective stators and rotors can be cleaned, so that it is possible to easily cope with the processing of different types of raw materials.
[0036]
Since at least one of the first and second rotors is capable of reversible rotation, the rotation directions of the first and second rotors are the same or opposite to each other. Since the speed change when moving from the crushing chamber to the crushing chamber by the second rotor and the second stator is reduced, the operation with less power consumption can be performed. The speed change when moving from the first stator crushing chamber to the second rotor and the second stator crushing chamber becomes large and the impact force becomes large, so that finer crushing can be performed.
Further, when the cross-sectional shapes of the concave and convex portions of the rotor and the stator are symmetrical with respect to the respective generatrix and the crushing performance does not change due to the difference in the rotation direction of the rotor, the wear of the stator and the rotor becomes uniform. Therefore, the service life can be extended.
[0037]
Since at least one of the first and second rotors is reversible, when the transverse cross-sectional shape of the concave portion and the convex portion of the rotor and the stator is asymmetrical triangular with respect to the respective generatrix, the rotation direction of the rotor is changed. Therefore, a reduction in crushing performance does not occur.
[0038]
Further, since at least one of the first and second stators is reversible, when the transverse cross-sectional shape of the concave portion and the convex portion of the rotor and the stator is a triangular shape that is asymmetric with respect to the respective generatrix, the rotational direction of the rotor is Therefore, it is possible to cope with the change in crushing performance, so that the crushing performance is not reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an example of an embodiment of a pulverizer according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the pulverizer of FIG. 1 in a state where a first stator and a second stator are separated.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st base plate 3 raw material supply port 4 supply casing 5 1st stator 7 1st rotor 7a recessed part and convex part 13 stator holding 14 second stator 15 clamping means 17 product discharge port 18 discharge casing 19 second base plate 21 separation post 22 Support shaft 23 Second rotor 23a Concave and convex portions M Raw material P Product

Claims (5)

A supply casing having a short cylindrical shape, one end of which is closed and a raw material supply port is provided on the peripheral wall, and a concave part and a convex part which are connected to the other end of the supply casing via one end and which are parallel to the generating line are alternately provided on the inner surface. A first stator having a cylindrical shape continuous in the circumferential direction, and a concave portion and a convex portion parallel to the generating line are alternately connected in the circumferential direction to be inserted inside the first stator with a small gap therebetween, and to be continuous in the circumferential direction. It has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed, and has a variable number of revolutions, a first rotor, and a concavity and a convex portion, which are connected to the other end of the first stator via one end and are parallel to the generatrix on the inner surface, in the circumferential direction. A second stator having a cylindrical shape that is continuous in the circumferential direction, and a concave portion and a convex portion that are inserted inside the second stator with a small gap therebetween and that are parallel to the generating line on the outer surface are alternately continuous in the circumferential direction. A second rotor having a cylindrical shape with both ends closed and having a variable number of revolutions, and a second stator It is continuously provided via one end to the end, mill, characterized in that it comprises a short cylindrical discharge casing provided with a product discharge port at the other end to the closure and and the peripheral wall. The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the first and second stators are separable. The pulverizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the first and second rotors is capable of reversible rotation. 4. The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second rotors is reversible. 5. The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second stators is reversible.

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