JP2004280127A - Head mounted type display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a head mounted type display device having high visibility and causing little fatigue, which realizes an ideal PC monitor. <P>SOLUTION: A virtual image forming optical system is arranged before either of user 2's left eye and right eye. Then, a partial transmission type light shielding plate 4 whose transmittance is smaller than 1 is arranged before the other eye. Furthermore, an optical axis 13 formed by the user 2's eye and a virtual image 14 is nearly aligned with the line of sight obtained when the user 2 views a horizontal direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a head-mounted image display device that enlarges an image formed by an image display element into a virtual image, and is particularly suitable as a monitor for a data display such as a personal computer or a word processor (hereinafter referred to as a PC monitor). The present invention relates to a wearable display device.

  Currently, head-mounted display devices have been proposed in order to respond to the demand for improving portability of video and data displays. As a typical example, USP No. No. 5,162,828, and a portable head-mounted display device has been commercialized as Virtual Vision SPORT. This is configured to enlarge a virtual image formed by a single liquid crystal display element with a lens and visually recognize the virtual image around the user's field of view, and is mainly a display for displaying images. It is unsuitable as a PC monitor for a reason.

  On the other hand, as a head-mounted display device for a data display, a glasses-type display described in JP-A-5-100192 is known.

  A general form of a data display using these head-mounted display devices is to arrange input means such as a keyboard near the user, wear the head-mounted display device, and input data above the input means. It monitors information. In some cases, materials and manuscripts for inputting information are placed around the input means for work, and a field of view for visually recognizing those input means and materials is secured below the head mounted display device. Is desired. However, the former technique forms a virtual image around the user's field of view as described above, and in particular, those which are commercialized have a configuration in which a virtual image is formed below the user's field of view. Therefore, the virtual image overlaps the visual field areas of the input means, the material, the document, and the like, which is extremely inappropriate for such a PC monitor. Further, if the user keeps looking at the periphery of the visual field in this way, the muscles that control the rotation of the eyeball will be kept in a tensed state, so that they are easily fatigued. In addition, this commercialized product requires observing a virtual image with an effective eye, but according to an experiment performed by the applicant described below, this is also a cause of fatigue. Further, since the partial transmission type light shielding plate defines an external view field and allows the entire field of view to be visually recognized through the partial transmission type light shielding plate, if this is used as a PC monitor, for example, a partial transmission type external light when viewing input means can be used. Since the transmittance of the light-shielding plate and the transmittance of the external light viewed by the other eye (the eye that does not see the virtual image) when viewing a virtual image are always constant, this is also described later. It has been confirmed by the applicant's experiments that this is the cause of fatigue.

  What has been proposed as a means for solving a part of the above-mentioned problem is the conventional technique described in the latter, which visually recognizes display information on a data display as a virtual image in front of a user and provides input means such as a keyboard below the user. In which a partially-transmitting light-shielding plate is configured so as to be visually recognized. However, since this technology is basically a so-called two-lens system in which images of two liquid crystal display elements are visually recognized with two eyes, the weight is inevitably increased, the cost is increased, the structure is complicated, and the portability is poor. Contradicts the essence of a PC monitor. In addition, since a fusion effect is required when viewing a virtual image, repeated viewing of the virtual image and the input means causes fatigue. Further, it is inevitable that there is a difference in image quality between the left and right liquid crystal display elements such as brightness and color, which also causes fatigue. Further, the front view during wearing is hardly secured, giving a sense of oppression and low safety. This means that the visual field area other than the virtual image is narrow, so that the workability while viewing the material or the document is extremely poor. Furthermore, no consideration is given to the difference in brightness between the monitor luminance and the luminance on the input means, which also causes fatigue of the pupil when repeatedly viewing the virtual image and the input means, which also causes fatigue.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to firstly realize a head-mounted display device with high visibility and less fatigue. Second, it seeks to maximize workability and safety by ensuring the maximum forward and downward vision during mounting. Third, it is to realize an ideal PC monitor that is lightweight, compact, low-cost, simple in structure, and excellent in portability.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a head-mounted display device according to the present invention includes a virtual image forming optical system including an image display element and an enlargement optical unit that enlarges an image formed by the image display element into a virtual image; An apparatus main body that houses the forming optical system, and is attached to the apparatus main body, holds the virtual image forming optical system so as to be movable in a substantially interpupillary direction of the user, and holds the virtual image forming optical system in one of the left and right eyes of the user. A switching means for arranging the image corresponding to one side, and displaying an image such that an optical axis formed by the virtual image and the eye of the user substantially matches a line of sight when the user looks in the horizontal direction. The device and the magnifying optical means are arranged.

  The switching means is idlely held by the apparatus main body, extends substantially in the interpupillary direction of the user, has a screw shape, and includes a shaft into which the virtual image forming optical system is screwed and fitted. Alternatively, the virtual image forming optical system has a shaft extending substantially in the interpupillary direction of the user, having a substantially cylindrical cross section, and frictionally fitting the virtual image forming optical system. Alternatively, the virtual image forming optical system is formed substantially in the direction of the eye width of the user, and includes a groove in which the virtual image forming optical system is frictionally fitted.

  At this time, a partially transmissive light-shielding plate having a transmittance of less than 1 may be arranged in front of the other eye for visually recognizing the virtual image. Further, it is more desirable to arrange a partial transmission type light shielding plate having a transmittance of 3% or less.

  The partial transmission type light shielding plate is preferably disposed within the thickness of the structure in which the virtual image forming optical system is disposed in the front-back direction with respect to the user's face. Further, the projection surface of the partially transmitting type light shielding plate onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the user's eye is substantially similar to a cross section of the virtual image field formed by the virtual image forming optical system, which is formed by the orthogonal plane. It is desirable that the areas are at least the same.

  Further, a control means for variably controlling the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate according to the peripheral illuminance on the outer surface side of the partial transmission type light shielding plate may be provided. At this time, it is preferable that the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is controlled to 3% or less, and it is more preferable that the transmittance is particularly increased so that the peripheral illuminance is 100 lx or less. In order to do so, the partial transmission type light shielding plate is characterized by comprising a polarizing element, a liquid crystal display element or a film type liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between deformable resins.

  Further, control means for variably controlling the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system below the apparatus main body at the time of mounting and in accordance with the peripheral luminance at hand of the user may be provided. The luminance of the virtual image forming optical system at that time should be substantially equal to the peripheral luminance, or when the head mounted display device and the input means are used together, the luminance should be substantially equal to the luminance on the input means. Alternatively, it is desirable that the relationship between the luminance and the peripheral luminance or the luminance on the input means be substantially proportional.

