JP2003072362A - Adsorption type refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely radiate sufficient amount of waste heat via a radiator (outdoor device) of an adsorption type refrigerator. SOLUTION: Only when the adsorption type refrigerator is stopped (a forth pump 404 is stopped to stop the circulation and the feed of heating medium to an evaporator 140), high-temperature cooling water flowing out from an engine 500 is made to flow to the outdoor device 200 by making a detour to avoid a condenser 150 (without circulating in the condenser 150). This constitution can circulate all the cooling water (heating medium) flowing out from the engine 500 to the adsorption type refrigerator in the outdoor device 200 and return it to the engine. This constitution can radiate sufficient amount of the waste heat by the outdoor device 200 and sufficiently function the outdoor device 200 as an auxiliary radiator so as to miniaturize a radiator 501.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorption refrigerator utilizing the waste heat of a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine such as an engine, and a heat engine having a radiator for cooling a heat medium for cooling the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine. It is effective when applied to a vehicle air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a vehicle air conditioner using an adsorption refrigerator, in the invention disclosed in JP-A-2000-177374, a radiator (outdoor unit) of the adsorption refrigerator is used to cool engine cooling water. However, we are trying to reduce the size of the radiator.

[0003]

By the way, in the invention described in the above publication, the radiator 200 and the adsorber 100 of the adsorption refrigerator and the engine are connected in parallel in the heat medium flow as shown in FIG. As a result, all of the cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine to the adsorption refrigerator side does not flow to the radiator, but partly bypasses the radiator and flows inside the adsorber and returns to the engine. The radiator may not be able to dissipate a sufficient amount of waste heat.

In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to reliably radiate a sufficient amount of waste heat via a radiator (outdoor unit) of an adsorption refrigerator.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) for cooling according to the invention described in claim 1. Is an adsorption refrigerating machine utilizing waste heat of a heat engine having a radiator (501) for cooling the heat medium, and adsorbing the vapor refrigerant and desorbing the adsorbed vapor refrigerant by being heated. (Si), an adsorption core (120, 130) for exchanging heat between the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium, an evaporator (140) for exchanging heat between the liquid refrigerant and the heat medium to evaporate the liquid refrigerant, A condenser (1) for exchanging heat between the vapor refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium to condense the vapor refrigerant.
50), adsorption core (120, 130), evaporator (14)
0) and a condenser (150), an adsorber (100) in which a liquid refrigerant is sealed, and a radiator (200) for cooling the heat medium, and when heating the adsorbent (Si), The heat medium flowing out of the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) is guided to the adsorption cores (120, 130), and the heat medium flowing out of the adsorption cores (120, 130) is dissipated in the radiator (20).
0) is bypassed and returned to the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500), and when the circulation of the heat medium to the evaporator (140) is stopped, the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and the radiator (500) are stopped. 200) to circulate a heat medium.

As a result, all of the heat medium flowing out from the liquid cooling type internal combustion engine (500) to the adsorption type refrigerator is radiated by the radiator (2).
(00) is circulated and returned to the engine, so that a sufficient amount of waste heat can be radiated by the radiator (200). Therefore, the radiator (200) can sufficiently function as an auxiliary radiator, and the radiator 501 can be downsized.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the waste heat of the heat engine having the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and the radiator (501) for cooling the heat medium for cooling the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) is discharged. It is an adsorption refrigerating machine which is used, and which adsorbs a vapor refrigerant and exchanges heat between the adsorbent (Si) and the adsorbent (Si) that desorbs the adsorbed vapor refrigerant by being heated. Heat exchange between the adsorption cores (120, 130), the evaporator (140) that heat-exchanges the liquid refrigerant and the heat medium to evaporate the liquid refrigerant, and the vapor refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium. A condenser (1
50), adsorption core (120, 130), evaporator (14)
0) and a condenser (150), an adsorber (100) in which a liquid refrigerant is enclosed, and a radiator (200) for cooling the heat medium, and the heat medium is circulated to the evaporator (140). It is characterized in that the heat medium is circulated between the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and the radiator (200) only when the supply is stopped.

