JP2003083136A - Engine drive generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly perform a processing for recognizing real engine speed, a processing for calculating a deviation with target engine speed and a processing for recognizing power, in an engine drive generating device. SOLUTION: After a period in which the engine is rotated by n is divided into p divisions and engine speed obtained for every division is obtained, a calculation for executing a moving average for an engine speed error signal or a rotation signal is performed for the period in which the engine is rotated by n.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine-driven power generator that uses output from an engine-driven generator or output from an inverter as a load of an engine-driven generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the output from a generator driven by an engine is utilized, or the output from an inverter as a load (provided on the output side of the generator) of a generator driven by the engine is used. Engine driven power generators that are utilized are known.

[0003] In particular, a small power generator having a generator driven by an engine is useful as a portable power generator. A portable engine-driven power generator in which an inverter is provided on the output side of the power generator to supply stable AC power is also used.

In this type of power generator, feedback control is performed so as to detect the rotational speed of an engine or an engine-driven generator that is operated and make the rotational speed equal to a target rotational speed (set value). ing. That is, the deviation between the actual rotation speed and the target rotation speed (rotation speed error signal) is calculated to correspond to so-called PID, and the throttle control motor that controls the opening degree of the throttle that supplies fuel to the engine is controlled. Is being done.

In addition to the above, of course, by grasping the output from the generator driven by the engine or the output from the inverter provided on the load side of the generator, the throttle amount of the throttle can be adjusted in accordance with the increase or decrease of the output. The opening is controlled by feed forward control (the throttle opening is controlled in addition to the above feedback control).

[0006]

In the control of the power generator having the above-mentioned conventional structure, each signal corresponding to the target rotation speed, the actual rotation speed and the output (electric power), and further from the generator, Various signals corresponding to the output voltage, the output voltage from the inverter, the output current from the generator or the inverter, and the signals obtained by processing these signals were input to a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as a microcomputer). In the above, the opening of the throttle is being controlled by the output from the microcomputer.

However, in adopting such control using a microcomputer, for example, (i) it is necessary to sequentially sample and extract the actual rotational speed of the engine or generator, and (ii) the above-mentioned target It is necessary to extract the deviation from the rotational speed (rotational speed error signal) at a predetermined cycle and then perform sequential calculations. It is necessary to make it possible to stably follow the change in the desired number of revolutions as well as the increase or decrease in the load of the generator or the inverter.

Furthermore, in addition to the feedback control for extracting the actual speed and controlling it to the target speed, the output power from the engine-driven generator and the output side of the generator are provided. The output power from the inverter is grasped and the power-feed forward control is performed. Even in grasping such electricity, the voltage, the current and the power factor are detected and the electricity is calculated by the microcomputer. If this is done, the amount of processing in the microcomputer becomes large. It is necessary to devise for this.

According to the present invention, the processing for grasping the actual rotational speed, the arithmetic processing for the rotational speed error signal, and the feed
The purpose is to properly perform the forward process.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the principle of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 100 is an engine for driving a generator, 101 is a throttle control motor (generally designed to drive a stepping motor, and the portion that drives the throttle control motor 101 is referred to as a throttle control motor drive unit), 200 Is a microcomputer, 201 is an actual rotation speed detection processing unit, 202 is an addition / subtraction processing unit, 203 is a moving average processing unit, 204 is an arithmetic unit (generally a PID arithmetic processing unit), and 205 is an addition / subtraction processing unit.

In FIG. 1, the generator driven by the engine 100 is omitted. The rotation speed of the engine (or the generator) is processed and extracted in the microcomputer 200 at a predetermined sampling timing in the case shown in the drawing, and is sequentially stored in a storage unit (not shown). The target rotational speed (set value) is read out by reading the rotational speed that has been extracted and held at a predetermined timing.
Is calculated by the addition and subtraction processing unit 202, and a rotation speed error signal is obtained for each section obtained by further dividing a period (a period in which the engine described later rotates n times) described later into p sections, The rotation speed error signal is subjected to a moving average within the period (in the moving average processing unit 203) and is sequentially held in a storage unit (not shown).

The moving averaged rotational speed error signal is read out at a predetermined timing (for example, every 10 msec), and a computing unit 204 computes a proportional component and / or an integral component and / or a differential component. The added target values are supplied to the addition / subtraction processing unit 205 as throttle target position signals. Then, in the addition / subtraction processing unit 205, it is combined with the illustrated "stepping motor position monitor signal" to obtain a predetermined timing (for example, 3 ms).
Every ec) Drive control of the throttle control motor 101 is performed.

In response to this, the throttle opening is increased / decreased to control the amount of fuel supplied to the engine 100, and the engine 100 rotational speed is controlled to be equal to the target rotational speed (set value). go.

In the above description, the moving average is calculated and held so that fluctuations in the engine speed can be grasped as early as possible while suppressing undesired temporary sudden changes. This is because. In the examples described below, the engine is a four-stroke engine.
e), which requires four strokes (two revolutions) to complete one cycle (intake, compression, explosion, exhaust). In this engine, there is an uncontrollable rotation change with these two revolutions as a cycle, and while this change is to be excluded from the detected amount, the change in rotation due to the load variation within these two revolutions is desired to be detected. (N = 2) is divided into p sections (which may be unequal intervals), the engine speed is averaged for each section, and the averaged values are sequentially stored in a storage unit (not shown). Then, the deviation between the average rotation speed and the target rotation speed (set value) for each section read from the storage unit is obtained, and the moving average is calculated within the period in which the engine makes two rotations.

