JP2003038941A - Liquid separation membrane and operation method therefor - Google Patents
Liquid separation membrane and operation method thereforInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003038941A JP2003038941A JP2001232516A JP2001232516A JP2003038941A JP 2003038941 A JP2003038941 A JP 2003038941A JP 2001232516 A JP2001232516 A JP 2001232516A JP 2001232516 A JP2001232516 A JP 2001232516A JP 2003038941 A JP2003038941 A JP 2003038941A
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- adsorbent
- liquid separation
- membrane
- separation membrane
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、溶液からの特定の
液体の分離または液体からの固形物の分離に使用される
液体分離膜およびその運転方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid separation membrane used for separating a specific liquid from a solution or a solid material from a liquid, and a method for operating the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、精密濾過膜、限外濾過膜等の液体
分離膜としては、素材重合体からなる膜素材（膜層）の
裏面に不織布等の支持体（補強層）を固着した平膜形状
の分離膜や、素材重合体からなる膜素材のみにより構成
される中空糸膜形状の分離膜がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a liquid separation membrane such as a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, a flat material having a support (reinforcing layer) such as a non-woven fabric fixed to the back surface of a membrane material (membrane layer) made of a material polymer. There are membrane-shaped separation membranes and hollow fiber membrane-shaped separation membranes composed only of membrane materials made of a material polymer.
【０００３】一般に、これらの液体分離膜の表面には孔
が存在し、その孔よりも大きい固形物質は膜の通過を阻
止され、膜面上に堆積し、その孔よりも小さい固形物質
は膜を通過し、透過水中に出てくる。Generally, pores are present on the surface of these liquid separation membranes, solid substances larger than the pores are blocked from passing through the membrane and deposited on the membrane surface, and solid substances smaller than the pores are membranes. Pass through and come out in the permeate.
【０００４】一方、透過水中に含まれる溶解成分として
色度成分およびＣＯＤ（化学的酸素要求量）成分があ
り、これらの溶解成分は、容易に除去することができな
い。これらの溶解成分を除去するためには、工程内に活
性炭等の吸着剤を含む吸着塔を設置して透過水をさらに
処理する必要があった。On the other hand, there are chromaticity components and COD (chemical oxygen demand) components as dissolved components contained in the permeated water, and these dissolved components cannot be easily removed. In order to remove these dissolved components, it was necessary to install an adsorption tower containing an adsorbent such as activated carbon in the process to further treat the permeated water.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、工程内
に吸着塔を設置するには、設置場所が必要となると共
に、設備コストがかかるという問題がある。However, in order to install the adsorption tower in the process, there is a problem that the installation place is required and the equipment cost is increased.
【０００６】さらに、液体分離膜を用いて処理する原水
中に吸着剤を添加する方法もあるが、原水中に吸着剤が
含まれると膜表面を傷つけ、膜性能の低下を起こす可能
性がある。また、原水中の物質が吸着剤ととともに固形
状の固まりとなった場合には、液体分離膜を備えた分離
膜装置の流路を塞いで透過水が得られないという問題も
発生する。Further, there is also a method of adding an adsorbent to the raw water to be treated with the liquid separation membrane, but if the adsorbent is contained in the raw water, the membrane surface may be damaged and the membrane performance may be deteriorated. . Further, when the substance in the raw water becomes a solid mass together with the adsorbent, there is a problem that the permeated water cannot be obtained by blocking the flow path of the separation membrane device equipped with the liquid separation membrane.
【０００７】また、一般に、吸着塔では、平衡吸着に達
した後は、吸着剤の脱着または再生操作が必要であり、
吸脱着システムを組むか、あるいは別途再生システムを
確立するなど、複雑なシステムが必要となる。[0007] Generally, in an adsorption tower, it is necessary to desorb or regenerate the adsorbent after reaching the equilibrium adsorption.
A complicated system is required, such as an adsorption / desorption system or a separate regeneration system.
