JP2002351724A - Recording method and recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recording method and a recorder capable of restoring management information when a fault occurs in the management information for managing the hierarchical structure of a file system. SOLUTION: The recording method for recording data in a recording medium based on a hierarchical file system records the management information for managing the hierarchical structure of the file system in the specific area of the recording medium, handles an unused area in a specific area as a special file, copies the whole specific area as it is in another area and handles the copied whole specific area as a single backup file. When a part of the management information becomes unreadable, the size of a special file is reduced by using data corresponding to a part of the backup file, thereby restoring a part of the unreadable management information in an unoccupied part in a specific area.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a recording method for recording data on a rewritable recording medium, and more particularly to recovering management information for managing a hierarchical structure of a file system when a failure occurs. Recording methods that can be used. Further, the present invention relates to a recording apparatus using the recording method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
And the development of high-density optical disks, and the standardization of standards has been promoted. With this, the UDF is designed to absorb as much as possible the differences in various physical storage modes depending on the media type and to construct a logical structure that provides a highly common information storage unit to applications.
(Universal Disk Format) was formulated. A rewritable DVD-RAM (DVD-Random Access Memory)
A logical format according to the UDF is used. And a writable CD-R or a rewritable CD
-RW can also apply this UDF.

[0003] The UDF is constituted by a hierarchical file system, and subdirectories and substantive files are referred to from information stored in a root directory. Then, the UDF uses the information stored in the sub directory to refer to another sub directory,
Substantial file references are made. Hereinafter, the directory is abbreviated as "Dir."

[0004] A recording area on a disk is accessed with a sector as a minimum unit. For example, in a DVD-RAM,
Access is made from the inside to the outside of the disc. From the innermost side, a system area in which volume information is written is arranged following the lead-in area.
ume Recognition Sequence), MVDS (Main VolumeDes
criptor Sequence), LVIS (Logical Volume Integri
ty Sequence) and AVDP (Anchor Volume Descript)
or Pointer) is written.

[0005] Root Dir. File entry (F
ile Entry, hereinafter abbreviated as “FE”. ) Is written from AVDP to MVDS and FS
It is recognized by referring to D in order. The FE includes attribute information of a file or a directory and an allocation descriptor (hereinafter, abbreviated as “AD”). AD is information on logical addresses and sizes of files and directories.

[0006] The root Dir. In the FE of AD, the root Dir. The logical address and the size are shown. Root Dir. Is one or more File Identifier Descriptor
r, hereinafter abbreviated as “FID”. ), And by FID, root Dir. The sub-Dir. FE
And the FE of the file. By these FEs, the corresponding sub-Dir. And the entity of the file is referred to by each AD. Sub D
ir. May further include one or more FIDs. That is, in UDF, the root / Di
r. Except for the sub-Dir. Recorded on the disc.
And files, using FID and FE as pointers, F
Access is made in the order of ID, FE, and entity and recognized. In UDF, the FID, FE, and entity may be written anywhere in the recordable area.

[0007]

However, FID and F
There is a case where some trouble occurs in the management information for managing the hierarchical structure of the file system, which is configured by pointer information such as E, when the disk is being used, and the drive device cannot read data. In such a case, even if actual data such as moving image data and audio data does not have a failure, the management information cannot be read out, so that the actual data cannot be accessed.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to store management information in a file and record it separately on a recording medium, so that if a failure occurs in the management information, the management information is restored by referring to the file. It is an object of the present invention to provide a recording method and apparatus capable of performing the recording and a recording medium.

[0009]

According to the present invention, in a recording method for recording data on a recording medium based on a hierarchical file system, management information for managing a hierarchical structure of the file system is recorded in a specific area of the recording medium. So that
The unused area in the specific area is handled as a special file, the entire specific area is copied to another area as it is, and the entire copied specific area is handled as one backup file. When a part cannot be read, by using data corresponding to the part in the backup file, by reducing the size of the special file, the management that the part cannot be read in the part vacant in the specific area is performed. Configure to recover part of the information.

According to the present invention, in a recording apparatus for recording data on a recording medium based on a hierarchical file system, means for recording management information for managing a hierarchical structure of the file system in a specific area of the recording medium, Means for treating an unused area in a specific area as a special file, and copying the entire specific area as it is to another area and treating the entire copied specific area as one backup file Means, when a part of the management information cannot be read, using the data corresponding to the part in the backup file, reducing the size of the special file to vacant the specific area. Means for restoring a part of the management information which has become unreadable in the part.

