JP2003296851A - Remote abnormality monitoring system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a remote abnormality monitoring system capable of detecting abnormality before an abnormal value is observed. <P>SOLUTION: In the remote abnormality monitoring system, a measuring part 2 and a monitoring part 3 are separated from each other and the abnormality of a measured value is monitored. For the abnormality monitoring of the measured value, instead of comparing the measured value with one reference value, by judging the abnormality on the basis of change with time in the measured value within a set range and determining the abnormality based on the integrated amount of the measured value and the change rate of the integrated amount, the abnormality is detected before the abnormal value is observed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a remote abnormality monitoring system and can be applied to various remote measurements such as measurement, analysis, water quality measurement, process control, and meteorological observation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In remote monitoring for monitoring various measurements such as measurement, analysis, measurement, process control, and meteorological observation at a remote location, in addition to monitoring the value itself, the measured value is abnormal. It may be monitored whether or not. This determination of abnormality in the measured value is made by an observer who judges the transition of the measured value, a warning value is set in advance, and when a measured value above or below this warning value is acquired, it is judged to be abnormal and automatically Anomaly monitoring system that automatically issues an alarm is also known. There is also known a remote abnormality monitoring system that performs such an abnormality monitoring system between a measuring unit and a monitoring unit that are remote from each other.

[0003]

In the conventional remote abnormality monitoring system, it is impossible to know the occurrence of an abnormal state unless the measured value exceeds a preset warning value. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures in advance before the abnormal state occurs. I can't.

When a supervisor constantly monitors the measurement site or the monitoring unit, by observing the time transition of the measured value, the abnormality is predicted in advance even if the warning value is not exceeded, and the warning value is Appropriate treatment can be taken before However, in a remote anomaly monitoring system, it is usually impractical from the viewpoint of cost to keep an observer at the measurement site or the monitoring section at all times. Is being reported. In particular, the measurement locations that require remote measurement are often remote locations where it is difficult to place supervisors, or locations where environmental conditions are unsuitable for the observer. It is difficult to constantly monitor the abnormalities of the measured values of many kinds.

Therefore, in the conventional remote abnormality monitoring system, an alarm is issued only when the measured value is in an abnormal state. Usually, when an abnormality is detected by the remote abnormality monitoring system, it is often after a failure or accident has already occurred, and it is difficult to prevent the failure or accident in advance. Although it is possible to issue an alarm early by setting the warning value level low, if the warning value level is set low in this way, it is judged as abnormal even if the measured value is within the normal range. However, there is a possibility that accurate and stable abnormality monitoring cannot be performed.

[0006] There is a water quality measurement of drainage or the like as a means for performing abnormality monitoring by remote measurement. Normally, when monitoring the abnormality of drainage water quality, it is performed by determining whether the instantaneous value of the remotely measured value exceeds a preset alarm value, and the same problem as the remote abnormality monitoring system described above occurs. is there.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and provide a remote abnormality monitoring system capable of detecting an abnormality before an abnormal value is observed.

[0008]

According to the present invention, a measuring section and a monitoring section are remote from each other, and in a remote abnormality monitoring system for monitoring abnormality of a measured value, abnormality detection is performed before the abnormal value is observed. However, it can be implemented in various modes.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the abnormality monitoring of the measured value is performed based on the change with time of the measured value within the set range, instead of comparing the measured value with one reference value. , Detect anomalies before they are observed.

In the abnormality monitoring based on the change with time of the measured value within the set range, it is determined that the measured value is abnormal when the measured value is continuously observed within the set range a plurality of times.

This setting range can be set by a judgment range defined with respect to a reference value. For example, the setting range can be defined by a range sandwiched between a reference value and a value obtained by multiplying the reference value by a predetermined ratio. The reference value may be a warning value determined by the conventional remote abnormality monitoring system or another value.

Continuous observation within the set range of measured values is
When a measured value is continuously observed multiple times within the setting range, it is judged as abnormal, and even if it is not continuously observed within the setting range, the measured value is set within the specified measurement time interval. It is also possible to determine that it is abnormal when it is observed a set number of times.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the value close to the reference value is continuously measured, the abnormal value can be detected before the abnormal value is observed, resulting in an accident or a failure. You can deal with it in advance.

The second to fifth aspects of the present invention are aspects in which abnormality determination is performed using the integrated amount of measured values.

A second aspect of the present invention compares the integrated amount of the measured value with a comparative amount which is lower than a preset allowable value of the integrated amount by a fixed ratio or a fixed amount, and the integrated amount within a fixed period. If it exceeds, it is judged as abnormal.

The third aspect of the present invention compares the predicted integrated amount obtained by predicting the integrated amount within a certain period using the integrated amount up to the measurement time point with a preset reference value, If the amount exceeds the reference value, it is judged as abnormal.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the allowable value of the integrated amount within a fixed period set in advance is used to obtain the allowable value of the integrated amount in each time zone obtained by dividing the fixed period into a plurality of parts. , If the integrated amount of the actual measurement value exceeds the obtained allowable value, it is determined to be abnormal.

