JP2004006026A - Optical disk and optical disk driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical disk and its driving device by which a physical position of a target sector on a disk can be easily and quickly found in accordance with an address given from the outside. <P>SOLUTION: This optical disk is provided with optical disk attribute information showing whether or not it is allowed to rewrite, a recording area composed of a plurality of sectors and logical tracks composed of the n-th power (n is an integer) of 2 sectors. Each of the sectors includes a header area recorded with an address being a consecutive number using binary numbers, has the same length independently of the attribute. The number of sectors in the logical tracks is fixed independently of the attribute. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

The present invention relates to an optical disk in which data is read and written by being driven to rotate at a constant angular velocity, and in particular, the recording surface is divided into a plurality of zones, and writing and reading are performed by using a higher frequency clock in an outer zone. The present invention also relates to an optical disk in which the recording linear density is substantially constant on the inner and outer peripheral sides of the disk.

The present invention also relates to an optical disc that can be used as a different type of recording medium for each zone, and that can change the setting of the type of medium in each zone.

The present invention further relates to a drive device used for writing and reading on the optical disk as described above, and a method for writing and reading on the optical disk.

As a conventional optical disk of this type, there is an optical disk of 1 GB on one side having a format proposed in ECMA / TC31 / 92/36. According to this proposal, the recording surface of the optical disk is equally distributed in a plurality of zones by its radial position, that is, by one or more circumferential boundaries, that is, the number of physical tracks in each zone is the same. So that it is divided. The number of zones differs depending on the sector size. For example, 512 bytes / sector is divided into 54 zones, and 1024 bytes / sector is divided into 30 zones.

Each physical track has an integer number of sectors. Within each zone, the number of sectors in each track is the same. The outer zone has more sectors in each track.

Also, depending on whether or not writing is possible, the R / W type that can be written any number of times, the WO type that can be written only once, and data that has been written in advance during disc production, There is an O-ROM type that cannot be used.

In a conventional optical disk, the number of sectors in one track differs for each zone. For example, when a linear (consecutive integer) logical address is given from a higher-level device as a SCSI device, the physical position of the target sector is determined. The algorithm to find out becomes complicated. Also, the data part of the sector in the outermost or innermost physical track of each zone may be adjacent to the header part of the sector of the innermost or outermost physical track of the adjacent zone, and as a result, the header There is a problem that the influence of crosstalk from the unit may be large. This is because the information in the data portion is written magneto-optically, while the information in the header portion is written in the form of pits, and the data in the header portion has a higher modulation factor. In each zone, the header portions are adjacent to each other and the data portions are adjacent to each other, and the header portion and the data portion are not adjacent to each other. Therefore, such a problem of crosstalk is small.

As described above, optical disks are classified into R / W type, WO type, and O-ROM type, and it is desired that these are mixed on the same disk to expand the use of the optical disk. Conventionally, however, there is only a P-ROM type having an R / W type memory area and an O-ROM type memory area on one disk.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an optical disk capable of easily and quickly finding the physical position of a target sector on a disk in accordance with an externally provided address. The purpose is to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to eliminate errors or disturbances in reproduced signals due to crosstalk between tracks located near boundaries between adjacent zones.

Another object of the present invention is to mix recording areas of different types on one optical disc to expand its use.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a drive device used for driving the optical disk as described above and a method for reading and writing the optical disk.

The optical disk of the present invention is configured by attribute information of the optical disk indicating whether rewriting is permitted or not, a recording area including a plurality of sectors, and 2 n (n is an integer) sectors. An optical disk comprising logical tracks, wherein each of the sectors has a same length regardless of the attribute, including a header area in which an address which is a serial number using a binary number is recorded; The number of sectors in the logical track is constant irrespective of the attribute.
The optical disk drive for driving the optical disk includes means for reading the attribute information of the optical disk, and extracting a predetermined number of bits from the start of the address of each sector to specify the address of the logical track containing the sector. Have means to do so.
The optical disk drive for driving the optical disk includes means for reading the attribute information of the optical disk, and specifies the position of the sector in the logical track by extracting a predetermined number of bits from the end of the address of each sector. Having means.

According to the present invention, the physical position of a target sector on a disk can be easily and quickly determined according to an externally provided address.

