JP2003051761A - Communication equipment, communication system and communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide communication equipment adopting the UWB(ultra wideband) system, a communication system and a communication method for controlling a plurality of terminals to provide an equal reception level so as to attain multiple access. SOLUTION: A measurement section 201 respectively measures reception characteristics of impulse streams sent from a plurality of terminals and the communication equipment detects a terminal needing control of a transmission level. A transmission level control information generating section 203 generates transmission level control information S203 to control the detected transmission level of the terminal and a transmission section 204 transmits the information. The transmission level of the terminal receiving the transmission level control information is controlled and the reception characteristics of the impulse stream sent from the respective terminals are made equal to enable a reception section 201 to receive the impulse stream sent from a plurality of the terminals at the same time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a communication device, a communication system and a communication method, and more particularly to a UWB (ultra wideband) communication device, a communication system and a communication method using impulses as transmission signals.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In addition to mobile communication devices such as mobile phones,
In recent years, wireless communication functions are being installed in personal computers, their peripheral devices, and even home electric appliances such as televisions. With the increase in the number of wireless communication devices, interference between wireless communication systems and exhaustion of available frequency resources have become problems.

Under these circumstances, a wireless communication system called UWB (ultra wideband) system, which improves the utilization efficiency of the frequency band and is less susceptible to interference from other communication systems, has recently attracted attention. FIG. 27A is a schematic diagram of a UWB wireless communication system including a transmitting terminal 1 and a receiving terminal 2. Further, FIG. 27B is a diagram for comparing the signal spectrums of the normal communication system using continuous waves and the UWB system, and the symbol C1 is the UWB system,
Reference symbol C2 indicates a signal spectrum of a communication system using continuous waves. As shown in FIG. 27A, in the UWB method, a signal is transmitted using an impulse with a very narrow pulse width (for example, 1 nsec or less). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 27B, the signal spectrum C1 of the UWB system has a wider frequency band than the signal spectrum C2 of the normal communication system (for example, the OFDM system) using continuous waves, and the signal energy exceeds Dispersed in a wide band, the signal energy of each frequency is miniaturized. Therefore, UWB
The wireless communication system of the method can share the frequency band without causing interference with other wireless communication systems,
The utilization efficiency of the frequency band can be improved.

A specific example of the signal waveform in the UWB system is
FIG. 28 shows a comparison with a signal waveform using a continuous wave. Figure 2
8A is a diagram showing a signal waveform in which a continuous wave (sine wave) is modulated by BPSK (binary phase shift keying). As shown in FIG. 28A, in BPSK, the polarity of the signal is inverted between positive and negative depending on the value of the transmission data (value “+1” or value “−1” in the example in the figure). On the other hand, a signal waveform of the UWB system in which the impulse train is modulated by BPSK is shown in FIG.
8B. Similar to the case of the continuous wave, the polarity of the impulse is inverted according to the value of the transmission data, but the signal waveform is a sharp impulse. Also, FIG. 28C
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a UWB system signal waveform in which an impulse train is modulated by PPM (pulse position modulation). As shown in FIG. 28C, in PPM, the impulse generation position is shifted according to the value of the transmission data.

Here, a transmitter and a receiver in a conventional UWB wireless communication system will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional USB type transmission device.
Reference numeral 3 indicates a transmission data processing unit, reference numeral 4 indicates a transmission buffer, reference numeral 5 indicates a direct spread processing unit, and reference numeral 6 indicates an impulse generation unit.

The transmission data processing unit 3 performs a predetermined process for channel coding such as a compression process and an error correction code addition process on the input data Din. The transmission buffer 4 temporarily stores the data processed by the transmission data processing unit 3, and outputs the stored data directly to the diffusion processing unit 5 at the transmission timing of the data. The direct spread processing unit 5 multiplies a predetermined spread code sequence, which is a random code sequence such as a PN (pseudo-random noise) sequence, by the transmission data S4 input from the transmission buffer 4, and outputs an impulse as a spread data sequence S5. Output to the generation unit 6. The impulse generation unit 6 has an impulse train of a predetermined period modulated according to the spread data train S5 (see, for example, FIG. 28).
B or an impulse train as shown in FIG. 28C) is generated and transmitted from the antenna as a transmission signal ST.

FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a conventional USB type receiver. Reference numeral 7 is a correlation processing unit, reference numeral 8 is an integrator, reference numeral 9 is a data determination unit,
Reference numeral 10 indicates a reception buffer, and reference numeral 11 indicates a reception data processing unit.

The correlation processing unit 7 holds the same spreading code sequence used for direct spreading in the direct spreading processing unit 5 of FIG. 29, and detects the correlation between this spreading code sequence and the received signal SR. Then, the correlation signal S7 corresponding to the detection result is output. Specifically, an impulse train corresponding to the spread code sequence and having the same period as the transmission signal ST is generated, the impulse train is multiplied by the reception signal SR, and the multiplication result is output as the correlation signal S7. The integrator 8 receives the input correlation signal S
7 is integrated for a predetermined period, and the integrated value S8 is output to the data determination unit 9. The integration period is set according to the length of the spreading code sequence. The data determination unit 9 determines the value (value “+1”) of the received data based on the polarity of the integrated value S8 by the integrator 8.
Alternatively, the value "-1") is determined. The reception buffer 10 inputs the reception data of which the value is determined by the data determination unit 9, and sequentially stores the received data. The reception data processing unit 11 reads out the reception data accumulated in the reception buffer 10 and
The transmission data processing unit 3 of 9 decodes the channel-coded received data and reproduces the data Dout.

The synchronization detection / maintenance unit 12 controls the phase of the spreading code sequence by which the received signal SR is multiplied in the correlation processing unit 7, and detects the phase at which the correlation between the received signal and the spreading code sequence is maximized. In addition, it is a block for maintaining the spread code sequence of the correlation processing unit 7 at this phase. When the phase relationship between the spreading code sequence of the correlation processing unit 7 and the spread data sequence of the received signal is not controlled by the synchronization detecting / maintaining unit 12, for example, the 1-bit phase relationship is shifted back and forth between the transmitting side and the receiving side. However, due to the random nature of the spreading code sequence, it becomes impossible to recover information having correlation with the spreading code sequence from the received signal.

Next, the operation of the data communication by the transmitting apparatus of FIG. 29 and the receiving apparatus of FIG. 30 having the above-mentioned configuration will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 31 is a diagram showing signal waveforms of respective parts in the transmitter of FIG. 29 and the receiver of FIG.

The transmission data channel-coded by the transmission data processing unit 3 is temporarily stored in the transmission buffer 4 and then output to the direct spreading processing unit 5 at the transmission timing of the data. The transmission data S4 (FIG. 31A) input to the direct spreading processing unit 5 is multiplied by a predetermined spreading code sequence SD (FIG. 31B), and the multiplication result is sent to the impulse generating unit 6 as a spreading data sequence S5 (FIG. 31C). Is output.

For example, in FIGS. 31A to 31C, if the high level signal is the value "+1" and the low level signal is the value "-1", the signal data S4 is a data string of {+ 1, -1, + 1}. Is directly input to the diffusion processing unit 5. Also, FIG. 31B
, The spreading code sequence SD is {+ 1, -1, -1, + 1, + 1, -1, + 1, + 1, -1, -1, -1, + 1, -1, + 1, + 1, -1} ... (1) is a data string having a data length of 16 and if the data of value '+ 1' is directly spread by this spreading code sequence SD, {+ 1, -1, -1, + 1, + 1, -1, + 1, + 1, -1, -1, -1, + 1, -1, + 1, + 1, -1} ・ ・ ・ (2) spread A data string is generated. Further, when the data of the value "-1" is directly spread by the same spreading code sequence SD, {-1, + 1, + 1, -1, -1, + 1, -1, -1, + 1, A diffusion data string of + 1, + 1, -1, + 1, -1, -1, + 1} (3) is generated.

An impulse train (FIG. 31D), which is modulated according to each data value of the spread data train S5, has a waveform as shown in FIG. 28B or 28C, for example.
And is transmitted from the antenna as a transmission signal ST.

The transmitted transmission signal ST is superposed with various noises and is received by the receiving device (FIG. 31E). In the correlation processing unit 7, the received signal SR (FIG. 31E),
Impulse train SP corresponding to the spreading code sequence SD (see FIG.
1G), a pulse having a peak in one polarity is generated as a correlation signal S7 according to the value of the spread original data, as shown in FIG. 31G.

For example, when the impulse of the same value is multiplied in the impulse shown in FIG. 28B, the negative side portion of the impulse is folded back to the positive side, and a pulse having a peak on the positive side is generated. Also, when the impulses of different values are multiplied, the positive side part of the impulse is folded back to the negative side,
A pulse having a peak on the negative side is generated. Therefore, when the spread code sequence (1) and the impulse train of the spread data train (2) are multiplied, since these data trains have the same data value, a pulse train having a peak on the positive side is generated. On the other hand, when the spread code sequence (1) and the spread data train (3) are multiplied by the impulse train, these data trains have different data values, so that a pulse train having a peak on the negative side is generated.

The correlation signal S7 generated by the correlation processing unit 7 is integrated by the integrator 8 for a period corresponding to the data length of the spreading code sequence. In the example of FIG. 31H, integration is performed only for the period of 16 pulses of the impulse train SP. The integrated value S8 is compared with a predetermined reference in the data determination unit 9, and the value of the received data (value '
+1 'or the value'-1') is determined. The reception data whose value has been determined is sequentially accumulated in the reception buffer 10, and is sequentially read and decoded by the reception data processing unit 11 and output as data Dout.

[0017]

By the way, the above-mentioned U
In a WB communication system, in order to realize multiple access in which a single receiving device receives an impulse train transmitted simultaneously from a plurality of transmitting devices, spreading code sequences used for direct spreading in each transmitting device are mutually It suffices to select them so that they are orthogonal to each other, and the receiving side may independently provide the receiving section having the configuration of FIG. 30 for each of the orthogonal spreading code sequences. Even if a signal in which a plurality of impulse trains are multiplexed is received, each impulse train has a correlation with only one spreading code sequence, so that each receiving section can perform despreading independently.

However, in order to realize such multiple access, the reception power of the impulse train (or the reception characteristics such as the reception signal strength, the signal-to-noise ratio, and the error rate of the reception data) at the reception side is different. There is a precondition that they are equal. If the received power is not uniform,
While an impulse train with high received power can be received, there is a problem that an impulse train with low received power cannot be received because the impulse train with high received power interferes.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the invention is to perform impulse communication for transmitting information in impulse trains and simultaneously transmitting impulse trains from a plurality of communication devices to one communication device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a communication device, a communication system and a communication method capable of equalizing predetermined reception characteristics of respective impulse trains in a communication device on the receiving side.

