JP2003191873A - Air resistance reducing device of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air resistance reducing device of a vehicle capable of reducing air resistance of a cargo vehicle in a loaded state of a loading box, as well as a non-loaded state. <P>SOLUTION: A reducing device 21 is attached to a cabin roof 15 of a tractor 11 capable of towing a trailer 13 loaded with a loading box 12. The reducing device 21 is equipped with a plate 22 rotatably supported to the cabin roof 15 by a rotation supporting part 25, and a cylinder 23 arranged at the back of the plate 22. The cylinder 23 is designed to make the height of the plate 22 to a first predetermined height H1 for reducing air resistance under a condition that the tractor 11 drives while towing the trailer 13 by pushing a piston rod 23a. When the trailer 13 is not towed and only the tractor 11 drives, the cylinder 23 is designed to make the height of the plate 22 to a second predetermined length H2 for restraining exfoliation of air flow generated in the cabin roof 15 and reducing the air resistance by towing the piston rod 23a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air resistance reducing device for a vehicle, and more specifically, in a cargo vehicle such as a tractor for pulling a trailer on which a luggage box is loaded, in addition to a state where the luggage box is mounted, The present invention relates to a vehicle air resistance reduction device that is suitable for reducing air resistance even when a luggage box is not loaded.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a freight vehicle, not only a tractor that pulls a trailer loaded with a load box but also a state where the trailer is not pulled, the vehicle does not have a load box. However, there are some things that drive often. When the luggage box is loaded, the upper surface of the luggage box is higher than the cabin roof, so that the air resistance in the traveling state increases. To reduce this increase in air resistance,
An air deflector may be attached to the cabin roof. The air deflector receives the air flow flowing toward the front of the packing box and changes its flow direction relatively smoothly toward the upper surface of the packing box,
It is designed to reduce air resistance.

However, when the vehicle is traveling without a cargo box as in the case where the trailer is not towed, the air resistance increases when the air deflector is left standing as compared with the case without the air deflector. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, the air deflector 81 disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,375,898 can be tilted along the cabin roof 82. The air deflector 81 is
In the state in which the packing boxes are loaded, it is possible to stand as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.

[0004]

However, as shown in FIG. 8, since the air deflector 81 is so large as to cover the entire cabin roof 82, the air resistance of the tractor is reduced even when the air deflector 81 is tilted. There is a problem that The air deflector is often large like the air deflector 81. In addition, there is a problem that the air deflector 81 is large in size and expensive.

Further, it is very time-consuming to remove the air deflector when traveling without the luggage box and reattach the air deflector with the luggage box because the air deflector is large. Unrealistic.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to reduce the air resistance of a freight vehicle in a state where a cargo box is loaded and also when the cargo box is not loaded. To provide a reduction device.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is capable of removing a packing box,
Alternatively, a vehicle air resistance reduction device installed on the cabin roof of a cargo vehicle in which the height difference between the cabin roof and the cargo box changes by changing the size of the cargo box, the air resistance of the cargo vehicle is reduced. The height of the reducing member by moving the reducing member while being installed on the cabin roof, the height of the reducing member is higher than the upper surface of the luggage box from the cabin roof in a traveling state. The first predetermined height capable of reducing the air resistance due to a high vehicle speed at a predetermined vehicle speed, the traveling state without loading the luggage box, or the air resistance in the freight vehicle mainly due to the exchange of the luggage box In the traveling state at the height of the luggage box, which is caused by the separation of, the air resistance is suppressed by suppressing the separation of the air flow generated in the cabin roof at a predetermined vehicle speed. And summarized in that changeable in a second predetermined height which can decrease.

According to the present invention, when the luggage box is present,
The air resistance is reduced by the reduction member arranged so as to have the first predetermined height. Also, in the state where there is no luggage box, or even when the luggage box is loaded, the air resistance of the freight vehicle is mainly caused by the separation of the air flow due to the exchange of the luggage box,
The reducing member is arranged such that its height becomes the second predetermined height. In the cabin roof, the airflow flowing toward the front surface of the freight vehicle flows upward at the front end of the cabin roof, whereby airflow separation occurs, and this airflow separation reaches a second predetermined height. Is suppressed by the reducing member arranged as described above. By suppressing this separation, the air resistance of the freight vehicle is reduced compared to the case where nothing is attached to the cabin roof. For this reason, the air resistance of the freight vehicle can be reduced in the unloaded state as well as in the loaded state.

Here, the flow separation region is a backflow region that occurs in the vicinity of the surface of the object when the main flow near the surface of the object is not flowing along the object. The region in which the main flow flows is the steady flow region. The steady flow region and the separation region are obtained according to the shape and size of the tractor and the vehicle speed, for example, by a wind tunnel experiment. The reducing member is arranged at a position determined by a wind tunnel experiment so as to suppress the separation of the tractor depending on the vehicle speed in a normal traveling state.

Further, even if the cargo box is loaded, if the air resistance of the freight vehicle is mainly caused by the separation of the air flow due to the exchange of the cargo box, for example, the height of the cargo box and the height of the cabin roof are almost the same. In some cases, there may be a slight difference in height between the two, or in a case where the packing box is lower than the cabin rule. In these cases, the reduction member arranged so as to have the second predetermined height suppresses the separation of the air flow and reduces the air resistance of the freight vehicle.