In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a change curve of the integrated amount per predetermined time interval is obtained by statistically processing the past measurement results, and the integrated amount of the actually measured value and a constant ratio from the value indicated by the change curve. Or, it compares with a comparison amount that is lower than a certain amount, and when the integrated amount of the actual measurement value exceeds the calculated comparison amount, it is determined to be abnormal.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is an aspect in which an abnormality determination is performed by using a rate of change of an integrated amount of measured values. In the sixth aspect of the present invention, the change rate of the integrated amount of the measured value is compared with a preset allowable change rate of the integrated amount, and when the change rate exceeds the allowable change rate, it is determined to be abnormal.

Furthermore, the present invention may be a combination of the above aspects, and an abnormality determination is performed according to each aspect, and an alarm is output when any one or at least two are determined simultaneously.

The remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention can be applied to the abnormality monitoring of drainage water quality by using a device for continuously measuring drainage water quality as a measuring unit. A plurality of measuring units are arranged along the wastewater treatment process of wastewater, and the monitoring unit uses the measured values acquired from each measuring unit and the output order and time interval of the measured values to determine whether the measured value and / or the measuring unit is abnormal. It is also possible to make a determination.

In the present invention, the abnormality determination may be performed not only on the monitoring section side but also on the measurement section side. When the monitoring unit makes an abnormality determination, the measurement unit transmits only the measured value to the monitoring unit.
On the other hand, when the measurement unit side makes an abnormality determination, the measurement unit can send a measurement value to the monitoring unit in addition to the abnormality determination result.

[0023]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

First, the schematic configuration of the remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention will be described with reference to the schematic block diagram of FIG.
The configuration example shown in FIG. 1 shows a case where the monitoring unit makes an abnormality determination.

The remote abnormality monitoring system 1 comprises a measuring section 2 and a monitoring section 3 which are arranged remote from each other, and the communication between the measuring section 2 and the monitoring section 3 is performed by the communication means 4.

The measuring unit 2 may be one or plural, and is connected to the monitoring unit 3 via the communication means 4. The plurality of measuring units 2A, 2B, 2C, ... Can be arbitrarily arranged at points remote from each other or at points adjacent to each other.

The measuring unit 2 will be described below by taking the measuring unit 2A in FIG. 1 as an example. The measuring unit 2A includes one or a plurality of measuring means 2a1, 2a2, 2a3, ..., And a transmitting means 2b. Each measuring means 2a1, 2a2, 2a3, ... Can be various measuring means such as various measuring instruments, analyzers, measuring instruments, control devices in process control, or meteorological observation devices. Each measuring means 2a1, 2a2, 2a3, ...
The measured value measured by the communication means 4 is transmitted by the transmission means 2b.
Is transmitted to the monitoring unit 3 via. The transmitting means 2b sends the measured values to the measuring means 2a1, 2a2, 2 at predetermined time intervals.
A3 ... Acquires and transmits the measured value measured. The time interval for transmission can be set by the timer 2c.

The transmitting means 2b may have a function of converting the signal form of the measured value into the signal form of the communication means 4. For example, when the measured value is an analog signal and the communication unit 4 is in the form of serially transmitting a digital signal, the transmission unit 2b has a function of A / D conversion and a function of serially arranging the measurement signals.

The transmitting means 2b may be configured to transmit the measured value intermittently at predetermined time intervals, to be constantly transmitted, or to be transmitted based on a request from the monitoring unit 3. .

The communication means 4 can be in any communication form such as a dedicated line in addition to the Internet and LAN communication networks.

The monitoring unit 3 is installed at a location remote from each measuring unit 2, and monitors a plurality of measuring units 2 for abnormality at one place. The monitoring unit 3 includes a receiving unit 3b that receives a measurement value transmitted via the communication unit 4, a signal processing unit 3d that determines an abnormality in the received measurement value, and a display unit 3c that displays the result of the abnormality determination. The receiving means 3b has a signal processing function according to the communication mode of the communication means 4. Signal processing means 3
d determines an abnormality based on how the measured value received by the receiving means 3b changes with time within a preset setting range. The display unit 3c may be a display device, an audio device such as a speaker or a buzzer, and the result of the abnormality determination may be displayed on the screen of the display device or may be displayed by sound from the audio device. In addition, the sent measurement value and the judgment result of abnormality judgment are
It can be recorded in the recording means 3a. Further, the signal processing means 3d can perform conversion processing such as units if necessary.

The measuring means 2a may be any measuring device, for example, in the case of water quality measurement, various measuring devices such as measuring devices for measuring the concentration of phosphorus and nitrogen, thermometers, measuring devices, analyzers, etc. Can be

Next, one mode of the abnormality determination according to the present invention will be described with reference to the signal example of FIG. 2 and the flowchart of FIG.

One mode of abnormality monitoring based on the change with time of the measured value within the set range is determined to be abnormal when the measured value is continuously observed within the set range a plurality of times. FIG. 2 shows a change with time of the measured value, and a black circle mark in the figure shows the measured value at every predetermined time.

Here, the upper reference value is a and the lower reference value is b, and the setting range (hatched portion in the drawing) is determined by multiplying the reference values a and b by a predetermined ratio. The reference value may be a warning value for determining that the measured value is in an abnormal state.