[0020]

In order to achieve the above object, a communication device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a communication device for transmitting and receiving information in an impulse train, which comprises: A measuring means for measuring the reception characteristic of the impulse train in the receiving means, and a transmitting means for transmitting the impulse train at a level according to the measurement result of the measuring means. Preferably, the measuring means measures at least one of a signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal strength and an error rate as the reception characteristic.

According to the communication device of the first aspect of the present invention, the receiving characteristic of the impulse train in the receiving means is measured by the measuring means. Preferably, at least one of signal-to-noise ratio, received signal strength or error rate is measured. In the transmitting means, the impulse train having a level according to the measurement result is transmitted.

The transmitting means may transmit the impulse train at a level according to the predetermined control information received by the receiving means. Alternatively, the impulse train may be transmitted at a timing according to the predetermined control information received by the receiving means.

A communication apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is a communication apparatus capable of transmitting and receiving information in impulse trains and simultaneously receiving impulse trains transmitted from a plurality of transmission sources. Receiving means for receiving and reproducing information from each transmission source, measuring means for measuring the reception characteristics of the impulse train in the receiving means for each transmission source, and based on the measurement result of the measuring means, the impulse train Detect sources that need to change send level,
Transmission level control information generation means for generating information for controlling the transmission level at the detected transmission source according to the measurement result, and transmitting the generated transmission level control information to the detected transmission source. And transmission means. Preferably, the measuring means, as the reception characteristic,
At least one of the signal-to-noise ratio, the received signal strength, and the error rate is measured.

According to the communication device of the second aspect of the present invention, the receiving means receives the impulse train and reproduces the information from each transmission source. The reception characteristic of the impulse train in the receiving means is measured by the measuring means for each transmission source. Preferably, at least one of signal-to-noise ratio, received signal strength or error rate is measured. In the transmission level control information generating means, the transmission source that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train is detected based on the measurement result of the measuring means.
Further, information for controlling the transmission level at the detected transmission source is generated according to the measurement result.
The generated transmission level control information is transmitted to the detected transmission source by the transmission means.

Further, the transmission timing of the impulse train is changed on the basis of a plurality of synchronization signal generating means for generating a synchronization signal synchronized with the impulse train from each transmission source and the phase relationship between the generated synchronization signals. May include a transmission timing control information generating unit that detects a necessary transmission source and generates information for controlling the transmission timing at the detected transmission source according to the phase relationship. In this case, the transmission means transmits the generated transmission timing control information to the detected transmission source.

Further, when the transmission time zone allocation request signal is received by the receiving means, based on the measurement result of the measuring means, a time zone in which an impulse train to be simultaneously received can be newly added is detected, and In the detected time zone, the number of receptions of impulse trains that can be simultaneously received is determined according to the measurement result, and the reception number determination means detects the newly addable time zone, and , If the transmission level control information generating means does not detect a transmission source whose transmission level needs to be changed,
It may have an allocation means for allocating a time period during which the transmission of the impulse train is permitted to the transmission source of the allocation request signal, according to the determined number of receptions. in this case,
The transmission means transmits the information on the allocated time zone to the transmission source of the allocation request signal.

In a communication system according to a third aspect of the present invention, between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices,
A communication system for transmitting information using an impulse train, wherein the first communication device receives the impulse train and reproduces information from each of the plurality of second communication devices. And measuring means for respectively measuring the reception characteristics of the impulse train in the first receiving means with respect to the plurality of second communication devices, and changing the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result of the measuring means. And a transmission level control information generation unit that generates information for controlling the transmission level in the detected second communication device according to the measurement result. First transmission means for transmitting the transmission level control information to the detected second communication device, wherein the second communication device receives the impulse train as a second reception signal. And stage, at the level corresponding to the transmission level control information received in the second receiving means,
Second transmitting means for transmitting the impulse train.
Preferably, in the first communication device, the measuring means measures at least one of a signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal strength and an error rate as the reception characteristic.

Further, the first communication device is arranged between a plurality of synchronization signal generating means for generating synchronization signals respectively synchronized with the impulse trains from the plurality of second communication devices and the generated synchronization signals. Based on the phase relationship, the second communication device that needs to change the transmission timing of the impulse train is detected, and information for controlling the transmission timing in the detected second communication device is provided according to the phase relationship. And a transmission timing control information generating means for generating the
The first transmission means may transmit the generated transmission timing control information to the detected second communication device. In this case, in the second communication device, the second transmission means may transmit the impulse train at a timing according to the transmission timing control information received by the second reception means.

Further, when the first communication device receives the allocation request signal of the transmission time zone from the second communication device, the first communication device is based on the measurement result of the measurement device. , A reception number determination unit that determines a time zone in which an impulse train that is simultaneously received can be newly added, and that determines the number of impulse trains that can be simultaneously received in the detected time zone according to the measurement result, If the newly-added time zone is detected by the reception number determination means and the second communication device whose transmission level needs to be changed is not detected by the transmission level control information generation means, the determined reception is performed. An allocation unit that allocates a time zone in which the transmission of the impulse train is permitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal, in accordance with the number, Transmission means, the information of the allocated time slot may be transmitted to the second communication device of the transmission source of said allocation request signal. In this case, in the second communication device, the second transmitting means may transmit the impulse train in a time zone corresponding to the time zone allocation information received by the second receiving means. good.

A communication system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is provided between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices,
A communication system for transmitting information using an impulse train, wherein the first communication device receives the impulse train and reproduces information from each of the plurality of second communication devices. And a first measuring unit that measures the reception characteristic of the impulse train in the first receiving unit for each of the plurality of second communication devices, and the transmission of the impulse train based on the measurement result of the measuring unit. When the transmission level detecting means for detecting the second communication device requiring a level change and the transmission time band allocation request signal from the second communication device are received by the first receiving means, Based on the measurement result of the first measuring means, a time zone in which an impulse train to be received simultaneously can be newly added is detected, and an impulse capable of simultaneous reception in the detected time zone is detected. Of the number of received signals according to the measurement result and the number of received signals determining means detects the newly addable time zone, and the transmission level detecting means needs to change the transmission level. If the second communication device is not detected, an allocation unit that allocates a time period in which the transmission of the impulse sequence is permitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal according to the determined number of receptions. , And a first transmitting means for transmitting the information of the allocated time zone to the second communication device which is the transmission source of the allocation request signal. The second communication device includes second receiving means for receiving the impulse train, second measuring means for measuring reception characteristics of the impulse train in the second receiving means, and the second receiving means. And a second transmitting unit that transmits the impulse train at a level corresponding to the measurement result of the second measuring unit in a time period corresponding to the time period allocation information received in.

A communication method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is
A communication method for transmitting information between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices using an impulse train, comprising: receiving characteristics of an impulse train in the first communication device,
Measuring each of the plurality of second communication devices, detecting a second communication device that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result, and the first communication device In the step of generating the information for controlling the detected transmission level of the second communication device according to the measurement result, and the generated transmission level control information from the first communication device. The method includes transmitting to the detected second communication device, and transmitting the impulse train at a level according to the transmitted transmission level control information in the detected second communication device. Preferably, in the measuring step, at least one of a signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal strength and an error rate is measured as the reception characteristic.

Further, a step of detecting a second communication device for which the transmission timing of the impulse train needs to be changed based on the phase relationship between the impulse trains transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices, In the first communication device, a step of generating information for controlling the detected transmission timing of the second communication device according to the phase relationship; and the generated transmission timing control information, In the step of transmitting from the first communication device to the detected second communication device, and in the detected second communication device, the impulse train is transmitted at a timing according to the transmitted transmission timing control information. And a step of transmitting.

Also, transmitting the allocation request signal of the transmission time zone from the second communication device to the first communication device, and when the allocation request signal is received by the first communication device, The reception characteristic of the impulse train in the first communication device is measured for each of the plurality of second communication devices, and based on the measurement result, a time zone in which an impulse train that is simultaneously received can be newly added is detected. Along with the step of determining the number of impulse trains that can be simultaneously received in the detected time zone according to the measurement result, the newly addable time zone is detected, and the transmission level is changed. When the necessary second communication device is not detected, the impulse train is transmitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal according to the determined number of receptions. A step of allocating a time zone in which transmission is permitted; a step of transmitting the information of the allocated time zone from the first communication device to the second communication device of the transmission source; The communication device may have a step of transmitting the impulse train in a time zone corresponding to the received allocation information of the time zone.

A communication method according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is
A communication method for transmitting information between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices using an impulse train, comprising: receiving characteristics of an impulse train in the first communication device,
Based on the step of measuring each of the plurality of second communication devices and the measurement result, a time zone in which an impulse train to be simultaneously received can be newly added is detected, and simultaneous reception is possible in the detected time zone. Determining the number of different impulse trains received according to the measurement result; detecting the second communication device that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result; When a request signal for allocating a transmission time period is transmitted from the communication device of No. 1 to the first communication device, the newly addable time period is detected, and the transmission level needs to be changed. When the second communication device is not detected, the impulse train is transmitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal according to the determined number of receptions. A step of allocating a permitted time zone, a step of transmitting the information of the assigned time zone from the first communication device to the second communication device of the transmission source, and a second communication device of the transmission source. In the step of measuring the reception characteristic of the impulse train, in the second communication device of the transmission source, in a time zone according to the received allocation information of the time zone, at a level according to the measurement result, Transmitting the impulse train.

[0035]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, first to fifth embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. <First Embodiment> Regarding the first embodiment of the present invention,
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows the first of the present invention.
3 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a communication device according to the embodiment of FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 denotes a receiver,
Reference numeral 102 indicates a measuring unit, and reference numeral 103 indicates a transmitting unit.

The receiving unit 101 is a block that receives a UWB system signal transmitted in an impulse train. The measurement unit 102 is a block that measures the reception characteristics of the impulse train in the reception unit 101. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit 102A, the reception signal strength measurement unit 102B, and the error rate of the reception data. The measuring unit 102C is provided. In the example of FIG. 1, three measuring units are provided, but only a part of them may be provided. The transmission unit 103 is a UW
This is a block for transmitting the impulse train of the B method, and sets the transmission level of the impulse train according to the measurement result S102 in the measuring unit 102.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the receiving section 101 shown in FIG. Reference numeral 104 indicates a correlation processing unit, reference numeral 105 indicates an integrator, reference numeral 106 indicates a data determination unit, reference numeral 107 indicates a reception buffer, reference numeral 108 indicates a reception data processing unit, and reference numeral 109 indicates a synchronization detection / maintenance unit. .

