JP2003155786A - Moisture absorbing and discharging fire-protecting building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moisture absorbing and discharging fire-protecting building material having excellent moisture absorbing and discharging characteristic, fire protection and fire resistance, and having excellent design nature. SOLUTION: In this moisture absorbing and discharging fire-protecting material, a coating film layer made of coating material to which moisture absorbing and discharging granular powder material is added is formed on the surface of a moisture absorbing and discharging base material containing moisture absorbing and discharging material such as diatoaceous earth, silica gel, or zeolite, hydraulic material such as slug or cement, and one or both of an organic reinforcing fiber and inorganic reinforcing fiber.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material having an excellent design property, which can be used as a ceiling material, an interior material and the like having a high moisture absorptive and desorptive property as well as a fireproof property and a fireproof property.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the construction of a house or the like, an architectural style in which a soil wall structure and an interior made of wood or a building material obtained by processing the same has been adopted has long been adopted. A house with such a structure has excellent moisture absorption and desorption properties that can effectively prevent the occurrence of dew condensation in the living space and extreme dryness due to the excellent moisture absorption and desorption properties of soil walls and wood-based materials. It was

Due to the depletion of wood-based resources, the interior has been changed from wood to interior with wallpaper on concrete or interior with new building materials. On the other hand, as for the earth wall structure, the earth wall is hardly adopted due to the extremely small number of highly skilled workers and the rise in wages.

[0004]

In recent years, as a result of the pursuit of a structure aiming at high airtightness and high heat insulation of houses and the like,
Moisture in the room is not absorbed by the walls or the interior, and does not diffuse to the outside, causing condensation everywhere in the room, causing wetting and stains, and causing problems such as flies and molds. ing. Conventionally, air-conditioning equipment that controls temperature and humidity has been used as a means for comfortably using a living space. However, not only does it consume a large amount of electric energy to counter the reduction of CO ₂ generation, The above problem occurs when the air conditioning equipment is not operated for reasons such as absence. In order to solve such problems, it has been strongly desired to provide building materials such as boards having excellent moisture absorption and desorption properties.

An object of the present invention is to provide a moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material which has excellent moisture absorptive and desorptive properties, fire resistance and fire resistance and is lightweight, and which is also excellent in design.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problems is a moisture-absorbing / releasing material on at least one surface of a moisture-absorbing / releasing base material containing a moisture-absorbing / releasing material and a hydraulic substance. A moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material in which a coating layer made of a coating material to which granular powder is added is formed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the moisture absorptive and desorptive base material has a particle size of 100 μm or less, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, xonotlite, sepiolite, apatargite, tobermorite, allophane, white sand (shirasu), kaolinite. Moisture-absorbing and desorbing material consisting of one or more selected from fine clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, and activated carbon, and 1 selected from cement, slag, gypsum, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and calcium silicate
The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material according to claim 1, which comprises one or two or more hydraulic substances.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the moisture absorptive and desorptive material and the hydraulic substance according to the second aspect, the moisture absorptive and desorptive base material is an organic reinforcing fiber such as pulp and vinylon, a glass fiber, and a rock. The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material according to claim 1, comprising one or both of inorganic fibers such as wool.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the hygroscopic material powder added to the coating material has a particle size of 5 μm to 500 μm,
One or two selected from diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, xonotlite, sepiolite, apatargite, tobermorite, allophane, white sand (shirasu), kaolinite clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, and activated carbon.
The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a moisture absorptive and desorptive material granular powder comprising at least one kind.

[0010]

Since the present invention has the above structure, it is possible to provide a moisture absorbing / releasing fireproof building material having high moisture absorbing / releasing properties and excellent in fireproofness, fire resistance and design. The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention has a particle size:
Since it has a coating layer of 5 μm to 500 μm with powder of diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, and moisture absorbing / releasing material granules added, it forms a rough surface with various color tones for a good design. It will be excellent.

Further, since a coating layer made of a coating material to which moisture absorbing / releasing material granules having a particle size of 5 μm to 500 μm is added is provided on the surface, the surface area is remarkably expanded by the rough surface. It does not impair the moisture absorbing / releasing ability of the base material. Furthermore, for example, sputtering coating is applied so that the surface of the base material having the moisture absorbing / releasing property is exposed by 20% to 80%, and from this point as well, the moisture absorbing / releasing property of the substrate is not impaired.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below with reference to its preferred embodiments.