That is, the period in which the engine makes two revolutions is the first
If the sections are divided into sections, a second section, a third section, ..., And a p-th section, (I) the deviation in the first section and the deviation in the second section, and the deviation in the p-th section are averaged. Then, the first moving average output is obtained (II) and the deviation in the second section and the third
The deviation in the section, ..., the deviation in the p-th section, and the next "2
The deviation in the first section in the “rotating period” is averaged to obtain the second moving average output, and the like, and the like, the arithmetic processing is sequentially performed to obtain the moving average output, which is sequentially stored in a storage unit (not shown). Hold on.

In the microcomputer 200, on the other hand, for example, the moving average output (in this case, moving average) held in the period in which the four-cycle engine makes two revolutions (stroke cycle; for example, 34 msec (3500 rpm)) The rotation speed error signal) is read twice or more (for example, every 10 msec regardless of the engine rotation speed), the PID calculation is performed, and the addition / subtraction processing unit 205 is supplied.

As will be described later, the addition / subtraction processing unit 205 outputs a position signal corresponding to, for example, a fully closed position regarding the throttle opening as a "stepping motor position monitor signal".
And the throttle control motor 101 is driven.

By performing the processing as described above, the extraction of the moving average rotation speed error signal by the microcomputer 200 and the PID calculation (including P, I, PI calculation) processing by the microcomputer 200 are generally performed asynchronously. Therefore, it is possible to perform stable arithmetic processing. At the same time, it becomes possible to grasp the gradual fluctuation of the engine speed early while suppressing undesired temporary sudden change of the engine.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (Modification of Moving Average Processing) FIG. 2 shows a modification of the present invention showing a modification of the moving average processing. Reference numerals 100, 101, 200, 201, 202, 20 in the figure
Reference numeral 4 and 205 correspond to those in FIG. 1, and 206 represents a moving average processing unit that performs a moving average calculation process on the rotation speed.

Also in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 2, as in the case of FIG. 1, the average number of revolutions is obtained for each section obtained by dividing the period in which the engine rotates n times into p sections. In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the moving average for the period in which the engine makes the n revolutions is obtained for the average revolution speed for each section. That is,
The moving average rotation speed is obtained and held in a storage unit (not shown).

Next, in the microcomputer 200, the moving average rotational speed is read out to obtain the deviation from the target rotational speed (set value), and as in the case of FIG. PID calculation of
Only ID calculation is described).

By setting the calculation interval so that the PID calculation is performed a plurality of times, the change in the engine speed can be promptly reflected in the throttle drive motor control, and the responsiveness of the speed control is improved.

(Power-Feed Forward) FIG. 3 shows a modification of the present invention that performs power-feed forward (a form of feed-forward, but when power is emphasized, it is called power-feed forward). Show. In the figure, reference numeral 300 is a generator driven by an engine, reference numeral 207 is an addition / subtraction processing unit that performs electric power-feed forward, 208 is a throttle position correspondence extraction processing unit, and others are those shown in FIG. It corresponds to.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, an inverter (not shown) may be provided on the load side of the generator 300, but the inverter is not shown. Although the output power from the generator 300 is extracted in FIG. 3 (for example, the power of one cycle of the output power), the output power from the above-mentioned inverter may be extracted. The extracted electric power is guided to the throttle position correspondence extraction processing unit 208.

In the processing of the microcomputer 200 corresponding to the throttle position correspondence extraction processing unit 208, the extracted electric power is read at an appropriate timing, and an appropriate throttle opening correction amount corresponding to the fluctuation of the electric power is determined. For example, it is read from a table (a table stored in the storage unit) and supplied to the addition / subtraction processing unit 207 that performs power-feed forward.

By performing the feed forward, fluctuations in the engine speed of the engine 100 are corrected early in response to fluctuations in the electric power. That is, an appropriate opening degree of the throttle for the changed electric power is found, and the correction is performed earlier than the above-described control of the rotational speed of only the feedback control, which is performed through the calculation unit 204. go. Further, when the load of the inverter increases or decreases in a fast cycle, there is almost no change in the engine rotation due to it, and it is not necessary to follow the control.

Therefore, this increase / decrease can be ignored by multiplying the electric power by, for example, four times moving average.

(Average Current Feed-Forward Control) The power-feed-forward has been described with reference to FIG. However, in calculating the electric power in the electric power-feed forward, the processing load of the microcomputer 200 is large, which causes a trouble. For this reason, it is necessary to calculate an alternative amount of electric power.

FIG. 14 shows a flow chart for calculating the average current. It should be noted that the flow chart in FIG. 3 shows that an inverter is provided on the load side of the generator 300 and the current from the inverter is detected and input to the microcomputer 200. Step (S42): An interrupt is applied at the above-mentioned, for example, 19 timings based on the timing when the output voltage of the inverter becomes zero cross. Step (S43): It is checked whether or not it is a zero cross timing (timing of 0 ° or 180 °). If NO, the process proceeds to step (S44), and if YES, the process proceeds to step (S45). Step (S44): The output current from the inverter is extracted and accumulated. Then, the process proceeds to step (S47). Step (S45): Since the value of the current i is not accumulated at the zero-cross timing as described later, the accumulated value before that is regarded as the average current at this timing, and the average current value for feed forward is calculated. Update. Step (S46): Since the update is performed in the feed forward, the accumulated value of the current i before that is unnecessary and is reset. Step (S47): Wait for interruption. Further, as in the case of power-feed forward, it is more preferable to perform a moving average on the moving average to perform feed forward.

Even when it is necessary to change the throttle opening by a sufficiently large amount by feed-forward using the calculated average current (that is, the throttle opening can be changed by the output of the addition / subtraction processing unit 205 shown in FIG. 3). The throttle control motor (stepping motor) is rotated by a predetermined number of steps (including one step) even in the case of a sufficiently large change.