The predetermined vehicle speed is, for example, a vehicle speed when the tractor normally travels on a public road, for example, 40 km.
/ H to 50 km / h. For example, the vehicle speed is 20 km / h
In some cases, the suppression of peeling may be insufficient due to the difference in the peeled region depending on the speed. However, depending on the environment in which the usage ratio is high, priority is given to the setting of the reducing member that is most effective in reducing the air resistance of the tractor in the vehicle speed region where the usage ratio is high. The air resistance can be effectively reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a driving means for moving the reducing member is provided so as to reach the first or second predetermined height. Use as a summary. According to the present invention, the reducing member is moved by the driving means such as the cylinder or the motor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the reducing member includes a single plate rotatably supported by the cabin roof,
The gist is that the height of the plate is changed to the first or second predetermined height by rotating the plate. According to the present invention, the height of the plate can be changed to the first or second predetermined height by rotating the single plate.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first or second aspect, the reducing member includes two plates, and one of the second predetermined heights is attached to the cabin roof. One end of the other plate is rotatably attached to the upper end of the plate of the other plate, and the other plate has a height of the upper end of the first plate.
The gist is that the length is formed so as to reach a predetermined height. According to this invention, by rotating the other plate, the height of the upper end of the plate with respect to the cabin roof can be adjusted to the first height.
Alternatively, the height can be changed to the second predetermined height.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the reducing member includes two plates, and one of the second predetermined heights attached to the cabin roof. The other plate is slidably attached to the plate of (1) and the height of the upper end of the other plate is adjusted to the first predetermined height by moving the other plate upward, and the other plate is moved downward. Thus, the gist is that the height of the upper end is changed to the second predetermined height. According to the present invention, the height of the upper end of the other plate can be changed to the first or second predetermined height by sliding the other plate up and down.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the reducing member includes two plates, and one of the second predetermined heights is attached to the cabin roof. With respect to the other plate, the other plate is placed behind the one plate in the cabin roof so that the height of the other plate is the second predetermined height, and the height of the upper end of the other plate. The gist is that the other plate is configured to be movable so that the other plate is placed on the one plate so that the first plate has a first predetermined height. According to the present invention, the two plates are arranged so as to have the second predetermined height in the front-rear direction of the cabin roof without the luggage box.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in an air resistance reducing device attached to a cabin roof of a tractor will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1A shows a schematic side view of a tractor to which an air resistance reducing device is attached and pulls the trailer, and FIG. 1B shows a schematic side view of the tractor with the trailer removed.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a tractor 11 as a freight vehicle is capable of towing a trailer 13 loaded with a luggage box 12. The upper surface 14 of the luggage box 12 is higher than the cabin roof 15 of the tractor 11. Also,
As shown in FIG. 1B, the tractor 11 has a trailer 13
It is possible to run with only the tractor 11 from which the is removed.

On the cabin roof 15 of the tractor 11,
A reduction device 21 as an air resistance reduction device is attached. The reduction device 21 includes a plate 22 and a cylinder 23 as a driving unit that drives the plate 22. Board 22
Is a rotation support part 2 attached to the cabin roof 15.
It is rotatably supported with respect to the cabin roof 15 by 5. The rotation support portion 25 is formed at a position of a predetermined distance X from the front end of the cabin roof 15. Board 22
Is formed such that the length from the lower end to the upper end becomes a predetermined length L. In addition, the cabin roof 15 to the plate 22
Let H be the height to the upper end of.

The cylinder 23 is arranged behind the plate 22, and the plate 22 can be rotated by retracting the piston rod 23a. The cylinder 23 is the cabin roof 1
It is rotatably supported with respect to 5, and the end portion of the piston rod 23a is attached to the substantially central portion of the plate 22. The cylinder 23 pushes out the piston rod 23a to increase the height of the plate 22, thereby increasing the height H of the plate 22.
Is set to a first predetermined height H1 that reduces air resistance when the tractor 11 pulls the trailer 13 to travel. Further, the cylinder 23 lowers the height of the plate 22 by retracting the piston rod 23a,
The height H of the plate 22 is set to the tractor 1 without pulling the trailer 13.
The second predetermined height H2 is set so as to reduce the air resistance when traveling only by one.

The predetermined distance X, the predetermined length L of the plate 22, and the first and second predetermined heights H1 and H2 were determined by wind tunnel experiments or the like according to the sizes of the tractor 11 and the trailer 13, the vehicle speed, and the like. It is set to a value.

When the tractor 11 is in a traveling state, an air flow relatively to the tractor 11 flows from the front to the rear of the tractor 11. This air flow (main flow) does not flow along the cabin roof 15 because it separates near the front end of the cabin roof 15 of the tractor 11, and a reverse flow region, that is, a separation region occurs near the cabin roof 15. . The region in which the main flow flows is the steady flow region. The size of the peeling area corresponds to the vehicle speed of the tractor 11, whether or not the trailer 13 is being pulled, and the like.

The second predetermined height H2 is a wind tunnel test or the like so as to suppress the peeling and reduce the air resistance in a state corresponding to the vehicle speed in a normal traveling state when traveling only by the tractor 11. It is set to the value obtained by. Here, the vehicle speed of the tractor 11 in a normal traveling state is, for example, a vehicle speed when the tractor 11 travels on a public road that is not a highway, and is, for example, 40 km / h to 50 km / h.