  The control means of the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system includes a luminance control of an illuminating means for forming an image display element, a polarizing element, a liquid crystal display element or a film type liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between deformable resins, and an electro-optical element. It is characterized by comprising a chromic element.

  Further, an angle formed between the upper end of the field of view below the structure on which the virtual image forming optical system is arranged and the line of sight when the user looks in the horizontal direction is 62 ° or less in the vertical direction.

  Further, when the present head-mounted display device and an input means such as a keyboard that require visual perception are used together, an image display element is used so that the distance at which the user perceives a virtual image is substantially equal to the distance at which the input means is visually recognized. And a magnifying optical means.

  The angle between the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the user's eye and the vertical line with respect to the user's face in the horizontal direction is -1 ° to + 5 ° when the convergence direction is plus, preferably 0. The image display device and the magnifying optical unit are arranged so as to satisfy {1}.

  Further, an illuminance (luminance) detecting means is provided on the lower side of the apparatus main body in accordance with the movement of the user's head when the user visually recognizes the virtual image and when the input means is visually recognized, respectively. Peripheral illuminance, and disposed below the device body and to detect the peripheral luminance at the user's hand, the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate according to the peripheral illuminance on the outer surface side of the partial transmission type light shielding plate, and (Or) The brightness of the virtual image forming optical system is automatically adjusted according to the peripheral brightness, and the adjustment is based on the relationship described in claims 11 and 17.

(Action)
According to the configuration of claim 1, the virtual image forming optical system can be arranged in either of the left and right eyes of the user, and the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the user's eye and when the user looks in the horizontal direction The virtual image can be visually recognized in front of one eye by making the line of sight substantially coincide with the line of sight. For this reason, the visual field of the other eye of the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image and the visual field below the virtual image visual field region of the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image are secured to the maximum. Therefore, input means such as a keyboard, documents, and documents can be sufficiently viewed, which is suitable as a PC monitor and high in safety. In addition, since the user can continue to view the virtual image in the most natural line-of-sight direction for the user who looks in the horizontal direction, fatigue is small. In addition, since the user can easily select an eye for visually recognizing a virtual image, the versatility and commonality are excellent, and the user can freely switch the left and right eyes for recognizing a virtual image at an individual judgement. . Further, since the image is monocular, there is no fatigue caused by the fusing action by the two eyes and the image quality difference between the left and right liquid crystal display elements. Further, as compared with the twin-lens type, it has a lightweight, compact, low-cost, simple structure, and is excellent in portability.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the virtual image forming optical system, which is screwed and fitted to the screw, is moved to the left or right by rotating the switching means which is idlely held by the apparatus main body, so that the virtual image forming optical system is very simply. The position of the system can be switched. In addition, since the virtual image forming optical system is moved substantially in the direction of the interpupillary distance of the user, the interpupillary distance can be adjusted. Therefore, since excessive eye movements can be prevented, eyestrain due to incompatibility with the user's eye width can be eliminated, and the structure of these adjustment mechanisms can be simplified.

  According to the configuration of claim 3, since the virtual image forming optical system is friction-fitted to the switching means of the cylindrical cross section, by applying a force greater than the frictional force to the virtual image forming optical system, the virtual image forming optical system can be easily formed. The position can be switched. In addition, since the cross section of the switching means is cylindrical, the virtual image forming optical system can be rotated around the switching means so that the depression angle can be adjusted.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the virtual image forming optical system is frictionally fitted to the groove serving as the switching means, the position of the virtual image forming optical system can be easily and stably switched.

  According to the configuration of claims 5 to 13, a partial transmission type light shielding plate having a transmittance smaller than 1 is arranged in front of the other eye for visually recognizing a virtual image, and the size of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is set to the virtual image visual field. Optimized at the same or higher than the area, and optimized the transmittance, ensuring the visibility of the virtual image under all illuminance conditions, as well as ensuring the maximum forward and downward view while wearing, and workability and safety Is increasing the character. For the optimization of the transmittance, an optimal solution for minimizing fatigue has been confirmed by an experiment described later.

  According to the configuration of claims 14 to 21, by optimizing the relationship between the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system and the luminance of the user's hand, it is possible to determine whether the user visually recognizes the virtual image and when the user visually recognizes the hand. It is also confirmed by experiments described below that the difference in brightness is reduced and the fatigue is minimized.

  According to the configuration of claim 22, since a field of view of 28 ° or more from the vertical line can be secured below the structure where the virtual image forming optical system is arranged, input means such as a keyboard is arranged at an ergonomically optimum position. It is possible to reduce fatigue caused by input work.

  According to the configuration of the twenty-third aspect, the distance at which the user perceives the virtual image and the distance at which the input means are visually recognized substantially coincide with each other. Can reduce fatigue caused by

  According to the configuration of claim 24, since the virtual image can be visually recognized in the most visible direction in monocular vision, the occurrence of fatigue is small even when used for a long time. This has also been confirmed by experiments by the present applicant.

  According to the configuration of the twenty-fifth aspect, the above-described optimization of the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and / or the optimization of the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system can be automatically realized. Thus, the main body of the apparatus is always adjusted to an optimum state, thereby reducing fatigue. When the user visually recognizes the virtual image and when looking at the input means at hand, the user rotates the head in the vertical direction, but since the device main body held on the head also works with it, the illuminance is displayed below the device main body. According to the present configuration in which (luminance) detecting means is arranged so that the illuminance in front of the apparatus main body and the luminance at hand of the user can be sequentially detected, the detection results are respectively compared with the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate. Feedback can be provided for optimizing the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system.

  As described above, the head-mounted display device of the present invention enables the virtual image forming optical system to be arranged in any of the left and right eyes of the user, and the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the user's eyes. The virtual image can be visually recognized in front of one eye by making the user substantially match the line of sight when looking in the horizontal direction. For this reason, the visual field of the other eye of the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image and the visual field below the virtual image visual field region of the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image are secured to the maximum. Therefore, input means such as a keyboard, documents, and documents can be sufficiently viewed, which is suitable as a PC monitor and high in safety. In addition, since the user can continue to view the virtual image in the most natural line-of-sight direction for the user who looks in the horizontal direction, fatigue is small. In addition, since the user can easily select an eye for visually recognizing a virtual image, the versatility and commonality are excellent, and the user can freely switch the left and right eyes for recognizing a virtual image at an individual judgement. . Further, since the image is monocular, there is no fatigue caused by the fusing action by the two eyes and the image quality difference between the left and right liquid crystal display elements. Further, as compared with the twin-lens type, it has a lightweight, compact, low-cost, simple structure, and is excellent in portability.