In the present invention, 5% to 60% by weight.
Water is added to a mixture of a hygroscopic material to be blended and a hydraulic substance, and the mixture is kneaded to form a slurry, which is paper-made to obtain a base material having a hygroscopic property. As the paper-making method, a paper-making method using a knitting type paper making machine known per se can be used. At least one surface of the substrate thus obtained has a particle size of 5 μm
A paint to which 500 μm of moisture absorbing / releasing material granular powder is added is applied with or without a sealer layer and dried to obtain the moisture absorbing / releasing fireproof building material of the present invention.

Next, the component system in the base material of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention will be described. The base material of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention basically has a particle size of 100 μm or less,
It is composed of a moisture absorptive and desorptive material and a hydraulic substance which are blended by 5% to 60% by weight.

As the moisture absorbing / releasing material, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, xonotlite, sepiolite, apatargite, tobermorite, allophane, white sand (shirasu), kaolinite clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal,
And one or more selected from activated carbon can be used. All of these are porous and excellent in moisture absorption and desorption.

In the base material of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention, the moisture absorptive and desorptive material is 5% to 60% by weight in the blended raw material.
It is compounded within the range of%. If the amount is less than 5%,
Moisture absorption and desorption properties Moisture absorption and desorption properties cannot be imparted to building materials. on the other hand,
A compounding amount of more than 60% lowers the hardness and bending strength, notably the primary physical properties of the moisture absorptive and fire-retardant building material. In the present invention, in order to secure the primary physical properties of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material, slag, hydraulic materials such as cement, and further, the primary physical properties are complemented by the blending of either or both of the organic reinforcing fiber and the inorganic fiber. ing.

In the base material of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention, the particle size of the moisture absorptive and desorptive material is 100 μm or less.
If the particle size exceeds 100 μm, when the blended raw material slurry is wound up by a papermaking machine, the moisture absorbing / releasing material such as diatomaceous earth cannot be separated to form a uniform mat. Usually grain size ≤
Perform at 70 μm. When the moisture absorptive and desorptive material is diatomaceous earth, the particle size range is preferably 10 μm to 50 μm.

By blending the hydraulic substance with the matrix, the matrix firmly adheres to increase the strength of the moisture-absorbing and releasing fireproof building material, and at the same time, the characteristics such as curing and molding can be imparted easily and inexpensively. To facilitate the production of (board base material). Further, the hydraulic substance has fireproof property, fireproof property, and also waterproof property. As a hydraulic material,
Slag, cement, gypsum, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, etc. can be used.

In the present invention, the hydraulic material is blended in the raw material of the base material in the range of 10% to 60%. 1
When the amount is less than 0%, it is difficult to exhibit strength imparting ability, waterproofness, curing characteristics, and molding characteristics. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 60%, the moisture absorptive and fire-preventing building material may increase in weight and may be cracked due to drying and shrinkage.

In the present invention, the filler material can be added to the raw material formulation as a filler. As the filling substance, gypsum dihydrate: 2% to 30%, calcium carbonate: 0% to
20%, pearlite: 0% to 15%, slaked lime: 0% to
1.5%, mica: It can be used within the range of 0% to 8%.

[0021] Gypsum has the advantages that it has fire resistance and fire resistance, has a small amount of expansion and contraction due to changes in humidity, and is easy to cure and mold, and has been used as a fire and fire resistant material for a long time. However, gypsum alone has the drawbacks of low bending strength and weak screw nail holding power, even if the primary properties are different. In the present invention, this shortcoming is complemented by the incorporation of organic reinforcing fibers and / or inorganic fibers and hydraulic substances.

Gypsum is added by 2% to 30% by weight.
Gypsum also has an effect of promoting hardening by hydration of hydraulic substances such as slag and cement, but it is difficult to exhibit the effect of addition when the amount added is less than 2%. On the other hand, when it is added in excess of 30%, properties such as strength imparting ability, waterproofness, and hardening characteristics due to hydraulic substances such as slag and cement are diminished. In addition, the primary physical properties of the moisture-absorbing / releasing fireproof building material decrease bending strength and screw nail holding power.

Perlite enhances the fire resistance of the product and
It is also added as a lightweight aggregate for the purpose of reducing the weight of moisture-absorbing and desorbing fireproof building materials. If added in excess of 15%, the moisture absorption / release property of the fireproof building material is impaired in the balance between the moisture absorption / release properties and primary physical properties.