In such a recording method and a recording apparatus,
Since the original management information can be restored using the backup file, the actual data recorded on the recording medium can be reliably reproduced even when a part of the management information fails. Then, since the data to be restored is placed in the specific area where the original management information is placed, the management information can be put together in the specific area even after restoration. Therefore, even after recovery, the hierarchical structure of the file system can be read at a high speed, and the reproduction start time can be shortened as compared with the related art.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a logical format of a disk-shaped recording medium in association with a disk shape.

FIG. 2 shows SM after format processing.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of A-2. 2A shows an SMA-2 region, and FIG. 2B shows an SMA-3 region.
The area, in particular, the substance of the BOS is shown.

In FIG. 1, the logical format of the disk-shaped recording medium 10 is UDF (Universal Disk Format).
According to. In the disk-shaped recording medium 10, a lead-in area 11 is arranged at the innermost circumference. A logical sector number (hereinafter, abbreviated as “LSN”) is allocated from the outside of the lead-in area 11, and the volume information area 12 and the SMA (Space management are) are sequentially assigned.
a) The -1 area 15, the SMA-2 area 16, the SMA-3 area 17, and the volume information area 13 are arranged, and the lead-out area 14 is arranged at the outermost periphery. The logical sector number is
The first sector of the volume area 12 is the reference “0”.
On the other hand, in the SMA-1 region 15 to the SMA-3 region 17,
A logical block number (Logical Broke Number, hereinafter abbreviated as “LBN”) is assigned with the first sector of the SMA-1 area as a reference “0”.

In the volume information area 12, VRS, MVDS and LVIS are written based on the UDF regulations. AVDP is placed in LSN 256 in volume information area 12. Further, the AVDP uses the sector of the last logical sector number and (the last logical sector number-2).
The data is also written to the sector 56). The contents of the MVDS are stored in the volume information area 13 inside the lead-out area 14 in the RVDS (Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequence).
uence) twice.

A partition area is provided between the logical sector number 272 and the last logical sector number -272. SMA-1 area 15 to SMA-3 area 17
Are arranged in this partition area. The SMA-1 area 15 provided on the innermost side of the partition area
Based on UDF regulations, FSDS (File Set Descriptor
Sequence) and SBD (Space Bitmap Descriptor). FSDS is FSDS (File Set Descriptor) and TD
(Terminating Descriptor). The SBD stores information indicating the entire free area of the disk-shaped recording medium 10 and expresses this by setting a flag for each sector. The FSD is the root Dir. In the hierarchical structure of the file system. The logical address and the size of the FE (File Entry) with respect to are shown.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the SMA-2 area 16 includes the root Dir. FE, Root Dir. Entity, FE of BOS (Back-up Of Space management file), FE and S of SMF (Space Management File)
This is the area where the entity of the MF is placed. SMA-2 area 1
6, the necessary amount of the SMF entity is reduced as needed, as will be described later, so that the sub-Dir. Of the sub-Dir. Containing the FID pointing to the file. Entity is placed. That is, the FID and the FE of the directory are SM
The information is collectively recorded in the A-2 area 16.

The SMF is composed of two entities,
Indicated by AD-0 and AD-1 in F FE, respectively. The first entity of the SMF is an area secured for describing information on the location (logical address) and size of the area initially secured as the second entity of the SMF. In FIG. 2, the area is indicated by AD-0. As will be described later, the second entity of the SMF is an area secured for use in FID created during recording of data on the disk-shaped recording medium 10 after format processing and FE in a directory. In FIG. 2, the area is indicated by AD-1.

As described above, the SMF is divided into two entities, and information on the initial location and size of the second entity is described in the first entity. Dir. SMA-2 area 16 can be defined regardless of where the FE is recorded. Further, the sub Dir. Deletion and root / Dir. It can respond flexibly to the deletion of the files below.

In such an SMF, an unused area of the SMA-2 area 16 is secured with a predetermined capacity at the time of formatting as a file with a specific attribute. By handling the unused area as a file as an SMF, it is possible to prevent the unused area from being recognized as a free area in the above-described SBD.