Correlation processing section 104 holds the same spreading code sequence used for direct spreading on the transmitting side, detects the correlation between this spreading code sequence and received signal SR, and Corresponding correlation signal S104 is output. Specifically, an impulse train corresponding to the spread code sequence and having the same period as the transmission signal ST is generated, the impulse train is multiplied by the reception signal SR, and the multiplication result is output as the correlation signal S7. Further, the synchronization detection / maintenance unit 10 determines the timing for multiplying the spread code sequence and the received signal SR.
The control is performed according to the timing control signal S109 by the signal No. 9.

The integrator 105 receives the input correlation signal S10.
4 is integrated for a predetermined period, and the integrated value S105 is output to the data determination unit 106. The integration period is set according to the length of the spreading code sequence.

The data determination unit 106 determines the value of the received data based on the polarity of the integrated value S105 obtained by the integrator 105. The determination of the data value is performed by, for example, the input integrated value S
105 is converted into a digital value by an A / D conversion circuit,
It may be determined depending on whether or not the digital value is included in a predetermined threshold range. Alternatively, the determination may be made by comparing the input integrated value and a predetermined reference level with a comparator circuit.

The reception buffer 107 includes a data judging section 10
The received data whose value has been determined in 6 is input and sequentially stored. The reception data processing unit 108 uses the reception buffer 1
The received data stored in 07 is read, the channel-coded received data is decoded, and the data Dout is reproduced.

The synchronization detecting / maintaining unit 109 is a correlation processing unit 1.
In 04, the phase of the spreading code sequence by which the received signal SR is multiplied is controlled to detect the phase in which the correlation between the received signal and the spreading code sequence is maximized, and the correlation processing unit 7
The spreading code sequence of is maintained in this phase.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the transmitting unit 103 shown in FIG. Reference numeral 110 represents a transmission data processing unit, reference numeral 111 represents a transmission buffer, and reference numeral 11
Reference numeral 2 represents a direct spread processing unit, reference numeral 113 represents an impulse output unit, and reference numeral 114 represents a transmission level setting unit.

The transmission data processing section 110 carries out predetermined processing relating to channel coding such as compression processing and error correction code addition processing on the input data Din. The transmission buffer 111 temporarily accumulates the data processed by the transmission data processing unit 110, and directly accumulates the accumulated data according to the transmission timing of the data.
Output to. The direct spread processing unit 112 multiplies a predetermined spread code sequence, which is a random code sequence such as a PN sequence, by the transmission data S111 input from the transmission buffer 111, and outputs it as a spread data sequence S112 to the impulse output unit 113. . The impulse output unit 113 generates an impulse train of a predetermined period modulated according to the spread data train S112, and outputs it from the antenna at a transmission level according to the setting signal S114 from the transmission level setting unit 114.
The transmission level setting unit 114 sets the transmission level of the impulse train according to the measurement result S102 from the measuring unit 102, and outputs the setting signal S114 to the impulse output unit 113.

Next, the communication device 10 having the above-mentioned configuration
The operation of 00 will be described. The received signal SR received from the antenna is multiplied by the impulse train corresponding to a predetermined spreading code sequence in the correlation processing unit 104 of the receiving unit 101. At this time, the spreading code sequence is the received signal S
Timing is controlled so that the correlation with the impulse train included in R is maximized. Correlation signal S10 of the multiplication result
4 is a pulse train having a positive or negative polarity according to the value of the directly spread original data, and is input to the integrator 105. In the integrator 105, the pulse train corresponding to the sequence length of the spreading code sequence is integrated, and an integrated value S105 having a positive or negative polarity according to the value of the original data is generated. In the data determination unit 106, this integrated value S1
The value of the original data is determined based on the polarity of 05 and is sequentially accumulated in the reception buffer 107. The accumulated data is
The received data processing unit 108 sequentially reads out, decodes, and outputs as data Dout.

In the measuring unit 102, the receiving unit 101
The reception characteristics of the impulse train at are measured. For example, depending on the magnitude of the integrated value S105 at the time of reception,
The received signal strength is measured. Further, the signal-to-noise ratio is measured according to the ratio of the integrated value S105 at the time of no signal and at the time of reception. The error rate of the received data is measured by checking the error correction code when the received data processing unit 108 decodes the data.

In the transmission level setting unit 114 of the transmission unit 103, the transmission level is set according to the measurement result S102 of the measuring unit 102, and the setting signal S114 is output. On the other hand, the transmission data processing unit 110 of the transmission unit 103
The transmission path-coded transmission data in (1) is temporarily stored in the transmission buffer 111, and then is output to the direct spreading processing unit 112 at the transmission timing of the data.
Transmission data S111 input to the direct diffusion processing unit 112
Is multiplied by a predetermined spreading code sequence, and the result of this multiplication is output to impulse output section 113 as spreading data sequence S112. In the impulse output unit 113, the impulse train of a predetermined cycle modulated according to the spread data train S112 is the setting signal S11 from the transmission level setting unit 114.
It is output from the antenna at a transmission level according to 4.

As described above, according to the communication device 1000 shown in FIG. 1, the transmission level of the impulse train is set according to the measurement result of the reception characteristic of the receiving unit 101. Therefore, for example, when a plurality of communication devices 1000 on the transmission side simultaneously transmit an impulse train to one communication device on the reception side, the impulse train is received from the communication device on the reception side before this transmission, and this reception is performed. By setting the transmission level of the communication apparatus 1000 according to the characteristics, the reception characteristics of the impulse train from each communication apparatus 1000 in the communication apparatus on the receiving side (received signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, received data error rate, etc.) Can be equal to each.

<Second Embodiment> A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment described above, the transmission level is controlled by itself in a single communication device, but in the second embodiment, control information from one communication device (first communication device) on the receiving side. Accordingly, the transmission levels of the plurality of communication devices (second communication devices) on the transmission side are controlled.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the first communication device 2001 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 201 indicates a receiving section, reference numeral 202 indicates a measuring section, reference numeral 203 indicates a transmission level control information generating section, and reference numeral 204 indicates a transmitting section.

The receiving section 201 receives a UWB impulse train transmitted from a second communication device 2002, which will be described later. Impulse trains from a plurality of second communication devices 2002 can be simultaneously received, and information from each of the second communication devices can be reproduced. Measuring unit 202
Is a block having the same function as the measuring unit 102 in FIG. 1, and measures the reception characteristic of the impulse train in the receiving unit 201. Transmission level control information generation unit 203
Detects the second communication device 2002 for which the transmission level of the impulse train needs to be changed, based on the measurement result S202 in the measurement unit 202, and the second communication device 2002 is detected.
Information S203 for controlling the transmission level in
It is generated according to the measurement result S202. For example, the second communication device 2002 that transmits an impulse train whose reception level is extremely higher than others is detected, and information S202 for lowering this transmission level is generated. Transmission unit 204
Is a block for transmitting information to a second communication device 2002, which will be described later, and transmits, for example, a UWB impulse train. When the transmission level control information S203 is generated, it is transmitted to the second communication device 2002 designated by the transmission level control information generation unit 203.

Now, a more specific structure of the receiving section 201 will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the receiving unit 201 shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, reference numerals 205 and 209 denote correlation processing sections, reference numerals 208 and 212 denote synchronization detection / maintenance sections, and reference numeral 2
Reference numeral 06 and reference numeral 210 are integrators, reference numerals 207 and 211 are data determination units, reference numeral 213 is a received data integration unit, reference numeral 214 is a reception buffer, and reference numeral 215 is a received data processing unit.

Correlation processing unit 205 and correlation processing unit 209
2 is a block having a function equivalent to that of the correlation processing unit 104 in FIG. 2, detects the correlation between the received signal SR and each predetermined spreading code sequence, and outputs the correlation signal according to the detection result to the next stage. Output to integrator. Correlation processing unit 20
5 outputs the correlation signal S205 to the integrator 206, and the correlation processing unit 209 outputs the correlation signal S209 to the integrator 210. However, the correlation processing unit 205 and the correlation processing unit 209
The spreading code sequences of are orthogonal to each other.

In the present specification, when the spreading code sequences are "orthogonal to each other", not only when the spreading code sequences have a perfect orthogonal relationship but also when the correlation between the spreading code sequences is appropriately low. Contains.

Synchronization detection / maintenance unit 208 and synchronization detection /
The maintenance unit 212 is the synchronization detection / maintenance unit 109 in FIG.
Is a block having the same function as the received signal SR1.
The phase that maximizes the correlation between the spreading code sequence and the spreading code sequence is detected, and control is performed to maintain the spreading code sequence of each spreading processing unit at this phase. The synchronization detection / maintenance unit 208 controls the phase of the spreading code sequence of the correlation processing unit 205, and the synchronization detection / maintenance unit 212 controls the phase of the spreading code sequence of the correlation processing unit 209.

The integrator 206 and the integrator 210 are shown in FIG.
This block has a function equivalent to that of the integrator 105 in 1. and integrates the input correlation signal for a predetermined period. The integrator 206 integrates the correlation signal S205 from the correlation processing unit 205 and outputs the integrated value S206 to the data determination unit 207. The integrator 210 integrates the correlation signal S209 from the correlation processing unit 209 and outputs the integrated value S210 to the data determination unit 211.

Data judging section 207 and data judging section 2
Reference numeral 11 is a block having the same function as the data determination unit 106 of FIG. 2, and determines the value of the received data based on the polarity of the integrated value output from the integrator. The data determination unit 207 determines the value of the received data according to the polarity of the integrated value S206, and the data determination unit 211 determines the value of the received data according to the polarity of the integrated value S210.

The received data integration unit 213 integrates the data determined by the data determination unit 207 and the data determination unit 211, respectively. The reception buffer 214 inputs the data integrated by the reception data integration unit 213 and sequentially stores the data. The reception data processing unit 215 reads the reception data accumulated in the reception buffer 214, decodes the channel-coded reception data, and outputs the data Dout.
To play.

Note that, in FIG. 5, as an example, the configuration in which the data determined by the data determination unit is integrated and processed is shown. However, as another example, the individual determined data are separated from each other. Alternatively, the data may be accumulated in the reception buffer of and then processed separately. The present invention does not limit the configuration of the block that processes the received data after the data determination unit, so the configuration of this block is arbitrary.