(Study of engine load (generator load) amount by calculation of current)

[0032]

[Equation 1]

Current

[0034]

[Equation 2]

Then, the average output power is

[0036]

[Equation 3]

[0037]

On the other hand, the average output currents of the output voltage from the timing 0 ° to the timing 180 ° (first half half cycle) and from the timing 180 ° to timing 360 ° (second half half cycle) are:

[0039]

[Equation 4]

And the average output current is

[0041]

[Equation 5]

By multiplying, the average output power can be obtained. Considering the case where only the output current contains a harmonic, (i) the average output power due to the harmonic component is zero, and (ii) the output voltage from the timing 0 ° to the timing 180 ° and the timing 180 °. From the average output current in the period from to the timing of 360 °, a) is zero for even harmonic components, and b) is for odd harmonic components.

[0043]

[Equation 6]

(However, n is the harmonic order, and I _n is the effective value of the n-th current component.) Therefore, an error is caused by the odd harmonic component, but the harmonic component is different from the fundamental component. This error is not a problem because it is small enough. Further, the harmonic component on the voltage side does not need to be a problem because it is sufficiently low so that the harmonic component does not occur on the output side of the inverter. Therefore, it can be seen that there is a correlation between the average current and the electric power obtained by the above-described method, and thus it is also seen that there is a correlation with the engine load amount.

FIG. 15A shows the voltage waveform and the current waveform when the power factor is 1 (corresponding to the X mark in the figure) as a reason why the current accumulation at the timing of the voltage zero-cross is unnecessary. FIG. 15B shows the waveform of the voltage v and the waveform of the current i corresponding to the mark x, and FIG. 15B shows the voltage waveform and the current waveform when the power factor is 0.866 (mark x in the figure). 2 shows the waveform of the voltage v corresponding to and the waveform of the current i corresponding to the mark x.

The period from 0 ° to 180 ° in the voltage waveform is divided at, for example, 19 timings including the points of 0 ° and 180 °.
Since the value of the current i is zero between the timing of 1 and the timing of 180 °, the current value at both timings may be ignored.

Similarly, as a result, even when the power factor is 0.866, the current i has the opposite sign and the absolute value is the same at the timing of 0 ° and the timing of 180 ° (at the time when the voltage v is zero crossing). Is zero and can be ignored as well.

From these, the timing of 0 ° and 1
By ignoring the value of the current i at the timing of 80 ° and accumulating the values of the current i at the respective timings, it is possible to calculate the amount replacing the desired power.

It should be noted that the "current i
"Feed-forward using accumulation of only values of" is also a form of "feed-forward",
When emphasizing the accumulation of current, this is called "average current-feed forward".

(Initialization of Control Corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 3) FIG. 4 shows a flowchart for explaining initialization of control.

When driving the throttle control motor for controlling the throttle opening, the position control is performed in an open loop, that is, the feedback that is performed by detecting the result of the rotation of the motor is not performed. Therefore, it is necessary to detect that the throttle is at the fully closed position, for example, and use it as a base point for position control thereafter.

For this reason, when the engine is started, the throttle is temporarily set to the fully closed position and the throttle position monitor is reset to the fully closed state so that the control system is notified of the fully closed position of the throttle. To Step (S1): The throttle control motor (stepping motor in the case shown) is fully moved in the fully closing direction. Step (S2): Reset the stepping motor position monitor to the fully closed position. Step (S3): Enter normal control.

The above operation is performed to initialize the throttle control motor, and then the normal control is performed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a situation in which the throttle opening is controlled. 5A is a perspective view, FIG.
FIG. 5B shows a view of FIG. 5A seen from above.

In the figure, reference numeral 101 is a throttle control motor (stepping motor), 102 is a throttle valve, 10
3 is an engine carburetor, 104 is a governor housing whose opening is controlled in conjunction with the rotation of the throttle control motor, and 105 is a throttle control motor support member which is the throttle control motor 101.
Is fixedly supported, 106 is a rotating piece that rotates in response to the rotation of the throttle control motor 101, 107 is a hole that meshes with the shaft of the throttle control motor 101, and 108 is the governor housing 104. The walls 109 and 109 represent screws for restricting the fully closed position.

When the throttle control motor 101 is rotated in the fully open direction, the rotation piece 106-1 shown in FIG.
In the fully open position by turning counterclockwise at
It stops by contacting the illustrated position a of 08. Further, when the throttle control motor 101 rotates in the fully closed direction, the illustrated rotation piece 106-2 rotates clockwise in FIG. 5B to come into contact with the position b of the tip of the screw 109. Stop. Then, the position is registered as the fully closed position. That is, the position signal at that time is the "stepping motor position monitor signal".
Therefore, the addition / subtraction processing unit 205 shown in FIGS.
Is supplied as an initial value. Furthermore, FIG. 5 (B)
The position b in can be adjusted by finely adjusting the screw 109. Partly because of this, the above-mentioned initial value changes depending on the adjustment position of the screw,
The measured value is supplied to the addition / subtraction processing unit 205 described above.

(Update of fully closed position) As described above, FIG.
The screw 109 shown in (B) may be manually and finely adjusted. Therefore, it is necessary to automatically reset the "stepping motor position monitor signal" corresponding to the fully closed position of the throttle at any time.