【０００８】本発明の目的は、色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等
の除去が困難な溶解成分を特別な処理システムを設置す
ることなく、容易に除去することができる液体分離膜お
よびその運転方法を提供することである。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid separation membrane which can easily remove dissolved components such as chromaticity components and COD components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, and a method of operating the same. It is to be.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段および発明の効果】第１の
発明に係る液体分離膜は、膜素材中に吸着剤が分散され
たものである。それにより、濾過運転時に色度成分、Ｃ
ＯＤ成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分が液体分離膜の膜素
材中の吸着剤により吸着され、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤
に吸着された溶解成分を除去することができる。したが
って、色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分
を特別な処理システムを設置することなく、容易に除去
することができ、省スペース化および低コスト化が図ら
れる。Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention The liquid separation membrane according to the first invention is one in which an adsorbent is dispersed in a membrane material. As a result, the chromaticity component, C
Dissolved components such as OD components that are difficult to remove are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane, and the dissolved components adsorbed by the adsorbent during the cleaning recovery operation can be removed. Therefore, it is possible to easily remove dissolved components such as chromaticity components and COD components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, thereby saving space and reducing costs.
【００１０】第２の発明に係る液体分離膜は、膜素材が
支持体上に形成され、支持体中に吸着剤が分散されたも
のである。それにより、濾過運転時に色度成分、ＣＯＤ
成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分が液体分離膜の支持体中
の吸着剤により吸着され、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤に吸
着された溶解成分を除去することができる。したがっ
て、色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分を
特別な処理システムを設置することなく、容易に除去す
ることができ、省スペース化および低コスト化が図られ
る。The liquid separation membrane according to the second aspect of the invention is one in which a membrane material is formed on a support and an adsorbent is dispersed in the support. As a result, chromaticity component and COD
Dissolved components that are difficult to remove are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the support of the liquid separation membrane, and the dissolved components adsorbed by the adsorbent during the cleaning recovery operation can be removed. Therefore, it is possible to easily remove dissolved components such as chromaticity components and COD components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, thereby saving space and reducing costs.
【００１１】第３の発明に係る液体分離膜は、膜素材が
支持体上に形成され、膜素材中および支持体中に吸着剤
が分散されたものである。それにより、濾過運転時に色
度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分が液体分
離膜の膜素材中および支持体中の吸着剤により吸着さ
れ、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤に吸着された溶解成分を除
去することができる。したがって、色度成分、ＣＯＤ成
分等の除去が困難な溶解成分を特別な処理システムを設
置することなく、容易に除去することができ、省スペー
ス化および低コスト化が図られる。In the liquid separation membrane according to the third aspect of the invention, a membrane material is formed on a support, and an adsorbent is dispersed in the membrane material and the support. As a result, dissolved components that are difficult to remove such as chromaticity components and COD components during the filtration operation are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane and in the support, and dissolved during the washing recovery operation. The component can be removed. Therefore, it is possible to easily remove dissolved components such as chromaticity components and COD components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, thereby saving space and reducing costs.
【００１２】吸着剤は、粒状、繊維状または粉末状であ
ってもよい。また、吸着剤は、活性炭またはポリマー系
樹脂を含んでもよい。The adsorbent may be granular, fibrous or powdery. The adsorbent may also include activated carbon or polymer resin.
【００１３】第４の発明に係る液体分離膜の運転方法
は、吸着剤を含有する液体分離膜を用いて濾過運転と洗
浄回復運転とを交互に行い、濾過運転時に吸着剤に吸着
された吸着物質を洗浄回復運転時に物理的または化学的
に脱着するものである。In the method for operating a liquid separation membrane according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a filtration operation and a washing recovery operation are alternately performed using a liquid separation membrane containing an adsorbent, and the adsorption adsorbed by the adsorbent during the filtration operation is performed. The substance is physically or chemically desorbed during the cleaning and recovery operation.