The receiving section 201 of FIG. 5 having the above-mentioned configuration
The operation will be described with reference to the waveform chart of FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a signal waveform of each unit of the receiving unit shown in FIG. The received signal SR1 (FIG. 6A) on which various noises are superimposed is multiplied by the impulse train SP1 (FIG. 6B) corresponding to a predetermined spreading code sequence SD1 in the correlation processing unit 205, and the multiplication result (FIG. 6C) is spread. Code series S
It is integrated only during the period corresponding to the sequence length of D1 (FIG. 6).
D). Similarly, in the correlation processing unit 209, the impulse train SP2 (see FIG. 6) corresponding to the predetermined spreading code sequence SD2.
E) is multiplied by the received signal SR1, and the multiplication result (FIG. 6F) is integrated for the period corresponding to the sequence length of the spreading code sequence SD2 (FIG. 6G).

Spreading code sequence SD1 and spreading code sequence S
Since D2 is orthogonal to each other, even when impulse sequences directly spread by these spreading code sequences are received at the same time, as shown in FIG. 6, information is independently transmitted without interference between the impulse sequences. Can be played. However, in this case, the reception characteristics (for example, the reception signal strength) of the respective impulse trains need to be equal because the transmission level is controlled in the second communication device described later. When the reception characteristics are non-uniform, one impulse train interferes with the other, resulting in a high probability that information cannot be correctly reproduced.

Although the example of FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the receiving unit capable of receiving two impulse trains at the same time, a block including a correlation processing unit, a synchronization detecting / maintaining unit, an integrator and a data judging unit is further added. By installing in parallel, 3
It is also possible to adopt a configuration capable of simultaneously receiving one or more impulse trains. The above is the description of the receiving unit 201 shown in FIG.

Next, a plurality of second communication devices 2002 that simultaneously transmit an impulse train to the above-mentioned first communication device 2001 will be described. FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a second communication device 2002 according to the exemplary embodiment. FIG. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 21
Reference numeral 6 indicates a receiving unit, reference numeral 217 indicates a transmission level control information extracting unit, and reference numeral 218 indicates a transmitting unit.

The receiving unit 216 includes the first communication device 2001.
Is a block for receiving information transmitted from, for example, a UWB system signal transmitted in an impulse train. The transmission level control information extraction unit 217 is provided in the reception unit 216.
The transmission level control information from the first communication device included in the information received in (1) is extracted and output to the transmission unit 218. The transmission unit 218 is a block that transmits a UWB impulse train, and the transmission level control information S217 extracted by the transmission level control information extraction unit 217.
Depending on, set the transmission level of the impulse train.

Here, a more specific structure of the transmitting section 218 will be described. FIG. 8 shows the second transmitter 2 shown in FIG.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structural example of 18. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 219 denotes a transmission data processing unit and reference numeral 220.
Indicates a transmission buffer, reference numeral 221 indicates a direct diffusion processing unit, and reference numeral 222 indicates an impulse output unit.

The transmission data processing unit 219 is a block having the same function as the transmission data processing unit 110 shown in FIG. 3, and performs a predetermined process relating to channel coding on the input data Din. The transmission buffer 220 is a block having a function equivalent to that of the transmission buffer 111 shown in FIG. 3, and temporarily stores the data processed by the transmission data processing unit 219, and stores the stored data in accordance with the transmission timing of the data. Is directly output to the diffusion processing unit 221. The direct spread processing unit 221 is a block having the same function as the direct spread processing unit 112 shown in FIG. 3, and the spread data sequence S221 generated by multiplying a predetermined spread code sequence by the transmission data S220 is used as an impulse output unit. Output to 222. The impulse output unit 222 uses the spread data sequence S
221 is an impulse train of a predetermined period modulated according to
The signal is output from the antenna at the transmission level according to the transmission level control information S217.

According to the transmission unit 218 shown in FIG. 8, the transmission data channel-coded by the transmission data processing unit 219 is temporarily stored in the transmission buffer 220 and then directly transmitted at the transmission timing of the data. Diffusion processing unit 221
, And is multiplied by a predetermined spreading code sequence. The result of this multiplication is input to the impulse output section 222 as a spread data string S221, and an impulse train having a predetermined cycle modulated according to the spread data string S221 is generated.
The generated impulse train is output from the antenna at a transmission level according to the transmission level control information S217 received by the receiving unit 216. The above is the transmission unit 2 shown in FIG.
18 is a description.

Next, in the communication system composed of the first communication device 2001 and the plurality of second communication devices 2002, the transmission level of the second communication device according to the control information from the first communication device 2001. The process of controlling the will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a transmission level control information generation process in the first communication device 2001 shown in FIG.

First, in the first communication device 2001,
The measurement characteristics of the impulse trains transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices 2002 are measured by the measuring unit 202 (step ST101). Based on this measurement result S202, the second communication device 2 that requires control of the transmission level
002 is detected by the transmission level control information generating section 203 (step ST102).

If the second communication device 2002 requiring the control of the transmission level is not detected, this process is terminated, and if it is detected, then the detected second communication device 2002 is detected. Transmission level control information S203 for controlling the transmission level is generated (step ST10).
4). Then, the transmission unit 204 transmits the transmission level control information S203 to the detected second communication device 2002 (step ST105).

The transmission level control information transmitted from the first communication device 2001 is the second communication device 2002 of the transmission destination.
Is received by the reception unit 216 of the transmission level control information extraction unit 217, extracted by the transmission level control information extraction unit 217, and input to the impulse output unit 222 of the transmission unit 218. As a result, the transmission level of the impulse train output from the second communication device 2002 is set to a size according to the transmission level control information.

As described above, according to the first communication device 2001 and the second communication device 2002 described above,
Second communication device 200 in first communication device 2001
The transmission level control information is generated according to the result of measuring the reception characteristic of the impulse train from 2, and the transmission level of the second communication device 2002 is controlled according to this transmission level control information. Therefore, the reception characteristics of the impulse trains simultaneously transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices 2002 in the first communication device 2001 can be equalized. Thereby, in the first communication device 2001,
The impulse trains transmitted simultaneously from the plurality of second communication devices 2002 are received, and the respective second communication devices 200 are received.
The information from 2 can be reproduced.

<Third Embodiment> A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Third
In the embodiment, by controlling the transmission timing of the impulse trains in the second communication device according to the control information from the first communication device, the impulse trains simultaneously transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices 2002 are controlled. A method for reducing interference between them will be described.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the first communication device 3001 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 301 denotes a receiving unit,
Reference numeral 302 represents a measuring unit, reference numeral 303 represents a transmission timing control information generation unit, reference numeral 304 represents a transmission level control information generation unit, and reference numeral 305 represents a transmission unit.

The receiving unit 301 is a block having the same function as the receiving unit 201 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and can simultaneously receive impulse trains from a plurality of second communication devices 3002 described later. The measurement unit 302 is a block having the same function as the measurement unit 102 in FIG.
The reception characteristics of impulse trains received by the receiving unit 301 from the plurality of second communication devices 3002 are measured.

The transmission timing control information generator 303
In the above-mentioned synchronization detection / maintenance unit of the reception unit 301, a plurality of synchronization signals S301 generated for controlling the phase of each spreading code sequence are input, and an impulse train is generated based on the phase relationship between the synchronization signals. The second communication device 3002 that requires the change of the transmission timing of is detected. Then, the detected transmission timing control information S303 for controlling the transmission timing in the second communication device 3002 is generated according to the above-described phase relationship between the synchronization signals and the measurement result S302 of the measurement unit 302.

The transmission level control information generator 304 is shown in FIG.
Is a block having a function equivalent to that of the transmission level control information generation unit 203 shown in FIG. 1, and detects the second communication device 3002 that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result S302 in the measurement unit 302, Information S304 for controlling the transmission level in the second communication device 3002 is generated according to the measurement result S302.

The transmitting unit 305 is the transmitting unit 204 shown in FIG.
This block has a function equivalent to that of the second communication device 3002 and transmits information to the second communication device 3002 described later. When the transmission timing control information S303 is generated, it is transmitted to the second communication device 3002 designated by the transmission timing control information generation unit 303. Similarly, the transmission level control information S3
When 04 is generated, it is transmitted to the second communication device 3002 designated by the transmission level control information generation unit 304.

Next, a plurality of second communication devices 3002 that simultaneously transmit an impulse train to the above-described first communication device 3001 will be described. FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the second communication device 3002 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 306 indicates a receiving unit, reference numeral 307 indicates a transmission level control information extracting unit, reference numeral 308 indicates a transmission timing control information extracting unit, and reference numeral 309 indicates a transmitting unit.

The receiving unit 306 is a block having the same function as the receiving unit 216 of FIG.
The information transmitted from 01 is received. The transmission level control information extraction unit 307 is the transmission level control information extraction unit 2 of FIG.
It is a block having a function equivalent to that of the receiving unit 30.
The transmission level control information included in the information received in 6 is extracted and output to the transmission unit 309. The transmission timing control information 308 extracts the transmission timing control information included in the information received by the receiving unit 306,
This is output to the transmission unit 309. The transmission unit 309 is a UW
This is a block for transmitting the impulse train of the B system, and sets the transmission level of the impulse train according to the transmission level control information S307 extracted by the transmission level control information extraction unit 307, and also the transmission timing control information 308.
The transmission timing of the impulse train is set according to the transmission timing control information S308 extracted in.

Here, a more detailed structure of the above-mentioned transmitting section 309 will be described. FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the transmission unit 309 shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 312 is a transmission data processing unit, reference numeral 311 is a transmission buffer, reference numeral 312 is a direct spread processing unit, reference numeral 313 is an impulse output unit, and reference numeral 314 is a transmission timing control unit.

The transmission data processing unit 310 is a block having the same function as the transmission data processing unit 110 shown in FIG. 3, and performs a predetermined process relating to channel coding on the input data Din. Also, the transmission timing control unit 314
The timing of data processing is controlled according to the control signal S314 from. The transmission buffer 311 is a block having a function similar to that of the transmission buffer 111 shown in FIG. 3, and temporarily stores the data processed by the transmission data processing unit 310, and also directly accumulates the stored data. Output to. Also, the timing of outputting data to the direct spreading processing unit 312 is controlled according to the control signal S314 from the transmission timing control unit 314.