As a result, all of the heat medium flowing out from the liquid cooling type internal combustion engine (500) to the adsorption type refrigerator side is radiated by the radiator (2).
(00) is circulated and returned to the engine, so that a sufficient amount of waste heat can be radiated by the radiator (200). Therefore, the radiator (200) can sufficiently function as an auxiliary radiator, and the radiator 501 can be downsized.

As described in claim 3, the first pump (401) for circulating the heat medium between the radiator (200) and the adsorption cores (120, 130) and the radiator (200). And a second pump (403) for circulating a heat medium between the condenser (150) and the evaporator (140)
When the supply is stopped to circulate the heat medium to
The second pump (403) may be stopped.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the heat medium flowing out from the radiator (200) is transferred to the adsorption core (12).
0, 130) side and the condenser (150) side, the heat transfer medium passage (L) on the condenser (150) side from the branch portion (P1)
1), a valve (4) for opening and closing the heat medium passage (L1)
08) may be provided and the valve (408) may be closed when the circulation of the heat medium to the evaporator (140) is stopped.

Incidentally, the reference numerals in parentheses of the above-mentioned respective means are examples showing the correspondence with the concrete means described in the embodiments described later.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (First Embodiment)
The adsorption refrigerator is applied to a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the adsorption refrigerator according to the present embodiment.

Reference numeral 100 is an adsorber (details will be described later), and reference numeral 200 is an outdoor heat exchanger (hereinafter, abbreviated as an outdoor unit) for exchanging heat between the heat medium circulated in the adsorber 100 and the outdoor air. Yes, 300 is an indoor heat exchanger (hereinafter, abbreviated as an indoor unit) that exchanges heat between the heat medium cooled by the refrigerating capacity generated in the adsorber 100 and the air blown into the room to cool the conditioned air. .

Incidentally, the heat medium in this embodiment is a fluid obtained by adding ethylene glycol antifreeze to water, and is the same as the cooling water for the water-cooled engine described later.

Reference numeral 500 denotes a heat source of heat input to the adsorber 100 (adsorption refrigerator), and in this embodiment, waste heat of a water-cooled engine (water-cooled internal combustion engine) is used as a heat source.

Reference numeral 401 denotes the outdoor unit 200 and the adsorber 10.
No. 0 is an electric first pump that circulates the heat medium between the first and second adsorption cores 120 and 130, and 402 is an electric type that circulates the heat medium between the outdoor unit 200 and the condenser 150. The second pump 403 is an electric third pump 403 that circulates a heat medium between the indoor unit 300 and the evaporator 140.
Reference numeral 404 denotes a pump, which is a fourth electrically driven pump that circulates the cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 to the adsorption refrigerator side.

Further, 405 and 406 are switching valves (four-way valves) for switching the circulation path of the heat medium.
05, 406 and the first to fourth pumps 401 to 404 are controlled by an electronic control unit (not shown).

Reference numeral 400 is a heater for heating the air blown out into the room by using the cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 as a heat source, and 407 is a water valve for adjusting the amount of cooling water (hot water) supplied to the heater. Yes, 501
Is a radiator for the engine 500 that cools the cooling water by exchanging heat between the cooling water flowing out from the engine 500 and the outside air.

Reference numeral 502 designates the cooling water flowing out of the engine 500, bypassing the radiator 501, and then the engine 50.
503 is a radiator 50, which is a bypass circuit for returning to 0.
It is a thermostat that adjusts the cooling water temperature (engine temperature) by adjusting the amount of water flowing to 1 and the amount of water flowing to the bypass circuit 502.

Next, the adsorber 100 will be described.

In the adsorber 100, a casing 110 made of stainless steel (SUS304 in this embodiment) in which a refrigerant (water in this embodiment) is enclosed is kept in a substantially vacuum state. 1 to 4 spaces) 101 to 104, and the heat exchangers 120, 130, 140 and 150 in which the heat medium flows are housed in the respective spaces 101 to 104.