【００１４】それにより、濾過運転時に色度成分、ＣＯ
Ｄ成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分が液体分離膜中の吸着
剤により吸着され、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤に吸着され
た溶解成分を物理的または化学的に脱着することができ
る。したがって、色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難
な溶解成分を特別な処理システムを設置することなく、
容易に除去することができ、省スペース化および低コス
ト化が図られる。As a result, during the filtration operation, the chromaticity component, CO
Dissolved components such as D component that are difficult to remove are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the liquid separation membrane, and the dissolved components adsorbed by the adsorbent can be physically or chemically desorbed during the washing recovery operation. Therefore, without installing a special treatment system for dissolved components that are difficult to remove such as chromaticity components and COD components,
It can be easily removed, saving space and reducing cost.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態におけ
る液体分離膜について説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Liquid separation membranes according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
【００１６】（１）第１の実施の形態
第１の実施の形態における液体分離膜は、膜素材中に吸
着剤が分散されたものである。(1) First Embodiment The liquid separation membrane according to the first embodiment is one in which an adsorbent is dispersed in a membrane material.
【００１７】本実施の形態において、液体分離膜は、精
密濾過膜および限外濾過膜のいずれでもよい。また、液
体分離膜は、膜素材（膜層）の裏面に支持体（補強層）
が固着された構成を有してもよく、膜素材のみからなる
構成を有してもよい。液体分離膜の形態は、平膜であっ
てもよく、あるいは、中空糸膜であってもよい。In the present embodiment, the liquid separation membrane may be either a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. Further, the liquid separation membrane has a support (reinforcing layer) on the back surface of the membrane material (membrane layer).
May be fixed, or may be composed only of the film material. The form of the liquid separation membrane may be a flat membrane or a hollow fiber membrane.
【００１８】液体分離膜の膜素材を構成する重合体とし
ては、酢酸セルロース、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルス
ルホン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリフッ化ビニリデ
ン、ポリアクリロニトリル共重合体、エチレン−ビニル
アルコール共重合体等を用いることができるが、これら
に限定されるものではない。As the polymer constituting the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyimide, polyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the like are used. However, the present invention is not limited to these.
【００１９】吸着剤は、粒状、繊維状、粉末状等のいず
れの形状を有してもよい。また、吸着剤としては、ヤシ
殻、石炭、木質等の活性炭の他、ポリマー系樹脂等の各
種吸着剤を用いることができる。The adsorbent may have any shape such as a granular shape, a fibrous shape and a powdery shape. Further, as the adsorbent, various adsorbents such as polymer resins can be used in addition to activated carbon such as coconut shell, coal and wood.
【００２０】本実施の形態の液体分離膜は、次のように
して製造することができる。液体分離膜の膜素材を構成
する重合体の溶液、すなわちドープに、吸着剤を上記重
合体１００重量部に対して０．０１〜５０重量部を加
え、分散させ、必要に応じて脱気した後、従来から知ら
れている相転換法によって液体分離膜を得ることができ
る。The liquid separation membrane of this embodiment can be manufactured as follows. An adsorbent was added to a polymer solution constituting the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane, that is, a dope, in an amount of 0.01 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer, dispersed, and degassed as necessary. Then, a liquid separation membrane can be obtained by a conventionally known phase inversion method.
【００２１】このとき、吸着剤は、ドープへの分散がよ
く、かつ、得られる液体分離膜の性能を低下させないよ
うに、その粒径が１００μｍ以下であることが好まし
い。At this time, the adsorbent preferably has a particle size of 100 μm or less so that it is well dispersed in the dope and the performance of the obtained liquid separation membrane is not deteriorated.
【００２２】ドープ中の重合体の濃度は、通常、１０〜
４０重量％の範囲内とすることが好ましい。ドープ中の
重合体の濃度が低すぎると、ドープの粘度が低すぎて、
均一な液体分離膜を得ることが困難となる。他方、ドー
プ中の重合体の濃度が高すぎても、ドープ中の粘度が高
くなって、均一な分離膜を得ることが困難となる。The concentration of the polymer in the dope is usually 10 to 10.