The first predetermined height H1 is a normal traveling state according to the height difference between the cabin roof 15 and the upper surface of the luggage box 12 when the tractor 11 is towing the trailer 13 while traveling. The value is set to a value obtained by a wind tunnel experiment or the like so as to suppress the air resistance according to the vehicle speed.

Next, the operation of the reducing device constructed as described above will be described. In the state where the tractor 11 travels by pulling the trailer 13 on which the luggage box 12 is loaded, the cylinder 23 pushes out the piston rod 23a,
The plate 22 is arranged so that its height becomes the first predetermined height H1. The plate 22 guides the air flow flowing toward the front surface of the luggage box 12 so as to flow toward the upper surface 14 of the luggage box 12, and reduces the air resistance in the tractor 11 and the luggage box 12.

Further, the tractor 1 is not pulled by the trailer 13.
When the vehicle travels with only 1, the piston rod 23a is retracted by the cylinder 23, and the plate 22 is arranged so that its height becomes the second predetermined height H2. Due to the plate 22 having a second predetermined height H2, the cabin roof 15
Is suppressed, and the air resistance of the tractor 11 is reduced.

Next, an experimental example of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 2A, this experimental apparatus is equipped with a model 31 of the head of the tractor 11. The model 31 is supported by a support rail (not shown) so as to be smoothly movable in the front-rear direction. A blower (not shown) is provided in front of the model 31. A load cell 33 is disposed behind the model 31 via a support portion 32, and the load cell 33 has a support shaft 3 extending rearward from the rear surface of the model 31.
4 is attached. The load cell 33 has a built-in strain gauge and can detect the voltage corresponding to the load received through the support shaft 34. In this way, in this experimental device, the air resistance of the model 31 due to the wind from the blower can be detected by the load cell 33.

The model 31 has a height and a width of 100 mm. Therefore, the projected area S of the model 31 to the front is S =
It is 100 mm × 100 mm = 0.01 m ² .
Further, in the model 31, the portion corresponding to the window on the front surface of the tractor 11 is slanted, and the upper half of the front surface is slanted. As a result, the front end of the cabin roof 35 of the model 31 is 20 m from the lower front surface 36 of the model 31.
m behind me. Further, the length of the model 31 in the front-rear direction is 115 mm, and the length of the cabin roof 35 in the front-rear direction is 95 mm.

In the experiment, the blower blows wind with a wind speed of 11.0 m / s to the model 31. Also, the air resistance C of the model 31
Is obtained from the voltage value E obtained by the load cell 33 by C = (0.2465E + 0.0015) × 9.8 ... Equation (1).

Further, generally air resistance coefficient C _D used to represent the air resistance is determined by _{C D = C / (1 /} 2ρV 2 S) ... Equation (2).

In this experiment, the air density ρ = 1.2 kg /
Assuming that m ^{3 is} the wind speed V = 11.0 m / s, and the projected area S of the front of the model 31 is S = 0.01 m ² , C _D = C / (1/2 × 1.2 × 11.0 ² × 0.01 ) ... The air resistance coefficient C _D was calculated by the equation (3).

The following experiment was conducted using the experimental apparatus having the above-mentioned configuration. (Example 1) First, in Example 1, the cabin roof 35
At the position 41 behind the front end by a distance X.
Attached. The plate 41 has a length L from the lower end to the upper end.
It has become. The plate 41 is attached so as to incline upward toward the rear, and the height from the cabin roof 35 to the upper end of the plate 41 is H. And
An experiment was conducted by changing the distance X and changing the height H by changing the inclination of the plate 41 in some plates 41 having different lengths L. Further, the ratio (reduction ratio) in which the air resistance coefficient C _D was reduced as compared with the case where the plate 41 was not attached to the model 31 was calculated, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. In addition, the plate 4 is attached to the rotation support part attached to the cabin roof 35.
Since the inclination of the plate 41 was changed by mounting No. 1, for example, when the plate 41 having a length L of 15 mm was erected, the height H became 16.5 mm higher by the amount of the rotation support portion (1.5 mm). .

[0034]

[Table 1] As shown in Table 1, the length L is 12 mm, 15 mm, 30
mm plate, the distance X is 15 mm, 25 mm, 45
In each case of mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was obtained with respect to the change of the height H of the plate 41.

When the length L of the plate 41 is 15 mm, the distance X
When the height H was 15 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 12.18% when the height H was 11 mm. Also, the distance X is 25
In the case of mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is 10.54% when the height H is 12 mm, and when the distance X is 45 mm,
The maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is 8.19 when the height H is 13 mm.
%was gotten.

When the length L of the plate 41 is 30 mm,
When the distance X was 15 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 12.19% when the height H was 9 mm. Further, when the distance X is 25 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is 11.77% when the height H is 11 mm, and when the distance X is 45 mm, the resistance reduction is performed when the height H is 13.5 mm. A maximum value of 11.88% was obtained.

As described above, substantially the same resistance reduction rate was obtained when the length L of the plate 41 was 15 mm and when the length L was 30 mm. Further, when the plate 41 rises so as to be perpendicular to the cabin roof 35, the resistance may not be reduced.