Specifically, the first and second spaces 101 and 102
Includes a heat exchanger 120 for exchanging heat between the heat medium and the adsorbent,
130 (hereinafter, referred to as first and second adsorption cores 120 and 130) is housed, and in the third space 103, heat exchange is performed between the liquid phase refrigerant and the heat medium circulating in the indoor unit 300 to generate the liquid phase refrigerant. An evaporator 140 for evaporating is accommodated, and a condenser 150 for condensing the vapor refrigerant by exchanging heat between the vapor refrigerant and the heat medium circulating in the outdoor unit 200 is accommodated in the fourth space 104.

The surface of the first and second adsorption cores 120 and 130 adsorbs the vapor refrigerant and desorbs (regenerates) the adsorbed refrigerant by heating (in this embodiment, an adsorbent). , Silica gel) Si is adhered and fixed by an adhesive (an epoxy resin in this embodiment).

Further, 160a is a steam valve (fluid valve) for controlling the communication state between the first space 101 and the third space 103, and 160b is the first space 101 and the fourth space 1.
A steam valve (fluid valve) for controlling the communication state with 04, and 160c is the 21st space 102 and the 3rd space 1
03 is a water vapor valve (fluid valve) for controlling the communication state with 03, and 160d is the second space 102 and the fourth space 10.
Steam valve (fluid valve) that controls the state of communication with 3
Is.

Here, the water vapor valves 160a to 160d.
Since all have the same structure, these steam valves 160
When collectively referring to a to 160d, the steam valve 16
Notated as 0.

Further, 170 is a refrigerant return circuit that guides the refrigerant liquefied (condensed) in the condenser 150 to the third space 103 (the space in which the evaporator 140 is housed), and 171 opens and closes the refrigerant return circuit 170. It is a valve that does.

Next, the water vapor valve 160 will be described with reference to FIG.

Numeral 161 is a partition member (seal plate) for partitioning the space in which the refrigerant (fluid) exists into a first space (for example, the first space 101) A and a second space (for example, the third space 103) B. The partition member 161 is provided with a communication port (valve port) 162 that allows the spaces A and B to communicate with each other. In the present embodiment, the partition member (seal plate) 161 is fixed to the casing 110.

The communication port 162 is formed in a conical taper shape so that the opening area decreases from the first space A side toward the second space B side, and the valve body 163 that opens and closes the communication port 162 is formed. , A curved surface 1 that is convex on the second space B side
It is formed in the shape of a shell (shell, film) having 63a and is arranged at the communication port 162.

Numeral 164 is a valve guide for preventing the valve body 163 from flowing due to the dynamic pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the second space B to the first space A when the communication port 162 is opened. Is.

Next, the operation of the steam valve 160 will be described.

When the pressure on the first space A side is higher than the pressure on the second space B side, the valve body 163 is pressed against the second space B side by the pressure difference, and therefore the partition member (seal plate) 161. Valve body 163 on the conical taper surface 161a of
, And the communication port 162 is closed by the valve body 163.

On the other hand, when the pressure on the side of the second space B is higher than the pressure on the side of the first space A, the force pressing the valve body 163 against the conical taper surface 161a does not act, so that the first space from the second space B The dynamic pressure of the refrigerant flowing in the space A causes the valve body 163 to float (separate) from the image member (seal plate) 161, and the communication port 162 opens.

Next, the general operation of the vehicle air conditioner according to this embodiment will be described.

1. When the adsorption refrigerator operates, first, the switching valves 405 and 406 are operated as shown in FIG. 3, and the first to fourth pumps 401 to 404 are operated to operate between the evaporator 140 and the indoor unit 300. Between the first adsorption core 120 and the outdoor unit 200, between the condenser 150 and the outdoor unit 200, the second adsorption core 130 and the engine 5
A heat medium is circulated between the two.

As a result, the liquid-phase refrigerant in the third space 103 takes heat from the heat medium supplied to the indoor unit 300 via the evaporator 140 and evaporates to cool the heat medium.
The steam valve 160a is opened by the pressure of the vaporized vapor refrigerant to flow into the first space 101, and the first adsorption core 120
As a result, the vapor refrigerant is adsorbed. The adsorption core that adsorbs the vapor refrigerant is called the adsorption core in the adsorption step.