Here, the route Dir. FE, Root Dir. The sector storing the FE of the SMF and the sector storing the FE of the SMF may be located at any place in the SMA-2 area 16. However, from the viewpoint of accessing these at high speed, they are continuously recorded as shown in FIG. It is desirable.

As already described in the conventional example, FE indicates the location and size of the entity of a file or directory. FE
This information is described by the AD in FIG. Also, F
The ID indicates the location and size of the FE by the name of the file or directory and the ICB (Information Control Block) in the FID.

The SMA-3 area 17 contains the FE of the file.
And the data of the file, and the BOS entity (BOS data) is also stored here. The BOS entity is a file for backing up the management information recorded collectively in the SMA-2 area 16, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the SMA-A is obtained by referring to the SMF AD-0 entity. A complete copy of two areas.
BOS FE indicating the location and size of the BOS entity
Is recorded in the SMA-2 area 16 as shown in FIG. 2A, and is backed up in the BOS entity as shown in FIG. 2B.

In the SMA-3 area 17, the FE of the file and the data of the file corresponding to the FE are preferably arranged consecutively in address. When adding a file, it is preferable that the FE of the file to be added be arranged continuously in address with respect to the existing file, and the data of the file be arranged continuously in address. In this way, by arranging the FE of the file and the data of the file consecutively in address, the file can be accessed at high speed.

Next, an example of a method of formatting the disk-shaped recording medium 10 will be described. Note that the lead-in area 11 and the lead-out area 14 are, for example,
It is assumed that the disk-shaped recording medium 10 already exists before the format process, for example, by being created in advance during the press process in the manufacturing process of the disk-shaped recording medium 10. The formatting process proceeds from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side of the disk-shaped recording medium 10.

When the format processing is started, first, the AVDP is written to a plurality of predetermined addresses, respectively.
The above-mentioned VRS, MVDS and LVIS are written from outside the lead-in area 11.

Next, a partition is created. In the partition, first, the SMA-1 area 15 is created, the FSD is written, and the root Dir. Is determined. Then, an SBD is created. At this time, the SMF area is secured by setting the above-described SMF area as a used area in the SBD.

When the SBD is created and the SMA-1 area 15 is created, next, the SM from outside the SMA-1 area 15 is created.
An A-2 area 16 is created.

In the creation of the SMA-2 area 16, first, based on the FSD written in the SMA-1 area 15, the root / Dir. Sector and root that describe the FE of the Dir. Are continuously secured, and each of the sectors describes the root / Dir. Is written.

Root Dir. The entity of the parent Dir. FID, SMF FID, and BOS FID. SMF FID
Specifies the location of the FE of the SMF, and the FID of the BOS is
Specify the location of the FE of the BOS.

At this time, the attributes of SMF and BOS are specified in each FID. SMF and BOS specified
The attribute of SMF and BOS is that other devices and OS (Opera
tingSystem) to prevent erasing, rewriting, moving, and the like. For example, “hidden file attribute” is specified as an attribute of SMF and BOS, respectively. The “hidden file attribute” is an attribute that makes it impossible to view a file for which this attribute is set by a normal method.

Next, the FE of the BOS is created, and the AD specifying the location and size of the BOS entity is placed here. Here, the size of the BOS entity is such that the BOS entity can completely copy the information in the SMA-2 area 16.

Next, the FE of the SMF is created. SMF
In the format processing, the FE includes AD-0 that specifies the location and size of the first entity in the file and AD-1 that specifies the location and size of the second entity in the file. Be composed.

Since the file exists only by specifying the FE, the FE of the BOS and the FE of the SMF
Is created, an area where the entity of the SMF is located and an area where the entity of the BOS is located are secured.

In addition, each FE of BOS and SMF has:
“Read-only file attribute” and “system file attribute” are specified. The “read-only file attribute” is an attribute indicating that the file to which this attribute is set is read-only, and that alteration or deletion is prohibited by the system. "System File Attributes"
Is an attribute indicating that the file in which this attribute is set is a file necessary for the system. These three
By designating both attributes to the BOS and the SMF, it is possible to prevent the BOS and the SMF from being erased, rewritten, moved, etc., except for intentional operations. Note that these attributes can be canceled by a known method.