  Further, as a means for switching an eye for visually recognizing a virtual image, the virtual image forming optical system is screwed and fitted to an axis having an idle shape held by the apparatus main body and extending substantially in the eye width direction of the user and having a screw shape. By simply rotating, the position of the virtual image forming optical system can be switched very easily. In addition, since the virtual image forming optical system is moved substantially in the direction of the interpupillary distance of the user, the interpupillary distance can be adjusted. Therefore, since excessive eye movements can be prevented, eyestrain due to incompatibility with the user's eye width can be eliminated, and the structure of these adjustment mechanisms can be simplified.

  As another switching means, the position of the virtual image forming optical system can be easily switched by adopting a configuration in which the virtual image forming optical system is frictionally fitted to the cylindrical cross-section switching means. In addition, since the cross section of the switching means is cylindrical, the virtual image forming optical system can be rotated around the switching means so that the depression angle can be adjusted.

  Further, as another switching means, the position of the virtual image forming optical system is easily and stably switched by frictionally fitting the virtual image forming optical system into a groove formed substantially in the interpupillary direction of the user. be able to.

  In addition, a partial transmission type light shielding plate having a transmittance smaller than 1 is arranged in front of the other eye for visually recognizing a virtual image, and the size of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is optimized to be equal to or larger than the virtual image field area. Since the transmittance is optimized, workability and safety can be improved by securing the maximum forward and downward visual field during mounting while securing the visibility of the virtual image under all illuminance conditions.

  In addition, by optimizing the relationship between the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system and the luminance of the user's hand, the difference in brightness between when the user visually recognizes the virtual image and when the user visually recognizes the hand is reduced, resulting in fatigue. Can be minimized.

  Further, since a field of view of 28 ° or more from the vertical line can be secured below the structure in which the virtual image forming optical system is arranged, input means such as a keyboard can be arranged at an ergonomically optimum position. Can reduce fatigue caused by

  In addition, since the distance at which the user perceives the virtual image and the distance at which the input means are visually recognized are substantially the same, there is no need to adjust the crystalline lens in the repetition of the virtual image recognition and the input means visualization, resulting in a time lag of adjustment. Fatigue can be reduced.

  The angle between the virtual image, the optical axis formed by the user's eyes, and the vertical line with respect to the user's face in the horizontal direction is -1 ° to + 5 ° when the convergence direction is plus, preferably 0 ° to 5 °. By setting the angle to 1 °, a virtual image can be visually recognized in the most easily visible direction in monocular vision, so that fatigue is less generated even when used for a long time.

  Further, an illuminance (luminance) detecting means is arranged below the apparatus main body, so that the illuminance in front of the apparatus main body and the luminance at hand of the user can be sequentially detected in conjunction with the movement of the user's head. As a result, the detection results can be fed back to the optimization of the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system, and the optimization of the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and / or the virtual image Since the optimization of the brightness of the forming optical system can be automatically realized, the apparatus main body is always adjusted to an optimum state according to the use situation of the user, and fatigue is reduced.

  In each of the above-described configurations, by using a polarizing element as a means for controlling the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system, the adjusting means can be formed in the simplest and inexpensive manner. In addition, by using a liquid crystal display element or a film type liquid crystal display element as the means, the adjustment can be performed easily and inexpensively electrically, and particularly when a film type liquid crystal display element is used, the means can be formed with a free curved surface. can do. In addition, by using an electrochromic element as the means, it is possible to form the means with a small amount of light loss and a wide variable width. Further, by using the brightness control of the illumination means for forming the image display element as the same means, the intended means can be formed only by adding a simple circuit.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(Example 1)
1 and 2 are schematic views showing a first embodiment showing the principle of operation of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a side view, and these figures also show the arrangement of an internal optical system. Have been.

  1 and 2, the apparatus main body 1 has a virtual image forming optical system 3 in front of one of the left and right eyes of the user 2 and a partially transmissive light shielding plate 4 in front of the other eye. Have. Further, the virtual image forming optical system 3 and the partial transmission type light shielding plate 4 are connected by a structure near the center of the face of the user 2 and can be folded by a hinge 6 via a structure extending left and right from each. It is connected to the left and right temples 5 held. The apparatus main body 1 has a substantially eyeglass shape, and is supported by both ears and the nose, or both sides of the head and the nose, and is held on the head of the user 2 in the same manner as conventional glasses.

  The virtual image forming optical system 3 includes a liquid crystal panel 7, an image display element 9 including a backlight 8 for irradiating the liquid crystal panel 7 from behind, a reflection mirror 10, and a lens 11 serving as an enlargement optical unit. The optical path of the image light formed and emitted by the image display element 9 is converted by the reflection mirror 10, and is imaged in the eye 12 of the user by the lens 11. At this time, when the image forming surface of the image display element 9 is arranged on the lens 11 side from the object side focal point of the lens 11 and the eye 12 is arranged near the image side focal point of the lens 11, An enlarged virtual image 14 of screen information can be visually recognized on an extension of the optical axis 13 of the virtual image forming optical system 3.

  In FIG. 2, the optical axis 13 of the virtual image forming optical system 3 is the optical axis formed by the virtual image 14 and the eye 12 of the user 2. As is clear from the side view shown in FIG. This is substantially the same as the line of sight when the user 2 looks in the horizontal direction. Further, when this form is used as a PC monitor, according to the investigation by the present applicant, the horizontal angle of view of the virtual image is desirably about 30 ° to 40 °, and the vertical angle of view φ is 23 ° to 30 °. Equivalent to. Therefore, below the virtual image visual field area defined by the angle of view φ in the vertical direction, although there is a slight reduction by the virtual image forming optical system 3 strictly, the visual field (hatched area in the figure) for visually recognizing the outside scenery Are sufficiently secured as shown in FIG. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the virtual image forming optical system 3 is disposed only in one eye, and the front view of the other eye is originally secured, so that input means such as a keyboard, materials, documents, and the like can be sufficiently viewed. This makes it possible to operate the PC monitor while it is not only suitable as a PC monitor but also high in safety.

  In addition, since the user can continue to view the virtual image in the most natural line-of-sight direction for the user who looks in the horizontal direction, fatigue is small. Further, since the image is monocular, there is no fatigue caused by the fusing action by the two eyes and the image quality difference between the left and right liquid crystal display elements. Further, as compared with the twin-lens system, it has a lightweight, compact, low-cost, simple structure, and is excellent in portability.