In this experiment, the distance X is 15 mm, 2
Although it was set to 5 mm and 45 mm, when the distance X was set to 7 mm, the resistance reduction rate was low, and conversely the resistance increased. (Example 2) In Example 2, as shown in FIG.
An experiment was carried out in the case where a model 45 as a model of a trailer was attached behind the model 31. Since the model 45 has a box shape and a height of 140 mm, the height difference between the cabin roof 35 and the upper surface of the model 45 is 40 mm.
It has become. Further, since the model 45 has a width of 100 mm, the projected area S to the front with the model 45 attached to the model 31 is S = 140 mm × 100 mm = 0.014 m ²
It has become. The length of the model 45 in the front-rear direction is 20.
It is 0 mm.

An experiment was conducted by attaching a plate 41 having a length L of 30 mm to the cabin roof 35. The resistance reduction rate is the rate at which the air resistance coefficient C _D is reduced as compared with the case where no plate is attached to the cabin roof 35.

[0040]

[Table 2] As shown in Table 2, when the distance X is 10 mm and 15 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is obtained with respect to the change in the height H. When the distance X is 10 mm and the height H is 24 mm, The maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 11.69%. Further, when the distance X was 15 mm and the height H was 26 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 11.77%.

When the model of the air deflector is attached to the cabin roof 35 and the front end of the cabin roof 35 to the front end of the upper surface of the model 45 are covered, 11.44%
The resistance reduction rate was obtained. Thus, the length L is 30m
By attaching the m plate 41, a resistance reduction rate similar to that of the air deflector was obtained.

In this experiment, a plate having a length L of 30 mm was used. However, when a plate having a length L of 15 mm was used,
The resistance reduction rate was low, or conversely the resistance increased. From this, it was found that when the model 45 is attached to the model 31, it is effective to use a plate having a length L of 30 mm instead of a plate having a length of 15 mm in order to reduce the resistance.

In this experiment, the height of the front surface of the tractor model 31 was 100 mm, and the model 4 of the cabin roof and the luggage box was used.
When the height difference from the upper surface of No. 5 was 40 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was obtained when the plate height was 24 mm or 26 mm.
Expressing this as a ratio, the difference in height between the cabin roof and the upper surface of the luggage box (40 mm) is the height of the front surface of the tractor (100 mm).
When the plate height H is 40%, the plate height H is about 60% to 65% with respect to the height difference (100 mm) between the cabin roof and the upper surface of the luggage box, and the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is It is obtained. It is considered that this height is suitable for the first predetermined height H1.

(Embodiment 3) In Embodiment 3, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), a plate 4 bent rearward at a half height position.
6 was attached to the cabin roof 35 and an experiment was conducted. The upper half 47 of the plate 46 is 1 against the lower half 48 of the plate 46.
Bent back 2 °. The length L of the plate 46 is the upper half 4
The length H is the sum of the length of 7 and the length of the lower half 48, and the height H indicates the height from the cabin roof 35 to the upper end of the plate 46. Then, the length L of the plate 46 was set to 30 mm for the experiment.

[0045]

[Table 3] As shown in Table 3, when the distance X is 10 mm and 15 mm
In each of the cases, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is obtained with respect to the change of the height H, and when the distance X is 10 mm, the height H
When the value was 24 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 12.69%. When the distance X is 15 mm, the height H is 2
The maximum value of the resistance reduction rate of 13.17% was obtained at 6 mm.

By comparing Tables 2 and 3, it is considered that bending the plate is more effective in reducing the resistance. (Example 4) In Example 4, as shown in FIG.
With the model 45 of the packing box removed and only the model 31 is present, another plate 49 is placed behind the plate 41 in the cabin roof 35.
Attached to the cabin roof 35, a total of two plates 41,
49 was attached. Regarding the plate 41, the distance from the front end of the cabin roof 35 to the plate 41 was Xa, the length of the plate 41 was La, and the height from the cabin roof 35 to the upper end of the plate 41 was Ha. Regarding the plate 49, the distance from the front end of the cabin roof 35 to the plate 49 was Xb, the length of the plate 49 was Lb, and the height from the cabin roof 35 to the upper end of the plate 49 was Hb. The plates 41 and 49 have lengths La and Lb of 1
5 mm and 12 mm were used.

[0047]

[Table 4] As shown in Table 4, the lengths La and Lb of the plates 41 and 49 are 1
For each of the case of 2 mm and the case of 15 mm, the plate 4
When the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is obtained with respect to the change of the height Hb of 9, the lengths La and Lb are 15 mm, the distance Xb of the plate 49 is 30 mm, and the height Hb of the plate 49 is 12 mm. The maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 13.99%. If the distance Xb of the plate 49 is 45 mm, the height Hb is 12 mm.
At that time, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 14.75%.

By using two plates in this way,
A resistance reduction rate larger than the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate of 12.18% (see Table 1) in the case of one plate having a length L of 15 mm was obtained.

Further, the lengths La and Lb of the plates 41 and 49 are 1
When the distance Xb of the plate 49 is 2 mm and the distance Xb is 30 mm, the height H
The maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is 13.8 when b is 13.5 mm.
5% was obtained.

Comparing Tables 1 and 4 shows that the resistance reduction rate was larger when two plates were attached to the cabin roof 35 than when there was only one plate. (Fifth Embodiment) In the fifth embodiment, the packing box model 45 is replaced with the model 31.
With the model 45 attached to the
The height difference between the cabin roof 35 and the upper surface of the model 45 of the luggage box is set to 55 mm. Then, an experiment was performed with one plate attached to the cabin roof 35. The plate used had a length L of 30 mm, 35 mm, and 40 mm. If the length L of the plate is 40 mm, the plate is halved to 20 mm.
An experiment was also performed when the sample was bent at 12 ° or 20 ° at the point. Table 5 shows the results when the plate length L was 30 mm and 35 mm, and Table 6 shows the results when the plate length L was 40 m.