This set range is within the permissible range of the measured value sandwiched between the reference value a and the reference value b, and is in the vicinity of the reference value a or the reference value b, and the measured value may be an abnormal value. It represents a range with high property. For example, the set range A is a range in the vicinity of the upper reference value a, and is a range sandwiched between the reference value a and k1 · a obtained by multiplying the reference value a by a predetermined ratio k1 (hatched portion in the figure). The set range B is a range near the lower reference value b, and is a range sandwiched between the reference value b and k2 · b obtained by multiplying the reference value b by a predetermined ratio k2 (hatched portion in the figure). Is. For example, the predetermined ratio k1 can be set to 0.9 and the predetermined ratio k2 can be set to 1.1.

The predetermined ratio k1 can be set to any positive value less than or equal to 1, but if it is a small value, the frequency of determination as abnormal is high, while if it is a value close to 1, The abnormality is judged only when the measured value rises to such an extent that it becomes close to the warning value and the abnormality actually occurs.
Further, the predetermined ratio k2 can be set to any positive value of 1 or more, but if it is a large value, the frequency of being judged as abnormal increases, while if it is a value close to 1, it becomes a warning value. When the measured value falls close to the point where an abnormality actually occurs, the abnormality is judged only when the measured value falls.

In this aspect, when the measured value is continuously measured within the setting range A or the setting range B, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred. Whether or not the measured value is continuously measured is determined within the same setting range (setting range A
Alternatively, in the setting range B), it is determined to be abnormal when the measured value is continuously observed a plurality of times.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the number of consecutive observations for determining an abnormality is two, and the numbers in the figure show the number of consecutive observations. For example, in the setting range A, once it is observed within the setting range A, it is once outside the setting range A, and thereafter, it is observed twice continuously. At this time, it is determined to be abnormal. Also, in the setting range B,
After being observed once within the setting range B, it is once outside the setting range B, and then observed twice consecutively. At this time, it is determined to be abnormal.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 3 shows an example of an operation procedure for performing the above-described abnormality determination processing. First, the number of observations n within the setting range is initialized to 0 (step S1), and every time the measurement value D is acquired from the measuring unit (step S2), whether the measurement value D is within the setting range A or not is determined. It is determined whether or not it is within the setting range B (step S3).

When the measured value D is within the set range, 1 is added to the number of observations n (step S4) and the result is compared with the number of determinations N. The number of determinations N is the number of observations for performing abnormality determination, and an example of N = 2 is shown in FIG. In the comparison between the number of observations n and the number of determinations N, when the number of observations n is equal to or more than the number of determinations N (step S5), it is determined to be abnormal (step S6).

If the measured value D is out of the set range in the step S3, the process returns to the step S1 to clear the observation number n to 0, and the measured value is obtained in the step S2. The step S3 is performed again. If the number of observations n is equal to or less than the number of determinations N in the process of step S5, the process returns to the process of step S2 to acquire the measured value. After the abnormality is determined, the process returns to step S2 and the same processing is repeated.

In the above aspect, the predetermined ratios k1, k2
When 0.9 and 1.1 and the number of determinations N is 2, the observed value is 90% or more of the upper reference value at least twice or more even if the measured value does not reach the reference value. If the value exceeds, or if the observed value exceeds 110% or more of the lower reference value at least twice or more, it is determined to be abnormal, and a message, an alarm sound, or the like can be displayed. At this time, the message and the alarm sound can be made different in the upper setting range A and the lower setting range B.

In the above aspect, the reference value and the setting range for determining the abnormality can be set for each measurement item.
Further, only the upper limit or the lower limit may be set.

Next, another mode of the abnormality determination according to the present invention will be described with reference to the signal example of FIG. 4 and the flowchart of FIG.

Another aspect of the abnormality monitoring based on the change with time of the measured value within the set range is that the measured value is within the set range within a predetermined measurement time period even when the observed values are not continuously observed within the set range. It is judged to be abnormal when it is observed a set number of times. In FIG. 4, FIG. 4 (a) shows the time change of the measured value, and FIG. 4 (b) shows the time change of the number of observations. The black circles in the figure indicate the measured values at predetermined time intervals. Here, as in FIG. 2, the upper reference value is a
The reference value on the lower side is b, and the setting ranges A and B (hatched portions in the figure) are determined by multiplying the reference values a and b by predetermined ratios k1 and k2. Since the reference values a and b, the predetermined ratios k1 and k2, and the setting ranges A and B can be the same as those in the above-described mode,
The description here is omitted.

In the present embodiment, within the above setting range A or setting range B, within the same setting range (setting range A or setting range B), measured values are observed a plurality of times within a predetermined measurement section. If it is determined to be abnormal. In addition, in FIG. 4, the measurement section is indicated by T.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which the total number of determinations for abnormality determination is three, and the numbers in the figure indicate the number of times observed within a predetermined measurement section T. For example, in the setting range A, the setting range A is once set in the measurement section T1.
After being observed inside, it falls outside the setting range A once. Therefore, the cumulative number of times observed in this measurement section T1 is 1, and the number of determination times is 3 or less, so that it is not determined to be abnormal. Similarly, when the number of observations within the set range A in the next measurement section T2 is accumulated, the accumulated number is 3
Since the number of determination times reaches 3, it is determined to be abnormal. FIG. 4B shows a change in the cumulative number of times in each measurement section T.