Next, the root Dir. A first entity of the SMF is created to be continuous to the sector describing the entity of the SMF, and the initial location and size of the second entity of the SMF are described in this. That is, the location and size of the SMF in the second entity secured during the format processing are described in the first entity of the SMF. This description format is described in the form of an AD following the UDF, and in this specification, this pseudo AD is represented by [AD]. In FIG. 2, it is [AD-SMA2]. And the second of SMF
Since there is a possibility that the entity of [AD] may be extended and a plurality of [AD] may exist, the AE is used to indicate the number according to the UDF.
It is described in the format of D (Allocation Extent Descriptor). This pseudo AED is expressed as [AED] in this specification.

Thus, the SM in the SMA-2 area 16
By making F exist, an empty area of the SMA-2 area 16 can be secured by SMF. After the format processing, the sub Dir. If the FE and the entity of the sub-Dir. Are written, the area in the second entity of the SMF is deleted. FE and entity are SMA
-2 created in the area 16.

Thus, the SMA-2 area 16 is created. Outside the SMA-2 area 16 is the SMA-3 area 17. In the SMA-3 area 17, a BOS entity is created using a part thereof. The substance of BOS is SM
Management information for managing the hierarchical structure of the file system recorded in the A-2 area 16 is filed data. That is, during the format process, the BOS
Entity is root Dir. FE, Root Dir.
Entity of BOS, FE of SMF, and Entity of SMF. Entity is the parent Di
r. FID, SMF FID, and BOS FID.

The SMA excluding the BOS entity area
The −3 area 17 is an unused area in which file data and the like are recorded after the format processing. And S
Jumping over the area designated as MA-3 area 17,
An RVDS is created. The RVDS is created, and the format processing of the disc-shaped recording medium 10 is completed.

Next, after the format processing, the sub-Di
r. And how to add files.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of adding a subdirectory or a file after the format processing. FIG. 3A shows the SMA-2 region, and FIG. 3B shows the SMA-3 region, particularly, the substance of BOS.
With respect to the state of FIG. 1, ..., sub-D
ir. A case where X,... Are added will be described.

First, the root Dir. For the entity of
Sub Dir. An FID indicating “1” is added. At this time, the route Dir. If there is a vacancy in the sector in which the entity of is stored, as shown in FIG. 3A, an addition is made to the sector. On the other hand, although not shown in the figure, if there is no free space in the sector, after reducing the size (size) of the area in the second entity of the SMF, the sub-Dir. 1 F
An ID is added.

Next, the sub Dir. In order to add one FE, the size of the area in the second entity of the SMF is reduced.

Next, the sub Dir. 3, the size of the second entity of the SMF is further reduced in order to add the entity (the FID of the parent Dir. And the FID of the child file in FIG. 3).

Next, the information of AD-1 in the SMF FE is updated to reflect the change in the size of the second SMF in the second entity.

Next, the BOS is rewritten to reflect the change in the SMA-2 area 16. That is, SM
A-2 The contents of the area 16 are read and written as is to the area assigned to the BOS entity. The substance of BOS is root Dir. FE, Root Dir. Entity, the entity indicated by the FE of BOS, the FE of SMF, and the AD-0 of SMF, and the sub-Dir. 1 FE and sub-D
ir. 1 entity and the root Dir. Entity is the parent Dir. FID, SMF FID, BOS F
ID and sub-Dir. 1 and the sub-Dir. 1 is the parent Dir. And the FID of a child file.

Such an operation is called sub-Dir. 2, Sub Dir. 3. As a result of performing each time for
The MA-2 region 16 becomes as shown in FIG. 3A.

In the above-mentioned processing, the content of the BOS entity that backs up the content of the SMA-2 area is changed every time the content of the SMA-2 area is changed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. . The time (timing) for changing the content of the BOS entity is determined when the disk-shaped recording medium 10 is inserted into or removed from the drive device, every predetermined period elapses, or by counting the FID added to the root / Dir entity. A predetermined number, for example, three, or a user's instruction.

Although the case where a directory is added has been described above, when a file is added,
Then:

First, the root Dir. For the entity of
An FID indicating a new file is added. At this time,
Root Dir. If there is a vacancy in the sector where the entity is stored, an addition is made to the sector. on the other hand,
If there is no empty space in the sector, the size of the area in the second entity of the SMF is reduced, and then the FID of the new file is added to the empty area due to the reduction. In this case, since the size of the second entity of the SMF has been changed, the information of AD-1 in the FE of the SMF is updated. Next, FE of the new file
Is added to the area of the SMF-3 area 17. Next, the substance of the new file is added to the area of the SMF-3 area 17. Thus, the FE and entity of the file are SMA
-3 region 17.