It is preferably in the range of 40% by weight. If the concentration of the polymer in the dope is too low, the viscosity of the dope is too low,
It becomes difficult to obtain a uniform liquid separation membrane. On the other hand, if the concentration of the polymer in the dope is too high, the viscosity in the dope becomes high and it becomes difficult to obtain a uniform separation membrane.
【００２３】ドープには、得られる液体分離膜の微孔の
孔径を調整するために、添加剤が配合されてもよい。添
加剤としては、塩化リチウム、硝酸リチウム等の無機
塩、ホルムアミド、エチレングリコール、ポリエチレン
グリコール等のような親水性有機化合物を用いることが
好ましい。Additives may be added to the dope in order to adjust the pore size of the fine pores of the resulting liquid separation membrane. As the additive, it is preferable to use an inorganic salt such as lithium chloride or lithium nitrate, or a hydrophilic organic compound such as formamide, ethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
【００２４】本実施の形態における液体分離膜によれ
ば、濾過運転時に色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難
な溶解成分が液体分離膜の膜素材中の吸着剤により吸着
され、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤に吸着された溶解成分を
除去することができる。したがって、色度成分、ＣＯＤ
成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分を特別な処理システムを
設置することなく、容易に除去することができ、省スペ
ース化および低コスト化が図られる。According to the liquid separation membrane of the present embodiment, dissolved components, which are difficult to remove such as chromaticity components and COD components during the filtration operation, are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane, and the washing recovery operation is performed. Sometimes the dissolved components adsorbed on the adsorbent can be removed. Therefore, chromaticity component, COD
It is possible to easily remove dissolved components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, thereby saving space and reducing costs.
【００２５】（２）第２の実施の形態
第２の実施の形態における液体分離膜は、膜素材が支持
体上に形成され、支持体中に吸着剤が分散されたもので
ある。(2) Second Embodiment The liquid separation membrane in the second embodiment is one in which a membrane material is formed on a support and an adsorbent is dispersed in the support.
【００２６】本実施の形態において、液体分離膜は、精
密濾過膜および限外濾過膜のいずれでもよい。また、液
体分離膜は、膜素材（膜層）の裏面に支持体（補強層）
が固着された構成を有する。液体分離膜の形態は、平膜
である。In the present embodiment, the liquid separation membrane may be either a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. Further, the liquid separation membrane has a support (reinforcing layer) on the back surface of the membrane material (membrane layer).
Has a fixed structure. The form of the liquid separation membrane is a flat membrane.
【００２７】液体分離膜の膜素材を構成する重合体とし
ては、酢酸セルロース、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルス
ルホン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリフッ化ビニリデ
ン、ポリアクリロニトリル共重合体、エチレン−ビニル
アルコール共重合体等を用いることができるが、これら
に限定されるものではない。As the polymer constituting the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyimide, polyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the like are used. However, the present invention is not limited to these.
【００２８】吸着剤は、粒状、繊維状、粉末状等のいず
れの形状を有してもよい。また、吸着剤としては、ヤシ
殻、石炭、木質等の活性炭の他、ポリマー系樹脂等の各
種吸着剤を用いることができる。The adsorbent may have any shape such as a granular shape, a fibrous shape and a powdery shape. Further, as the adsorbent, various adsorbents such as polymer resins can be used in addition to activated carbon such as coconut shell, coal and wood.
【００２９】本実施の形態の液体分離膜は、次のように
して製造することができる。支持体（補強層）として活
性炭等の吸着剤を含有する吸着剤含有不織布を用いる。
吸着剤含有不織布は、吸着剤と合成繊維または天然繊維
との混紡または混抄によって得られる。この吸着剤含有
不織布上に膜素材を構成する重合体を塗布し、液体分離
膜を得る。The liquid separation membrane of this embodiment can be manufactured as follows. An adsorbent-containing nonwoven fabric containing an adsorbent such as activated carbon is used as the support (reinforcing layer).