Calcium carbonate is used as a filler in the present invention and is added within the range of 0% to 20%. 20
If the amount added exceeds%, the weight of the product is increased.

As the organic reinforcing fiber for improving the strength of the moisture absorbing / releasing fireproof building material, for example, pulp is added for the purpose of improving the paper-making property. In the present invention, 3% to 5
Add within the range of%. If the addition amount is less than 3%, the effect of improving the strength and paper formability of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, when the addition amount exceeds 5%, the property of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material as a noncombustible material is lost from the place where the pulp is an organic material. As the organic reinforcing fiber, vinylon or the like can be used in addition to pulp.

Inorganic fibers such as rock wool are added to improve the strength and processability of the moisture absorptive and fire-preventing building material in the same manner as the organic fibers. In the present invention, it is added within the range of 1% to 8%. If the addition amount is less than 1%, the workability for improving strength and workability is small, and if the addition amount is more than 8%, the workability at the time of adding water to the compounding raw material and kneading is impaired. Furthermore, fiber aggregates called lumps are mixed and impair the material uniformity of the moisture absorptive and fireproof building material.

In the present invention, one or both of the organic reinforcing fiber and the inorganic fiber are added.

In the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention, the moisture absorptive and desorptive material powder having a particle size of 5 μm to 500 μm is added to at least one surface of the moisture absorptive and desorptive base material with or without a sealer layer. A paint film layer is formed by the paint. As the moisture absorbing / releasing material granules mixed in the paint, the same moisture absorbing / releasing material as in the base material, for example, diatomaceous earth or zeolite granules can be used. Moisture-absorbing and desorbing material Granule size is 5
If the thickness is less than μm, the surface of the coating film layer formed on at least one surface of the moisture absorptive and fire-retardant building material cannot be a rough surface having a deep and excellent design. On the other hand, when the particle size is larger than 500 μm, the moisture absorbing / releasing material granular powder easily peels off.

The moisture absorbing / releasing material granules having a particle size of 5 μm to 500 μm are added in an amount of 2% to 40% by weight with respect to the presence of the paint. When the addition amount is less than 2%, not only is it not possible to obtain a rough surface having a deep and excellent design property on at least one surface of the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material, but there is little contribution to the expansion of the surface area due to the rough surface. On the other hand, if it is added in excess of 40%, the binding effect of the acrylic resin or the like becomes insufficient, and the moisture absorbing / releasing material granules are likely to peel off.

As the paint, general-purpose polyester resin type
Paint, vinyl resin paint, acrylic resin paint, Ure
Tan resin-based paint, Silicon resin-based paint, Fluorine resin-based paint
Materials, phthalic acid resin-based paints, phenolic resin-based paints,
Paints, epoxy resin paints, amino resin paints,
Use single or composite paints such as Kicker and natural paints
You can For example, when using acrylic resin paint
If the composition is by weight, the acrylic resin emulsion:
30% to 50%, water: 30% to 50%, hygroscopic material particles
Powder: 2% to 40%, a coloring / extending pigment and an additive. So
Coating amount of 10g / m^Two~ 150g / m^Two(Solid content)
Is. 10 g / m ^TwoMoisture absorption and desorption when the coating amount is less than
To obtain a deep fireproof building material with an excellent surface appearance.
I can't. On the other hand, 150 g / m^TwoCoating amount
Impairs the physical properties of moisture-absorbing and fire-retardant building materials.

As the additive, a surfactant, an emulsifier, an antifoaming agent, a pH adjusting agent, a fusing solvent, an antiseptic / antifungal agent, a chelating agent and the like are used alone or in combination.

When a sealer layer is interposed between the base material and the coating film, a silica-modified acrylic copolymer resin can be used as the sealer. The breathable sealer is a milky white emulsion. This sealer has good adhesion to inorganic materials and metals, excellent moisture permeability and water vapor permeability, and good blocking resistance. In addition to the above, various resins can be used in the present invention as long as they form a film having an air permeable structure.

When the above-mentioned breathable sealer is applied to one surface of the substrate, the silica-modified acrylic copolymer emulsion: water is mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 by weight, and the coating amount is 5 g / m. It is applied under the condition of ^{2 to} 15 g / m ² (resin solid content). A coating amount of less than 5 g / m ² is unlikely to serve as a base material for paint on a substrate. On the other hand, if it is applied in an amount of more than 15 g / m ² , the air permeability to the substrate is impaired. After applying the sealer, it is dried with a hot air dryer at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.