As a result of such an operation, the new file is stored in the root Dir. The information about the new file that has been added and added below is collectively recorded in the SMA-2 area 16 together with the information about the already recorded directory.

By the way, for example, the root Dir. Below many sub-Dir. When a new file is added, the root, Dir. Of the entity of the sub Dir. FE, Sub-Di
r. Many FIDs of the new file in the entity of are added. As a result, the SMA-2 area 16 may be full due to the added FE or FID.

In such a case, the SMA-3 area 17
If there is free space in the SMA,
-3 area 17 is further divided into a plurality of SMA areas, so that the SMA-2 area 16 is expanded.
An MA-4 area and an SMA-5 area corresponding to an SMA-3 area for recording data are newly created outside the position of the file in the SMA-3 area 17.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the SMA-2 area and the SMA-4 area and the state of the backup file when the second entity of the SMF is extended. FIG. 4A
FIG. 4B shows a state of the SMA-2 area when the second entity of the SMF is used up, and FIG. 4B shows a state of the SMA-2 area and the SMA-4 area when the second entity of the SMF is extended; FIG. 4C shows the status of the backup file.

In FIG. 4B, by securing the SMA-4 area, the entity pointed to by AD-0 of SMF includes
Information on the initial location and size of the MA-4 area is added as [AD-SMA4] in AD format, and [AED] is updated with the addition of this table. SM
The location and size of the newly secured SMA-4 area are added to the FE of F as AD-2.

Further, if an area for backing up the contents of the SMA-4 area is not secured in the SMA-3 area, the BOS entity is extended to an SMA-5 area (not shown), and the expanded BOS AD that describes the location and size pointing to the entity of
Is added to the FE.

Then, the root Dir. Sub-Di below
r. 2 and 3 when files and files are added
Are performed on the second entity of the SMF pointed to by AD-2.

When creating a backup file, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, only the management information stored in the SMA-2 and SMA-4 areas is backed up. That is, the substance of BOS is the AD of SMF.
−0 with reference to [AD-SMA2]
It is created by copying the A-2 area as it is and copying the SMA-4 area as it is with reference to [AD-SMA4].

Next, in the management information placed in the SMA-2 area 16, the sub-Dir. In the case where the FE cannot be read, a method of recovering the FE will be described.

FIG. 5 shows a sub-Dir. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of restoring the FE.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a sub Dir. X shows a state in which a failure has occurred, and FIGS. 5B and 5C show sub-Dir. X placed in the BOS entity. Using FE of X, SMA
-2 in the sub-Dir. This shows a state in which the FE of X has been restored.

In FIG. 5A, the route Dir. The sub-Dir. For X, the FID is root D
ir. Of this sub-Dir. X FID
By sub-Dir. In LBN b. X is indicated, and this sub-Dir. Sub-D by FE of X
ir. The entity of X is indicated. Sub Dir. X is the parent Dir. FID, child file FID,...

In such a case, the failure of the sub-Di
r. When the FE of X cannot be read, the implementation (Implementation) restores the management information by using the BOS entity.

First, the implementation
Dir. The LBNb indicating the X FE, the LBN x indicating the BOS entity, and the SMF AD-0 entity are examined. LBN a indicating the head position of the SMA-2 area 16
Is recognized by reference to the SMF AD-0 entity.

Next, the implementation uses the sub Dir. That is placed in the BOS entity using these.
Find the location of X's FE.

Here, the entity of the AD-0 of the SMF is checked during the use of the sub-Dir. F
E, Sub Dir. This is because there is a possibility that the initial SMA-2 area 16 is extended by the entity of the file and the FID of the file.