Example 1
First, an optical disc according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 are diagrams showing the configuration of the optical disc according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The guide groove 1 is formed in a spiral shape on the optical disc 2 in advance. The light spot 3 irradiates the land portion 12 between the guide grooves 1 by converging light from a light source (not shown) by an optical system (not shown). The header section 4 includes a sector address 5 and a track address 6. The header section 4 is composed of pits formed on the land section 12 by embossing or stamping, and is formed at the time of disk production. That is, it is preformatted. On the other hand, in the data section 7, data is written and read magneto-optically. The information in the header section 4 and the data in the data section 7 written in the form of pits are read by the same light beam. The header 8 and the data part 7 constitute a sector 8.

Each physical track 9 corresponds to one rotation of the optical disk 2 and is divided into an integer number of sectors. Integral physical tracks form zones 10, 10a, 10b, and 10c. That is, the normal recording area (user zone) on the recording surface of the optical disc 2 is divided into a plurality of zones by a plurality of concentric circles centered on the center of the optical disc, and each of the physical tracks 9 in the recording area is Belongs to the zone. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, it is divided into 31 zones (from zone # 0 to zone # 30). The outermost zone # 0 and the innermost zone # 30 are composed of 741 physical tracks, and the other zones are composed of 740 physical tracks. The outermost zone 10a has the largest number of sectors, and the innermost zone has fewer sectors. The difference in the number of sectors per physical track between adjacent zones is one or more, and is one in the illustrated example.

In use, the disk is driven to rotate at a constant angular speed regardless of which zone of the disk the write / read head is accessing.

In order to keep the recording linear density substantially constant over the entire recording area (user area) of the disc, the frequency of the clock used for recording is changed or switched according to which zone data is to be recorded. Use higher frequencies.

During reading, the clock frequency is switched when the write / read head moves from one zone to another.

As shown in FIG. 4, the innermost track 11b of the zone 10b and the outermost track 11c of the zone 10c are different in the number of sectors constituting one physical track, so that the track header 4-1 of the track 11b and the track 11c A part of the data part 7-2, a header part 4-2 of the track 11c and a part of the data part 7-1 of the track 11b are adjacent to each other.

In the physical structure as described above, a logical track is formed by an integer number of sectors, and a rotation group is formed by an integer number of logical tracks. In the illustrated example, each logical track is composed of 17 sectors. Each sector has a length of 1024 bytes. Each rotating group corresponds to each zone, and the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge of each rotating group substantially correspond to the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge of the corresponding zone, respectively.
Hereinafter, the correspondence relationship between each zone and a rotation group, the relationship between the number of physical tracks in each zone and the number of logical tracks in each rotation group, and the like will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 5, the symbols at the top of each column have the following meanings.

ZN: Zone number S / R: Number of sectors per rotation (1 physical track) PT / Z: Number of physical tracks in the relevant zone S / Z: Number of sectors in the relevant zone: S / R × PT / Z
ΣS / Z: Total number of sectors (S / Z) in each zone LT / G: Number of logical tracks in the corresponding rotation group ΔLT / G: Difference S / G in number of logical tracks (LT / G) between adjacent rotation groups : Number of sectors in the corresponding rotation group: LT / G × 17
ΣS / G: Total number of sectors (S / G) of each rotation group D の S: Difference between total number of sectors of each zone and total number of sectors of each rotation group: ΣS / G−ΣS / Z
A plurality of logical tracks are collected to form one rotation group. Each rotation group corresponds to each zone. The number of logical tracks constituting each rotation group is determined so that the number of sectors belonging to each rotation group is substantially equal to the number of sectors belonging to the corresponding zone. As a result, the start point and end point (represented by the value of ΔS / G) of each rotation group do not always coincide with the start point and end point (represented by the value of ΔS / Z) of the corresponding zone, and a displacement of several sectors occurs. . The beginning of the first rotation group coincides with the beginning of the first zone. The total difference (right end column: represented by the value of DΣS) in FIG. 5 represents the deviation between the start point and the end point, and is the sector of the last part of each rotation group, not the corresponding zone but the corresponding zone. Indicates the number of objects located in the next zone. Of the sectors in the last rotation group, those that protrude from the last zone (12 sectors in the illustrated example) are formed in a spare area (provided inside the innermost zone) on the recording surface.