The adsorbent-containing nonwoven fabric is obtained by blending or blending the adsorbent with synthetic fibers or natural fibers. The polymer constituting the membrane material is applied onto this adsorbent-containing nonwoven fabric to obtain a liquid separation membrane.
【００３０】本実施の形態における液体分離膜によれ
ば、濾過運転時に色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難
な溶解成分が液体分離膜の支持体中の吸着剤により吸着
され、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤に吸着された溶解成分を
除去することができる。したがって、色度成分、ＣＯＤ
成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分を特別な処理システムを
設置することなく、容易に除去することができ、省スペ
ース化および低コスト化が図られる。According to the liquid separation membrane of the present embodiment, the dissolved component, which is difficult to remove the chromaticity component, the COD component and the like during the filtration operation, is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the support of the liquid separation membrane, and the washing recovery operation is carried out. Sometimes the dissolved components adsorbed on the adsorbent can be removed. Therefore, chromaticity component, COD
It is possible to easily remove dissolved components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, thereby saving space and reducing costs.
【００３１】（３）第３の実施の形態
第３の実施の形態における液体分離膜は、膜素材が支持
体上に形成され、膜素材中および支持体中に吸着剤が分
散されたものである。(3) Third Embodiment The liquid separation membrane in the third embodiment is one in which a membrane material is formed on a support and an adsorbent is dispersed in the membrane material and the support. is there.
【００３２】本実施の形態において、液体分離膜は、精
密濾過膜および限外濾過膜のいずれでもよい。また、液
体分離膜は、膜素材（膜層）の裏面に支持体（補強層）
が固着された構成を有する。液体分離膜の形態は、平膜
である。In the present embodiment, the liquid separation membrane may be either a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. Further, the liquid separation membrane has a support (reinforcing layer) on the back surface of the membrane material (membrane layer).
Has a fixed structure. The form of the liquid separation membrane is a flat membrane.
【００３３】液体分離膜の膜素材を構成する重合体とし
ては、酢酸セルロース、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルス
ルホン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリフッ化ビニリデ
ン、ポリアクリロニトリル共重合体、エチレン−ビニル
アルコール共重合体等を用いることができるが、これら
に限定されるものではない。As the polymer constituting the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane, cellulose acetate, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyimide, polyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and the like are used. However, the present invention is not limited to these.
【００３４】吸着剤は、粒状、繊維状、粉末状等のいず
れの形状を有してもよい。また、吸着剤としては、ヤシ
殻、石炭、木質等の活性炭の他、ポリマー系樹脂等の各
種吸着剤を用いることができる。The adsorbent may have any shape such as a granular shape, a fibrous shape and a powdery shape. Further, as the adsorbent, various adsorbents such as polymer resins can be used in addition to activated carbon such as coconut shell, coal and wood.
【００３５】本実施の形態の液体分離膜は、第１の実施
の形態における吸着剤を含有する膜素材および第２の実
施の形態における吸着剤を含有する支持体を用いて製造
する。The liquid separation membrane of the present embodiment is manufactured by using the adsorbent-containing membrane material of the first embodiment and the adsorbent-containing support of the second embodiment.
【００３６】本実施の形態における液体分離膜によれ
ば、濾過運転時に色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難
な溶解成分が液体分離膜の膜素材中および支持体中の吸
着剤により吸着され、洗浄回復運転時に吸着剤に吸着さ
れた溶解成分を除去することができる。したがって、色
度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の除去が困難な溶解成分を特別な
処理システムを設置することなく、容易に除去すること
ができ、省スペース化および低コスト化が図られる。According to the liquid separation membrane of the present embodiment, dissolved components which are difficult to remove such as chromaticity components and COD components during the filtration operation are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the membrane material of the liquid separation membrane and the support. The dissolved components adsorbed on the adsorbent during the cleaning recovery operation can be removed. Therefore, it is possible to easily remove dissolved components such as chromaticity components and COD components, which are difficult to remove, without installing a special treatment system, thereby saving space and reducing costs.