Therefore, in the case shown in FIG. 4C, the sub-Dir. X to find the location of the FE, the sub-Dir. X
Assuming that the LBN of the FE is LBNb, it is first checked which LBNb is in the second entity of the SMF in the initial stage. That is, LBN b is changed from [AD-SMA2] to SM
In the A-2 region or from [AD-SMA4] to SMA-
It is checked whether it is in four areas. According to this result, LBN a
Find the offset value from. That is, if LBNb is SM
If it is in the A-2 area, the offset value is (LBN b
−LBN a), and when LBN b is in the SMA-4 area, the offset value is (the size of the SMA-2 area)
+ (LBN b− (head LBN of SMA-4 area)). This offset value is defined as f (LBN b, [SMF AD
−0 entity]). Note that y = f (x) means that y is x
Is a function of

For example, if there is no SMF extension, the sub-Dir. The FE location of X is LBN x + (LBN b
-LBN a). Thus, the offset value from LBN x = f (LBN b, [substance of SMF AD-0])
By calculating
Of the sub-Dir. The FE of X can be recognized.

Next, the implementation proceeds with the sub-Dir. Read the FE of X.

Next, the implementation proceeds with the read sub-Dir. In order to add the FE of X, the size of the area in the second entity of SMF is reduced, and the sub-Dir. The FE of X is added after a predetermined change is made to the descriptor tag (DescriptorTag).

Next, the implementation is SMF
To reflect the size change in the second entity of
The information of AD-1 in the SMF FE is updated.

Next, the implementation
Dir. X to reflect the change in position in the FE. Rewrite the FID of X.

Next, the implementation places the defective sector out of SMF management so as not to access the defective sector in which the failure has occurred. That is, the bad sector is excluded from the entity of the AD-0 of the SMF that defines the initial area of the SMF.

Next, the implementation is SMA
-2 The entity of the BOS is rewritten to reflect the change in the area 16.

In this way, the failed sub-Di
r. The FE of X is restored in the management information placed in the SMA-2 area 16 by referring to the entity of the BOD that is the backup and reducing the second entity of the SMF. Therefore, the sub-Dir. X's F
Even if E is restored, the management information is all SMA-2
They will be put together in the area 16.

Next, in the management information placed in the SMA-2 area 16, the sub-Dir. In the case where the entity cannot be read, the recovery method will be described.

FIG. 6 shows a sub-Dir. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of restoring the entity of FIG.

FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the sub Dir. FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C show a state where a failure has occurred in the entity of X.
Of the sub-Dir. Using the substance of X,
In the SMA-2 area 16, the sub-Dir. This shows a state where the entity of X has been restored.

In FIG. 6A, the route Dir. The sub-Dir. For X, the FID is root D
ir. Of this sub-Dir. X FID
By Sub Dir. X is indicated, and this sub-Dir. Sub-D in LBN c by FE of X
ir. The entity of X is indicated. Sub Dir. X is the parent Dir. FID, child file FID,... Parent Dir. FID is sub-Di
r. 1 and the FID of the child file is SM
A-3 indicates the FE of the child file placed in the area 17, and the FE indicates the actual data of the child file.

In such a case, a failure occurs due to a failure
r. When the entity of X cannot be read, the drive device
The management information is restored using the BOS entity.

First, the implementation
Dir. The LBNc indicating the entity of X, the LBNx indicating the entity of BOS, and the entity of AD-0 of SMF are examined.

Next, the implementation uses these data to place the sub Dir.
The location of the entity of X is determined by calculating an offset from LBN x.

Next, the implementation proceeds with the sub-Dir. Read the entity of X.

Next, the implementation proceeds with the read sub-Dir. In order to add the entity of X, the size of the area in the second entity of SMF is reduced, and the sub-Dir. Add the substance of X.

Next, the implementation is SMF
To reflect the size change in the second entity of
The information of AD-1 in the SMF FE is updated.

Next, the implementation
Dir. X to reflect the change in position in the entity. Rewrite X's FE.

Next, the implementation places the defective sector out of SMF management so as not to access the defective sector in which the failure has occurred. As a result, access to the bad sector is not performed, and backup can be performed safely and reliably.

Next, the BOS is rewritten to reflect the change in the SMA-2 area 16.

In this way, the failed sub-Di
r. The entity of X refers to the entity of BOD and SMF
Is reduced in the management information placed in the SMA-2 area 16 by reducing the second entity of Therefore,
The failed sub-Dir. Even when the entity of X is restored, all the management information is put together in the SMA-2 area 16.

Next, a drive device applicable to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an example of the drive device.