By making an abnormality judgment by accumulating the number of observations within a set range within a predetermined measurement section,
The abnormality determination can be performed even when the measured value changes near the boundary of the set range.

It should be noted that the abnormality determination is performed for each continuous measurement section as shown in FIG. 4B, and in addition to FIGS.
As shown in (h), it is also possible to sequentially shift the measurement intervals for each measurement and set the measurement intervals, and perform the abnormality determination in the plurality of measurement intervals.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 5 shows an example of an operation procedure for performing the above-described abnormality determination processing. First, the number of observations n within the set range and the number of measurements t for obtaining the measurement section are initialized to 0 (step S11), and when the measurement value D is acquired from the measurement unit (step S12), 1 is added to the number of measurements t. (Step S13), the number of times of measurement t is compared with the set number of times of measurement T that defines the measurement section. The set number of times of measurement T is the number of times of measurement that determines the measurement section, and an example of T = 6 is shown in FIG. In the comparison between the number of measurements t and the set number of measurements T, when the number of measurements t exceeds the set number of measurements T (step S14), the process returns to step S11,
The number of observations n and the number of measurements t are initialized to 0. On the other hand, when the number of measurements t is less than or equal to the set number of measurements T (step S1
In 4), it is determined whether the measured value D is within the setting range A or whether it is within the setting range B (step S15).

When the measured value D is within the set range, 1 is added to the number of observations n (step S16) and the result is compared with the number of determinations N. The number of times of determination N is the number of times of observation for performing abnormality determination, and an example of N = 3 is shown in FIG. In the comparison between the number of observations n and the number of determinations N, when the number of observations n is equal to or greater than the number of determinations N (step S17), it is determined to be abnormal (step S18). After determining the abnormality, the process returns to step S11. If the number of observations n does not reach the number of determinations N (step S17), the process returns to step S12.

The abnormality determination processing operation shown in FIG. 5 can be performed successively by using a shift register as shown in FIGS. 4 (b) to 4 (n). FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the processing operation procedure of abnormality determination using the shift register, and FIG. 7 is a state diagram for explaining the state of the shift register.

First, a shift register of length T is prepared and cleared (step S21). When the measured value D is obtained from the measurement unit (step S22), the shift register is shifted to the left by 1 bit (step S23), it is determined whether the measured value D is within the range or not (step S24), and the measured value D is within the range. If it is within the range, 1 is put into the LSB of the shift register (step S25a), and if the measured value D is out of the range, 0 is put into the LSB of the shift register (step S25).
b).

Then, the number n of 1s in the shift register is obtained (step S26) and compared with the set value N (step S27). If the number n of 1's in the shift register is equal to or greater than the set value N, it is determined to be abnormal (step S28), and if the number n of 1's in the shift register does not exceed the set value N, the process returns to step S22. Further, after the abnormality is determined, for example, an alarm is issued and then the process returns to step S22.

The shift register shown in FIG. 7A is shown in FIG.
FIG. 7B to FIG. 7G corresponding to the state of T1 in FIG.
Indicates the shift states of the shift register in order. Figure 7
In the shift state of (g), when n = 3 and the set value N is set to 3, it is determined to be abnormal.

In the above aspect, the set number of times of measurement T and the number of times of determination N can be set arbitrarily. Further, the measurement section is not limited to the number of times of measurement described above, and may be set in a predetermined time width.

Next, another aspect of the present invention will be described. Hereinafter, the abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of the measured value will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 12, and the abnormality determination based on the change rate of the measured value will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15.

First, the abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values will be described. The first form of abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values is performed based on the comparison between the integrated amount of measured values and the comparison amount. In FIG. 8A, the allowable value a of the integrated amount is set in advance, and the comparative amount a · k1 is determined by multiplying the allowable value a by a constant ratio k1, and the integrated amount is compared within a fixed period. When the quantity exceeds a · k1, it is determined to be abnormal.

The comparison amount can be set by multiplying the allowable value a by a constant ratio k1, or can be set by subtracting a predetermined amount from the allowable value a. Constant ratio k
1 and the predetermined amount are amounts corresponding to the margin from when the abnormality determination is issued until the allowable value a is reached, and can be set arbitrarily according to the measurement target, the monitoring system, and the like. Further, the fixed period is a time width in which abnormality determination is performed, and can be set to an arbitrary time width such as 24 hours according to the measurement target, the monitoring system, and the like.

When the integrated amount exceeds the comparison amount within a certain period, it is determined to be abnormal and an alarm is issued. On the other hand, if the integrated amount does not exceed the comparison amount within a fixed period, or if it exceeds the comparison amount after the fixed period, it is not judged as abnormal. The comparison amount is determined and stored in advance and compared with the integrated amount.

For example, when the amount of nitrogen contained in the waste water for 24 hours is allowed up to 1 kg, and when the constant ratio k1 is 0.9, an alarm is issued when the accumulated amount exceeds 900 g. . The constant ratio k1 is not limited to 0.9 and can be set arbitrarily such as 0.95 or 0.8.