The direct spreading processing section 312 is a block having the same function as the direct spreading processing section 112 shown in FIG. 3, and spreads a spread data sequence S312 generated by multiplying a predetermined spreading code sequence by the transmission data S311. It outputs to the impulse output unit 313. Also, the timing of outputting the spread data sequence S312 is controlled according to the control signal S314 from the transmission timing control unit 314. The impulse output unit 313 transmits the impulse sequence of a predetermined cycle modulated according to the spread data sequence S312 to the transmission level control information S30.
It is output from the antenna at the transmission level according to 7. Also,
The transmission timing of the impulse train is controlled according to the control signal S314 from the transmission timing control unit 314.

The transmission timing control unit 314 responds to the transmission timing control information S308 extracted by the transmission timing control information extraction unit 308, the transmission data processing unit 310, the transmission buffer 311, the direct spread processing unit 312, and the impulse output unit 313. A control signal S314 for controlling each operation timing of is generated.

According to the transmitting unit 309 shown in FIG. 12,
The transmission data that has been channel-coded in the transmission data processing unit 310 is temporarily stored in the transmission buffer 311, and then directly input to the spreading processing unit 311 where it is multiplied by a predetermined spreading code sequence. This multiplication result is input to the impulse output unit 313 as the spread data sequence S312,
An impulse train having a predetermined period modulated according to the spread data train S313 is generated. The generated impulse train is transmitted level control information S30 received by the receiving unit 306.
It is output from the antenna at a transmission level according to 7.

Further, in accordance with the transmission timing control information S308, the transmission data processing section 310 and the transmission buffer 31
1. Direct diffusion processing unit 312 and impulse output unit 31
Each operation timing of No. 3 is controlled, and thereby the transmission timing of the impulse train output from the impulse output unit 313 is controlled. The above is the transmission unit 3 shown in FIG.
09 is the description.

Next, in the communication system composed of the above-mentioned first communication device 3001 and a plurality of second communication devices 3002, the transmission timing of the second communication device according to the control signal from the first communication device 3001. The process for controlling the will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 13 and the waveform diagrams of FIGS. 14 and 15. Note that the processing for controlling the transmission level of the second communication device 3002 is the same as the processing in the second embodiment already described, so this description is omitted. FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining a process of generating transmission timing control information in the first communication device 3001 shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a received waveform of an impulse train when the impulse trains from the second communication device 3002 received by the first communication device 3001 interfere with each other. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a received waveform of an impulse train when the impulse trains from the second communication device 3002 received by the first communication device 3001 do not interfere with each other.

First, in the transmission timing control information generating section 303 of the first communication device 3001, it is necessary to control the transmission timing based on the phase relationship between the synchronization signals generated by the synchronization detecting / maintaining section of the receiving section 301. The second communication device 3002 is detected (step ST201).

For example, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, when the phases of two impulse trains transmitted from the second communication device 3002 are exactly the same, the received signals in which these impulse trains are multiplexed are Impulse is
As shown in FIG. 14C, the two impulses strengthen each other to double the amplitude, or cancel each other out to zero the amplitude. Even with the reception signals multiplexed in this way, the reception unit 30
Although it is possible to reproduce the information of each impulse train by the despreading process in No. 1, when the reception level of the impulse train fluctuates, the two impulse trains interfere with each other and the reception characteristics deteriorate. There's a problem. The transmission timing control information generation unit 303 detects the second communication device 3002 that transmits the impulse train in such an interference state.

If the second communication device 3002 requiring the control of the transmission timing is not detected, this process ends (step ST202). If detected,
Next, transmission timing control information S3 for controlling the detected transmission timing of the second communication device 3002.
03 is generated (step ST203). Then, in the transmission unit 305, the detected second communication device 3
002 to the generated transmission level control information S30
3 is transmitted (step ST204).

The transmission timing control information transmitted from the first communication device 3001 is the second communication device 30 of the transmission destination.
02 is received by the receiving unit 306, is extracted by the transmission timing control information extracting unit 308, and is input to the transmission timing control unit 314 of the transmitting unit 309. According to the transmission timing control information S308, the second communication device 30
The transmission timing of the impulse train output from 02 is controlled.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, when the phases of two impulse trains received by the first communication device 3001 are controlled so as to have appropriate deviations,
Since the impulses do not interfere with each other as shown in FIG. 15C, the reception characteristics are not deteriorated even if the reception level of the impulse train varies. Therefore, better reception characteristics can be obtained as compared with the timing of the interference state shown in FIG.

The reception characteristic after the transmission timing is changed according to the transmission timing control information S303 is measured, and the transmission timing control information S3 is measured according to the measurement result.
03 may be generated again and the process of transmitting it to the second communication device 3002 may be repeated. Through such repetitive processing, the transmission timing can be controlled so that the reception characteristic becomes the best.

As described above, according to the first communication device 3001 and the second communication device 3002 described above,
Similar to the second embodiment, in the first communication device 3001, it is possible to equalize the reception characteristics of the impulse trains simultaneously transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices 3002. Furthermore, by controlling the transmission timing of the impulse train in the second communication device 3002, good reception characteristics can be obtained even when the reception level fluctuates.

<Fourth Embodiment> A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Wireless LAN (local area network) and wireless PAN (personal
In an area network, etc., there are roughly two types of methods for realizing multiple access in which a plurality of users communicate using a common communication path. That is, there are a system in which a control station that manages time slots exists and a system in which no such control station exists. As an example of the method in which the control station does not exist, there is an ALOHA method in which each terminal randomly transmits a packet to the base station and retransmits the packet depending on the presence or absence of a reception confirmation packet returned from the base station. Also, as an example of the method in which the control station exists,
There is a reservation type ALOHA system in which a control station allocates a time slot in response to a reservation request from a terminal.

In the multiple access method in which a control station exists, a dedicated time zone for requesting a time slot reservation from the terminal to the control station is often provided. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a frame structure when a control station receives a time slot request from a terminal and allocates a time slot. For example, such a frame structure is used in a communication standard such as HIPERLAN / 2. Has been.

The frame shown in FIG. 16 is a time zone Control for transmitting control information from the control station to the terminal, a time zone Uplink for transmitting information from the terminal, a time zone Downlink for transmitting information from the control station, and a terminal to control station. It is configured by a time zone Request requesting allocation of a time slot in the time zone Uplink.
These time zones are further divided in units of time slots that are the basis of transmission and reception. In addition, the length and order of time zones may be changeable.

The terminal which has generated the data to be transmitted transmits a request packet requesting the allocation of the time slot in the time zone Request, and the control station which receives this request packet allocates the time slot. The information on the allocation result is transmitted from the control station to the terminal in the time zone Control.

By the way, in this time zone Request, since the request packet is transmitted at random from each terminal, packet collision occurs on the receiving side. When a packet collision occurs, the terminal has to retransmit the request packet, so that time slot allocation cannot be performed efficiently. In order to avoid such packet collision, for example, there is a method of increasing the number of time slots in the time zone Request, but this is to reduce the number of slots used in the time zone (Uplink, Downlink) for data communication. Therefore, the communication efficiency is reduced.

Therefore, as a fourth embodiment, the first communication device 4 which allocates time slots in response to a request.
A communication system including 001 and a plurality of second communication devices 4002 that request the first communication device to allocate time slots and transmit data in the allocated time zone will be described. The first communication device 4001 and the second communication device 4002 include the configuration described in the third embodiment, and the transmission timing of the impulse train by the second communication device 4002 can be controlled. It is possible to reduce deterioration of reception characteristics due to collision.

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the first communication device 4001 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 17, reference numeral 401 denotes a receiving unit,
Reference numeral 402 is a measuring unit, reference numeral 403 is a transmission timing control information generation unit, reference numeral 404 is a spreading factor control information generation unit, reference numeral 405 is a reception number determination unit, reference numeral 406 is an allocation unit, and reference numeral 407 is a transmission level. Reference numeral 408 denotes a control information generation unit, and reference numeral 408 denotes a transmission unit.

The receiving section 401 is a block having the same function as the receiving section 201 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and is capable of simultaneously receiving impulse trains from a plurality of second communication devices 4002 described later. If the spreading factor control information is generated by the spreading factor control information generation unit 404,
According to this, the diffusion rate in the direct diffusion process is changed.
The measurement unit 402 is a block having the same function as the measurement unit 102 in FIG. 1, and includes a plurality of second communication devices 40.
The reception characteristics of the impulse train transmitted from the reception unit 401 in the reception unit 401 are measured.

The transmission timing control information generator 403
This is a block having the same function as the transmission timing control information generation unit 303 in FIG. 10, detects the second communication device 4002 that needs to change the transmission timing of the impulse train, and detects the detected second communication device 400.
2, the transmission timing control information S403 for controlling the transmission timing is generated.

The spreading factor control information generating section 404 determines whether or not the reception number determining section 405, which will be described later, directly detects a time slot in which an impulse train for simultaneous reception can be newly added, in each second communication device 4002. Spreading rate control information S for expanding the spreading rate of the spreading process
404 is generated and output to the transmission unit 408.

When the reception section 401 receives the time slot allocation request signal, the reception number determination section 405 determines the time when a new impulse train for simultaneous reception can be added based on the measurement result S402 of the measurement section 402. Detect slots. Also, the number of impulse trains that can be received simultaneously in this detected time slot (reception number)
Is determined according to the measurement result S402.

The allocation unit 406 has a reception number judgment unit 405.
A second slot in which a time slot in which an impulse train for simultaneous reception is newly added is detected and the transmission level needs to be changed in the transmission level control information generation unit 403.
If no communication device 4002 is detected, the reception count S4
According to 05, the time slot is assigned to the second communication device 4002 which is the transmission source of the assignment request signal.

For example, if the number of receptions S405 determined in a certain time slot is 2, and the second communication device 4002 which has already used this time slot is zero, the second number requesting the time slot is Communication device 4
If the number of 002 is 3, then this time slot can be assigned to two of the communication devices. In this way, the time slot allocation processing is performed according to the number of receptions S405.

Also, allocating section 406 allocates mutually orthogonal spreading code sequences to second communication apparatus 4002 transmitting in this time slot.

The transmission level control information generator 407 is shown in FIG.
Is a block having a function equivalent to that of the transmission level control information generating unit 203, detects the second communication device 4002 that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train, and detects the detected second communication device 4002. Information S407 for controlling the transmission level is generated.

The transmission unit 408 is the transmission unit 204 shown in FIG.
This block has a function equivalent to that of the second communication device 4002 and transmits information to the second communication device 4002 described later. When the transmission timing control information S403 is generated, it is transmitted to the second communication device 4002 designated by the transmission timing control information generation unit 403. Similarly, spreading factor control information S404
Is generated, the spreading factor control information generation unit 4
04 to the second communication device 4002 designated. When the allocation information S406 is generated, the allocation information S406 is transmitted to the second communication device 4002 designated by the allocation unit 406. When the transmission level control information S407 is generated, it is transmitted to the second communication device 4002 designated by the transmission level control information generation unit 407.