FIG. 6 shows a flow chart for explaining the update of the fully closed position. Step (S4): The timer in the microcomputer 200 causes an interrupt appropriately and at any time. Step (S5): It is checked whether the throttle is at the fully closed position. Step (S6): At the fully closed position, the throttle control motor 101 is moved in the fully closed direction. During this time,
As the "stepping motor position monitor signal", a so-called fully closed position signal is maintained. Step (S7): Wait for the next interrupt (S4).

(Engine Rotation Speed Detection Routine) FIG. 7 is a flow chart for explaining a routine for detecting the engine rotation speed. First, the flow chart of FIG. 7 is shown corresponding to the configurations of FIG. 2 and FIG. Step (S8): Based on the waveform of the output voltage of the generator or the inverter, an interrupt is applied corresponding to each section in which the period in which the engine rotates twice is divided into p sections. Step (S9): Average engine speeds in one section. Step (S10): The moving average is calculated corresponding to the period in which the engine rotates twice, and the moving average rotation speed is updated. Step (S11): Wait for interruption.

(PID Calculation Routine) FIG. 8 is a flow chart for explaining the PID calculation routine. The flowchart of FIG. 8 is shown corresponding to the configurations of FIGS. 2 and 3. Step (S12): The timer in the microcomputer 200 appropriately interrupts. Step (S13): Step (S1) shown in FIG. 7 described above.
In (0), the moving average rotation speed at that time, which is held after being updated, is read out, and the error from the target rotation speed is calculated. Step (S14): The calculation unit 204 performs PID calculation and updates the result of PID calculation. Step (S15): Wait for interruption.

(Throttle control motor control routine)
FIG. 9 shows a flowchart explaining a control routine for the throttle control motor. Step (S16): A timer in the microcomputer 200 appropriately interrupts. Step (S17): PID calculation result (P + I + D)
The current motor position is made to correspond to the motor position determined by the sum of the control amount of 1 and the control amount corresponding to feed forward, and if "motor position is large", that is, if the opening of the current throttle is large, step (S18). ). If "motor position is small", that is, if the opening of the current throttle is small, the process proceeds to step (S19). Step (S18): The throttle control motor (in this case, the stepping motor) is returned by one step (one step of the stepping motor). Step (S19): Advance by one step. Step (S20): Wait for interruption. Needless to say, even if the throttle does not reach the desired opening completely by one interruption, the processing at the next and subsequent interruptions is performed.

(PID Calculation Routine) FIG. 10 shows PID
The flowchart explaining the calculation routine is shown. Step (S21): Step (S14) in FIG.
As the processing of (1), an interrupt is applied in the microcomputer 200. Step (S22): It is checked whether a flag for performing integration calculation is set. Step (S23): When performing integral calculation, I _{n + 1} = ε _n × K _I + I _n is calculated. However, ε _n is the value of the rotation speed error signal after the control by the result of the n-th (previous) PID calculation is performed, K _I is the proportional coefficient for integral calculation, and I _n is Nth
The integral component of the PID calculation of the second time, I _{n + 1,} represents the integral component of the (n + 1) th (current) calculation. Step (S24): Since no integration is performed, I _{n + 1} = I _n is calculated. Step (S25): D _{n + 1} = K _D (ε _n −ε _n-1 ) is calculated to obtain a differential component corresponding to the (n + 1) th calculation. However, ε _n is the value of the rotation speed error signal after the control by the result of the n-th calculation is performed, and ε _n-1 is the control by the result of the (n-1) -th calculation. The value of the rotation speed error signal after being divided, K _D is a coefficient for the differential operation, D
_{n + 1} represents the differential component of the (n + 1) th calculation. Step (S26): P _{n + 1} = K _p ε _n is calculated in order to obtain the proportional component corresponding to the (n + 1) th calculation. Here, ε _n is the value of the rotation speed error signal after the control based on the result of the n-th calculation, K _p is a coefficient for proportional calculation, and P _{n + 1} is the (n + 1) -th calculation. Each of the proportional components of the calculation is shown. Step (S27): Wait for interruption.

The motor position (throttle opening target position) corresponding to "PID calculation result + feed forward" in step (S17) in FIG. 9 is as follows.

(Throttle opening target position) = calculation result (P _{n + 1} or (P _{n + 1} + I _{n + 1} ) or (P _{n + 1} + I _{n + 1} + D _{n + 1} )) + (feed forward In addition, in performing the above-described integral calculation, the maximum value and the minimum value of the calculation result for the integration are set in advance, and the calculation result is larger than the maximum value or smaller than the minimum value. In that case, the maximum or minimum value is forcibly given instead. Furthermore, the maximum position and the minimum position of the throttle are predetermined, and the monitor value corresponding to the current position of the throttle or the monitor value corresponding to the target position of the throttle is equal to or more than the maximum position or less than the minimum position. If there is a condition, it is decided not to perform the integral calculation. These reasons are
This is to prevent the value of the integral calculation from undesirably increasing (or decreasing) when the throttle is undesirably locked by an external force.

(Structure of One Embodiment of Engine Driven Generator)
FIG. 11 shows an electrical configuration of the engine driving power supply device.

The portable power supply device 1 comprises a three-phase AC generator 2 driven by an engine (not shown), and a single-phase inverter unit 3 connected to the subsequent stage.

The throttle control motor 101 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponds to the stepping motor 4 shown in FIG. The microcomputer 200 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponds to the microcomputer 41 shown in FIG. Then, the engine 100 shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
11 is not shown in FIG. 11, and the stepping motor 4 shown in FIG. 11 controls the opening degree of the throttle.