As the comparison amount, a fixed value may be set within a fixed period, or a plurality of different values may be set for predetermined time zones within the fixed period. FIG. 8B shows an example of setting a plurality of comparison amounts. The example shown in FIG. 8 (b) shows an example in which different comparison quantities are set in the three stages of measurement, the first half, the middle half, and the second half, and an abnormality is judged when the measurement quantity exceeds the comparison quantity in the first half and the second half. is doing.

The second form of abnormality determination based on the accumulated amount of measured values is to set an allowable value for each time, and by using an allowable value of an accumulated amount within a fixed period set in advance, The allowable value of the integrated amount in each time zone obtained by dividing is divided into a plurality of times, and when the integrated amount of the measured value exceeds the obtained allowable value, it is determined to be abnormal.

In FIG. 9, a permissible value a of the integrated amount for a fixed period (for example, 24 hours) is set, and the permissible value in each time zone is set using this permissible value a. A broken line b shown in FIG. 9 indicates an allowable amount for each time zone (T1 to T8). The abnormality determination of the integrated value is made by comparison with the stepwise allowable value b. For example, when the integrated value changes according to the curve A or the curve B in the figure, the time zone T
Since the allowable amount is exceeded at 2 and T5, an abnormality determination is issued at this point. Further, when the integrated value changes according to the curve C in the figure, the allowable amount is not exceeded in any time zone, and therefore the abnormality determination is not issued.

As an example of the case of making an abnormality determination using the integrated amount of nitrogen contained in the wastewater quality, for example, when the allowable amount within 24 hours is 3 kg and the allowable amount is set every 4 hours, The permissible amount in the time zone of is set to 500 g, and the permissible amount thereafter is increased stepwise by 500 g. The setting range of the permissible amount for each time zone can be arbitrarily set by increasing the permissible amount in the minimum time zone or gradually increasing or decreasing the increase amount. It should be noted that the setting of the allowable amount can be automatically performed by previously setting a division amount or a division mode for dividing the time zone and the allowable amount.

The third form of abnormality determination based on the accumulated amount of measured values is to compare the statistically obtained accumulated amount change of measured values with the accumulated amount of measured values. The change curve of the integrated amount per predetermined time interval is obtained by statistical processing, the integrated amount of the actual measurement value is compared with the change curve, and if the integrated amount of the actual measurement value exceeds the calculated comparison amount, it is judged as abnormal. judge.

For example, in the case of drainage water quality, the accumulated amount of the discharged amount is continuously acquired for one week, the average accumulated amount of each time zone of the day is obtained, and the temporary accumulated amount per unit time is calculated. Set as emission amount. If there is a large deviation from this emission amount,
Judging that it is highly likely that the accumulated amount for 24 hours exceeds the allowable amount, an abnormality is determined and an alarm is issued. The case of a large deviation can be, for example, a case of exceeding three times the standard deviation obtained when the average is statistically calculated.

The temporary discharge amount is not limited to the average value,
A median value or a mode value may be used. Further, the value when it is determined that the deviation is large is not limited to three times the standard deviation, and may be a fixed value or a value obtained by a fixed ratio such as 5% of the temporary emission amount.

Further, although it is possible to determine the discharge abnormality of the measurement object by monitoring that the temporary discharge amount is greatly exceeded, by monitoring that the discharge amount is significantly lower than the temporary discharge amount, the wastewater treatment or before it is performed. It can also be used as a means of knowing a process abnormality.

When performing statistical processing, prepare data separately for each day of the week, month, season or year, and take measures such as changing the temporary emission amount for each day of the week even during operation. You can also Further, when the peculiar day of the change in the discharge amount for 24 hours is known, the comparison value can be set according to the change pattern.

In FIG. 10, the alternate long and short dash line c indicates the change curve of the integrated amount per predetermined time interval obtained by statistically processing the past measurement results. For this change curve,
The comparison amount (broken line d in FIG. 10) is obtained by multiplying by a constant ratio or by adding a constant amount (for example, 3σ (three times standard deviation σ)). This comparison amount d is compared with the integration amount D obtained by integrating the actual measurement value e, and when the integration amount D exceeds the comparison amount d, it is determined to be abnormal.

The fourth form of abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values is to predict the integrated amount using past data, and use the integrated amount up to the time of measurement to determine the integrated amount within a certain period. The predicted integrated amount obtained by prediction is compared with a preset reference value, and when the predicted integrated amount exceeds the reference value, it is determined to be abnormal.

In FIG. 11, it is determined that a linear straight line of the integrated amount is obtained from the time from the start of the measurement and the current integrated amount, and if the extension line of this linear straight line may exceed the allowable amount within 24 hours, it is abnormal. And issue an alarm. The primary straight line E shown in FIG. 11 is not judged to be abnormal because its extension line does not exceed the allowable amount a within 24 hours. On the other hand, since the extension of the primary straight line F exceeds the allowable amount a within 24 hours, it is determined to be abnormal and an alarm is issued.