【００３７】（４）運転方法
第１〜第３の実施の形態における液体分離膜の運転方法
は、濾過運転と洗浄回復運転とを交互に行い、濾過運転
時に吸着剤に吸着された溶解成分を洗浄回復運転時に物
理的または化学的に脱着するものである。(4) Operating Method In the operating method of the liquid separation membrane in the first to third embodiments, the filtration operation and the washing recovery operation are alternately performed, and the dissolved components adsorbed by the adsorbent during the filtration operation are removed. It is physically or chemically desorbed during the cleaning recovery operation.
【００３８】ここで、洗浄回復運転時における溶解成分
の物理的な脱着（洗浄）としては、例えば、超音波洗
浄、水流による洗浄等がある。Here, as the physical desorption (cleaning) of the dissolved components during the cleaning recovery operation, there are, for example, ultrasonic cleaning and cleaning with a water stream.
【００３９】また、洗浄回復運転時における溶解成分の
化学的な脱着（洗浄）としては、例えば、有機溶剤（膜
を破壊しない程度のエタノール、イソプロピルアルコー
ル等のアルコール）塩酸溶液、硫酸溶液等の酸性溶液、
ＮａＯＨ溶液等のアルカリ性溶液、次亜鉛素酸ナトリウ
ム溶液、過マンガン酸カリウム溶液、過酸化水素等によ
る洗浄がある。The chemical desorption (cleaning) of the dissolved components during the cleaning recovery operation is, for example, an organic solvent (alcohol such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol to the extent that does not destroy the membrane) hydrochloric acid solution, acidic solution such as sulfuric acid solution, or the like. solution,
Cleaning with an alkaline solution such as a NaOH solution, a sodium hypozincate solution, a potassium permanganate solution, or hydrogen peroxide is available.
【００４０】この運転方法によれば、濾過運転時に吸着
剤に吸着された溶解成分を洗浄回復運転時に除去し、吸
着剤を再生することができる。According to this operating method, it is possible to regenerate the adsorbent by removing the dissolved components adsorbed on the adsorbent during the filtration operation during the washing recovery operation.
【００４１】[0041]
【実施例】以下、濾過試験および連続濾過試験を行っ
た。EXAMPLES A filtration test and a continuous filtration test were conducted below.
【００４２】１．濾過試験
実施例１、実施例２および比較例１のポリスルホン分離
膜を用いて原水を濾過し、透過水の水質を測定した。1. Filtration Test Raw water was filtered using the polysulfone separation membranes of Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1 to measure the quality of permeate.
【００４３】［実施例１］ガラス製フラスコにＮ，Ｎ−
ジメチルアセトアミド７００ｇの溶液を入れ、攪拌しな
がら、活性炭１８ｇを加え、分散させた。その後、その
溶液を８０℃に加熱し、塩化リチウム１００ｇを加え、
溶解させた。さらに、その溶液にポリスルホンＰ１７０
０（アムコ社製）１８０ｇを加え、約８時間攪拌して溶
解させ、ドープを調整した。ポリエステル製不織布の片
面にドープを塗布し、次いでそのドープを水浴に浸漬し
てポリスルホン分離膜を作製した。[Example 1] N, N- was added to a glass flask.
A solution of 700 g of dimethylacetamide was added, and while stirring, 18 g of activated carbon was added and dispersed. Then, the solution is heated to 80 ° C., 100 g of lithium chloride is added,
Dissolved. Furthermore, polysulfone P170 is added to the solution.
0 g (manufactured by Amco) was added, and the mixture was stirred for about 8 hours to be dissolved to adjust the dope. A dope was applied to one side of a polyester nonwoven fabric, and then the dope was immersed in a water bath to prepare a polysulfone separation membrane.