  Table 1 is a table showing the results of subjective evaluation in order to compare the degree of fatigue between the case where the virtual image is visually recognized with the effective eye and the case where the virtual image is visually recognized with the eye other than the effective eye (hereinafter, referred to as the other eye). is there. The five virtual images forming optical system 3 described above was placed on the effective eye or the other eye for five test subjects, and a temporary input operation was performed using the assignment document. For comparison with the effective eye and the other eye, the results of arranging the partially transmissive light-shielding plate 4 in the other eye of the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image in a completely shielded and partially transmissive state are also shown for comparison. Regarding the degree of fatigue, A: no, B: somewhat, C: quite, D: hardly felt, stratified into 4 levels, the number of subjects is indicated by the number of ○ marks, and ● marks indicate work This shows the number of subjects who remained tired afterwards.

  According to Table 1, when the virtual image is visually recognized with the other eye, fatigue is reduced regardless of the form of the partially transmitting light-shielding plate 4 as compared with the case where the virtual image is visually recognized with the effective eye. . Therefore, by visually recognizing the virtual image with the other eye, it is possible to realize a PC monitor in which fatigue is further reduced in addition to the above-described fatigue reducing effect.

  FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of switching means for arranging the virtual image forming optical system 3 corresponding to one of the left and right eyes of the user 2. FIG. 3 is a front view in which a part of the apparatus main body 1 is cut away for explanation, and FIG. 4 is a side view thereof.

  3 and 4, the apparatus main body 1 has a virtual image forming optical system 3 in front of one of the left and right eyes of the user 2. The virtual image forming optical system 3 is held idly by the apparatus main body 1, extends substantially in the interpupillary direction of the user 2, is screwed to a screw-shaped shaft 15, and is held by the apparatus main body 1. The shaft 15 includes a screw portion 16 having a length capable of moving the interpupillary distance of the user 2 (the maximum interpupillary distance of an adult is said to be 72 mm) and cylindrical portions 17 formed at both ends thereof. Are fitted into bearing holes formed in the apparatus main body 1 and are held in an idling state with respect to the apparatus main body 1. Further, the apparatus main body 1 is engaged with the holding section 20 via the hinge section 19.

  The knob 15 is engaged with both ends of the shaft 15 and rotates by rotating one of the knobs 18 so that the shaft 15 rotates idly with respect to the apparatus main body 1. Moving to the right, the user 2 can easily switch the eye 12 for visually recognizing the virtual image. At that time, by providing the virtual image forming optical system 3 with a guide shaft 21 or a guide surface different from the axis 15 in a direction parallel to the axis 15, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be moved more stably. The user 2 can very easily select the eye 12 for visually recognizing the virtual image. Therefore, even if a plurality of users with different effective eyes visually recognize a virtual image with the other eye based on the above-described experimental results, it is excellent in versatility and common use. In addition, the user 2 can freely switch his or her left or right eye for visually recognizing the virtual image at his / her own discretion.

  By the way, since the axis 15 as the switching means extends in the direction of the user's eye 2 approximately, the virtual image forming optical system 3 moves in the direction of the user's eye 2 approximately. Therefore, when switching the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be simultaneously adjusted to the eye width unique to the user, so that eye fatigue due to incompatibility with the eye width of the user 2 can be eliminated. The structure of these adjustment mechanisms can be simplified.

(Example 2)
5 and 6 are schematic views showing another embodiment of the switching means in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a front view, and FIG. 6 is a side view.

  5 and 6, the apparatus main body 1 has a virtual image forming optical system 3 in front of one of the left and right eyes of the user 2. Further, the virtual image forming optical system 3 is fitted to a shaft 22 having a substantially cylindrical cross section fixed to the holding unit 20, and is frictionally held by a fixing screw 23. Further, the shaft 22 has a linear portion having a substantially cylindrical cross section long enough to move the eye width of the user 2 in the eye width direction of the user 2. In this state, when the fixing screw 23 is loosened, the frictional engagement state of the virtual image forming optical system 3 is released, so that the virtual image forming optical system 3 moves on the shaft 22 to the left or right of the user 2 and the user 2 can easily switch the eye 12 for visually recognizing the virtual image. After the virtual image forming optical system 3 is moved, the fixing screw 23 is tightened, so that the virtual image forming optical system 3 is stably and frictionally held on the shaft 22 again. Therefore, even if a plurality of users with different effective eyes visually recognize a virtual image with the other eye based on the above-described experimental results, it is excellent in versatility and common use. In addition, the user 2 can freely switch his or her left or right eye for visually recognizing the virtual image at his / her own discretion.

  By the way, since the shaft 22 serving as the switching means extends in the direction of the eye width of the user 2, the virtual image forming optical system 3 moves in the direction of the eye width of the user 2. Therefore, when switching the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be simultaneously adjusted to the eye width unique to the user, so that eye fatigue due to incompatibility with the eye width of the user 2 can be eliminated. The structure of these adjustment mechanisms can be simplified. Further, since the virtual image forming optical system 3 is friction-fitted on the shaft 22 having a substantially cylindrical cross section, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be rotated around the shaft 22, thereby allowing the user 2 to rotate. The depression angle can also be adjusted according to the line of sight in the horizontal direction.

  In addition, it is preferable to add a structure in which the effect of the elastic deformation of the holding portion 20 does not affect the shaft 22 at the connecting portion between the shaft 22 and the holding portion 20. Further, in this embodiment, the case where the virtual image forming optical system 3 is friction-fitted by the fixing screw 23 has been described, but the virtual image forming optical system 3 may be frictionally fitted by urging the virtual image forming optical system 3 to the shaft 22 using a spring. In this case, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be moved right and left only by applying a force equal to or greater than the urging force of the spring to the virtual image forming optical system 3, so that the operation such as loosening the fixing screw 23 is not required, thereby further simplifying the operation. it can.

(Example 3)
7 and 8 are schematic views showing still another embodiment of the switching means in the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a method for fixing a virtual image forming optical system.

  In FIG. 7, the apparatus main body 1 has a spectacle-shaped shape also serving as a holding part, and has a groove 24 formed in a part thereof in a direction substantially between the eyes of the user. As shown in FIG. 8, the virtual image forming optical system 3 has arms 25 and 26 for vertically sandwiching the apparatus main body in which the groove 24 is formed, and fixes the arm 25, the groove 24 and the arm 26 from below. It penetrates at 27. A fixing knob 28 is screwed to the upper end of the fixing screw 27, and the virtual image forming optical system 3 is frictionally held between the fixing screw 27 and the fixing knob 28 to the apparatus main body 1.