[0051]

[Table 5]

[0052]

[Table 6] As shown in Table 5 and Table 6, the length L of the plate 41 is 40 mm.
In the case of, a larger resistance reduction rate was obtained than when the length L was 30 mm and 35 mm. If the length L is 40 mm and the distance X is 15 mm and the plate is not bent, the height H is 3
The maximum value of the resistance reduction rate of 15.33% was obtained at 8 mm.

When the plate is bent by 12 °, the height H
The maximum value of resistance reduction rate is 16.50% when is 38 mm, and when the plate is bent 20 °, the height H is 38 mm.
At that time, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was 16.05%.
In this way, the resistance of the bent plate was effectively reduced as compared with the case where the plate was not bent. Further, when the bending angle was 12 °, the resistance was effectively reduced as compared with the case where the bending angle was 20 °.

When the model of the air deflector is attached to the cabin roof 35 to cover the front end of the cabin roof 35 to the front end of the upper surface of the model 45, 15.83%
The resistance reduction rate was obtained. Thus, the length L is 45m
A resistance reduction rate of 15% or more was obtained both when the m plate was attached and when the air deflector model was attached.

From Tables 5 and 6, it is considered necessary to increase the plate length L as the height difference between the cabin roof 35 and the upper surface of the luggage box increases. Further, when the height difference is 55 mm as in this experiment, if the plate length L is further increased to, for example, 45 mm, a larger resistance reduction rate may be obtained.

In this experiment, the tractor model 31
When the height of the front surface of the board was 100 mm and the height difference between the cabin roof and the top surface of the model 45 of the luggage box was 55 mm, the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate was obtained when the board height H was 38 mm. Expressing this as a ratio, the height difference (55 mm) between the cabin roof and the upper surface of the luggage box is the height of the front surface of the tractor (100 m).
In the case of 55% with respect to m), the plate height H is approximately 69.1% with respect to the height difference (55 mm) between the cabin roof and the upper surface of the packing box, and the maximum value of the resistance reduction rate is obtained. It has been done. It is considered that this height is suitable for the first predetermined height H1.

According to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained. (1) In the state where the luggage box 12 is not provided, the plate 22 is arranged so that the height thereof becomes the second predetermined height H2, so that peeling in the cabin roof 15 is suppressed and nothing is left in the cabin roof 15. The air resistance can be reduced compared to the state where it is not attached.

(2) The packing box 12 is loaded by a relatively simple structure in which the plate 22 is rotated by the cylinder 23 and is arranged at the first predetermined height H1 and the second predetermined height H2. In addition to the state, the air resistance of the tractor 11 can be reduced even when the luggage box 12 is not loaded, and the fuel efficiency of the tractor 11 can be improved.

(3) When there is no luggage box 12, two boards are attached to the cabin roof 15 side by side,
Peeling can be suppressed more effectively and air resistance can be reduced than when one plate is attached.

The embodiment is not limited to the above embodiment, but may be modified as follows. The reducing device is not limited to the structure in which the height of the plate is set to the first or second predetermined height by rotating one plate rotatably attached to the cabin roof 15.
For example, one end of another plate is rotatably attached to the upper end of the plate having the second predetermined height H2. The other plate is formed to have a length such that the height of the upper end thereof reaches the first predetermined height. Then, the reduction device may be configured so that the height of the upper end of the plate is changed to the first or second predetermined height by rotating the other plate.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the plate 51 is attached to the cabin roof 15 so as to have the second predetermined height H2. The plate 51 is a rotation support portion 51.
It is attached to the cabin roof 15 via a. And
A plurality of engaging holes (not shown) for inserting the engaging pins are formed in the rotation supporting portion 51a, and engaging holes are also formed in the plate 51 so that the plate 51 has a second predetermined height H2. In this case, the plate 51 is positioned with respect to the cabin roof 15 by engaging an engaging pin (not shown) with the corresponding engaging hole. Further, one end of the plate 52 is rotatably attached to the upper end of the plate 51. Board 5 in the cabin roof 15
A cylinder 53 as a driving means for rotating the plate 52 is attached to the rear of the unit 1. Then, a mounting portion 54 is formed on the lower portion of the plate 52, and the end portion of the piston rod 53a of the cylinder 53 is mounted on the mounting portion 54.

In this construction, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), when the luggage box 12 is loaded, the piston rod 53a is pushed out by the cylinder 53 so that the plate 52 extends in the same direction as the plate 51. The height of the upper end of the plate 52 becomes the first predetermined height H1. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the luggage box 12 is not loaded, the cylinder 53 retracts the piston rod 53a so that the plate 52 is below the upper end of the plate 51, and the height of the upper end of the plate is It becomes the second predetermined height H2 of the plate 51.

Further, when a higher packing box is loaded and it is necessary to make the first predetermined height H1 higher so as to correspond to the height of the packing box, the height of the upper end of the plate 51 becomes higher. In order to increase the height, the engaging pin is engaged with another engaging hole in the rotation support portion 51a to increase the mounting angle of the plate 55 with respect to the cabin roof 15. Further, a valve (not shown) for supplying hydraulic pressure to the cylinder 53 is adjusted to increase the pushing amount of the piston rod 53a, and to increase the height of the upper end of the plate 52 when pushing the piston rod 53a. In this way, the first predetermined height H1 can be made higher to accommodate a higher packing box.