Here, the disk-shaped recording medium 1 described above is used.
0 is a recording medium using a phase change metal material for the recording layer,
The drive device 50 controls the temperature applied to the recording layer by adjusting the output of the laser to change the state of the disk-shaped recording medium 1 between crystalline and amorphous.
Data is recorded at 0.

In FIG. 7, a drive device 50 includes a spindle motor 51, an optical pickup 52, a laser driver 53, a recording equalizer 54, and a buffer memory 5.
5. Encoder / decoder circuit 56 (hereinafter referred to as “ENC /
DEC circuit ". ) 56, thread mechanism 57,
RF signal processing circuit 58, address extraction 59, drive control microcomputer 60, interface (hereinafter, "I / F")
Abbreviated. ) 61, servo circuit 62 and memory 63
It is comprised including.

The spindle motor 51 drives the chucked disk-shaped recording medium 10 to rotate, and the rotation speed is servo-controlled by a servo circuit 62.

Recording and reproduction of data on the disk-shaped recording medium 10 are performed by the optical pickup 52. The optical pickup 52 is thread-transferred in the radial direction of the disk-shaped recording medium 10 by a thread mechanism 57.

The data from the external digital device 71 is transmitted to the I / F 61, for example, SCSI (Small Computer System).
This is supplied to the drive device 50 via a stem interface). Here, the digital device 71 may be any digital device as long as the interface is suitable for inputting and outputting digital signals, such as a personal computer and a portable digital video recorder with a camera. It may be built into the device.

The I / F 61 includes an ENC / DEC circuit 56
And drive control microcomputer are connected, ENC / DE
To the C circuit 56, a buffer memory 55, a recording equalizer 54, an RF signal processing circuit 58, a servo circuit 62, and a drive control microcomputer 60 are connected.

The memory 55 is a buffer memory for holding write data or read data. The write data is transmitted from the digital device 71 via the I / F 61 to the E.
It is supplied to the NC / DEC circuit 56. The ENC / DEC circuit 56 generates data in the above-described format during recording, and then encodes the data according to the format. Then, the ENC / DEC circuit 56 performs a decoding process at the time of reproduction, and outputs digital data to the digital device 71 via the I / F 61.

The address is added as a subcode in the ENC / DEC circuit 56, for example, and is also added to a header in the data.

The data from the ENC / DEC 56 is supplied to the laser driver 53 via the recording equalizer 54. The laser driver 53 generates a drive waveform having a predetermined level required for recording data on the disk-shaped recording medium 10. An output of the laser driver 53 is supplied to a laser in the optical pickup 52, and a laser beam having an intensity corresponding to the output is applied to the disk-shaped recording medium 10 to record data. In addition, the laser driver 53 controls the APC (A
utomatic Power Control), as described above,
The intensity of the laser light is appropriately controlled.

On the other hand, the signal generated by the optical pickup 52 due to the return light from the disk-shaped recording medium 10 is RF
The signal is supplied to the signal processing circuit 58. Address extraction circuit 59
Extracts address information based on the signal supplied from the RF signal processing circuit 58. The extracted address information is supplied to the drive control microcomputer 60.

The RF signal processing circuit 58 generates a tracking error signal TE and a focus error signal FE by a matrix amplifier calculating a detection signal of a photodetector in the optical pickup 52.
Tracking error signal TE, focus error signal F
E is supplied to the servo circuit 62.

The drive control microcomputer 60 controls the seek operation using the address and controls the laser power using the control signal. Drive control microcomputer 6
0 is CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Rand
om Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory), etc., and include an I / F 61, an ENC / DEC circuit 56,
The entire drive such as the F signal processing circuit 58 and the servo circuit 62 is controlled. Therefore, the drive control microcomputer 60
Is the sub-Dir. The various processes described above are performed when adding / deleting a file and adding / deleting a file. Further, the memory 63 can be connected to the drive control microcomputer 60.

Further, an RF signal obtained by reproducing the disk-shaped recording medium 10 is supplied to an ENC / DEC circuit 56. The ENC / DEC circuit 56 demodulates a modulation process performed at the time of recording and outputs an error correction code. Decoding according to a predetermined format such as decoding (that is, error correction) is performed. The ENC / DEC circuit 56 stores the reproduction data in the buffer memory 55 and
When the read command is received, the read data is transferred to the digital device via the I / F 61.