The AC generator 2 includes a rotor and an armature (neither of which is shown), and a stepping motor 4 for controlling the amount of fuel (gasoline) supplied to the engine. The main windings 5u, 5v, 5w with Y connection are provided on the armature.
And an auxiliary winding 6 are wound around the main winding terminals 7u, 7
The v, 7w and the auxiliary winding terminals 8a, 8b are connected to the input terminals 9u, 9v, 9w and the input terminals 10a, 10b of the inverter unit 3, respectively.

On the other hand, the inverter unit 3 is constructed as follows. That is, the input terminals 9u, 9v,
A rectifier circuit 13 is connected between 9w and the DC power supply lines 11 and 12. A smoothing capacitor 14 is connected between the DC power supply lines 11 and 12, and the DC power supply lines 11 and 12 are connected to each other.
An inverter circuit 17 and a filter circuit 18 are connected in series between the output terminal 15 and the output terminal 15 and 16.

The rectifier circuit 13 has a structure in which the thyristors 19 to 21 and the diodes 22 to 24 are connected in the form of a so-called three-phase mixed bridge.
7 has a configuration in which transistors 25 to 28 (corresponding to switching elements) and free wheeling diodes 29 to 32 are connected in a so-called full bridge form.

The filter circuit 18 is an inverter circuit 17
Output terminal 33 and the output terminal 15 of the inverter unit 3
And a condenser 36 connected between the output terminals 15 and 16 of the inverter unit 3. The output terminal 34 of the inverter circuit 17 is directly connected to the output terminal 16 of the inverter unit 3, and a current transformer 37 for detecting the output current is provided in the current path from the output terminal 34 to the filter circuit 18. Has been.

Further, the inverter unit 3 includes a control power supply circuit 38, a control circuit 39 and a drive circuit 40. Of these, the control power supply circuit 38 includes an input terminal 10a,
An AC voltage induced in the auxiliary winding 6 is input via 10b, and the AC voltage is rectified and smoothed to generate a control DC voltage (for example, 5V, ± 15V) for operating the control circuit 39. There is. The AC voltage induced in the auxiliary winding 6 is used in order to detect the engine speed.
It is also entered in 9.

The control circuit 39 is the microcomputer 4
1 (hereinafter referred to as microcomputer 41), DC voltage detection circuit 4
2, a detection voltage output circuit 43, an output current detection circuit 44, and a PWM circuit 45. Microcomputer 41
Are not specifically shown, but are not limited to CPU, RAM, ROM,
The I / O port, the A / D converter, the timer circuit, the oscillator circuit, and the D / A converter are integrated into a one-chip IC.

The DC voltage detection circuit 42 includes the DC power supply line 11
The DC voltage VDC between Nos. 12 and 12 is divided and detected, and the detected DC voltage is output to the microcomputer 41 as a DC voltage detection signal.

The detection voltage output circuit 43 divides the voltage VFB between the output terminals 33 and 34 of the inverter circuit 17, and a voltage dividing circuit for removing the carrier wave component from the divided rectangular wave voltage. Filter circuit (none shown)
The detection voltage Vdet is output to the microcomputer 41 and the PWM circuit 45.

Further, the output current detection circuit 44 includes the current transformer 3
The output current detected by 7 is converted into a predetermined voltage level, and the detected output current Vi is output to the microcomputer 41 and the PWM circuit 45 as an output current detection signal.

The PWM circuit 45 executes the PWM control to drive the transistors 25 to 28 by the PWM signal V.
G1 'to VG4' are generated. PWM signal VG1 '
.About.VG4 'are applied to the bases of the transistors 25 to 28 via the drive circuit 40, respectively.
Note that the drive circuit 40 keeps the transistor 25 in the period during which the operation permission signal VRS is input from the microcomputer 41.
Is designed to drive ~ 28.

Next, in the above structure, when the engine is driven, a low voltage AC voltage having a frequency corresponding to the engine speed is induced in the auxiliary winding 6. The microcomputer 41 inputs the induced alternating voltage and performs a waveform shaping process,
The number of revolutions of the engine is detected based on the processed voltage waveform. Then, the microcomputer 41 operates the stepping motor 4 based on the deviation between the detected rotation speed and a predetermined command rotation speed to control the opening degree of the throttle to control the fuel supply amount to the engine and to rotate the engine. The rotation speed of the AC generator 2 is controlled so that the number matches the command rotation speed.

When the engine is driven, the main winding 5
A three-phase AC voltage having a frequency corresponding to the engine speed is induced in u, 5v, and 5w. The three-phase AC voltage is rectified by the rectifier circuit 13, smoothed by the capacitor 14, and converted into the DC voltage VDC. This DC voltage VDC
Is detected by the DC voltage detection circuit 42. The microcomputer 41 monitors the DC voltage VDC based on the detected DC voltage, and a rectifier circuit so that the DC voltage VDC does not exceed the reference DC voltage (for example, 180V) even if the engine speed exceeds the rated speed. Firing control of thirteen thyristors 19 to 21 is performed. That is, the microcomputer 41 stops the ignition signal to the thyristors 19 to 21 when the DC voltage VDC exceeds the reference DC voltage, and the thyristors I9 to I2 when the DC voltage VDC becomes lower than the reference DC voltage.
The ignition signal is output to 1.

(Suppression of engine speed change range) As described in the section of the prior art, in the portable engine-driven generator, as shown in FIG. 11, the alternation of the generator driven by the engine is performed. The output is once converted into direct current and then an inverter is used to obtain alternating-current power having a stable frequency and a stable output voltage.

The present invention is not limited to the system configuration having the inverter as shown in FIG. 11, but when the load of the generator (the power of the inverter may be used) is increased, the detected value of the inverter power is increased. Alternatively, the target engine speed (set value shown in FIG. 1) itself is increased from a value manually specified by the user to increase the engine output enough to cope with the increase in the load.