In the above case, the plate 52 is not limited to be arranged so as to extend in the same direction as the plate 51 in the state in which the luggage boxes 12 are loaded. For example, as shown in (Example 3),
The plate 52 may be arranged so as to be tilted slightly backward with respect to the plate 51.

The structure in which one of the two plates is moved to change the height of the upper end of the plate to the first or second predetermined height is to rotate the upper plate as described above. It is not limited to the configuration. For example, the upper plate is configured to be slidable up and down with respect to the lower plate, and when the upper plate is lowered, the height of the upper end of the plate becomes the second predetermined height H2, and when the upper plate is raised. In addition, the reducing device may be configured to have the first predetermined height H1.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), a plate 55 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is attached to the cabin roof 15 so that the height thereof becomes the second predetermined height H2.
The plate 55 is mounted on the cabin roof 1 via the rotation support portion 55a.
Attach to 5. Then, a plurality of engagement holes (not shown) for inserting the engagement pins are formed in the rotation support portion 55a, and an engagement hole is also formed in the plate 51 so that the plate 55 has a second predetermined height. When the height becomes H2, by engaging an engaging pin (not shown) into the corresponding engaging hole, the cabin roof 1
Position the plate 55 with respect to 5. Further, a plate 56 is assembled inside the plate 55 so as to be slidable with respect to the plate 55. The height of the upper end of the plate 56 is the first or second predetermined height H.
In order to fix the plate 56 to the plate 55 at the positions of 1 and H2, the engagement pin 57 is attached to the plate 55, and the side surface of the plate 56 is formed with the engagement hole 58 at a position corresponding to the engagement pin 57. In this configuration, the engaging pin 57 is removed and the plate 56 is slid, and the operation of attaching the engaging pin 57 and positioning the plate 56 is manually performed to adjust the height of the upper end of the plate 56 to the first or first position. It can be changed to the predetermined heights H1 and H2 of 2.

When a higher packing box is loaded and it is necessary to make the first predetermined height H1 higher so as to correspond to the height of the packing box, the height of the upper end of the plate 55 becomes higher. In order to increase the height, the engaging pin is engaged with another engaging hole in the rotation support portion 55a to increase the mounting angle of the plate 55 with respect to the cabin roof 15. Therefore, the height of the upper end of the plate 56 when the plate 56 is moved upward can be made higher, and the first predetermined height H1 can be made higher so as to correspond to a higher packing box.

As shown in (Embodiment 4), two plates may be attached in the front-rear direction of the cabin roof 15 when the luggage box 12 is not loaded. Also, three or more plates may be attached.

The height of each plate is the second predetermined height H
The two plates are arranged in the front-back direction of the cabin roof 15 so that the height becomes 2, and the rear plate of the two plates is moved onto the front plate, so that the height of the upper end of the moved plate is the first. It may be configured to have a predetermined height H1.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), a plate 61 having a substantially U-shaped cross section is attached to the cabin roof 15 so that the height thereof becomes the second predetermined height H2. The plate 61 is
It is attached to the cabin roof 15 via the rotation support portion 61a. Then, a plurality of engagement holes (not shown) for inserting the engagement pins are formed in the rotation support portion 61a, and an engagement hole is also formed in the plate 51 so that the plate 61 has a second predetermined height. When the height H2 is reached, the plate 61 is positioned with respect to the cabin roof 15 by engaging an engaging pin (not shown) with the corresponding engaging hole. A pair of support members 62 are rotatably attached to the cabin roof 15 inside the plate 61. A plate 63 is rotatably attached to the support member 62 at the tip of the support member 62.

When the support member 62 is tilted along the cabin roof 15, the plate 63 is inclined upward rearward so that the plate 63 has the second predetermined height H2.
The support member 6 is formed by engagement of an engagement pin and an engagement hole (not shown).
It is designed to be positioned at 2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the support member 62 is arranged along the plate 61, the plate 61 is
The engaging pin 64 attached to the side surface of the
4 is formed in the support member 62 corresponding to 4
By engaging with 5, the plate 61 is supported. Further, since the plate 63 extends in the same direction as the support member 62, the height of the upper end of the plate 63 is the first predetermined height H1.
As described above, the engagement pin (not shown) and the engagement hole engage with each other to position the support member 62.

In this structure, as shown in FIG. 6A, from the state where the plate 63 has the second predetermined height H2, the engaging pin (not shown) is removed and the plate 63 is placed along the support member 62 by manual operation. Position to extend. And FIG.
By disposing the support member 62 and the plate 63 along the plate 61 as shown in (b), and engaging the engagement pin 64 with the engagement hole 65 to support the support member 62 by the plate 61,
The height of the upper end of the plate 63 is changed to the first predetermined height H1.
In addition, the support member 62 is tilted by the reverse operation to set the height of the plate 63 to the second predetermined height H2, so that the plate having the second predetermined height H2 has two plates, the plate 61 and the plate 63. Change to state.