  In this state, when the fixing knob 28 is loosened, the frictional engagement state of the virtual image forming optical system 3 is released, so that the virtual image forming optical system 3 moves to the left or right of the user along the groove 24, and Can easily switch the eye for visually recognizing the virtual image. After the movement of the virtual image forming optical system 3, the virtual image forming optical system 3 is stably and frictionally held by the apparatus main body 1 again by tightening the fixed knob 28. In this embodiment, since the surfaces of the apparatus main body 1 and the arms 25 and 26 of the virtual image forming optical system 3 are in contact with each other, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be stably moved.

Therefore, as in the first and second embodiments, even if a plurality of users with different effective eyes visually recognize a virtual image with another eye based on the above-described experimental results, the versatility and the versatility are excellent.
In addition, the user 2 can freely switch his or her left or right eye for visually recognizing the virtual image at his / her own discretion. Further, the groove 24, which is a switching means, is formed substantially in the interpupillary direction of the user 2, and when switching the eyes for visually recognizing the virtual image, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be simultaneously adjusted to the interpupillary distance unique to the user. Therefore, eye fatigue due to incompatibility with the eye width of the user 2 can be eliminated, and the structure of these adjustment mechanisms can be simplified.

  The groove 24 is desirably formed linearly in the direction of the eye width of the user, but may be curved as shown in FIG. In this case, if an appropriate gap 29 as shown in FIG. 8 is provided between the virtual image forming optical system 3 and the apparatus main body 1, the virtual image forming optical system 3 can be rotated around the fixing screw 27. Therefore, the rotation of the virtual image forming optical system 3 due to the movement can be easily corrected.

(Example 4)
As described above, Table 1 is also a comparison table of the degree of fatigue due to the difference in transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate 4. According to Table 1, it is not clear when the virtual image is visually recognized by the effective eye, but when the virtual image is visually recognized by the other eye, the transmission of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is performed in the order of complete transmission <light shielding <partial transmission. It can be seen that the rate contributes to the reduction of fatigue. In particular, it was found that by using a partially transmissive light-shielding plate for partially transmissive viewing of a virtual image with the other eye and partial transmission to the other eye, little fatigue was felt. The present inventors presume the reason for this as follows.

  First, the information on the effective eye side is dominant in human visual effects, that is, because the sensitivity in the ocular nervous system including the cerebral nervous system on the effective eye side is high, and thus the highly stimulated virtual image information Is displayed to the other eye, fatigue is reduced. Second, the partially transmissive light-shielding plate that is partially transmissive suppresses a decrease in the contrast of the virtual image caused by the overlap between the virtual image and the outside scene, improves the visibility of the virtual image, and reduces fatigue. Third, when a virtual image and input means such as a keyboard are repeatedly viewed, if a partially transparent light-shielding plate of partial transmission is used, an appropriate amount of light is always incident on the eyes viewed through the partially transparent light-shielding plate. By doing so, the degree of expansion and contraction of the pupil is reduced, and fatigue is reduced. Fourthly, the partial transmissive shading plate, which is partially transmissive, appropriately secures the outside view in the front, so that the feeling of oppression during mounting is reduced, and the view and safety required for work are secured. Also contributes to reducing fatigue.

  Therefore, by arranging the virtual image forming optical system 3 in one of the left and right eyes of the user 2 and arranging a partially transmitting type light shielding plate having a transmittance smaller than 1 in front of the other eye, fatigue is reduced. And safety can be achieved.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view for explaining an arrangement position of the partial transmission type light shielding plate 4. The virtual image forming optical system 3 is disposed in front of one of the left and right eyes of the user 2 (the left eye 12L in the figure), the line of sight of the user 2 looking in the horizontal direction, and one eye 12L of the user 2 And the optical axis 13 formed by the virtual image 14 coincide with each other, and the virtual image 14 is visually recognized with a horizontal angle of view Ψ. At this time, if the other eye 12R visually recognizes the virtual image 14 as a real image, the horizontal field of view is a region indicated by a broken line in the figure. This is also considered in the vertical direction. In practice, the virtual image 14 is visually recognized only by the eye 12L, but it is considered that the same visual action is performed in the brain of the user 2. Therefore, by arranging the partially transmissive light-shielding plate 4 (or 4 ') having a size larger than at least the area shown by the broken line in front of the eye 12R, the user 2 can see the outside view of the virtual image 14 and the corresponding area. The virtual image 14 can be visually recognized without overlapping the images. The position of the partial transmission type light shielding plate 4 (or 4 ′) in the front-rear direction is within the thickness D of the virtual image forming optical system 3 in the front and rear direction with respect to the face of the user 2. 4, 4 'or any position therebetween, and by arranging the partial transmission type light shielding plate 4 within the thickness D of the virtual image forming optical system 3, the size of the apparatus main body can be reduced.

  As described above, the size of the partial transmission type light shielding plate 4 (or 4 ') needs to be changed depending on the arrangement position in the front-back direction. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the size of the partial transmission type light shielding plate. The partially transmissive light-shielding plate 4 (or 4 ′) does not necessarily have to be a flat surface, but may be a curved surface, but is projected onto an arbitrary orthogonal surface 30 of the optical axis 13 formed by the eye 12 </ b> L of the user 2 and the virtual image 14. It is preferable that the surface 31 be substantially similar in shape to the cross section 32 of the virtual image field region formed by the virtual image forming optical system 3 in the orthogonal plane 30 and have at least the same area. If this condition is satisfied, the blind spot area 33 of the eye 12R can be formed by the projection surface 31 (that is, the partially transmitting light shielding plate) around the virtual image 14 as shown in FIG. The virtual image 14 can be visually recognized without overlapping the outside scene image of the area 14 and the area corresponding thereto.

  As described above, the partial transmission type light shielding plate having a transmittance smaller than 1 is arranged in front of the other eye for visually recognizing the virtual image, and the size of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is optimally equal to or larger than the virtual image field region. By doing so, it is possible to secure the visibility of the virtual image as much as possible while ensuring the maximum forward and downward visual fields during mounting, thereby improving workability and safety.