When the set value for increasing the target engine speed is given in this way, the target engine speed may be excessively set at a stretch as compared with the actual engine speed at that time. In such a case, the engine speed may be rapidly increased, and the sound from the engine may be suddenly increased to give the user discomfort.

In such a case, even if the target rotational speed for the engine is set excessively, the change width of the actual rotational speed can be suppressed within a predetermined range, and the rotational speed gradually increases. It is desirable to do so.

FIG. 12 shows a flow chart for suppressing the variation range of the engine speed. FIG. 12A is a flowchart corresponding to step (S13) and step (S14) in FIG. 8 regarding the suppression of the variation range of the engine speed. Further, FIG. 12B is a flowchart regarding suppression of the variation range of the engine speed when power-feedforward is performed under the configuration as shown in FIG. Step (S28): Rotational speed set value A for the engine
(That is, the target engine speed A) is input (set). Step (S29): Set value A at step (S28)
And the set value B up to the present time are compared. Then, when α is a predetermined change range of the rotation speed, (i) if A> (B + α) ... to step (S30) (ii) if A <(B−α) ... to step (S31) (iii) If (B-α) ≧ A ≧ (B + α) ... Proceed to step (S32). Step (S30): Set value A is set value B up to the present time
Since the change width α is larger than the predetermined change width α, it is assumed that (B + α) is given as the set value B instructed at that time, and a rapid increase in the rotation speed is prevented. Step (S31): Set value A is set value B up to the present time
Since the change width α is smaller than the predetermined change width α, it is assumed that (B−α) is given as the set value B instructed at that time, and a rapid decrease in the rotation speed is prevented. Step (S32): Set value A is set value B up to the present time
Since it is within the predetermined change width α as compared with A, it is assumed that A is given as the set value B instructed at that time. Step (S33): PID calculation is performed. Step (S34): Wait for the next interrupt.

In addition, in relation to feed forward, step (S35): The feed forward amount is determined according to the set value B instructed in the previous stage of step (S33). Step (S36): Wait for the next interrupt.

(Gain Adjustment for PID Calculation) Under the configuration as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the target rotation speed (set value) is set.
In order to improve the stability of the feedback control system even when is changed, depending on the target rotation speed for setting the gain in the PID calculation described above, the target rotation speed is large or small. It is desirable to change it.

That is, regarding the gain, that is, the coefficient K _I and / or the coefficient K _D and / or the coefficient K _P in the PID calculation shown in FIG. 10, for example, when the load of the generator or the load of the inverter is small, Therefore, when lowering the target rotation speed to be set, it is necessary to reduce the gain.

This is because the lower the set target speed is,
This is because the change in the number of revolutions greatly appears with respect to the change in the opening of the throttle. To correct this point, it is necessary to reduce the gain of the PID calculation to reduce the movement of the throttle with respect to the change in the number of revolutions. Is.

In a word, one or a plurality of gains in the PID calculation are set to be smaller as the target rotational speed to be set is lower.

FIG. 13 shows a flowchart for adjusting the gain of the PID calculation. Step (S37): An interrupt occurs in the microcomputer 200 under the condition that the rotation speed setting value A is set in the step (S28) in FIG. 12 described above. Step (S38): A target rotation speed (A in this case) is determined in response to the interrupt. Step (S39): For the target rotational speed A, for example, an index table prepared in advance in the microcomputer 200 is indexed to set the above-mentioned coefficients K _I and / or K _D and / or K _P. Step (S40): At that time, the deviation (error) between the actual rotation speed and the target rotation speed is obtained so as to correspond to the steps (S13) and (S14) shown in FIG. 8, and the PID calculation is performed under the set coefficient. Is performed, and the PID calculation result is updated. Step (S41): corresponds to step (S15) shown in FIG.

In the process shown in FIG. 13, the target revolution speed A is determined in step (S38), but the process shown in FIG.
The set value B given in steps (S30) to (S32) shown in 2 (A) may be determined in step (S38).

In the former case, when the desired target rotational speed A is given, the coefficient in each PID calculation is adjusted to a value corresponding to the target rotational speed A, so to speak, in the latter case. The coefficient is gradually adjusted so as to correspond to the change in the engine speed at that time during the elapsed time until the desired target speed A is reached.

(Measures in Consideration when Half-Wave Rectifier is Connected to Generator) As described above, in the average current-feed forward control, the current values sampled within the period of a half cycle of voltage are accumulated. By doing so, it was shown that the processing load on the microcomputer can be reduced because the processing on the microcomputer is sufficient for addition and subtraction.

However, assuming that a half-wave rectifier is connected to the load of the generator, a so-called full-load current period and a zero-load current period alternately appear every half cycle of the voltage. .

In consideration of such a fact, the accumulation of the current value sampled in the first half cycle of the voltage and the accumulation of the current value sampled in the latter half cycle of the voltage are added and regarded as the average current. It is necessary to.
Similarly, in the case of electric power, it is necessary to consider the sum of the electric power of the first half and the electric power of the latter half as electric power.

(Improving Responsiveness in Feed-Forward Control) When calculating the feed-forward amount as described above, it is desirable to find the power or average current within one cycle.

In the first place, the feed forward is an attempt to control the engine speed early in response to a load change, prior to the feedback control by grasping the change in the engine speed. However, in order to be able to cope with the sudden change in the load more effectively, the sudden change in the power or average current due to the sudden change in the load can be made even faster than the change in the power or average current in each cycle. It is desired to grasp.

Taking into account the case of a half-wave rectifier load, the average value of the current in the half cycle period before the voltage, the average value of the current in the half cycle period after the voltage, and one cycle of the voltage Said to average within.