On the other hand, the second adsorption core 130 is the engine 50.
Since the refrigerant that has been heated and adsorbed by the high-temperature heat medium supplied from 0 is desorbed (hereinafter, this step is referred to as desorption step), the pressure in the second space 102 increases, and the water vapor valve 106d. The vapor refrigerant that has opened and desorbed is the fourth space 1
It flows into 04 and is cooled by the condenser 150.

The condensed liquid-phase refrigerant returns to the third space 103 via the refrigerant return circuit 170, and again takes heat from the heat medium supplied to the indoor unit 300 and evaporates.

This state (hereinafter, this state will be referred to as the first
Call it the state. ) For a predetermined time (in the present embodiment, 60 seconds to
100 seconds), the first to fourth pumps 401 to
The switching valves 405 and 406 are operated as shown in FIG.
The evaporator 140 and the indoor unit 300 are operated as shown in FIG.
, The second adsorption core 130 and the outdoor unit 200, the condenser 150 and the outdoor unit 200, and the first adsorption core 120 and the engine 500.

As a result, contrary to the first state, the second adsorption core 130 is in the adsorption step and the first adsorption core 120 is in the desorption step. Specifically, the liquid-phase refrigerant in the third space 103 takes heat from the heat medium supplied to the indoor unit 300 via the evaporator 140 to evaporate and cool the heat medium, and Steam valve 160 by pressure
After opening c, it flows into the twelfth space 102, and the vapor refrigerant is adsorbed by the second adsorption core 130.

On the other hand, the first adsorption core 120 is the engine 50.
Since the refrigerant that has been heated and adsorbed by the high-temperature heat medium supplied from 0 is desorbed, the pressure in the second space 102 rises, the steam valve 106b opens and the desorbed vapor refrigerant becomes the fourth space 104. Then, it flows into the inside and is cooled by the condenser 150. Then, when a predetermined time elapses in this state (hereinafter, referred to as the second state), the switching valves 405 and 406 are operated to return to the first state. . In this way, the first state and the second state are alternately repeated at predetermined time intervals to continuously operate the air conditioner.

The predetermined time is appropriately selected based on the remaining amount of the liquid-phase refrigerant existing in the casing 110, the adsorbing ability of the adsorbent adhered to the adsorbing cores 120 and 130, and the like.

2. When the engine 500 is operating and the adsorption refrigerator is stopped, the switching valves 405 and 406 are operated as shown in FIG. 5, the first and fourth pumps 401 and 404 are operated, and the second and fourth pumps 401 and 404 are operated. 3 Pumps 402 and 403 are stopped.

As a result, the high-temperature cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 bypasses the condenser 150 (without circulating inside the condenser 150) and the outdoor unit 200.
And is cooled to the outside air by the outdoor unit 200, and then returns to the engine 500 via the adsorption cores 120 and 130.

Next, the features of this embodiment will be described.

According to the present embodiment, when the adsorption refrigerator is stopped (the fourth pump 404 is stopped and the evaporator 1 is stopped).
40 when circulating the heat medium to stop the supply)
Only, since the high-temperature cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 bypasses the condenser 150 and flows to the outdoor unit 200 (without circulating inside the condenser 150), the high temperature cooling water flows from the engine 500 to the adsorption refrigerator side. Outflowing cooling water (heat medium)
All circulate in the outdoor unit 200 and return to the engine.

Therefore, since the outdoor unit 200 can radiate a sufficient amount of waste heat, the outdoor unit 200 can sufficiently function as an auxiliary radiator and the radiator 501 can be downsized.

(Second Embodiment) In the first embodiment, the second
By stopping the pump 402, the high temperature cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 was prevented from flowing into the condenser 150. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. The heat medium flowing out from the outdoor unit 200 is removed from the adsorption core 12 while the 404 and 402 are eliminated.
Branch part P for branching to the 0, 130 side and the condenser 150 side
A valve 408 for opening and closing the heat medium passage L1 is provided in the heat medium passage L1 on the condenser 150 side of the first pump 40 for circulating the heat medium to the outdoor unit 200 side from the branch portion P1.
9 is arranged.