The frame synchronization signal, the tracking error signal TE and the focus error signal FE from the RF signal processing circuit 58, and the address information from the address extraction circuit 59 are supplied to the servo circuit 62. The servo circuit 62 includes a tracking servo and a focus servo for the optical pickup 52 and the spindle motor 51.
And the thread servo for the thread mechanism 57 are performed.

In the above description, the disk-shaped recording medium 10
ENC / DEC circuit 56
However, this is not limited to this example. The format data is stored in the drive control microcomputer 6
0 can be generated. The format data may be supplied from the digital device 71.

In the above description, the case where the present invention is applied to a drive device for a replaceable rewritable disk-shaped recording medium, such as an optical disk drive device or a magneto-optical disk drive device, has been described. The present invention is not limited to this and can be applied. The present invention is a recording medium drive device in which data recorded on the recording medium is managed by predetermined management information present on the recording medium,
For example, the present invention can be applied to a fixed drive device such as a hard disk drive device.

[0109]

As described above, according to the present invention, management information for managing the hierarchical structure of a file system is collectively recorded in a specific area having a special file.
Since this management information is copied as a file and backed up, even if a part of this original management information fails, the part that failed by using the backup file is reduced to a special file. By doing so, it is possible to restore to an area within the vacant specific area. Therefore, the drive unit does not read the backup file after recovery from the failure,
By reading the original management information, the hierarchical structure of the file system can be recognized. Furthermore, even when the drive recovers from the failure, the management information is collectively recorded in the specific area, so that the management information can be read at high speed.

In the present invention, the information on the initial location and size in the special file and the information on the current location and size in the special file are recorded in the specific area. The location and size can be reliably recognized.

Further, according to the present invention, when the SMA-2 area secured at the time of the format processing becomes full, it is only necessary to rewrite information of a file managed as an empty area of the SMA-2 area. , SMA-2 region can be extended.

Further, according to the present invention, since a defective sector in which a failure has occurred is placed outside the management of a special file, access to the defective sector can be prevented.
For this reason, a backup file can be created safely and reliably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a logical format of a disk-shaped recording medium in association with a disk shape.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of SMA-2 after a format process.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of adding a subdirectory or a file after a format process.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an SMA-type when the second entity of the SMF is extended.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of an area 2 and an SMA-4 area and a state of a backup file.

FIG. 5 shows a sub-Dir. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of restoring the FE.

FIG. 6 shows a sub-Dir. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of restoring the entity of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an example of a drive device.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 10 disk-shaped recording medium 15 space management area-1 16 space management area-2 17 space management area-3 21 root directory file entry 22 root directory entity 23 space management file File·
entry

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き The continuation of the front page F term (reference) 5B018 GA04 HA03 MA12 MA16 5B082 DC02 DE06 EA01

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A recording method for recording data on a recording medium based on a hierarchical file system, wherein management information for managing a hierarchical structure of the file system is recorded in a specific area of the recording medium, Unused area is handled as a special file, the entire specified area is copied to another area as it is, and the entire copied specific area is handled as one backup file, and a part of the management information cannot be read. In this case, by using the data corresponding to the part in the backup file, by reducing the size of the special file, a part of the management information that is no longer readable in the part vacant in the specific area is used. A recording method characterized by being restored. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein information on an initial location and size in the special file and information on a current location and size in the special file are recorded in the specific area. 2. The recording method according to 1. 3. When the management information is added to the specific area, the size of the special file is reduced according to the management information to be added, and the size of the special file is reduced so that a portion vacated in the specific area is reduced. The recording method according to claim 1, wherein the added management information is recorded, and the backup file is updated according to the added management information. 4. When there is no more area in the specific area to which the management information is newly added, a new special file is set as an unused area of the recording medium, and an initial file in the new special file is initialized. The information on the location and size and the information on the current location and size in the new special file are recorded in the specific area, and the area of the special file is enlarged. The recording method according to claim 2. 5. A recording device for recording data on a recording medium based on a hierarchical file system, means for recording management information for managing a hierarchical structure of the file system in a specific area of the recording medium, Means for treating an unused area as a special file; means for copying the entire specified area as it is to another area as it is; and means for handling the entire copied specific area as one backup file; When a part of the management information cannot be read, the data corresponding to the part in the backup file is used to reduce the size of the special file to read the part vacated in the specific area. Means for restoring a part of the lost management information.