On the other surface of the base material, for example, the surface which becomes the outdoor side when the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention is used as a wall material, a back sealer layer excellent in moisture proof / water proof, water repellency and water resistance is provided. When it is formed, an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin, for example, is used as a main component for the back sealer.
This base resin, by weight, is an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin:
It is a milky white emulsion having the composition of 36%, water: 54%, film-forming aid: 10%.

Paraffin wax: 50% by weight, water: 50% by weight for the purpose of improving the water repellency, water resistance and blocking resistance and enhancing the function as a film-forming aid.
Is used as an additive. In the present invention, other than these, various resins can be used as long as they form a film excellent in moisture proof / water proof property, water repellency and water resistance.

When the back sealer is applied to the other surface of the substrate, the acrylic / styrene copolymer resin emulsion: 100 parts by weight and the additive: 5 parts by weight are mixed to give a coating amount of 72 g / m ^2. It is applied to the other surface of the substrate under the condition of 102 g / m ² (resin solid content). If the coating amount is less than 72 g / m ² , the moistureproof / waterproof function cannot be sufficiently exhibited.
On the other hand, the effect is saturated at 102 g / m ² , and the coating amount exceeding this is only a factor of cost increase. After applying the back sealer, it is dried with a hot air dryer at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes.

[0037]

Example 1 By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 17%, blast furnace slag: 38%, cement: 5%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (average particle size: 20 μm),
Pulp: 5%, rockwool: 5%, perlite: 9.
A slurry obtained by adding water to a raw material mixture consisting of 5% and a coloring pigment: 0.5% and kneading the mixture was made into paper at a papermaking speed of 40 m / min by using a round net papermaking machine, and then 70 The temperature is gradually raised to around ℃, and steam (9
0% RH) cured. Then, at 180 ℃ in a dryer 10
After drying for 1 minute, cutting process is performed, thickness: 6m
A base material of m, width: 910 mm, length: 1820 mm was obtained.

On one surface of this substrate, a silica-modified acrylic copolymer resin emulsion as a breathable sealer: water =
A 1: 2 (weight ratio) mixture was applied. Coating amount is 7g /
m ² (resin solid content). Then, it was dried with a hot air dryer under the condition of 100 ° C. × 2 minutes.

On the surface coated with the breathable sealer, by weight,
Acrylic resin emulsion: 40 parts, other additives: 1
0 part, diatomaceous earth: 10 parts (average particle size: 20 μm), water: 5
Sputtering coating with unevenness was applied such that 0 parts of the aqueous coating material was 30 g / m ² (solid content) and the substrate surface was exposed by 40%. A moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material having a light brown rough surface and rich in design was obtained.

On the other hand, as a back sealer on the other surface of the base material, an acrylic / styrene copolymer resin emulsion: 20
%, Water: 80%, and a mixture of 80 g / m ² (resin solid content) was applied. Then, it was dried at 100 ° C. for 2 minutes.

The moisture absorptive and desorptive fire-retardant building materials obtained were tested for moisture absorptive and desorptive properties. The sample had a thickness of 6 mm and a square object of 250 mm square, which was masked with a Teflon (registered trademark) sheet and an aluminum adhesive tape on the front and back sides of the four-sided wood. The test condition is 50% R at 25 ° C in a constant temperature and constant humidity machine.
A sample that has been aged for 92 hours in an H (relative humidity) atmosphere is allowed to pass for 24 hours in a 90% RH atmosphere at 25 ° C. (moisture absorption), and then for 24 hours in a 50% RH atmosphere at 25 ° C. (moisture release). Two cycles were tested with one cycle as the cycle. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0042]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material (thickness: 6 mm) obtained in Example 1 was 21
It shows a moisture absorption and desorption capacity of 0 g / m ² · 24 hrs (average value), which is significantly higher than that of a building material (moisture absorption and desorption capability: about 40 g / m ² · 24 hrs) in which a commercial wallpaper is attached to gypsum board. It has excellent moisture absorption and desorption ability.

Example 2 Gypsum dihydrate: 17%, blast furnace slag: 38%, cement: 5%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (average particle size: 20 μm),
Pulp: 5%, rockwool: 5%, perlite: 9.
A slurry obtained by adding water to a raw material mixture consisting of 5% and a coloring pigment: 0.5% and kneading the mixture was made into paper at a papermaking speed of 40 m / min by using a round net papermaking machine, and then 70 The temperature is gradually raised to around ℃, and steam (9
0% RH) cured. Then, at 180 ℃ in a dryer 10
After drying for 1 minute, cutting process is performed, thickness: 6m
A base material of m, width: 910 mm, length: 1820 mm was obtained.