When a higher packing box is loaded and the first predetermined height H1 needs to be higher so as to correspond to the height of the packing box, the height of the upper end of the plate 61 is further increased. In order to increase the height, the engaging pin is engaged with another engaging hole in the rotation support portion 61a to increase the mounting angle of the plate 61 with respect to the cabin roof 15. Thereby, the height of the upper end of the plate 63 when the plate 63 is arranged on the plate 61 can be made higher, and the first predetermined height H1 can be made higher so as to correspond to a higher packing box.

In the above case, the plate 63 is not limited to be arranged so as to extend in the direction in which the plate 61 extends in the state where the cargo boxes 12 are loaded. For example, as shown in (Example 3), the plate 61 An engaging hole for positioning the plate 63 on the support member 62 may be formed so that the plate 63 can be arranged so as to be inclined slightly backward.

The cylinder 23 adjusts the movement amount of the piston rod 23a so as to easily reduce the air resistance in response to changes in vehicle speed, changes in the height of the packing box, etc. The second predetermined heights H1 and H2 may be adjustable. For example, the amount of movement of the piston rod 23a is adjusted by adjusting the valve that supplies hydraulic pressure to the cylinder 23, and the first and second predetermined values are set so as to respond to changes in vehicle speed, changes in the height of the packing box, and the like. Adjust the heights H1 and H2.

Similarly, in the cylinder 53, the piston rod 5 is adjusted by adjusting a valve for supplying hydraulic pressure, for example.
The first predetermined height H1 of the plate 52 may be adjusted so as to respond to changes in vehicle speed, changes in the height of the packing box, etc. by adjusting the amount of movement of 3a.

The plate 22 is not limited to be rotated by the cylinder 23 so as to have the first or second predetermined heights H1 and H2, but may be structured to be rotated by, for example, a motor. In this case, it is easy to adjust the first and second predetermined heights H1 and H2 in response to changes in the vehicle speed, changes in the height of the packing box, and the like.

The plate 22 is not limited to a flat plate,
For example, as shown in (Embodiment 3), the upper half may be bent so that it is slightly inclined rearward with respect to the lower half.

The cylinder 23 is not limited to rotating one plate 22. For example, one end of the other plate is attached to the upper end of the one plate that is rotatably supported by the cabin roof 15 via the rotation support portion. The mounting portion of one plate and the other plate is configured such that the mounting angle of the other plate with respect to the one plate can be changed to several kinds of angles, and positioning can be performed at that angle by a stopper or the like. Then, the end portion of the piston rod 23a may be attached to one plate. In this configuration, for example, when the height of the packing box 12 is changed, the height of the upper end of the other plate when the piston rod 23a is pushed out is changed by changing the mounting angle of the other plate with respect to the one plate. Then, the first predetermined height H1 can be adjusted.

In the above case, the end portion of the piston rod 23a is not limited to being attached to one plate, but may be attached to the other plate. In this case, for example, when changing the height of the packing box 12, while changing the mounting angle of the other plate with respect to one plate, the valve for supplying hydraulic pressure to the cylinder 23 is adjusted and the pushing amount of the piston rod 23a is also changed. To do. As a result, the height of the upper end of the other plate when the piston rod 23a is pushed out can be changed to adjust the first predetermined height H1.

In the case shown in FIG. 4, the plate 51 is not limited to being attached to the cabin roof 15 via the rotation support portion 51a so that the attachment angle can be changed,
The plate 51 may be fixed to the cabin roof 15 so as to have a fixed attachment angle without providing the rotation support portion 51a.
Even in this case, the height of the upper end of the plate is changed to the first or second predetermined height H1 or H2 by rotating the plate 52 by the cylinder 53.

Even in the case shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the plates 55, 6
1 is not limited to being attached to the cabin roof 15 via the rotation support portions 55a and 61a so that the attachment angle can be changed.
You may fix 5 and 61 to the cabin roof 15.

The upper surface 1 of the cabin roof 15 and the luggage box 12
4 is about 40% of the height of the front surface of the tractor 11, the first predetermined height H1 is the height difference between the cabin roof 15 and the upper surface 14 of the luggage box 12. About 6
It is not limited to 0% to 65%. For example, the height may be changed to a more suitable height for reducing air resistance under the influence of changes in vehicle speed.

The upper surface 1 of the cabin roof 15 and the luggage box 12
4 is about 55% of the height of the front surface of the tractor 11, the first predetermined height H1 is the height difference between the cabin roof 15 and the upper surface 14 of the luggage box 12. About 6
It is not limited to 9%. For example, the height may be changed to a more suitable height for reducing air resistance under the influence of changes in vehicle speed.

The upper surface 1 of the cabin roof 15 and the luggage box 12
When the difference in height from 4 is relatively small, the air resistance is not reduced by guiding the air flow to the upper surface 14 of the luggage box 12 by the plate, but is suppressed by suppressing the separation of the air flow. You may set the 1st predetermined height H1 so that it may reduce.

The first predetermined height H1 is affected by changes in the size (height, length) of the cabin roof, the size (height) of the luggage box, etc., and the air resistance is reduced. It may be changed to a suitable height.

The arrangement of the height of the reducing member to be the second predetermined height H2 is not limited to the case where there is no luggage box,
Even if the cargo box is loaded by exchanging the cargo box, the air resistance in the freight vehicle may be mainly caused by separation of the air flow. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the height of the luggage box 66 and the height of the cabin roof 15 are substantially the same, air resistance in the freight vehicle is mainly caused by air flow separation.
In this case, the piston rod 23a is retracted by the cylinder 23 so that the height of the upper end of the plate 22 becomes the second predetermined height H2, so that the separation of the air flow is suppressed by the plate 22 having the second predetermined height H2. The air resistance of the freight vehicle is reduced.