In this case, for example, associating the average value of the current in the first half cycle period of the voltage with the voltage in each cycle, the following two cycles:
The change in the average value of the currents within the first half cycle period of the voltage exceeding the threshold value means that there was a sudden change in the load between the two cycles before and after the current cycle.

Based on this, the above-mentioned "power or average current or moving averaged power or average current" is used for feed forward, and further the sudden change of the load is dealt with "the first half of the immediately preceding cycle. The change in the average value of the current within the half cycle period of is used for feed forward.

The feed forward amount by the "power or average current or moving averaged power or average current" is defined as FF (AVE), and the "average value of the current in the first half cycle period of the immediately preceding cycle is calculated. The feed-forward amount due to "change" is FF (DIFF).

FIG. 16 shows a flowchart for extracting the feed-forward amount with improved responsiveness. Step (S48): An interrupt is applied corresponding to the zero-cross point or almost zero-cross point of the voltage. Step (S49): It is checked whether the former half cycle period or the latter half cycle period in one cycle of the voltage. Step (S50): In the case of the previous half cycle period,
The difference between the average value of the current in the previous half cycle period in the cycle one cycle before and the average value of the current in the previous half cycle period in this cycle is calculated, and the feed forward amount FF (DIFF ) Is determined. Step (S51): If the subsequent half cycle period,
The feed-forward amount determined based on the sum of the average value of the current in the previous half cycle period of this cycle and the average value of the current in the subsequent half cycle period of this cycle Update FF (AVE) (power −
In feed forward, the average current is read as electric power). Step (S52): The feed forward amount FF (DIFF) at that time is reset. That is, the feed forward amount FF (DIFF) obtained in the half cycle period before the current cycle is reset. Needless to say, the FF (DIFF) obtained in step (S50) is reset, but the average value of the current in the previous half cycle period of this cycle is present. Step (S53): Wait for the next interrupt.

In the case of FIG. 16, the target value of the throttle opening is (throttle opening target value) = (control amount of PID calculation result) + (FF (DIFF) in each half cycle of the first half) +
(FF (AVE) for each cycle)

The feed forward amount FF
(DIFF) and feed-forward amount FF (AVE)
It is preferable to select the gain of the control for changing the opening degree of the throttle by the following.

That is, the quantity FF (DIFF) is updated every half cycle of the voltage. From these facts, these feed-forward quantities are determined by the actuator's power during a half cycle, assuming that the power has changed by an amount corresponding to the rated power of the generator or the rated power of the inverter during a certain half cycle. It is set so as to be equal to the maximum amount by which the throttle opening can be changed based on the ability or the amount multiplied by k (k is a constant). The reason is,
This is because it is meaningless to set the gain beyond the capability.

Further, when performing the power-feed forward, the power is further calculated. As shown in FIG.
In the case where an inverter is installed on the output side of a generator that drives an engine, the output power from the inverter is known from the necessity of controlling the inverter itself.

From this, as the power used for the power-feed forward, the power grasped by the inverter can be used. Of course, the power for controlling the inverter itself may be calculated by accumulating the sampled currents, as described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.

[0108]

As described above, according to the present invention, in controlling a power generator driven by an engine,
Regarding processing by the microcomputer, processing for grasping the engine speed and / or grasping a target rotation speed error signal which is a deviation from the target rotation speed and processing for PID calculation based on the target rotation speed error signal are performed. Since the processing can be performed asynchronously, the processing by the microcomputer can be efficiently performed.

Further, also in the process of grasping the feed-forward amount in performing the feed-forward, the processing load on the microcomputer can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a principle configuration diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a modification of the present invention showing a modification of the moving average processing.

FIG. 3 shows a variant of the invention with power-feed forward.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating initialization of control.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a situation in which throttle opening control is performed.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart for explaining a fully closed position update.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart illustrating a routine for detecting the engine speed.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a PID calculation routine.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a control routine for a throttle control motor.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a PID calculation routine.

FIG. 11 shows an electrical configuration of a power supply device to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 12 shows a flowchart for suppressing a variation range of the engine speed.

FIG. 13 shows a flowchart for gain adjustment of PID calculation.

FIG. 14 shows a flow chart for calculating the average current.

FIG. 15 shows voltage waveforms and current waveforms when the power factor is 1 and when the power factor is 0.866.

FIG. 16 shows a flowchart for extracting the feed-forward amount with improved responsiveness.

[Explanation of symbols]

100: engine 101: Throttle control motor 200: Microcomputer 201: Actual rotation speed detection processing unit 202: Addition / subtraction processing unit 203: Moving average processing unit 204: arithmetic unit 205: Addition / subtraction processing unit

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F02D 45/00 358 F02D 45/00 358C 362 362H (72) Inventor Yuji Nakamura Daihatsu Nitta-cho, Gunma Prefecture Hayakawa Hayakawa No. 3 Sawafuji Electric Co., Ltd. Nitta Factory (72) Inventor Kazuo Ida No. 3 Hayakawa, Niigata-cho, Nitta-gun, Gunma Prefecture Sawafuji Electric Co., Ltd. Nitta Factory (72) Inventor Hidetake Hayashi Seto City, Aichi Prefecture 991, Anada-cho F-term in Toshiba Aichi factory (reference) 3G065 BA02 CA23 DA06 EA07 EA10 FA12 FA14 GA10 GA41 HA06 HA20 HA21 HA22 KA02 KA17 3G084 AA06 BA03 BA05 CA01 EA04 EA11 EB12 EF10 EB3 FA10 A3 CA01 DA01 DA06 EA03 EA09 EC02 FA05 FA11 3G301 HA27 KA01 LA03 LC04 NA01 NA03 NA04 NA05 NA08 NB03 NC08 ND02 ND05 ND42 NE17 NE19 PA14Z PE01A PE01Z