In a disk on which logical tracks are arranged in this manner, the track address and sector address written in the header of the disk directly correspond to linear (expressed by one-dimensional continuous integers) logical addresses from a host device. Therefore, there is an advantage that the actual sector address and track address can be calculated by a simple integer operation. If the zone is different, the number of sectors for one rotation is different, but the number of sectors per logical track is constant (in the example shown in FIG. 5, "17" for any rotation group). This has the advantage that it does not need to be considered.

Furthermore, the physical track address and the sector address indicating the physical position of the sector on the disk can be obtained by a simple calculation from the logical track address and the sector address.

Example 2
Next, an optical disc according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a part of the optical disc of the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a table showing a logical track structure of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, near the boundary 13 between adjacent zones, at least one physical track 14 or 15 of each zone is designated as a guard track, and data is not recorded by the user here. Also, at least one physical track 16 of each zone is designated as a test track, and no data is recorded by the user here. In the illustrated example, the innermost physical track 14 of each zone is designated as a guard track, the outermost physical track 16 of each zone is designated as a test track, and the second physical track 15 from the outside of each zone is designated. Designated as a guard track.

Guard tracks 14 and 15 are for avoiding crosstalk near the boundary between zones. The guard track is given an address (track address and sector address) independent of the track on which data is recorded. The address of the guard track is out of the range of the address given to the sector used for recording data. As a result, the guard track is not accessed when recording and reading data. Thus, the guard track is not used for recording data.

The test track 16 is used for adjusting the recording power. For example, when the power of the driving device is turned on, test data is recorded on and reproduced from the test track while changing the recording power. The optimum recording power is obtained by detecting the error rate.

As shown in the figure, if a track between the guard tracks 14 and 15 is designated as the test track 16, even if test data is recorded with excessive power, the track used for normal data recording has no effect. There is an advantage of not receiving it. However, other physical tracks can be designated as test tracks.

(4) The test track is also given an address independently of the data recording sector. The address of the test track is out of the range of the address given to the sector used for recording data. As a result, the test rack is not accessed when recording and reading data. Thus, the test track is not used for recording data.

(4) A track other than the guard track and the test track is used as a data recording track, and 17 sectors are used as one logical track to constitute a logical track. At this time, the number of logical tracks is determined so that the difference between the number of logical tracks between adjacent rotation groups is constant, 43 in the illustrated example. In this case, the number of logical tracks can be calculated by a simple integer operation, so that management by a table or the like is unnecessary.

FIG. 7 shows a logical track structure according to the second embodiment. This logical track structure is generally the same as that of FIG. However, zones # 0 and # 30 are composed of the same 740 physical tracks as the other zones # 1 to # 29.

の う ち In FIG. 7, among the symbols at the top of each column, the same symbols as in FIG. G + T represents the number of sectors in the guard track and test track in each zone.

The second embodiment is superior to the first embodiment in the following points. That is, in the first embodiment, the trailing end of the last logical track of each rotation group does not coincide with the trailing end of the corresponding zone, and is slightly protruding, and the number of protruding sectors is not constant as can be seen from FIG. . In this case, it is necessary to control the clock switching within the logical track. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform dual management of the replacement processing (processing for accessing a spare sector in the same rotation group in place of a defective sector) and control (clock switching, etc.) based on the actual physical arrangement. There is a disadvantage that it must not be. In addition, there is a problem that crosstalk may occur between adjacent physical tracks near the boundary of a zone. Furthermore, there is no test track for each rotation group, and it is not possible to sufficiently adjust recording power. In addition, there is no regularity in the number of logical tracks in each rotation group, and a table storing the number of logical tracks in each rotation group is provided. At the time of access, the logical address is converted into a physical address by referring to this table. There is a need.

The logical track structure of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 solves the above-described problem of the first embodiment, and the logical tracks of each rotation group do not protrude from the corresponding zone. Further, by providing the guard track, it is possible to eliminate crosstalk near the boundary between zones. Further, since the test track is provided, it can be used for adjusting the recording power. Further, the difference between the numbers of tracks of adjacent rotation groups is constant, the conversion from the logical address to the physical address can be performed by a simple operation, and there is no need to provide a conversion table.

Example 3
Hereinafter, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Example 3 is generally the same as Example 2, but differs in the following points.

In the format of the logical track according to the second embodiment, the number of remaining sectors (not used for recording) for securing the specified logical track in each rotation group is not constant. For this reason, when calculating the physical position, there is a problem that the surplus number of sectors needs to be stored in a table.