For the determination, the allowable amount may be changed depending on which time zone within a fixed period (for example, 24 hours). For example, by setting a large allowable amount in the first half of a certain period and setting a small allowable amount in the second half of a certain period, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination when a large change occurs in the short term in the first half. .
In FIG. 12, with respect to the extension line of the primary straight line G estimated at the previous period, the abnormality determination is performed by the large allowable amount g,
For the linear straight line H estimated at the middle stage and the extended line of the linear straight line I estimated at the latter stage, the smaller allowable amounts h and i are in order.
Is used to determine abnormality.

Next, the abnormality determination based on the rate of change of the integrated amount of measured values will be described. In the form of abnormality determination based on the change rate of the integrated value of the measured value, the allowable change rate of the integrated value is set in advance, and the allowable change rate is compared with the change rate of the integrated value of the measured value, If the rate of change obtained from exceeds the allowable rate of change in, it is determined to be abnormal.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the abnormality determination based on the rate of change of the integrated amount. FIG. 13A shows the change of the integrated amount, and FIG. 13B shows the rate of change of the integrated amount. Shows. In this abnormality determination, the integrated amount J shown in FIG.
Instead of comparing the allowable amount j with the allowable amount j, the abnormality determination is performed by comparing the change amount K of the integrated amount and the allowable change amount k shown in FIG. The rate of change of the integrated amount can be obtained, for example, by dividing the difference between the integrated amounts before and after the measurement time point by the time interval.

The permissible rate of change can be determined according to the time within a certain period in which abnormality determination is performed. Even if the rate of change is the same, the criteria for determining abnormality in the first half and the second half are different within a certain period. As a result, it is possible to reduce the determination error caused by the change in the change rate in the previous period.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the setting of a plurality of allowable change rates. 14A shows a change in the integrated amount, FIG. 14B shows a case where one allowable change rate is set, and FIG. 14C shows a case where a plurality of allowable change rates are set. . As shown in FIG. 14A, even if the change amount of the accumulated amount is the same in the first period and the second period within a certain period (for example, 24 hours), the accumulated amount may soon exceed the allowable amount in the first period. However, since the accumulated amount increases in the latter half of the period, there is a higher possibility that the accumulated amount will soon exceed the allowable amount. Therefore, when one allowable change rate is set as shown in FIG. 14B, the cumulative amount is less likely to exceed the allowable amount as compared with the latter period,
In addition, an abnormality determination may be issued in the previous period when it takes a relatively long time to exceed the allowable amount.

Therefore, the allowable change rate in the first half is set to be higher than that in the second half so that the abnormalities in the first half and the second half are judged to be the same. FIG. 14C illustrates an example in which the rate of change is set to be low in order of the three stages of the first half, the middle half, and the second half.

Further, the allowable change rate of the integrated amount can be determined according to the integrated amount and the timing within a fixed period. Figure 15
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the allowable change rate, the integrated amount, and the timing. As shown in FIG. 15A, the extent to which the rate of change of the integrated amount contributes to the abnormality determination differs depending on the integrated amount and the timing within a certain period. For example, even if the change rate is the same in the latter period, the possibility of exceeding the allowable amount is smaller when the integrated amount is smaller than when the integrated amount is large. Therefore, the allowable change rate is determined according to the integrated amount and the time within a certain period. FIG. 15B shows an example of the allowable change rate with respect to the integrated amount and the time (time) within a certain period. The change characteristic of the allowable change rate with respect to the integrated amount and time can be arbitrarily set by the measurement target, the monitoring mechanism, or the like.

Abnormality determination may be performed by combining the above-described respective aspects, and the abnormality determination is performed by at least any two aspects, and any one or at least two of the results of these abnormality determinations are simultaneously abnormalized. If judged, an alarm is output.

Further, the remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention is
It can be applied to anomaly monitoring during a series of related processes, and performs multiple measurement units along the processing steps, and based on the measurement values acquired in each measurement and the output order and time interval of the measurement values. It is possible to determine the measured value and the abnormality of the measuring unit. For example, it can be applied to each step of wastewater treatment.

FIG. 16 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to each step of wastewater treatment. In FIG. 16, drainage measurement is performed at each of measurement locations 1 and 2 in a series of related processes including a manufacturing process and a wastewater treatment process. Abnormality determination is performed on the measurement values acquired at each measurement location in each of the above-described modes, and the abnormal location is determined based on the determination result and the measurement time difference.

For example, in wastewater treatment, a certain amount of time is required until the quality of wastewater begins to change in the wastewater treatment process. Therefore, in a series of processes, a certain period of time has elapsed since the abnormality determination was made in the preceding stage. If there is no change in the measured value in the latter stage, it can be determined that the measuring instrument in the former stage is abnormal.

For example, when the abnormality determination is made at the measurement location 1 and the abnormality determination is not made at the measurement location 2, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the manufacturing process. Also,
When the abnormality determination is not made at the measurement location 1 and the abnormality determination is made at the measurement location 2, it is determined that the measuring instrument at the measurement location 2 is abnormal when the intervals between the measurements are within a certain time, and each measurement is performed. When a certain time has passed, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the wastewater treatment process.