Next, a plurality of second communication devices 4002 that simultaneously transmit an impulse train to the above-mentioned first communication device 4001 will be described. FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the second communication device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 18, reference numeral 409 is a receiving unit, reference numeral 410 is a transmission level control information extracting unit,
Reference numeral 411 denotes a transmission timing control information extraction unit, and reference numeral 4
Reference numeral 12 represents spreading factor control information, and reference numeral 413 represents an allocation information extraction unit.

The receiving unit 409 is a block having the same function as the receiving unit 216 of FIG.
The information transmitted from 01 is received. The transmission level control information extraction unit 410 is the transmission level control information extraction unit 2 of FIG.
It is a block having the same function as 17, and outputs the extracted transmission level control information S410 to the transmission unit 414.
The transmission timing control information 411 is a block having the same function as the transmission timing control information extraction unit 308 of FIG. 11, and outputs the extracted transmission timing control information S411 to the transmission unit 414. The spreading factor control information 412 extracts spreading factor control information included in the information received by the receiving unit 409, and outputs this to the transmitting unit 414. The allocation information extraction unit 413 extracts the time slot allocation information and the spreading code sequence allocation information included in the information received by the reception unit 409, and outputs this to the transmission unit 414.

The transmitting section 414 is a block for transmitting an impulse train of the UWB system, and has transmission level control information S4.
10, the transmission level of the impulse train, the transmission timing of the impulse train according to the transmission timing control information S411, the spreading factor of the direct spreading process according to the spreading factor control information S412, and the spreading factor of the time slot allocation information S413. For the time slot to be transmitted, the spreading code sequence of the direct spreading process is set according to the spreading code sequence allocation information S414.

Here, a more detailed structure of the transmitting section 414 will be described. FIG. 19 shows the transmitting unit 414 shown in FIG.
3 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of FIG. In FIG. 19, reference numeral 415 indicates a transmission data processing unit, reference numeral 416 indicates a transmission buffer, reference numeral 417 indicates a direct spread processing unit, reference numeral 418 indicates an impulse output unit, and reference numeral 419 indicates a transmission timing control unit.

The transmission data processing unit 415 is a block having a function equivalent to that of the transmission data processing unit 110 shown in FIG. 3, and performs a predetermined process relating to channel coding on the input data Din and a control signal S419. The timing of data processing is controlled accordingly. The transmission buffer 416 is a block having the same function as the transmission buffer 111 shown in FIG. 3, temporarily stores the data processed by the transmission data processing unit 415, and outputs the control signal S4.
The accumulated data is directly output to the diffusion processing unit 417 at a timing according to 19.

The direct spread processing section 417 is a block having a function equivalent to that of the direct spread processing section 112 shown in FIG. 3, and the spread data sequence S417 generated by directly spreading the transmission data S416 is generated according to the control signal S419. It outputs to the impulse output part 418 at the timing. Further, the spreading code sequence used for the direct spreading process is set according to the spreading code sequence allocation information S414 and is changed according to the spreading factor control information S412.

The impulse output unit 417 is a block having a function equivalent to that of the impulse output unit 313 shown in FIG. 12, and the impulse sequence of a predetermined cycle modulated according to the spread data sequence S417 is transmitted to the transmission level control information S410. Output from the antenna at the corresponding transmission level. Further, the transmission timing of the impulse train is controlled according to the control signal S419.

The transmission timing control section 419 transmits the impulse sequence at the time corresponding to the time slot allocation information S413 at the timing according to the transmission timing control information S411, the transmission data processing section 310, the transmission buffer 311 and the transmission data processing section 310. A control signal S314 for controlling the operation timings of the direct diffusion processing unit 312 and the impulse output unit 313 is generated.

According to transmitting section 414 described above, the spreading code sequence in direct spreading processing section 417 is set according to spreading code sequence allocation information S414, and
It is changed according to the spreading factor control information S412. Further, the transmission level of the impulse train is the transmission level control information S410.
It is set according to. Further, the impulse train transmission time zone is set according to the time slot allocation information S413, and the impulse train transmission timing in this time zone is set according to the transmission timing control information S411. The above is the description of the transmission unit 414 shown in FIG.

Next, a process in which the first communication device 4001 assigns a time slot in response to the above-mentioned request signal from the second communication device 4002 will be described.
20 and 21 are flowcharts for explaining time slot allocation processing in the first communication device shown in FIG.

When a signal requesting time slot allocation is received from the second communication device 4002 (step ST301), the reception number determination unit 405 detects a time slot in which an impulse train for simultaneous reception can be newly added. Is performed and the number of receptions is determined (step ST
302). When such a time slot is not detected, it is determined whether or not the spreading factor of the second communication device 4002 can be expanded (step ST304).

If the spreading factor is controllable, the spreading factor control information generating section 404 generates spreading factor control information S404 for expanding the spreading factor (step ST306).
It is transmitted to each second communication device 4002 (step ST306). Second communication device 400 receiving this
By increasing the spreading factor in No. 2, the communication quality of data is improved. In this state, the reception number determination unit 405 detects the time slot again (step ST302). This process is repeated, and when expansion of the spreading factor is finally impossible, time slot allocation is not performed and the process ends.

When the reception number determination unit 405 detects a time slot in which an impulse train for simultaneous reception can be newly added, then the transmission level control information generation unit 4
In 07, the detection of the second communication device 4002 that needs to change the transmission level is performed (step ST309).

When the second communication device 4002 that requires the change of the transmission level is detected, the transmission level control information generating section 407 generates the transmission level control information S404 (step ST307), and the detected detection level is changed. It is transmitted to the second communication device 402 (step ST308). Then, again, the second communication device 4 requiring the change of the transmission level
002 is detected (step ST309). This processing is performed by the second communication device 40 whose transmission level needs to be changed.
Iterate until 02 is no longer detected.

When the second communication device 4002 whose transmission level needs to be changed is no longer detected, then the allocation unit 4
In 06, time slots and spreading code sequences are assigned (step ST311), and the assignment information is transmitted to the requesting second communication device 4002 (step ST312).

When the impulse train is received from the second communication device 4002 to which the time slot and spreading code sequence are assigned in this way (step ST31)
4) Next, the transmission timing control information generation unit 403 detects the second communication device 4002 that needs to change the transmission timing based on the measurement result S402 of the received signal (step ST314).

When the second communication device 4002 that needs to change the transmission timing is detected, the transmission timing control information generator 403 transmits the transmission timing control information S.
403 is generated (step ST316) and transmitted to the detected second communication device 4002 (step S316).
T317). When the second communication device 4002 that receives this control the transmission timing, collision of impulse trains is avoided, and the reception characteristics of the first communication device 4001 are improved.

In the above-mentioned time slot allocation process, the process of improving the communication quality by expanding the spreading factor is performed, but if the spreading factor is increased, there is also a problem that the transmission rate decreases. Therefore, in the state where the control of the transmission timing is completed (for example, the state shown in the received signal waveform of FIG. 15C), the expanded spreading factor is reduced again,
It is also possible to improve the transmission rate. FIG. 22 shows
FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining an example of such time slot allocation processing, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 21 indicate steps for performing equivalent processing. The other processing is the same as the flowchart shown in FIG.

That is, along with the generation of the transmission timing control information (step ST316), the spreading factor control information for reducing the spreading factor is also generated (step ST318), and the control information is transmitted to the respective second communication devices. Yes (step ST319). In addition to this, the process of expanding or reducing the spreading factor according to the measurement result of the reception characteristic may be independently performed.

As described above, according to the above-mentioned first communication device 4001 and second communication device 4002,
Since the transmission level of the second communication device 4002 is controlled as in the second and third embodiments, the reception characteristics of the impulse trains simultaneously received by the first communication device 4001 should be equal. You can

Also, in response to a request signal transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices 4002, the first communication device 4001
The time slot allocation process is performed according to, and the second communication device 4002 transmits in the time slot corresponding to the allocation result. Even when a plurality of request signals are received by the first communication device 4001 at the same time, the second
By controlling the transmission timing of the communication device 4002, the collision of impulse trains can be avoided, so that good reception characteristics can be obtained even when the reception level fluctuates.

If a time slot to which an impulse train to be simultaneously received can be added is not found, the spreading factor of the transmission data in the second communication device 4002 is increased to improve the communication quality, and the time slot that can be added is increased. Since it can be created, the number of terminals in the communication system can be increased.

<Fifth Embodiment> A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Fifth
In the second embodiment, the control of the transmission level in the above-described fourth embodiment is independently processed in the second communication device.

FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the first communication device 5001 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Note that the same reference numerals in FIGS. 17 and 23 indicate components having equivalent functions.

The transmission level detecting section 501 includes a measuring section 402.
The second communication device 5002 that needs to change the transmission level is detected based on the measurement result S402 of the reception characteristic in step S4, and the allocation unit 406 is notified of the detection result.

FIG. 24 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of the second communication device 5002 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals in FIG. 18 and FIG. 24 indicate components having equivalent functions.

The measuring unit 502 is the measuring unit 10 in FIG.
2 is a block having a function equivalent to that of the reception unit 401.
The reception characteristic of the impulse train at is measured.

The transmitting unit 503 is a block for transmitting the UWB impulse train, and sets the transmission level of the impulse train according to the measurement result S502 of the measuring unit 502. Further, the transmission timing according to the transmission timing control information S411, the spreading factor of the direct spreading process according to the spreading factor control information S412, and the time slot for transmission according to the time slot assignment information S413 are spread code sequence assignment information. The spreading code sequence used for the direct spreading process is set in accordance with the above.

FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram showing a more detailed configuration example of the transmitting section 503 shown in FIG. Note that the same reference numerals in FIGS. 19 and 24 indicate components having equivalent functions.

Impulse output section 504 outputs from the antenna an impulse train of a predetermined cycle modulated according to spread data sequence S417, at a transmission level according to setting signal S505 from transmission level setting unit 505. In addition, the timing control unit 419 determines the transmission timing of the impulse train.
The control is performed according to the control signal S419 from. The transmission level setting unit 505 uses the measurement result S502 from the measurement unit 502.
In accordance with the above, the transmission level of the impulse train is set, and the setting signal S505 is output to the impulse output unit 504.