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An engine-driven power generator including an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, and a generator driven by the engine, wherein a rotation signal corresponding to an engine speed and the engine. The rotation speed error signal corresponding to the deviation from the rotation speed setting signal for setting the rotation speed is obtained, and the rotation speed error signal is calculated at least twice independently in one cycle of the engine stroke. And a throttle control motor drive unit that controls the opening degree of the throttle based on the output from the calculation unit. The calculation unit is configured such that the engine is n (n is an integer of 1 or more). ) In the period in which the engine rotates n times, the period of rotation is divided into p (p is an integer of 2 or more) sections, and the number of rotations obtained in each section is obtained. Serial engine generator apparatus characterized by being configured to perform operations to execute the moving average for the rotational speed error signal or the rotation signal. 2. An engine-driven power generator comprising an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, a generator driven by the engine, and an inverter unit connected to the generator, The engine includes a calculation unit that performs feedback control for the engine speed, and a throttle control motor drive unit that controls the opening of the throttle. The throttle control motor drive unit controls the output of the generator or the inverter unit for a predetermined period of time. A moving average of the extracted or obtained electric power is determined a predetermined number of times, an output from the throttle position correspondence processing unit is obtained based on the electric power or the moving averaged electric power, and the output is calculated by the arithmetic unit. Power supplied to the throttle control motor drive in combination with the output of An engine-driven power generator having a mode controller. 3. An engine-driven power generator including an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, a generator driven by the engine, and an inverter unit connected to the generator. A throttle control motor drive unit for controlling the opening of the throttle is provided with a calculation unit for performing feed back control for the engine speed, and the alternating current of the inverter unit is set to a predetermined value of the alternating voltage to be fed. The average current within the period or the moving average of the average current is calculated, the output from the throttle position correspondence processing unit is obtained based on the average current or the averaged moving average, and the output is combined with the output of the calculation unit. Average current supplied to the throttle control motor drive unit-feed
An engine-driven power generator having a forward controller. 4. An engine-driven power generator including an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, and a generator driven by the engine, wherein feed-back control is performed with respect to the rotational speed of the engine. A throttle control motor drive unit and a control unit are provided for controlling the throttle opening based on the result calculated by the calculation unit, and the throttle is fully closed when the engine is started. An engine-driven power generator, characterized in that the throttle position monitor in the control section is reset to a fully closed state so that normal control is started. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein when the throttle position monitor is in the fully closed state, the throttle is tried to be driven toward the fully closed position at an appropriate timing while the engine is being driven. The engine-driven power generator described. 6. An engine-driven power generator including an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, and a generator driven by the engine, wherein feed-back control is performed with respect to the rotational speed of the engine. When the calculation result is larger than the maximum value or smaller than the minimum value, the maximum value and the minimum value of the calculation result for the integration are set for the integral calculation in the calculation section. An engine-driven power generator characterized in that the maximum value or the minimum value is forcibly given. 7. An engine-driven power generator comprising an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, and a generator driven by the engine, wherein feed-back control is performed with respect to the rotational speed of the engine. A calculation unit is provided, and the maximum position and the minimum position of the throttle are set for the integral calculation in the calculation unit, and the position of the monitor corresponding to the current position of the throttle or the position of the monitor corresponding to the target position of the throttle is set. An engine-driven power generator, wherein integral calculation is not performed under the condition that the position is above the maximum position or below the minimum position. 8. An engine-driven power generator including an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, a power generator driven by the engine, and an inverter unit connected to the power generator. A control unit in which a signal that determines the target rotation speed of the engine is changed by the inverter power or is manually specified, and a calculation unit that performs feedback control for the rotation speed of the engine. An engine-driven power generation device, characterized in that, when the variation range of the target revolution speed of the engine exceeds a predetermined level, the engine drive power generator is set to fall within a predetermined range from the current target revolution speed of the engine. 9. An engine drive power generator comprising an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, a generator driven by the engine, and an inverter unit connected to the generator, the engine comprising: A control unit in which a signal that determines the target rotation speed of the engine is changed by the inverter power or is manually specified, and a calculation unit that performs feedback control for the rotation speed of the engine. The coefficient of the gain of the proportional operation and / or the coefficient of the gain of the differential operation and / or the coefficient of the gain of the integral operation in said arithmetic unit are changed according to the target value for controlling the engine speed. An engine-driven power generator characterized by: 10. An engine-driven power generator including an engine, a throttle for adjusting fuel supplied to the engine, a generator driven by the engine, and an inverter unit connected to the generator, The engine is provided with a calculation unit for performing feedback control with respect to the number of revolutions of the engine, and the electric power or average current for the period constituting one cycle of each of the inverter output voltage of the generator or the inverter unit is calculated, or For a predetermined cycle period, the output from the throttle position correspondence processing unit is obtained based on the electric power or the average current or the electric power or the average current that is moving average, and the output is combined with the output of the arithmetic unit. Power supplied to the throttle control motor drive unit An average current-feed forward control unit is provided, and the power or average current-feed forward control unit obtains the moving average in addition to the power or average current or for the power or average current in a predetermined cycle period. In addition to the signal component, the cycle of the inverter power or current and the cycle immediately before,
If only the first half of the half cycle is compared to find the difference, and if the difference exceeds the set value, a signal component corresponding to that amount is added,
An engine-driven power generator, wherein control is performed to reset the added amount to zero after the second half of the cycle ends.