When an abnormality is determined at the measurement location 1 and the measurement location 2, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the manufacturing process and the measuring instrument at the measurement location 2 if the intervals between the measurements are within a certain time. When a certain time has passed between measurements, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the manufacturing process and wastewater treatment process.

In addition to performing the above-described abnormality determinations and alarms at the measurement location, as shown in FIG. 17 (a), the alarms generated at factory A and factory B are installed at remote locations (for example, the head office factory). It can also be displayed above. For the alarm display at a remote place, for example, an arbitrary display means such as a personal computer, a buzzer, or an alarm lamp can be used. In addition, the Internet, leased line, public telephone circuit,
Various forms of networks can be used for PHS / mobile phone lines, LAN lines, and the like.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17 (b), the calculation of the integrated amount and the abnormality judgment are not performed at the measurement sites, the factories A and B, but at the remote terminals (processing devices) installed at remote locations. Is also good. According to this aspect, the measuring device does not need a calculation function or a processing function, so that the applicable range of the system is widened. In addition,
Whether the calculation or determination is performed at the measurement location or at the remote terminal side can be determined according to the processing to which the system of the present invention is applied.

In the above configuration example, the measuring unit 2 and the monitoring unit 3
The communication means 4 for connecting with the Internet is LA or LA.
It may be a communication network such as N, a dedicated line, or a combination thereof. FIG. 18 shows a configuration example including the Internet 4A and the LAN 4B as the communication means 4.

In the configuration example shown in FIG. 18, the measuring section 2
A and 2B transmit to the monitoring unit 3 via the Internet 4A, and the measuring unit 2C transmits to the monitoring unit 3 via the LAN 4B. In this configuration example, the measuring units 2A and 2B have the transmitting means 2b.
As a data transmitter 2b1 and a mobile terminal 2b2,
It is transmitted to the mail server 4b1 included in the receiving unit 3b on the monitoring unit 3 side via the Internet 4A. Data transmitter 2
b1 converts the measurement values acquired from the measuring means 2a1, 2a2, 2a3 into text (character string), and then the mobile terminal 2b.
Send from 2 by e-mail. When sending by mail, the measurement data is converted into a character string and sent to the monitoring unit 3.

The measuring section 2C is equipped with a data transmitter 2b1 as the transmitting means 2b, and the monitoring section 3 via the LAN 4B.
Send to. The data transmitter 2b1 has a measuring means 2a1,
The receiving unit 3 on the monitoring unit 3 side that converts the measurement values acquired from 2a2 and 2a3 into transmission data and transmits the transmission data via the LAN 4B.
It is transmitted to the server 4b2 included in b.

The monitoring unit 3 includes a mail server 3b1 in the receiving means 3b for receiving the mail transmitted from the measuring units 2A and 2B via the Internet 4A.
The receiving means 3b includes the server 3b2 for receiving the transmission data transmitted from C via the LAN 4B. Further, the monitoring unit 3 includes, for example, a personal computer 3d1 as the signal processing unit 3d, reads a mail received by the mail server 3b1, converts a character string signal in the mail into measurement data, and performs abnormality determination, and the server 3b2. The received transmission data is read, and abnormality determination is performed based on this transmission data. Alternatively, the personal computer 3d1 and the LAN 4B may be directly connected without installing the server 3b2 to directly receive the data. The abnormality judgment result and measurement data are
It is displayed on the display means 3c or recorded on the recording means 3a.

Although the above-mentioned configuration example shows an example in which the abnormality determination is performed on the monitoring unit 3 side, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the abnormality determination is performed on the measurement unit side. FIG. 19 shows an example of a configuration for making an abnormality determination on the measuring section side. Each measuring unit 2 includes a signal processing unit 2d and each measuring unit 2a.
Abnormality determination is performed for each of the measurement values obtained from 1, 2a2, 2a3, and the determination result is transmitted from the transmitting / receiving unit 2e to the transmitting / receiving unit 3e on the monitoring unit 3 side via the communication unit 4.

The monitoring section 3 is provided with the control means 3f, and displays the judgment result and the measurement data of the abnormality judgment received by the transmission / reception means 3e on the display means 3c or the recording means 3a. Further, the control means 3f can transmit a setting signal to the signal processing means 2d of the measuring unit 2 via the communication means 4 to set or change the reference value and the setting range when making an abnormality determination.

According to the aspect of the present invention, since it is possible to take measures before an abnormality occurs, it is possible to prevent an accident or a failure from occurring.

Further, since the occurrence of an accident or failure can be predicted in advance, it is possible to reduce the cost required to restore the normal state in the event of an accident or failure.

Further, according to the aspect of the present invention, since the abnormality determination can be automatically performed, it is possible to eliminate the need for a dedicated supervisor.