FIG. 8 shows a logical track structure for solving the problem in the second embodiment. Of the symbols at the top of each column, those that are the same as in FIGS. 5 and 7 have the same meaning. DUM is the number of remaining sectors for which a logical track has been secured in each zone, and ΔDUM is the difference between the number of remaining sectors DUM between adjacent zones. RES is the sum of DUM and G + T.

In FIG. 8, after the number of logical tracks LT / G is made different by a predetermined number, for example, 43, between adjacent rotation groups, guard tracks and test tracks of three physical tracks are further secured, and the number of remaining sectors DUM is reduced. The number of adjacent rotation groups differs from each other by a predetermined number, for example, six in the illustrated example. In this way, when calculating the physical position, the difference in the number of remaining sectors DUM is constant. Therefore, even if this difference is not stored in a table, it can be incorporated into the calculation formula as a constant. It is easy and the calculation is easy.

Example 4
Hereinafter, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. This embodiment is the same as Embodiment 2 except that the number of physical tracks per rotation group and the number of rotation groups of the entire disk are different.

The format of the logical track of the third embodiment solves the problems of the first and second embodiments. Since the number of remaining sectors after securing the logical track is a positive number, the logical track crosses the boundary of the zone. Nor. Also, when calculating the actual physical position from the logical address, it is possible to calculate by an integer operation without depending on the table. However, the remaining sectors always exist as useless sectors that do not record data, and there is a problem that the capacity of the disk is not fully utilized. FIGS. 9 and 10 show a logical track structure for solving the problem in the third embodiment. FIG. 9 shows the case of 1024 bytes / sector, and FIG. 10 shows the case of 512 bytes / sector. 9 and 10, the total number of sectors in each zone is equivalent to an integer number of logical tracks, and the difference in the number of logical tracks between zones having the same number of logical tracks is constant (see FIG. 9). In this case, they are arranged so as to be 176, and in FIG. 10, 54).

In the illustrated example, the guard track and the test track are not provided, but they can be secured as in the third embodiment.

Example 5
Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. In this embodiment, one sector consists of 1024 bytes. The configuration of the disk is generally the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but the header of each sector is different from that shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, it has two address parts 4a and 4b. Each of address sections 4a and 4b has track address section 6, sector address section 5, and ID section 21. The same address is written in the track address section 6 and the sector address section 5 of the two address sections 4a and 4b. This address represents the address of the sector. The same address is written twice in order to increase reliability. The ID part 21 is for identifying the addresses of the first address part 4a and the second address part 4b. For example, “0” is set in the ID part 21 of the address part 4a, Is written with "1".

FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of logical tracks. In this figure, among the symbols at the top of each column, the same symbols as in FIGS. 5, 7 and 8 have the same meaning. S / LT indicates the number of sectors per logical track. The arrangement of the tracks shown is generally the same as that of FIG. 5, but differs in the following points. First, the number of zones is 30 instead of 31 as shown in FIG. Each zone has 752 physical tracks. Further, each logical track has 2 to the fourth power, or 16 sectors.

As shown in FIG. 11, the track address 6 is composed of 16 bits, and is used to indicate a value from 0 to 22560. The sector address 5 is composed of 4 bits and is used to indicate a value from 0 to 15.

As described above, in the above embodiment, since the track address is set to 16 bits, the calculation of the track address is easy.

Example 6
Next, a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Also in this embodiment, one sector is composed of 1024 bytes. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, each of the zones 0 to 29 is composed of 768 physical tracks 10, and 128 logical sectors constitute one logical track. The address is double-written. FIG. 14 shows the format of the header sections 4a and 4b in that case. Track address 6 consists of 16 bits and is used to represent a value from 0 to 23040, and sector address 5 consists of 7 bits and is used to represent a value from 0 to 127. The ID address 7 takes "0" or "1".

In such a logical track arrangement, the track address and the sector address read from the disk can be directly used, and the actual track address and the sector address can be calculated by a simple integer operation corresponding to the linear logical address from the host device. There are advantages. Also, there is an advantage that even if the actual number of sectors in one rotation (the number of sectors in one physical track) is different, it is not necessary to consider it.
In the examples shown in FIGS. 11 and 14, the address is double-written. However, even if the address is other than twice, the address may be recorded in multiplexing of 2 m (m is an integer) times. In this case, the ID indicates the number of the address.