When the air resistance of the freight vehicle is mainly caused by the separation of the air flow due to the exchange of the cargo box even if the cargo box is loaded, it is limited to the case where the height of the cargo box and the height of the cabin roof are almost the same. For example, there may be a slight difference in height between the two and a case where the packing box is lower than the cabin rule.
Also in these cases, separation of the air flow is suppressed by the reducing member that is arranged so as to have the second predetermined height, and the air resistance of the freight vehicle is reduced.

The first or second predetermined heights H1 and H2 are
The vehicle speed of the tractor 11 is not limited to 40 km / h to 50 km / h or 80 km / h in the case of a highway, and is not limited to a height that reduces the air resistance. The height may be set to reduce the resistance.

The cargo vehicle to which the reduction device 21 is attached is not limited to the tractor 11 that pulls the trailer 13,
For example, it may be a truck or the like in which the luggage box can be removed.

The technical ideas that can be understood from the above-described embodiments will be added below. (1) In the invention described in claim 2, the drive means is a cylinder. (2) In the invention described in claim 2, the driving means is a motor.

(3) In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, (1) and (2), the first
The predetermined height is about 50% or more with respect to the height difference between the cabin roof and the upper surface of the luggage box.

(4) In the invention according to claim 4 or 6, when the other plate is arranged so that the height of the upper end thereof reaches the first predetermined height, the one plate is It can be arranged so as to incline backward with respect to the extending direction of the.

(5) Claims 1 to 6 and (1) to
A tractor comprising the air resistance reduction device according to any one of (4).

[0096]

As described above in detail, according to the inventions of claims 1 to 6, the air resistance of the freight vehicle can be reduced not only in the state in which the cargo boxes are loaded but also in the unloaded state.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic side view of a state in which a tractor equipped with an air resistance reduction device pulls a trailer, and FIG. 1B is a schematic side view of the tractor with a trailer removed.

2A is a schematic side view of a tractor experimental device, FIG.
(B) is a schematic side view of the experimental device with the luggage box attached.

FIG. 3A is a side view of a schematic main part showing another experiment,
(B) A side view of a schematic main part showing another experiment.

FIG. 4A is a side view of a schematic main part showing another reducing device;
(B) is a side view of a schematic main part showing a state in which the upper plate is tilted.

5A is a schematic perspective view showing another reducing device, FIG.
(B) is a schematic plan view.

FIG. 6A is a schematic perspective view showing another reducing device,
(B) is a schematic side view.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view in the case where the luggage box has almost the same height as the cabin roof.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of a conventional air deflector.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... tractor as freight vehicle, 12 ... packing box, 14 ...
Upper surface of packing box, 15, 35 ... Cabin roof, 21 ... Reduction device as air resistance reduction device, 22, 41, 46, 4
9, 51, 52, 55, 56, 61, 63 ... Plate, 23,
53 ... Cylinder as drive means, H1 ... First predetermined height, H2 ... Second predetermined height.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle air resistance reduction device installed on the cabin roof of a freight vehicle, wherein the height difference between the cabin roof and the luggage box changes when the luggage box is removable or the size of the luggage box is changed. A reduction member that reduces the air resistance of the freight vehicle, and the height of the reduction member is moved by moving the reduction member in a state where the reduction member is installed on the cabin roof. In the first predetermined height capable of reducing the air resistance due to the upper surface of the luggage box being higher than the cabin roof at a predetermined vehicle speed, a traveling state in which the luggage box is not loaded, or the luggage box is replaced. When the air resistance in the freight vehicle is mainly caused by air flow separation, the air flow separation generated in the cabin roof is controlled at a predetermined vehicle speed in a traveling state at the height of the luggage box. There are air resistance reduction device for a vehicle, characterized in that capable of changing the air resistance to the second and the predetermined height which can reduce by suppressing. 2. The air resistance reducing device for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising drive means for moving the reducing member so as to reach the first or second predetermined height. 3. The reducing member includes a plate that is rotatably supported by the cabin roof, and the plate is rotated so that the height of the plate is the first or second predetermined value. 2. The height is changed so that the height can be changed.
Alternatively, the vehicle air resistance reduction device according to claim 2. 4. The reduction member includes two plates, and one end of the other plate is rotatably attached to an upper end of one plate of a second predetermined height attached to the cabin roof. The air resistance reduction device for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the other plate is formed to have a length such that an upper end thereof reaches a first predetermined height. 5. The reduction member includes two plates, one plate having a second predetermined height attached to the cabin roof, and the other plate being vertically slidably attached to the other plate. The upper end of the plate is moved to the first predetermined height by moving the plate of the other plate, and the upper end of the plate is moved to the second predetermined height by moving the other plate downward. The air resistance reduction device for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 6. The reduction member comprises two plates, one plate having a second predetermined height attached to the cabin roof, and the other plate having a second predetermined height. So that the other plate is placed behind the one plate in the cabin roof so that the height of the upper end of the other plate becomes a first predetermined height. The air resistance reduction device for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the other plate is configured to be movable so as to be changed to a state in which it is arranged above.