[0099]

As described above, according to the remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention, an abnormality can be detected before an abnormal value is observed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of a remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of signals for explaining one aspect of abnormality determination according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining one aspect of abnormality determination according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a signal example for explaining another aspect of abnormality determination according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining another aspect of abnormality determination according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart for explaining a processing operation procedure of abnormality determination using the shift register of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a state diagram for explaining the state of the shift register in the abnormality determination processing operation of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a first mode of abnormality determination based on an integrated amount of measured values according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a second mode of abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a third mode of abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a fourth mode of abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining another example of the fourth mode of abnormality determination based on the integrated amount of measured values according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining abnormality determination based on the change rate of the integrated amount according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining setting of a plurality of allowable change rates according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the allowable change rate of the present invention, the integrated amount, and the timing.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example in which the present invention is applied to each step of wastewater treatment.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a measurement place and a monitoring place of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram for explaining another configuration of the remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram for explaining another configuration of the remote abnormality monitoring system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Remote abnormality monitoring system, 2, 2A, 2B, 2C ... Measuring part, 2a1, 2a2, 2a3 ... Measuring means, 2b ... Transmitting means, 2b1 ... Data transmitter, 2b2 ... Portable terminal, 2
c ... timer, 2d ... signal processing means, 2e ... transmitting / receiving means,
3 ... Monitoring unit, 3a ... Recording means, 3b ... Receiving means, 3b1
... mail server, 3b2 ... server, 3c ... display means, 3
d ... Signal processing means, 3d1 ... Personal computer,
3e ... Transmission / reception means, 3f ... Control means, 4 ... Communication means, 4
A ... Internet, 4B ... LAN, a, b ... Standard value,
A, B ... Curve.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) G08C 19/00 301 G08C 17/00 Z F term (reference) 2F073 AA19 BB01 BB04 BB07 BC01 BC02 BC04 BC05 CC01 CC08 CD11 EE01 FG01 FG04 GG01 GG06 GG08 GG09 5C086 AA11 AA39 BA20 CA30 CB01 CB40 DA08 DA14 EA11 EA41 EA45 5C087 AA02 AA03 AA12 AA24 AA32 GG27GG17 GG14 FF17 DD04 FF07 DD04 DD04 DD27 DD04 DD27 DD02 DD03 DD02 DD03 DD03 DD02 DD03 DD23 GG31 GG46 GG66 GG67 GG70 GG71 GG83 5H223 AA01 AA15 BB01 CC08 DD07 DD09 EE06 EE11 FF08

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. The measuring unit and the monitoring unit are remote from each other,
What is claimed is: 1. A remote abnormality monitoring system for monitoring abnormality of a measured value, wherein the abnormality is monitored based on a change with time within a set range of the measured value. 2. When the measured value is continuously observed a plurality of times within a set range, it is determined to be abnormal.
The remote abnormality monitoring system according to claim 1. 3. The setting range is set according to a determination range defined with respect to a reference value.
Or the remote abnormality monitoring system according to 2. 4. The measuring unit and the monitoring unit are remote from each other,
A remote anomaly monitoring system for monitoring anomalies in measured values, comparing an integrated amount of measured values with a comparison amount that is a fixed ratio or a fixed amount lower than a preset allowable value of the integrated amount,
A remote abnormality monitoring system, characterized in that when the accumulated amount exceeds a comparison amount within a certain period, it is judged as abnormal. 5. The measuring unit and the monitoring unit are remote from each other,
It is a remote abnormality monitoring system that monitors abnormalities in measured values, and compares the predicted integrated amount obtained by predicting the integrated amount within a certain period using the integrated amount up to the measurement time point with a preset reference value. A remote abnormality monitoring system, characterized in that when the predicted integrated amount exceeds a reference value, it is determined to be abnormal. 6. The measuring unit and the monitoring unit are remote from each other,
A remote anomaly monitoring system that monitors abnormalities in measured values, using a preset allowable value for the integrated amount within a fixed period, and allowing the integrated amount for each time period by dividing the fixed period into multiple parts. A remote abnormality monitoring system characterized by determining a value and determining an abnormality when an integrated amount of measured values exceeds a determined allowable value. 7. The measuring unit and the monitoring unit are remote from each other,
A remote anomaly monitoring system that monitors abnormalities in measured values, statistically processing the past measurement results to obtain a change curve of the integrated amount per predetermined time interval, and a fixed ratio from the integrated amount of the measured value and the change curve. Alternatively, a remote abnormality monitoring system is characterized in that a comparison is made with a comparison amount that exceeds a certain amount, and if the integrated amount of the actual measurement value exceeds the calculated comparison amount, it is determined as an abnormality. 8. The measuring unit and the monitoring unit are remote from each other,
A remote abnormality monitoring system for monitoring abnormalities in measured values, comparing the rate of change of the accumulated value of measured values with a preset allowable change rate of the accumulated value, and when the rate of change exceeds the allowable change rate. A remote abnormality monitoring system characterized by determining abnormality. 9. The abnormality determination according to at least any one of claims 1 to 8 is performed, and an alarm is output when any one or at least two abnormal determinations are performed at the same time. Yes, a remote abnormality monitoring system. 10. The remote abnormality monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the measuring unit is a device that continuously measures the quality of drainage water. 11. A plurality of the measurement units are arranged along a wastewater treatment process of wastewater, and a monitoring unit is based on the measurement values acquired from each of the measurement units and the output order and time interval of the measurement values,
11. The remote abnormality monitoring system according to claim 10, wherein abnormality determination of a measured value and / or a measuring unit is performed.