(Example 5)
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an experimental result of a relationship between the peripheral illuminance and the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate. In this experiment, the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate was subjectively optimized for five subjects while changing the peripheral illuminance on the outer surface of the partial transmission type light shielding plate. Here, the optimized transmittance is a state in which the conditions described in the fourth embodiment are balanced, that is, the reduction in the contrast of the virtual image is suppressed, the degree of expansion and contraction of the pupil is reduced, and the compression during wearing is reduced. The transmittance is such that the feeling is reduced and the visual field and safety required for the work are secured. In addition, the illuminance around the horizontal axis is assumed to range from the illuminance in a light-off state in an airplane to the illuminance near a window in a room.

  Actually, a peripheral illuminance of 1000 lx or more is conceivable, but the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate tends to be saturated from around 500 lx as shown in FIG. Is preferably 3% or less. Also, when the ambient illuminance is 100 lx or less, it is better to increase the transmittance of the partially transmissive light-shielding plate as compared to when the ambient illuminance is higher than 100 lx. it is conceivable that.

As a method of controlling the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate, a method of configuring and controlling the partial transmission type light shielding plate with a polarizing element, a method of configuring and controlling a liquid crystal display element with a polarizing element, and the like can be considered. In the former case, for example, two polarizing sheets are rotatably superimposed, and the transmittance may be controlled by rotating and adjusting the angle between the transmission axes. Can be constructed at the lowest cost.
In the latter case, a liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between glass substrates, and in particular, a film type liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between deformable resins is preferable. Can form a partially transmissive light-shielding plate with a free curvature, and the degree of freedom in design increases. In any case, by using a liquid crystal display element, a partially transmissive light-shielding plate with variable transmittance that can be inexpensively and electrically controlled can be configured.

  It should be noted that the transmittance of the partially transmitting light-shielding plate is not limited to the method of controlling as described above, and the same effect can be obtained even if the transmittance is 3% or less and the transmittance is fixed.

(Example 6)
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an experimental result of a relationship between the peripheral luminance and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system. In this experiment, the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system was subjectively changed for five subjects while changing the illuminance around the user, that is, while changing the peripheral luminance below the apparatus main body at the time of wearing and the vicinity of the user. It has been optimally optimized. The optimized brightness is a brightness that is felt to be most visible when the virtual image and the user's hand are repeatedly viewed. At this time, the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate was fixed at 3% according to the fifth embodiment. Further, the peripheral illuminance of the user was set in the same manner as in Example 5, and the luminance at the user's hand at that time was simultaneously measured.

According to FIG. 12, although there is a slight variation in the inclination and the absolute value depending on the subject, it is found that the peripheral luminance and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system are clearly proportional to each other.
Further, when the pupil diameter of the subject was calculated from the luminance data, it was found that the pupil diameter was substantially equal between when the subject was looking at the virtual image and when he was looking at the hand. That is, this means that the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system and the luminance at hand of the subject are almost equal, and it is expected that the data in FIG. 12 is ideally a straight line of Y = X. Of course, when the input means operated while visually recognizing a keyboard or the like is operated near the user, the luminance at the hand is the luminance on the input means. In this case, the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system and the input It is considered that the above luminance is almost equal to the optimum condition. That is, as described above, when the virtual image and the hand are repeatedly viewed, the difference in brightness between the virtual image forming optical system and the user's hand or the input means placed at the hand is minimized. This is because it is minimized and the muscles that control it are also minimized.

As means for controlling the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system, a method using a polarizing element, a method using a liquid crystal display element with a polarizing element, a method using an electrochromic element, and a method by controlling the luminance of illumination means constituting an image display element And so on. In the former two cases, the method involves polarization. However, when the image light emitted from the image display device is linearly polarized as by the liquid crystal display device, the polarization is disturbed by the enlarging optical means at the subsequent stage. Therefore, it is desirable to install these means between the image display element and the magnifying optical means or between the liquid crystal panel and the backlight. When the first polarizing element is used, as described in Embodiment 5, two polarizing sheets are rotatably overlapped, and the transmittance is controlled by rotating and adjusting the angle formed by each transmission axis. However, in the case of an image display element which is linearly polarized as described above, only rotation by one polarizing sheet is required. In any case, this method is the most inexpensive method for adjusting the brightness. The case where the second liquid crystal display element is used is the same as that of the fifth embodiment. A liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between glass substrates is used, and a film in which liquid crystal is filled between deformable resins. The use of a liquid crystal display device improves the degree of freedom in design.
The advantage in this case is that the brightness adjustment by electric control can be configured at a low cost. When the third electrochromic element is used, there is no particular restriction on the installation position, and there is no need to use a polarizing element as in the former two cases, so that there is a high degree of freedom in design and a bright virtual image forming optic with the highest transmittance. A system can be realized, and the variable range of the transmittance is wide. In the case where the brightness control of the illuminating means constituting the fourth image display element is used, a specific control circuit will be described in a later-described embodiment 10, but the present invention is not limited to this. May be manually performed.

(Example 7)
FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a lower position of the virtual image forming optical system. As described above, the virtual image forming optical system 3 is configured so that the optical axis 13 formed by the eye 12 and the virtual image 14 of the user 2 substantially matches the line of sight when the user 2 looks in the horizontal direction. It is placed in front of the second face. In addition, an input means 34 such as a keyboard is arranged near the user.

  At this time, the positional relationship between the user 2 and the input means 34 is ergonomically recommended in the VDT work as shown in FIG. That is, the distance from the eye 12 to the tip of the input means 34 is about 320 mm, and the distance from the surface of the input means 34 to the eye 12 is about 597 mm as the maximum value for a male. At this time, the depression angle α when the eye 12 looks at the tip of the input means 34 can be calculated as a maximum value of about 62 °. On the other hand, the front view of the user is determined by the virtual image forming optical system 3, and the downward view is limited by the lowermost part of the structure of the virtual image forming optical system 3. In other words, the angle β between the upper end of the field of view below the structure of the virtual image forming optical system 3 and the line of sight when the user 2 looks in the horizontal direction is set to 62 ° or less in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the use. That is, the user 2 can visually recognize the input means 34 without being disturbed by the structure of the virtual image forming optical system 3. Therefore, with the above configuration, the input means 34 such as a keyboard can be arranged at an ergonomically optimum position, and fatigue caused by input work is reduced.

(Example 8)
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the distance when visually recognizing the virtual image and the input means and the like. As described above, the virtual image forming optical system 3 is disposed in front of the face of the user 2, and the user 2 visually recognizes the virtual image 14 at a distance A from the eye 12. The distance A at this time is referred to as a virtual image perceived distance. Further, when the user 2 visually recognizes the input means 34 such as a keyboard arranged near the user 2, the input means 34 is visually recognized in a state shown in FIG. The distance B at this time is referred to as a visual recognition distance.