According to the transmitting section 503 shown in FIG.
Similarly to the transmission unit 414 shown in FIG.
The spreading code sequence in is set according to the spreading code sequence allocation information S414, and the spreading factor control information S412.
Will be changed accordingly. Further, the impulse train transmission time zone is set according to the time slot allocation information S413, and the impulse train transmission timing in this time zone is set according to the transmission timing control information S411. On the other hand, unlike the transmission unit 414, the transmission level of the impulse train in the transmission unit 503 is set based on the measurement result S502 of the measurement unit 502. The above is the description of the transmission unit 503 shown in FIG.

Next, a process in which the first communication device 5001 assigns a time slot in response to the above-mentioned request signal from the second communication device 5002 will be described.
FIG. 26 is a flowchart for explaining time slot allocation processing in the first communication device 5002 shown in FIG. Note that the same reference numerals in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 indicate steps for performing equivalent processing. Also,
Since other processes not shown in FIG. 26 are the same as those in the flowchart of FIG. 20, description thereof will be omitted, and the process after the time slot is detected in step ST303 will be described.

When the reception number determination unit 405 detects a time slot in which an impulse train for simultaneous reception can be newly added, the transmission level detection unit 501 detects that the second communication device 5002 needs to change the transmission level. Detection is performed (step ST309). When the second communication device 5002 that needs to change the transmission level is detected, the control process of the transmission level in the second communication device 5002 is awaited, and step ST309 is repeated again.
This process is repeated until the second communication device 5002 requiring the change of the transmission level is not detected. If such a second communication device 5002 is detected even after repeating a certain number of times or a certain period of time, the process may be terminated without allocating the time slot.

The process after the second communication device 5002 that needs to change the transmission level is no longer detected is the same as the flowchart shown in FIG.

As described above, the second communication device 50
Also in the fifth embodiment in which the transmission level is independently controlled in 02, the reception characteristics of the impulse trains simultaneously received by the first communication device 5001 are made equal as in the second to fourth embodiments. You can

The present invention is not limited to the above-described first to sixth embodiments, and various modifications obvious to those skilled in the art can be made.

[0147]

According to the present invention, one of a plurality of communication devices can be used.
In impulse communication in which impulse trains are simultaneously transmitted to one communication device, it is possible to equalize the predetermined reception characteristics of each impulse train in the communication device on the receiving side. Further, it is possible to improve the reception characteristics by avoiding collision of impulse trains on the receiving side.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a communication device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a receiving unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a first communication device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a receiving unit shown in FIG.

6 is a diagram showing an example of a signal waveform of each part of the receiving part shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a second communication device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission unit illustrated in FIG.

9 is a flowchart for explaining a process of generating transmission level control information in the first communication device shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a first communication device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a second communication device according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining a process of generating transmission timing control information in the first communication device shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a received waveform of an impulse train when the impulse trains from the second communication device received by the first communication device interfere with each other.

FIG. 15 shows a case where impulse trains from a second communication device received by a first communication device do not interfere with each other,
It is a figure which shows the example of the received waveform of an impulse train.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a frame structure when a control station receives a time slot request from a terminal and allocates a time slot.

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a first communication device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a second communication device according to the fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

19 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission unit illustrated in FIG.

20 is a first flowchart for explaining a time slot allocation process in the first communication device shown in FIG.

FIG. 21 is a second flowchart for explaining a time slot allocation process in the first communication device shown in FIG.

FIG. 22 is a third diagram for explaining another example of the time slot allocation process in the first communication device shown in FIG.
It is a flowchart of.

FIG. 23 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a first communication device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a second communication device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission unit shown in FIG. 24.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart for explaining a time slot allocation process in the first communication device shown in FIG.

FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining an outline of a UWB wireless communication system.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a specific example of a signal waveform in the UWB method in comparison with a signal waveform in a normal communication method using a continuous wave.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional USB type transmission device.

FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional USB receiver.

31 is a diagram showing an example of signal waveforms of respective parts in the transmitter of FIG. 29 and the receiver of FIG. 30.

[Explanation of symbols]

101, 201, 216, 301, 306, 401, 4
09 ... Receiving unit, 102, 202, 302, 402, 50
2 ... Measuring unit, 103, 204, 218, 305, 30
9, 408, 414, 503 ... Transmitter, 104, 20
5, 209 ... Correlation processing unit, 105, 206, 210 ... Integrator, 106, 207, 211 ... Data determination unit, 10
7, 214 ... Reception buffer, 108, 215 ... Reception data processing unit, 109 ... Synchronization detection / maintenance unit, 110, 21
9, 310, 415 ... Transmission data processing unit, 111, 22
0, 311, 416 ... Transmission buffer, 112, 221,
312, 417 ... Direct diffusion processing unit, 113, 222, 3
13, 418, 504 ... Impulse output section, 114, 5
05 ... Transmission level setting unit, 203, 304, 407 ... Transmission level control information generating unit, 208, 212 ... Sync detection
Maintenance unit, 213 ... Received data integration unit, 217, 307,
410 ... Transmission level control information extraction unit, 303, 403 ...
Transmission timing control information generation unit, 308, 411 ... Transmission timing control information extraction unit, 314, 419 ... Transmission timing control unit, 404 ... Spreading factor control information generation unit, 405
... reception number determination unit, 406 ... allocation unit, 412 ... spreading factor control information, 413 ... allocation information extraction unit 501 ... transmission level detection unit.

Claims (34)