Example 7
Next, with reference to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, an operation when loading the optical disk as described above into a drive device and accessing a target sector will be described. FIG. 15 shows an optical disk drive device 31 and a host device 32 used for writing and reading of the optical disk 2. The optical disk 2 is actually loaded into the optical disk drive 31, but is shown outside the optical disk drive 31 for convenience. The optical disk drive 31 writes a write / read command for the optical disk 2 from the host device 32 and receives it together with an address to be read. This address is linear.

Hereinafter, a description will be given of an operation in which the drive device receiving such an instruction seeks a track to which a corresponding sector belongs based on a given address. The write and read operations are well known and will not be described.

FIG. 16 shows the operation for seeking as described above. First, the drive device 31 reads the address of the logical track on the disk 2 at the current position of the header section (the position where the write / read head is currently facing) (102). Next, from the address of the read logical track, the number of the zone to which the logical track belongs is calculated (104). Next, the physical position of the logical track from which the address has been read is calculated (106). Next, the linear logical address from the host device 32 is converted into a logical track address (108). Next, the zone number of the target logical track address is calculated (110). Next, the physical location of the target sector is calculated (112). Next, the number of physical tracks between the current position and the target position is calculated in consideration of the zone number (114). A seek operation is started using the determined number of physical tracks (116). The above operation is repeated until the target track is reached (118).

(4) When the target track is reached, the address of the header section of each sector is read, and the target sector is searched.

The use of the optical disk of the above-described embodiment has the following advantages in the above-described seek operation. For example, when the optical disk is the optical disk of the first, second, or third embodiment, the conversion in step 108 can be performed by a simple calculation. That is, the logical track address At and the logical sector address As are obtained as a quotient and a remainder in the division. That is,

A _L / (S / LT)

Here, S / LT is the number of sectors per logical track, A _L is the linear logical address from the host device. Therefore, a table for address conversion is not required, and the configuration of the apparatus or software for seeking is simplified.

When the optical disk of the second embodiment is used, the calculation of the zone number (identification of the zone) in steps 104 and 110 can be performed using the following relational expression. That is, for a given At

17 × (ZN + 1) × ｛LT / GZ _{N = 0} + (LT / GZ _{N = 0}
−ΔLT / G × ZN)｝ / 2
> 17 x At + (the number of remaining sectors stored in the table)

Is the minimum ZN that satisfies
Here, LT / GZN _{= 0} is the number of logical tracks in zone # 0. Therefore, the table may store the number of remaining sectors, which is a relatively small numerical value. Therefore, the configuration of the apparatus or software for seeking is simplified.

Further, when the optical disk of the fourth embodiment is used, the calculation of the zone number (specifying the zone) in steps 104 and 110 can be performed using the following relational expression. That is, for a given At

17 × (ZN + 1) × ｛LT / GZ _{N = 0} + (LT / GZ _{N = 0}
−ΔLT / G × ZN)｝ / 2
> 17 x At

Is the minimum ZN that satisfies Therefore, it is not necessary to make correction using the number of remaining sectors. Therefore, the software for step 104 or step 110 or seek is simplified.

Example 8
Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is for adjusting the power of the laser beam used for writing before writing to the optical disk having the test track described in the second embodiment. Such a power adjustment function is provided in the optical disk drive shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing functions of the optical disk drive 31 having such functions. As shown, the optical disk drive 31 includes a control circuit 33 having a CPU, a ROM and a RAM, a recording circuit 34, a laser control circuit 35, a write / read head 36 having a built-in semiconductor laser, and a reproduction circuit. 37 and a reproduction quality evaluation circuit 38. The control circuit 33 receives a command from the host device 32 and sends a control signal for performing power adjustment to each unit in the device 31. At this time, an initial value of the power of the laser used for writing is output. The recording circuit 34 records test data based on a control signal from the control circuit 33. That is, data of a predetermined content is provided. The laser control circuit 35 modulates the data supplied from the recording circuit 34 and sends the modulated data to the write / read head. At this time, the power of the semiconductor laser is set to the initial value output from the control circuit 33. The write / read head 36 records the given data at the set power. Then, the recorded data is read. The reproduction circuit 37 demodulates the data read by the write / read head 36. The reproduction quality evaluation circuit 38 calculates how faithful the data from the reproduction circuit 37 is to the data supplied from the recording circuit 34, that is, how much the error rate is, and thereby, the reproduction quality is calculated. evaluate. Based on the evaluation result, the control circuit 33 changes the set value of the power. This is repeated to find the optimum value of the power.