【００４４】［実施例２］ポリエステル繊維７５重量部
と活性炭成分２５重量部とからなる不織布に活性炭を含
まないドープを塗布してポリスルホン分離膜を作製し
た。その他の点は実施例１と同じである。Example 2 A dope containing no activated carbon was applied to a nonwoven fabric composed of 75 parts by weight of polyester fiber and 25 parts by weight of activated carbon component to prepare a polysulfone separation membrane. The other points are the same as in the first embodiment.
【００４５】［比較例１］活性炭を含まないドープを用
いてポリスルホン分離膜を作製した。その他の点は、実
施例１と同じである。Comparative Example 1 A polysulfone separation membrane was prepared using a dope containing no activated carbon. The other points are the same as those in the first embodiment.
【００４６】下記の表１の水質の原水を、実施例１、実
施例２および比較例１のポリスルホン分離膜で濾過し、
透過水の水質を測定した。結果を表１に示す。Raw water of the water quality shown in Table 1 below was filtered through the polysulfone separation membranes of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1,
The quality of the permeate was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
【００４７】[0047]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４８】表１の結果から、活性炭を含有する実施例
１および実施例２のポリスルホン分離膜では、活性炭を
含まない比較例１のポリスルホン分離膜と比較して、透
過水中のＣＯＤ成分および色度成分が十分に除去されて
いることがわかる。From the results of Table 1, the polysulfone separation membranes of Examples 1 and 2 containing activated carbon were compared with the polysulfone separation membrane of Comparative Example 1 containing no activated carbon, and the COD component and chromaticity in the permeated water. It can be seen that the components are sufficiently removed.
【００４９】２．連続濾過試験
上記濾過試験において使用した原水の連続濾過試験を行
い、透過水のＣＯＤ濃度を測定した。2. Continuous filtration test A continuous filtration test of the raw water used in the above filtration test was performed to measure the COD concentration of permeate.
【００５０】運転条件は、以下のとおりである。
（１）１ｍ3 ／ｍ2 ．ｄａｙの定量濾過
（２）２０分濾過と１分間逆洗とのサイクル運転
［実施例３］実施例２において作製したポリスルホン分
離膜を使用して連続濾過試験を行った。逆洗時には、逆
洗水中の遊離塩素濃度が１００ｐｐｍになるように次亜
塩素酸ナトリウムを添加した。すなわち、この実施例３
では、ポリスルホン分離膜を塩素で洗浄することによ
り、吸着剤である活性炭の再生を行った。The operating conditions are as follows. (1) 1 m 3 / m 2 . Quantitative filtration of day (2) Cycle operation of 20-minute filtration and 1-minute backwash [Example 3] A continuous filtration test was performed using the polysulfone separation membrane prepared in Example 2. During the backwash, sodium hypochlorite was added so that the free chlorine concentration in the backwash water was 100 ppm. That is, this Example 3
Then, the activated carbon as the adsorbent was regenerated by washing the polysulfone separation membrane with chlorine.
【００５１】［比較例２］比較例１において作製したポ
リスルホン分離膜を使用して連続濾過試験を行った。逆
洗時には、逆洗水中の遊離塩素濃度が１００ｐｐｍにな
るように次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを添加した。[Comparative Example 2] A continuous filtration test was conducted using the polysulfone separation membrane prepared in Comparative Example 1. During the backwash, sodium hypochlorite was added so that the free chlorine concentration in the backwash water was 100 ppm.
【００５２】［比較例３］実施例２において作製したポ
リスルホン分離膜を使用して、逆洗水に次亜塩素酸ナト
リウムの添加を行わなかった以外は実施例３と同様の方
法により連続濾過試験を行った。Comparative Example 3 A continuous filtration test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the polysulfone separation membrane prepared in Example 2 was used and sodium hypochlorite was not added to the backwash water. I went.