[Claims] 1. A communication device for transmitting and receiving information in an impulse train, comprising: a receiving means for the impulse train; a measuring means for measuring a receiving characteristic of the impulse train in the receiving means; and a measurement result of the measuring means. A communication unit that transmits the impulse train at a corresponding level. 2. The measuring means, as the reception characteristic,
The communication device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of a signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal strength, and an error rate is measured. 3. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting means transmits the impulse train at a level according to predetermined control information received by the receiving means. 4. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting means transmits the impulse train at a timing according to predetermined control information received by the receiving means. 5. The correlation detecting means for detecting a correlation between a spread signal sequence corresponding to a predetermined spread code sequence and a received signal, and generating a correlation signal according to the detection result; The transmitting means includes an integrating means for integrating the signal for a predetermined period, and a data judging means for judging the value of the received data based on the polarity of the integrated value in the integrating means. Direct diffusion means to generate a spread data sequence, and each impulse of a reference impulse sequence having a predetermined period is modulated according to each data value of the spread data sequence, and the measurement result in the measuring means is obtained. The communication device according to claim 1, further comprising an impulse output unit that outputs a corresponding level. 6. The communication device according to claim 5, wherein the measuring means measures the received signal strength based on the magnitude of the integrated value in the integrating means. 7. The communication device according to claim 5, wherein the direct spreading unit directly spreads the transmission data at a spreading rate according to predetermined control information received by the receiving unit. 8. A communication device capable of transmitting and receiving information in impulse trains and simultaneously receiving impulse trains transmitted from a plurality of transmission sources, which receives the impulse trains and reproduces information from each transmission source. Receiving means, measuring means for measuring the reception characteristic of the impulse train in the receiving means for each transmission source, and based on the measurement result of the measuring means, the transmission source that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train is detected. Then, the information for controlling the transmission level at the detected transmission source is generated according to the measurement result, and the generated transmission level control information is transmitted to the detected transmission source. A communication device having a transmitting means for transmitting. 9. The measuring means, as the reception characteristic,
The communication device according to claim 8, wherein at least one of a signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal strength, and an error rate is measured. 10. The transmission timing of the impulse train is changed based on a plurality of synchronization signal generating means for generating a synchronization signal synchronized with an impulse train from each transmission source and a phase relationship between the generated synchronization signals. Has a transmission timing control information generating means for detecting a necessary transmission source and controlling the transmission timing at the detected transmission source according to the phase relationship, and the transmission means, The communication device according to claim 8, which transmits the generated transmission timing control information to the detected transmission source. 11. The communication device according to claim 10, wherein the transmission timing control information generating means generates the transmission timing control information in accordance with the phase relationship and the measurement result of the measuring means. 12. When a transmission time zone allocation request signal is received by the receiving means, a time zone in which an impulse train to be simultaneously received can be newly added is detected based on the measurement result of the measuring means, In the detected time zone, the number of received impulse trains that can be simultaneously received is determined according to the measurement result, and the newly determined time zone is detected in the received number determination means, and When the transmission level control information generating means does not detect a transmission source whose transmission level needs to be changed, according to the determined number of receptions, the time for permitting the transmission source of the allocation request signal to transmit the impulse train An allocation unit that allocates a band, and the transmission unit transmits the information on the allocated time period to the transmission source of the allocation request signal. The communication apparatus according to claim 8. 13. The plurality of correlation detecting means, wherein the receiving means detects a correlation between a spread signal and a spread impulse sequence respectively corresponding to spreading code sequences orthogonal to each other, and generates a correlation signal according to the detection result. A plurality of integrating means for integrating each of the generated correlation signals for a predetermined period, and a plurality of data determining means for determining the value of the received data based on the polarity of the integrated value in the integrating means. Item 12. The communication device according to item 12. 14. A spreading factor control for generating control information for expanding the spreading factor of direct spreading processing of transmission data at each transmission source when the newly addable time zone is not detected by the reception number determination means. An information generating unit, the transmitting unit transmits the generated spreading factor control information to each transmission source, the correlation detecting unit, the spreading impulse sequence according to the generated spreading factor control information. The communication device according to claim 13, which is changed. 15. The spreading factor control information generating means generates spreading factor control information for reducing the spreading factor when the transmission timing control information generating means does not detect a transmission source that requires a change in transmission timing. The communication device according to claim 14. 16. A communication system for transmitting information between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices by using impulse trains, wherein the first communication device transmits the impulse trains. First receiving means for receiving and reproducing information from each of the plurality of second communication devices, and reception characteristics of an impulse train in the first receiving means are measured for each of the plurality of second communication devices. And a second communication device that requires a change in the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result of the measuring means,
Transmission level control information generating means for generating information for controlling the transmission level in the detected second communication device according to the measurement result, and the generated transmission level control information in the detected second level. The second communication device includes a first transmitting means for transmitting to the communication device, and a second receiving device for receiving the impulse train, and the transmission level control information received by the second receiving device. And a second transmitting means for transmitting the impulse train at a level according to. 17. The first communication device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring means has a signal-to-noise ratio as the reception characteristic.
The communication system according to claim 16, wherein at least one of the received signal strength and the error rate is measured. 18. The first communication device includes a plurality of synchronization signal generation means for respectively generating synchronization signals synchronized with the impulse trains from the plurality of second communication devices, and between the generated synchronization signals. Based on the phase relationship, the second communication device that needs to change the transmission timing of the impulse train is detected, and information for controlling the transmission timing in the detected second communication device is provided according to the phase relationship. And a transmission timing control information generation unit that generates the transmission timing control information, the first transmission unit transmitting the generated transmission timing control information to the detected second communication device, and the second communication device. The second transmitting means transmits the impulse train at a timing according to the transmission timing control information received by the second receiving means. Communication system listed. 19. The first communication apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the transmission timing control information generating means generates the transmission timing control information according to the phase relationship and the measurement result of the measuring means. Communication system. 20. The first communication device, based on a measurement result of the measurement means, when the transmission time zone allocation request signal from the second communication device is received by the first reception means. , A reception number determination unit that determines a time zone in which an impulse train that is simultaneously received can be newly added, and that determines the number of impulse trains that can be simultaneously received in the detected time zone according to the measurement result, If the newly-added time zone is detected by the reception number determination means and the second communication device whose transmission level needs to be changed is not detected by the transmission level control information generation means, the determined reception is performed. An allocation means for allocating a time zone in which the transmission of the impulse train is permitted to the second communication device which is the transmission source of the allocation request signal, in accordance with the number, Transmitting means transmits the information on the allocated time zone to a second communication device which is a transmission source of the allocation request signal, and the second communication device, the second transmitting means, the second communication device. In the time zone according to the allocation information of the above time zone received by the receiving means of
The communication system according to claim 18, which transmits the impulse train. 21. In the first communication device, the first receiving device detects a correlation between a spread impulse sequence and a received signal respectively corresponding to predetermined spreading code sequences orthogonal to each other, and the detection result. A plurality of correlation detecting means for generating correlation signals according to the above, a plurality of integrating means for integrating the generated correlation signals respectively for a predetermined period, and the value of the received data based on the polarity of the integrated value in the integrating means. A plurality of data determining means for determining, and the assigning means assigns the spreading code sequence to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the assignment request signal, and the first transmitting means assigns the spread code sequence. Information of the spread code sequence is transmitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal, and the second communication device is configured such that the second transmission means transmits the transmission data. Direct spreading means for directly spreading with a spreading code sequence according to the spreading code sequence allocation information received by the second receiving means to generate a spreading data sequence, and each impulse of a reference impulse sequence having a predetermined period. 21. The communication system according to claim 20, further comprising: an impulse output unit that modulates the signal according to each data value of the spread data string and outputs the modulated signal at a level according to the transmission level control information. 22. The first communication device increases the spreading factor in the direct spreading means of the second communication device, respectively, when the newly addable time zone is not detected in the reception number judging means. And a spreading factor control information generating unit that generates control information for transmitting the generated spreading factor control information to each of the plurality of second communication devices. The means changes the spreading impulse sequence according to the generated spreading factor control information, and the second communication device is configured such that the direct spreading unit receives the spreading factor received by the second receiving unit. The communication system according to claim 21, wherein the transmission data is directly spread at a spreading rate according to the control information. 23. In the first communication device, the spreading factor control information generating means is required to change the transmission timing in the transmission timing control information generating means.
23. The communication system according to claim 22, wherein when the communication device of No. 1 is not detected, the spreading factor control information for reducing the spreading factor is generated. 24. A communication system for transmitting information between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices using impulse trains, wherein the first communication device transmits the impulse trains. First receiving means for receiving and reproducing information from each of the plurality of second communication devices, and reception characteristics of an impulse train in the first receiving means are measured for each of the plurality of second communication devices. And a transmission level detecting means for detecting a second communication device that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result of the measuring device, and the second communication device. When the request signal for requesting allocation of the transmission time zone is received by the first receiving means, a time zone in which an impulse train to be simultaneously received can be newly added is detected based on the measurement result of the first measuring means. Along with the
In the detected time zone, the number of received impulse trains that can be simultaneously received is determined according to the measurement result, and the newly determined time zone is detected in the received number determination means, and If the second communication device that needs to change the transmission level is not detected by the transmission level detection means, the impulse is transmitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal according to the determined number of receptions. An allocation unit for allocating a time period for permitting transmission of the column; and a first transmission unit for transmitting the information on the allocated time period to the second communication device which is the transmission source of the allocation request signal, The second communication device includes a second receiving means for receiving the impulse train, and a second measuring means for measuring the receiving characteristic of the impulse train in the second receiving means. And a second transmission for transmitting the impulse train at a level corresponding to the measurement result of the second measuring means in a time zone corresponding to the time zone allocation information received by the second receiving means. A communication system, including means. 25. The first communication device includes a plurality of synchronization signal generating means for generating synchronization signals respectively synchronized with the impulse trains from the plurality of second communication devices, and between the generated synchronization signals. Based on the phase relationship, the second communication device that needs to change the transmission timing of the impulse train is detected, and information for controlling the transmission timing in the detected second communication device is provided according to the phase relationship. And a transmission timing control information generation unit that generates the transmission timing control information, the first transmission unit transmitting the generated transmission timing control information to the detected second communication device, and the second communication device. 25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the second transmitting means transmits the impulse train at a timing according to the transmission timing control information received by the second receiving means. Communication system listed. 26. A communication method for transmitting information between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices using an impulse train, the impulse train receiving characteristic of the first communication device. For each of the plurality of second communication devices, based on the measurement result, a second communication device for which the transmission level of the impulse train needs to be changed, and the first communication device. In the communication device, a step of generating information for controlling the detected transmission level of the second communication device according to the measurement result; and the generated transmission level control information, the first communication device. From the above to the detected second communication device, and in the detected second communication device, at the level according to the transmitted transmission level control information, Communication method and a step of transmitting the scan sequence. 27. The communication method according to claim 26, wherein in the measuring step, at least one of a signal-to-noise ratio, a received signal strength and an error rate is measured as the reception characteristic. 28. Detecting a second communication device that requires a change in transmission timing of the impulse train based on a phase relationship between impulse trains transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices, In the first communication device, a step of generating information for controlling the detected transmission timing of the second communication device according to the phase relationship, and the generated transmission timing control information, Transmitting the impulse train from the first communication device to the detected second communication device; and in the detected second communication device, the impulse train at a timing according to the transmitted transmission timing control information. And a step of transmitting.
6. The communication method according to 6. 29. A step of transmitting a transmission time period allocation request signal from the second communication device to the first communication device; and, when the allocation request signal is received by the first communication device, The reception characteristic of the impulse train in the first communication device is measured for each of the plurality of second communication devices, and based on the measurement result, a time zone in which an impulse train that is simultaneously received can be newly added is detected. Together with the step of determining the number of impulse trains that can be simultaneously received in the detected time zone according to the measurement result, the newly addable time zone is detected, and the transmission level is changed. If the necessary second communication device is not detected, the impulse train of the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal is transmitted according to the determined number of receptions. Assigning a time zone for permitting communication, transmitting the information of the assigned time zone from the first communication device to the second communication device of the transmission source, and the second communication device of the transmission source. 27. The communication method according to claim 26, further comprising: a step of transmitting the impulse train in a time zone corresponding to the received allocation information of the time zone in the communication device. 30. The step of receiving, in the first communication device, impulse trains from the plurality of second communication devices comprises a spread impulse train and a received signal, each of which corresponds to a predetermined spreading code sequence orthogonal to each other. Detecting the correlation, generating a correlation signal according to the detection result, integrating the generated correlation signal for a predetermined period, respectively, based on the polarity of the integrated value in the integrating means, the plurality of And a step of determining the value of the data received from the second communication device, wherein in the step of allocating the time period, the spreading code sequence is also allocated to the second communication device which is the transmission source of the allocation request signal, In the step of transmitting the information of the time period, the information of the assigned spreading code sequence is converted into the first
Transmitting from the communication device to the second communication device of the transmission source, and transmitting the impulse sequence in the second communication device, the transmission data is transmitted according to the transmitted allocation information of the spreading code sequence. Direct spreading with a spreading code sequence to generate a spread data string, and modulating each impulse of a reference impulse string having a predetermined period according to each data value of the spread data string, and transmitting the transmitted data. 30. The communication method according to claim 29, comprising the step of outputting at a level according to the timing control information. 31. Control information for expanding the spreading factor in the step of directly spreading the transmission data of the second communication device when the newly addable time zone is not detected in the step of determining the number of receptions. The above first
And a step of transmitting the generated spreading factor control information from the first communication device to the plurality of second communication devices, the correlation of the first communication device. In the step of detecting the property, the spreading impulse train is changed according to the transmitted spreading factor control information, and in the step of directly spreading the transmission data of the second communication device, the transmitted spreading factor. Spreading rate according to control information,
The communication method according to claim 30, wherein the transmission data is directly spread. 32. The communication method according to claim 31, further comprising the step of generating spreading factor control information for reducing the spreading factor when a second communication device requiring a change in the transmission timing is not detected. . 33. A communication method for transmitting information between a first communication device and a plurality of second communication devices using an impulse train, the impulse train receiving characteristic in the first communication device. And a step of measuring each of the plurality of second communication devices, and based on the measurement result, a time zone in which an impulse train to be simultaneously received can be newly added is detected, and the simultaneous reception is performed in the detected time zone. Determining the number of impulse trains that can be received according to the measurement result, and detecting the second communication device that needs to change the transmission level of the impulse train based on the measurement result, When a request signal for allocating a transmission time slot is transmitted from the second communication device to the first communication device, the newly addable time slot is detected, or When the second communication device that needs to change the transmission level is not detected, the impulse train is transmitted to the second communication device that is the transmission source of the allocation request signal according to the determined number of receptions. Assigning a time zone to be permitted, transmitting the assigned time zone information from the first communication device to the second communication device of the transmission source, and the second communication device of the transmission source In the step of measuring the reception characteristic of the impulse train, in the second communication device of the transmission source, in a time zone according to the received allocation information of the time zone, at a level according to the measurement result, And a step of transmitting the impulse train. 34. Detecting a second communication device that requires a change in transmission timing of the impulse train based on a phase relationship between impulse trains transmitted from the plurality of second communication devices, In the first communication device, a step of generating information for controlling the detected transmission timing of the second communication device according to the phase relationship, and the generated transmission timing control information, Transmitting the impulse train from the first communication device to the detected second communication device; and in the detected second communication device, the impulse train at a timing according to the transmitted transmission timing control information. The communication method according to claim 33, comprising a step of transmitting.