FIG. 18 shows a process of repeating the above-mentioned change of the set value of the power to obtain the optimum value of the power. First, the power is set to an initial value (202), and writing is performed (204). Next, the written data is reproduced (206). Then, the quality is evaluated (208). If the quality is good, end. If not, it is determined whether the power is too high (210). If it is too large, the power setting value is reduced (212). Conversely, if it is too small, the power setting is increased (214). Then, the process returns to step 204. The above operation is repeated until the reproduction quality becomes good.

Example 9
Next, an optical disc according to a ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The structure of the disk of this embodiment is generally the same as the disk of the first embodiment. However, as will be described in detail below, the difference is that a different type of recording area can be set for each zone.

論理 Arrange the logical track structure as shown in FIG. FIG. 19 shows a case of 1024 bytes / sector and 17 sectors / logical track. Of the symbols at the top of each column, those that are the same as those in FIGS. 5, 7, 8, and 12 have the same meaning. FLT is the address of the first logical track of each zone. LT indicates the track number of a data logical track, a spare track, or a parity track in each zone. TEST indicates the track number of the test track in each zone. PAR indicates the number of parity tracks in each zone. The parity track is used to record parity symbols when the corresponding zone is set to O-ROM (fully embossed).

記録 As shown in FIG. 19, the recording area is divided into 30 zones from 0 to 29 by zone number, and each zone is composed of 748 physical tracks. The number of logical tracks in each zone is obtained by dividing the number of sectors in each zone by 17. The parity track is provided at a predetermined position in each zone, and the number of parity tracks is set so as to decrease by two in order from 144 to 86 as the zone number increases. As a result, when calculating the parity track address of each zone, the number of parity tracks may be reduced by a predetermined number (2), and the number of parity tracks can be calculated by a simple integer calculation, and a table or the like storing addresses is unnecessary. is there.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of a disk structure management table of Embodiment 9 of the present invention having 1024 bytes / sector. The disk structure management table is provided in the first sector of the defect management area (the head of the user zone: the head of the first zone).

に お い て In FIG. 20, the 0th byte to the 21st byte are information relating to the defect processing, and are not directly related to the present invention, so that the description is omitted here. The 22nd to 51st bytes specify the type of each zone from zone # 0 to zone # 29. Here, the types are three types of R / W, WO, and O-ROM. "01" in the row indicates that the corresponding zone is of the R / W type, "02" indicates that the corresponding zone is of the O-ROM type, and "03" indicates that the corresponding zone is WO. Indicates that. In the table of FIG. 20, “/” between “(01)”, “(02)”, and “(03)” means “or”.

When the disk is of the R / W type, all the 22nd to 51st bytes of the disk structure management table are set to "01". When the disk is of the WO type, all the 22nd to 51st bytes are set to "03". The 22nd to 51st bytes are set to “02”. In the case of a P-ROM (that is, an R / W type zone and an O-ROM type zone are mixed), the byte corresponding to the R / W type zone is “01”, and the WO type zone is The corresponding byte is "02".

If the disk is of the (R / W + WO) type, that is, a mixture of the R / W type zone and the WO type zone, the byte corresponding to the R / W type zone is “01”, and the WO type The byte corresponding to the zone is set to "03".

If the disk is of the (WO + O-ROM) type, that is, a mixture of the W / O type zone and the O-ROM type zone, the byte corresponding to the W / O type zone is “03”, and the O / O type zone is “03”. -The byte corresponding to the ROM type zone is set to "02".

If the disc is of the (R / W + WO + O-ROM) type, that is, a mixture of the R / W type zone, the WO type zone, and the O-ROM type zone, the byte corresponding to the R / W type zone Is set to "01", the byte corresponding to the WO type zone is set to "03", and the byte corresponding to the O-ROM type zone is set to "02".

タ イ プ The type of each zone can be set independently of other zones.

As described above, there are only four types of conventional optical discs: the R / W type, the WO type, the O-ROM type, and the P-ROM type in which the R / W type portion and the O-ROM type portion coexist. In this embodiment, in addition to the above four types, a type in which an R / W type portion and a WO type portion are mixed, a type in which a W / O type portion and an O-ROM type portion are mixed, R There are three types, namely, a / W type portion, and a mixed type of a W / O type portion and an O-ROM type portion, and a total of seven types of discs can be obtained.