  The user 2 adjusts the eye 12 to the virtual image perception distance A when viewing the virtual image 14, and adjusts the eye 12 to the recognition distance B when viewing the input means 34. Therefore, when the virtual image 14 and the input means 34 are visually recognized repeatedly, it is necessary to adjust the distance to each time, and it is considered that the higher the adjustment frequency, the greater the fatigue. Therefore, if the virtual image perceived distance A and the visual recognition distance B are substantially equal to each other, the adjustment effect in the repeated visual recognition becomes almost unnecessary, so that the fatigue caused by the repetition of the adjustment operation can be reduced.

The virtual image perceived distance A varies depending on the user's visual acuity and the position of the adjustment resting position, and varies depending on the user. It can be adjusted appropriately in the above.
For this purpose, the relative distance between the image display element and the magnifying optical means may be varied, and a mechanism for moving the image display element or the magnifying optical means in the respective optical axis directions may be provided. Further, the adjustment can be easily performed by adjusting the virtual image perceived distance A to the visible distance B while repeatedly viewing the virtual image 14 and the input means 34.

(Example 9)
FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the formation position of the virtual image in the horizontal direction, and Table 2 collectively shows experimental results for determining the position.

  Table 2 shows a virtual image forming optical system for five subjects, and subjectively determines a horizontal angle at which each subject can view without any load in the form of an allowable range and an optimum value. Each angle is an angle between a vertical line 38 with respect to the face of the user 2 in FIG. 15 and the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the left eye 12L in the horizontal direction, and the convergence direction as indicated by the optical axis 39 in FIG. Is indicated as plus and the opposite direction is indicated as minus. If the results of Table 2 are described with reference to FIG. 15, the single hatching 40 in FIG. 15 indicates the range from -1 ° to + 5 °, and the double hatching 41 indicates the range from 0 ° to + 1 °. 40 is an allowable range, and the range of double hatching 41 can be determined to be the most desirable area.

  When the optical axis formed by the user's eyes and the virtual image is arranged in these areas, the user 2 can visually recognize the virtual image without any load in the most easily visible direction in monocular vision, so that not only short-time use but also long-time use is possible. Also, the occurrence of fatigue is extremely small.

(Example 10)
A tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, a photosensor 35 as illuminance (luminance) detecting means is disposed below the apparatus main body, and the detection result is determined based on the optimum transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system. Feedback for optimization. As described above and shown in FIG. 14, the head of the user 2 is accompanied when the virtual image 14 is visually recognized and when the input means 34 is visually recognized. Therefore, the detection direction of the photo sensor 35 disposed on the lower side of the apparatus main body also switches between the direction 36 and the direction 37 in FIG. At this time, the detection result of the illuminance (the peripheral illuminance on the outer surface side of the partial transmission type light shielding plate) from the direction 36 in the photo sensor 35 when visually recognizing the virtual image 14 is input to the transmittance control of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and input. The detection result of the luminance from the direction 37 (the luminance on the input means 34) of the photo sensor 35 when the means 34 is visually recognized is used for the luminance control of the virtual image forming optical system 3, respectively. Based on the relationship described in Example 6, each can be automatically controlled. Therefore, since the optimization of the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and the optimization of the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system can be automatically realized, the apparatus main body is always adjusted to an optimum state according to the use situation of the user and used. The fatigue of the person is reduced.

  Note that, in the optical arrangement of the virtual image forming optical system as shown in FIG. 2, the position of the photosensor 35 is such that the back side of the reflecting mirror as shown in FIG. desirable. It is desirable that these control means are provided at the same time in order to reduce fatigue. However, even if any one of these control means is provided, the effect of reducing fatigue is remarkable.

  Next, an embodiment of a control circuit for automatically adjusting the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system will be described with reference to FIGS.

  16 (a) and 16 (b) show examples in which a liquid crystal display element is used for controlling the transmittance of a partially transmitting light-shielding plate. FIG. 16 (a) is a circuit diagram, and FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing the operation waveform. The photo sensor 35 includes a photodiode 42 and a lens 43. The lens 43 forms an image of the input light on the photodiode 42 to obtain a detection signal. This detection signal is amplified by the amplifier 44 and input to the minus terminal of the operational amplifier 45. On the other hand, a resistor 46 for voltage control is connected to the plus terminal of the operational amplifier 45, and a voltage corresponding to 100 lx is supplied. The operational amplifier 45 determines the magnitude of both inputs. If it is determined that the input illuminance on the photosensor side is brighter than the reference illuminance of 100 lx, the S1 signal is switched by the switch 47, amplified by the amplifier 49, and then amplified by the amplifier 49. 50 is input. Conversely, when it is determined that the input illuminance on the photosensor side is darker than the reference illuminance of 100 lx, the S2 signal is switched by the switch 48, amplified by the amplifier 49, and input to the liquid crystal display element 50. Assuming that the display mode of the liquid crystal display element used for the S1 and S2 signals is normally black and has an amplitude relationship as shown in FIG. 16B, the S1 signal is partially transmitted when the S1 signal is selected. When the transmittance of the mold light-shielding plate decreases and the S2 signal is selected, the transmittance of the partially-transmissive light-shielding plate increases, and desired control can be performed. Note that by increasing the number of selections of this signal, finer transmittance control can be performed.

  FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the brightness control of the virtual image forming optical system, which is based on the brightness control of the illumination means constituting the image display element. The detection signal from the photo sensor 35 described above is amplified by the amplifier 51 and input to the transistor 52, and controls the voltage of the driving circuit 54 of the fluorescent lamp 53, which is illumination means, according to the input voltage. As a result, the luminance of the fluorescent lamp 53 is controlled in accordance with the detection signal from the photo sensor 35, that is, the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system is controlled.

  When the above two controls are used in combination, a sudden change in the detection signal of the photo sensor 35 is captured, and it is determined that the detection direction has changed, or the movement of the user's head is mechanically determined. The detection signal of the photosensor 35 may be used to control either the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate or the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system.