When the outdoor unit 200 is made to function as an auxiliary radiator, the fourth and fifth pumps 404 and 40 are used.
Only 9 is operated and the valve 408 is closed. As a result, similarly to the first embodiment, the high-temperature cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 bypasses the condenser 150 and flows into the outdoor unit 200 (without circulating inside the condenser 150). All of the cooling water (heat medium) flowing out from the engine 500 to the adsorption refrigerator is circulated in the outdoor unit 200 and returned to the engine.

In this embodiment, the number of valves is increased but the number of pumps is reduced as compared with the first embodiment, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced in the air conditioner (adsorption refrigerator) as a whole. be able to.

(Other Embodiments) In the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied to the vehicle air conditioner, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to other adsorption refrigerators. You can

Although silica gel is used as the adsorbent in the above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and activated carbon, zeolite, activated alumina, or the like may be used as the adsorbent.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption refrigerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water vapor valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an operation of the adsorption refrigerator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the adsorption refrigerator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an operation of the adsorption refrigerator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption refrigerator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 ... Adsorber, 120, 130 ... Adsorption core, 140 ...
Evaporator, 150 ... Condenser, 160 ... Steam valve, 17
0 ... Refrigerant return circuit, 200 ... Outdoor unit (radiator), 300
... Indoor unit, 400 ... Heater, 500 ... Engine (liquid-cooled internal combustion engine), 501 ... Radiator.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An adsorption refrigerator utilizing waste heat of a heat engine having a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and a radiator (501) for cooling a heat medium for cooling the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500). The adsorbent (Si) that adsorbs the vapor refrigerant and desorbs the adsorbed vapor refrigerant by being heated, and the adsorption core (120, which exchanges heat between the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium. 130), an evaporator (140) for evaporating the liquid refrigerant by exchanging heat between the liquid refrigerant and the heat medium, and the heat exchange between the vapor refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium for vapor refrigerant. A condenser (150) for condensing water, the adsorption cores (120, 130), the evaporator (14)
0) and the condenser (150), an adsorber (100) in which a liquid refrigerant is sealed, and a radiator (200) for cooling a heat medium are provided to heat the adsorbent (Si). Occasionally, the heat medium flowing out of the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) is transferred to the adsorption core (1).
20, 130) and at the same time, the adsorption core (12
The heat medium flowing out of the radiator (20,
0) is bypassed and returned to the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500), and when the circulation of the heat medium to the evaporator (140) is stopped, the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (5)
00) and the radiator (200) to circulate a heat medium. 2. An adsorption refrigerator utilizing waste heat of a heat engine having a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and a radiator (501) for cooling a heat medium for cooling the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500). And an adsorbent (Si) that adsorbs the vapor refrigerant and desorbs the adsorbed vapor refrigerant by being heated, and an adsorption core (120) that exchanges heat between the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium. 130), an evaporator (140) for evaporating the liquid refrigerant by exchanging heat between the liquid refrigerant and the heat medium, and the heat exchange between the vapor refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent (Si) and the heat medium. A condenser (150) for condensing water, the adsorption cores (120, 130), the evaporator (14)
0) and the condenser (150), an adsorber (100) in which a liquid refrigerant is sealed, and a radiator (200) for cooling the heat medium, and the evaporator (140) includes the heat medium. An adsorption refrigerator, wherein a heat medium is circulated between the liquid-cooled internal combustion engine (500) and the radiator (200) only when the supply of the circulating heat is stopped. 3. A first pump (401) for circulating a heat medium between the radiator (200) and the adsorption core (120, 130), the radiator (200) and the condenser (150). A second pump (403) for circulating a heat medium between the evaporator and the evaporator (140), and stopping the second pump (403) when supply of the heat medium for circulation to the evaporator (140) is stopped. The adsorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that. 4. The condenser (150) from a branch portion (P1) for branching the heat medium flowing out of the radiator (200) to the adsorption core (120, 130) side and the condenser (150) side. A valve (408) for opening and closing the heat medium passage (L1) is provided in the side heat medium passage (L1), and when the circulation of the heat medium to the evaporator (140) is stopped, The adsorption refrigerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve (408) is closed.