In the conventional P-ROM type, an R / W type is used from the first zone to a certain zone on the disk, and an O-ROM type zone is used from the next zone to the last zone. Only the disk was divided into two parts in the radial direction, that is, by a circumferential boundary centered on the center of the disk. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the type of each zone on one disk can be set freely.

Example 10
The tenth embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. As described above, the disk is driven to rotate at a constant angular velocity, and the frequency of the clock used for recording and reading is switched between zones. When mixing R / W type, WO type, and O-ROM type on the disc, the R / W type zone is placed on the outermost side, the WO type zone is placed next, and the O-ROM type zone is placed on the innermost side. Deploy. In consideration of the fact that the data transfer rate is higher on the outer peripheral side, the zone of the type most frequently accessed is arranged on the outer peripheral side. That is, the R / W type is most frequently accessed among the three types to execute the three operations of read, write, and erase. Therefore, the R / W type is arranged on the outermost side, and the WO type and the O-ROM type are different from each other. In consideration of the fact that the former is one time with respect to the latter, but the write operation is not performed, the WO type is disposed on the outer peripheral side.

Example 11
Next, an eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 21, when the R / W type and the WO type are mixed in the same optical disk as in the tenth embodiment, the R / W type zone is arranged on the outermost side and the WO type zone is arranged on the inner side. In consideration of the fact that the data transfer rate is higher on the outer peripheral side, zones of the type that are accessed most frequently are arranged on the outer peripheral side.

Example 12
Next, a twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 21, when the WO type and the O-ROM type are mixed in the same optical disk as in the tenth embodiment, the WO type zone is arranged outside and the O-ROM type zone is arranged inside. In consideration of the fact that the data transfer rate is higher on the outer peripheral side, zones of a type that is accessed more frequently are arranged on the outer peripheral side. That is, in the WO type and the O-ROM type, the WO type is arranged on the outer peripheral side in consideration of the fact that the former is one time with respect to the latter, but the write operation is not performed.

Example 13
Next, a thirteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment relates to an optical drive device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of a zone, as described below. As shown, the host device 32 and the drive device 31 are connected by an interface such as SCSI. The optical disk 2 is actually loaded into the optical disk drive 31.

In the thirteenth embodiment, the optical disk is created as an entire R / W area. However, the area displayed as “empty” is initially inaccessible. The optical disk drive has a function of executing a command A for rewriting the management table of the attribute of each zone. When the command A is received from the host device, the attribute of the zone specified in the command is changed, for example, as shown in FIG. Change to WO, and at the same time, make the “empty” area accessible (B). When data is written to an area whose attribute has been changed to WO, the written data cannot be rewritten because the attribute of that area has been changed to the WO attribute. That is, this part becomes a ROM. On the other hand, writing and reading are possible in the newly accessible R / W area. Accordingly, an optical disk having the same function as the P-ROM can be obtained.

属性 The above attribute change can be performed by the user while using the disk. It is also possible to return to R / W after changing to WO once.

(4) For the production of a P-ROM disk in which the ROM portion is formed by embossing, it is necessary to create a master disk. Therefore, when the number of copies is small, the cost per disk increases. On the other hand, if a disk is manufactured as in the above embodiment, a disk equivalent to a P-ROM disk having a ROM portion formed by embossing can be obtained at low cost.

Example 14
Next, a fourteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment also relates to an optical drive device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of a zone. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, a certain portion of the data in the R / W area is entirely rewritten with the WO attribute. In FIG. 25, only the zone specified by the command C is rewritten to the specified attribute (WO in the illustrated example) (D). For example, it can be applied to a case where only data written in a certain zone is to be protected from tampering.

Example 15
Next, a fifteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment relates to an optical drive device 31 having a function of changing a zone attribute and executing a backup command. 26, the description of the same portions as those in FIG. 24 is omitted. The optical disc 2 is divided into a plurality of zones, and the attributes of each zone are managed by a management table 41. In FIG. 26, the attributes of each zone are defined alternately for the R / W area and the WO area, and the WO area and the R / W area have substantially the same total capacity.