【００５３】連続濾過試験の結果を図１に示す。図１に
示すように、吸着剤を含有しないポリスルホン分離膜を
使用した比較例２の場合には、透過水のＣＯＤは高い値
のままであった。また、吸着剤を含有するポリスルホン
分離膜を使用した比較例３の場合でも、逆洗水に次亜塩
素酸ナトリウムの添加を行わなかったために、連続通水
によって吸着効果が少しずつ低下し、透過水中のＣＯＤ
が上昇していった。The results of the continuous filtration test are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, in the case of Comparative Example 2 in which the polysulfone separation membrane containing no adsorbent was used, the COD of the permeate remained at a high value. Further, even in the case of Comparative Example 3 using the polysulfone separation membrane containing the adsorbent, since the sodium hypochlorite was not added to the backwash water, the adsorption effect was gradually decreased due to the continuous water passage, and COD in water
Was rising.
【００５４】これに対して、吸着剤を含有するポリスル
ホン分離膜を使用し、逆洗水に次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを
添加した実施例３では、吸着剤の再生により安定した吸
着効果が持続した。On the other hand, in Example 3 in which the polysulfone separation membrane containing the adsorbent was used and sodium hypochlorite was added to the backwash water, the stable adsorption effect was maintained by the regeneration of the adsorbent.
【００５５】以上のように、本発明に係る液体分離膜に
よれば、従来の限外濾過膜または精密濾過膜では容易に
除去することができなかった色度成分、ＣＯＤ成分等の
溶解成分を容易に除去することができる。As described above, according to the liquid separation membrane of the present invention, dissolved components such as chromaticity components and COD components which cannot be easily removed by the conventional ultrafiltration membrane or microfiltration membrane are used. It can be easily removed.
【図１】実施例３、比較例２および比較例３の連続濾過
試験の結果を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of continuous filtration tests of Example 3, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 4D006 GA06 GA07 KA31 KB12 KC01 KC16 KC19 KD01 KD11 KD12 KD17 KD22 KD24 KD28 MA01 MA03 MA09 MC18 MC22 MC29 MC33 MC39 MC48 MC54 MC58 MC62X MC63 MC90 NA12 NA50 PA01 PB02 PB34 4G066 AA05B AC11B BA03 BA16 CA10 CA14 DA08 FA11 GA11 GA18 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page F-term (reference) 4D006 GA06 GA07 KA31 KB12 KC01 KC16 KC19 KD01 KD11 KD12 KD17 KD22 KD24 KD28 MA01 MA03 MA09 MC18 MC22 MC29 MC33 MC39 MC48 MC54 MC58 MC62X MC63 MC90 NA12 NA50 PA01 PB02 PB34 4G066 AA05B AC11B BA03 BA16 CA10 CA14 DA08 FA11 GA11 GA18
Claims (6)
徴とする液体分離膜。1. A liquid separation membrane in which an adsorbent is dispersed in a membrane material.
体中に吸着剤が分散されたことを特徴とする液体分離
膜。2. A liquid separation membrane, wherein a membrane material is formed on a support, and an adsorbent is dispersed in the support.
材中および前記支持体中に吸着剤が分散されたことを特
徴とする液体分離膜。3. A liquid separation membrane, wherein a membrane material is formed on a support, and an adsorbent is dispersed in the membrane material and the support.
状であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記
載の液体分離膜。4. The liquid separation membrane according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is granular, fibrous or powdery.
樹脂を含むことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに
記載の液体分離膜。5. The liquid separation membrane according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent contains activated carbon or a polymer resin.
過運転と洗浄回復運転とを交互に行い、濾過運転時に吸
着剤に吸着された吸着物質を洗浄回復運転時に物理的ま
たは化学的に脱着することを特徴とする液体分離膜の運
転方法。6. A liquid separation membrane containing an adsorbent is used to alternately perform a filtration operation and a washing recovery operation, and the adsorbent adsorbed on the adsorbent during the filtration operation is physically or chemically removed during the washing recovery operation. A method for operating a liquid separation membrane, characterized by desorption.
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