  In each of the above embodiments, each component is not limited to the above content, and can be variously changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the operation principle of the present invention. The side view in FIG. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the switching means of the present invention. The side view in FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view showing another switching means of the present invention. The side view in FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing still another switching means of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a fixing method of the virtual image forming optical system in FIG. 7. FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining an arrangement position of a partially transmitting type light shielding plate of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the size of the partially transmitting light-shielding plate of the present invention. The figure showing the experimental result of the relation between the peripheral illuminance and the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate. The figure showing the experimental result of the relation between the peripheral luminance and the luminance of the virtual image formation optical system. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a lower position of the virtual image forming optical system of the present invention. The figure which showed the relationship of the distance at the time of visually recognizing a virtual image and input means. FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing a horizontal formation position of a virtual image in the present invention. 4A and 4B show an embodiment of transmittance control of a partially transmitting light shielding plate according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a circuit diagram, and FIG. 4B is a timing chart showing operation waveforms. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of luminance control of a virtual image forming optical system according to the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Device main body 2 User 3 Virtual image formation optical system 4 Partially transmissive light shielding plate 5 Temple 6 Hinge 7 Liquid crystal panel 8 Backlight 9 Image display device 10 Reflection mirror 11 Lens 12 Eye 13 Optical axis 14 Virtual image 15 Axis 16 Screw part 17 Cylindrical Part 18 knob 19 hinge part 20 holding part 21 guide shaft 22 shaft 23 fixing screw 24 groove 25 arm 26 arm 27 fixing screw 28 fixing knob 29 gap 30 orthogonal plane 31 projection plane 32 cross section 33 blind spot area 34 input means 35 photo sensor 36 direction 37 direction 38 perpendicular line to user's face 39 optical axis 40 single hatching 41 double hatching 42 photodiode 43 lens 44 amplifier 45 operational amplifier 46 resistor 47 switch 48 switch 49 amplifier 50 liquid crystal display element 51 amplifier 52 transistor 53 fluorescent lamp Light 54 drive circuit

Claims (25)

  A virtual image forming optical system including an image display element and a magnifying optical unit for enlarging a virtual image of an image formed by the image display element, an apparatus main body that houses the virtual image forming optical system, and the virtual image attached to the apparatus main body, A switching unit for holding the forming optical system so as to be movable in a substantially eye width direction of a user and arranging the virtual image forming optical system in correspondence with one of left and right eyes of the user; And a head-mounted display in which the image display element and the magnifying optical means are arranged so that the optical axis formed by the user and the eyes of the user substantially matches the line of sight when the user looks in the horizontal direction. apparatus.   2. The head according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit is idled and held by the apparatus main body, extends substantially in the interpupillary direction of the user, has a screw shape, and includes a shaft into which the virtual image forming optical system is screwed and fitted. 3. Part-mounted display device.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching means has a substantially cylindrical cross-section extending in a direction substantially parallel to the user's eye width, and a shaft to which the virtual image forming optical system is friction-fitted.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching means is formed substantially in the direction of the interpupillary distance of the user, and includes a groove into which the virtual image forming optical system is frictionally fitted.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 1, further comprising a partially-transmitting light-shielding plate provided in front of the other eye for visually recognizing the virtual image and having a transmittance of less than 1.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 5, wherein the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is 3% or less.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 5, wherein the partial transmission type light shielding plate is disposed within a thickness of the structure in which the virtual image forming optical system is disposed in a front-rear direction with respect to a user's face.   The plane of projection of the partial transmission type light shielding plate onto a plane orthogonal to the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the user's eye is substantially similar to a cross section of the virtual image field formed by the virtual image forming optical system, which is formed by the orthogonal plane. The head-mounted display device according to claim 5, wherein the head-mounted display device has a shape and has at least the same area.   6. The head mounted display according to claim 5, further comprising control means for variably controlling the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate according to the peripheral illuminance on the outer surface side of the partial transmission type light shielding plate.   10. The head-mounted display device according to claim 9, wherein the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is controlled to 3% or less.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 10, wherein the transmittance of the partial transmission type light shielding plate is controlled so as to increase when the peripheral illuminance is 100 lx or less.   The head-mounted display device according to claim 9, wherein the partial transmission type light shielding plate comprises a polarizing element.   10. The head mounted display according to claim 9, wherein the partial transmission type light shielding plate comprises a liquid crystal display element or a film type liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between deformable resins.   2. The head mounted display according to claim 1, further comprising control means for variably controlling the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system below the apparatus main body at the time of mounting and according to the peripheral luminance at hand of a user. apparatus.   15. The head mounted display according to claim 14, wherein the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system is controlled so as to substantially match the peripheral brightness.   When the head-mounted display device is used in combination with an input means that requires vision such as a keyboard, the peripheral luminance is the luminance on the input means, and the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system is substantially equal to the luminance on the input means. 15. The head-mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein the head-mounted display device is controlled so as to match.   15. The head mounted display according to claim 14, wherein the luminance of the virtual image forming optical system and the peripheral luminance are controlled so as to be in a substantially proportional relationship.   15. The head-mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein the control means for variably controlling the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system includes brightness control of a lighting means forming an image display element.   15. The head mounted display according to claim 14, wherein the control means for variably controlling the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system comprises a polarizing element.   15. The head according to claim 14, wherein the control means for variably controlling the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system comprises a liquid crystal display element or a film type liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is filled between deformable resins. Wearable display device.   15. The head-mounted display device according to claim 14, wherein the control means for variably controlling the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system comprises an electrochromic element.   2. The head according to claim 1, wherein an angle between an upper end of a field of view below the structure on which the virtual image forming optical system is arranged and a line of sight when a user looks in a horizontal direction is 62 ° or less in a vertical direction. Wearable display device.   When the head-mounted display device is used in combination with an input means that requires vision, such as a keyboard, the image display element and the image display element so that the distance at which the user perceives the virtual image and the distance at which the input means are visually recognized are substantially equal. The head-mounted display device according to claim 1, wherein the magnifying optical unit is arranged.   The angle between the optical axis formed by the virtual image and the user's eye and the vertical line to the user's face in the horizontal direction is -1 ° to + 5 ° when the convergence direction is plus, preferably 0 °. The head-mounted display device according to claim 1, wherein the image display element and the magnifying optical unit are arranged so as to satisfy ゜ 1 ゜.   An illuminance (luminance) detecting means is provided below the main body of the apparatus, and an outer surface of the partially transmitting light-shielding plate is provided in accordance with the movement of the user's head when the user views the virtual image and the input means. Side partial illuminance and the peripheral illuminance below the apparatus main body and at the user's hand are arranged to detect the peripheral illuminance. 18. The transmittance of (i) and / or the brightness of the virtual image forming optical system according to the peripheral brightness are automatically adjusted according to the relationship described in (11) and / or (17). 15. The head-mounted display device according to 9 or 14.

Images