A specific control procedure for executing the backup command will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 27, when a command is received from a higher-level device (302), the content of the command is determined (304), and if a query is for a capacity, the capacity of the R / W area is returned (306). If it is a read or write command (308), it is checked whether the write / read head is accessing the R / W area (310), and if it is an R / W area, the command is executed (312). If the command is a backup command (314), execution completion is immediately returned to the higher-level device 32 (316). If there is no access while monitoring the access from the higher-level device 32, the data in the R / W area is updated as needed. It is copied to the WO area (320). At this time, if necessary, the attribute of the corresponding zone in the management table is rewritten to “R / W” before copying (318), and the original is restored after copying (322). FIG. 26 shows that table rewriting F and H and data copying G are executed in response to the backup command E.
Note that the total capacity of the WO area may be larger than the total capacity of the R / W area.

Example 16
Next, a sixteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment also relates to an optical drive device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of a zone. 28, the description of the same parts as in FIG. 26 is omitted. The optical disc 2 is capable of recording on both sides. The optical disk driving device 31 has a function of reading and writing data on both sides of the optical disk 2 without discrepancies. Here, the surface A (front) is the R / W region, and the surface B (back) is the WO region. According to the same procedure as that shown in FIG. 27, the attribute of side B is temporarily changed to the R / W area by the backup command (I) (J), and the data of side A is copied to side B (K). Thereafter, the attribute of side B is returned to WO (L). Since data is copied to the WO area, the data is not destroyed by an optical disk device having no function of changing the attribute of the area.

Example 17
Next, a seventeenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment also relates to an optical drive device 31 having a function of changing the attribute of a zone. 29, the description of the same parts as those in FIGS. 26 and 28 will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 30, when the optical disk drive receives the restore command M from the host 32 (402), it immediately returns completion to the host (404) and copies the data in the WO area to the R / W area (406). ).

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of an optical disc according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of an optical disc according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows a guide groove and a land part in partial cross section. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a track near a zone boundary of the optical disc according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a format of a disk according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic partial plan view showing the arrangement of guard tracks and test tracks in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a disc according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a disk according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a disk format according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the format of the disk according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a header section in Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a format example of a disc according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a format according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a header section in Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an optical disk drive used for writing and reading an optical disk and a host device 32. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of the drive device when accessing a target sector of the optical disc. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an optical disk drive having a function of adjusting power. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation for power adjustment. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a format of a disk according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of disk structure management according to the ninth embodiment. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an arrangement of recording areas of each type on an optical disc according to a tenth embodiment. FIG. 32 is a diagram showing the arrangement of each type of recording area on the optical disc according to the eleventh embodiment. FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the arrangement of each type of recording area on the optical disc according to Example 12. FIG. 34 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive according to a thirteenth embodiment. FIG. 34 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc driving device according to Embodiment 14. FIG. 34 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc driving device according to Embodiment 15. 21 is a flowchart of the process according to Embodiment 15. FIG. 37 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc driving device according to Embodiment 16. FIG. 37 is a structural diagram of an optical disc and an optical disc drive according to a seventeenth embodiment. 21 is a flowchart of the process according to the seventeenth embodiment.

Explanation of reference numerals

1 guide groove, {2} optical disk, {3} light spot, {4, 4a, 4b} header section, {5} sector address section, {6} track address section, {7} data section, {8} sector, {9} physical track, 10} zone, 11} track, {12} land section, 13} zone boundary, {14, 15} guard track, {16} test track, {21} ID address, {31} optical disk drive, {32} host device, {41} management table.

Claims (3)

Attribute information of the optical disc indicating whether rewriting is permitted or not, and
A recording area comprising a plurality of sectors;
An optical disk comprising a logical track composed of 2 n (n is an integer) sectors,
Each of the sectors has a same length regardless of the attribute, including a header area in which an address that is a serial number using a binary number is recorded;
An optical disc, wherein the number of sectors in the logical track is constant irrespective of the attribute. An optical disk drive for driving the optical disk according to claim 1,
Means for reading attribute information of the optical disc;
An optical disk drive comprising: means for extracting a predetermined number of bits from the start of an address of each sector to specify the address of a logical track containing the sector. An optical disk drive for driving the optical disk according to claim 1,
Means for reading attribute information of the optical disc;
An optical disk drive comprising means for identifying a position of a sector in a logical track by extracting a predetermined number of bits from the end of the address of each sector.