On one surface of this substrate, a silica-modified acrylic copolymer resin emulsion as a breathable sealer: water =
A 1: 2 (weight ratio) mixture was applied. Coating amount is 7g /
m ² (resin solid content). Then, it was dried with a hot air dryer under the condition of 100 ° C. × 2 minutes.

On the surface coated with the breathable sealer, by weight,
Vinyl acetate resin emulsion: 40 parts, other additives:
10 parts, diatomaceous earth: 30 parts (average particle size: 100 μm),
Water: 60 g / m ² (solid content) of a water-based paint consisting of 50 parts was applied, and a sputtering coating with unevenness was applied so that the substrate surface was exposed by 40%. A moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material having a light brown rough surface and rich in design was obtained.

The moisture absorptive and desorptive property of the obtained fireproof building material is
Tested as in Example 1, the results are shown in Table 2.

[0048]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, the moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material (thickness: 6 mm) obtained in Example 2 was 25
It shows a moisture absorption and desorption capacity of 0 g / m ² · 24 hrs (average value), which is significantly higher than that of a building material (moisture absorption and desorption capability: about 40 g / m ² · 24 hrs) in which a commercial wallpaper is attached to gypsum board. It has excellent moisture absorption and desorption ability.

[0050]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material having excellent moisture absorptive and desorptive properties as well as excellent fire resistance, fire resistance and designability. The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material of the present invention has a particle size of 5 μm to 5 on at least one surface thereof.
Since it has a coating layer of 00 μm of a coating material to which moisture absorbing / releasing material particles such as diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, and xonotlite are added, the surface has a rough surface with various color tones and is excellent in design. Will be things. In addition, since the surface has a coating layer made of a coating material to which the moisture absorbing / releasing material granular powder having a particle size of 5 μm to 500 μm is added, the surface area is remarkably expanded due to the rough surface, and the surface area of the substrate is significantly increased. Does not impair the ability to absorb and release moisture.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) E04F 13/02 E04F 13/02 A 13/14 102 13/14 102A F term (reference) 2E001 DB03 DB04 DE01 FA10 FA14 GA06 GA12 GA42 HA01 HA03 JA00 JA22 JC02 JD04 2E110 AA02 AA16 AB03 AB04 AB23 BA02 BA12 BB04 GA23W GA28W GA33W GB11W GB23W GB24W 2E162 CA01 CA17 EA04 FA00 4F100 AA03A AA08A AA19A AA19B AA19H AA20A AA20B AA20H AC03A AC03B AC03H AC04A AC04B AC04H AC10A AC10B AC10H AD11A AD11B AD11H AE01A AE06A AG00A AK21A AR00A BA02 BA10A BA10B CC00B DE01A DE01B DE01H DG01A DG01H DG02A GB07 JD15A JD16A JJ07 JL03

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A moisture absorptive and fire-retardant comprising a moisture-absorbing and desorbing base material containing a moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and a hydraulic substance, and at least one surface of which is coated with a coating layer containing a particulate powder of the moisture-absorbing and desorbing material. Building materials. 2. A moisture absorptive and desorptive base material having a particle size of 100 μm or less, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, zonotolite,
A moisture-absorbing material consisting of one or more selected from sepiolite, apatargite, tobermorite, allophane, white sand (shirasu), kaolinite clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, and activated carbon, and cement, slag, plaster. The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material according to claim 1, which comprises a hydraulic substance consisting of one or more selected from calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and calcium silicate. 3. The moisture absorptive and desorptive base material is, in addition to the moisture absorptive and desorptive material and the hydraulic substance according to claim 2, any of organic reinforcing fibers such as pulp and vinylon, and inorganic fibers such as glass fiber and rock wool. The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material according to claim 1, which comprises one or both of them. 4. The moisture absorbing / releasing material granular powder added to a coating material,
Particle size: 5 μm to 500 μm, one or two selected from diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, xonotlite, sepiolite, apatargite, tobermorite, allophane, white sand (shirasu), kaolinite clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal, and activated carbon. The moisture absorptive and desorptive fireproof building material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a moisture absorptive and desorptive material granular powder comprising at least one kind.