JP2002238853A - Pupillometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pupillometer of excellent portability capable of carrying out quantitative pupil examination. SOLUTION: A meter body 1 of this pupillometer is formed in a portable size, and a grip bar to be gripped with one hand is projected out from the lower face of the meter body 1. A CMOS image sensor 5 for picking up the image of a subject's eyeball, a visual light LED 6 for irradiating the subject's eyeball with visual light, and an infrared LED 7 for irradiating the subject's eyeball with infrared rays, are arranged on the subject side face of the meter body 1. An arithmetic part for computing at least the size of the pupil from the information of the eyeball obtained from the image of the eyeball picked up by the CMOS image sensor 5 is enclosed inside the meter body 1. A display LCD 12 for outputting the image of the eyeball picked up by the CMOS image sensor 5 and the computed result of the arithmetic part is arranged on the examiner side face of the meter body 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pupil meter for measuring the size of a subject's pupil and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been provided a pupil measuring apparatus for imaging a subject's eyeball and measuring, from the image of the eyeball, the size of the subject's pupil, an index relating to pupil-light reaction, and the like.

[0003]

However, since the conventional pupil measuring device is of a stationary type and cannot be carried and used by the examiner, the subject must be moved to the place where the pupil measuring device is installed. However, the measurement operation could not be easily performed.

[0004] By the way, "Medical medical fee chart (Heisei 1)
(April 2 edition) "(publisher: Social Insurance Institute)
Diseases targeted by the “D281 pupil function test (using an electronic pupillometer)” include “centrifugal diseases such as afferent diseases such as optic neuritis and optic neuropathy, oculomotor nerve palsy, Horner's syndrome, Addy's syndrome, and diabetes. Sexual diseases or degenerative diseases and diseases caused by poisoning ", and a medical fee is provided for the purpose of diagnosing these diseases. In addition to the above-mentioned diseases, a pupil test is often used to test for impaired consciousness. For example, "Primary care medicine"
266 (edited by Hinohara Shigeaki, publisher: Medical Shoin Co., Ltd.)
"Neurotic disease observation record table" described from page 267 to page 267
As shown in (1), examination items for patients with impaired consciousness include examination of pupil size and light reflex.

When performing a pupil test on a consciousness-impaired patient, since the consciousness-impaired patient cannot move on his / her own will, in the case of an inpatient, it is performed on the bed where the patient is sleeping. In the case of an emergency, it is performed outside the hospital. However, since the conventional pupil measurement device is of a stationary type, the pupil measurement device cannot be moved to a place where a patient with impaired consciousness exists, and a pupil test cannot be performed by the pupil measurement device. Therefore, when a doctor performs a pupil test on a patient with impaired consciousness, the presence or absence of a light reaction was confirmed by irradiating the light of a penlight to the eyeball of the subject and turning the penlight on / off. . Also,
Regarding the size of the pupil, the examiner visually estimated the diameter of the pupil, and filled in the above-mentioned “Neurotic disease observation record table”.

A pupil test performed on a person with impaired consciousness by such a method is qualitative, and the measurement results are different due to different methods of applying a penlight or the like depending on the examiner, and thus lacks objectivity. There was a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly portable pupillometer capable of quantitatively performing a pupil test.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an imaging unit for imaging a subject's eyeball, a light irradiation unit for irradiating light to the subject's eyeball, A computing unit that computes at least the size of the pupil from information on the eyeball obtained from the image, an output unit that outputs the computation result of the computing unit, and a small body that houses the above units. Because the imaging unit, light irradiation unit, calculation unit, and output unit are housed in a small body, it is highly portable and can be used for patients who cannot move on their own will, such as those with impaired consciousness. Also, the pupil tester can be carried to the subject side to perform a pupil test quantitatively, and the calculation unit calculates the size of the pupil from the information of the eyeball obtained from the image of the imaging unit. The test can be performed quantitatively.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the output unit displays an image of the eyeball captured by the imaging unit. Since the image taken by the unit is displayed on the output unit,
While viewing the image displayed on the output unit, the position of the body can be adjusted so that the eyeball falls within the imaging range of the imaging unit, and the workability of the inspection work is improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the light irradiating section irradiates the eyeball of the subject with visible light. In addition, the light irradiating section irradiates the eye with visible light, so that a light stimulus for inducing a pupil reaction is given to the eye, and the pupil-light reaction can be examined.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first to third aspects, a gaze image display unit for presenting an image for causing the subject to gaze in front of the subject is provided. In addition to the operation of the invention described in 3 above, by presenting an image in front of the subject's eyes on the gazing image display unit, the subject can be gazed at this image, and the gazing point of the subject can be prevented from fluctuating. It is possible to capture a stable pupil image.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the arithmetic unit has a programmable logic device, and the programmable logic device determines a size of a pupil based on information of an eyeball obtained from an image of the imaging unit. And an index relating to the pupil-light reaction is calculated, and the same effects as those of the inventions according to claims 1 to 4 are obtained.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the output unit is arranged on a surface opposite to the surface of the body where the imaging unit is arranged, and the body is gripped with one hand. And a control section for performing a measurement operation at a portion operable by a hand on the side holding the grip section, wherein an operation section is provided. The output unit is disposed on a surface opposite to the surface of the body on which the imaging unit is disposed, and when the examiner has a gripper and opposes the imaging unit to the subject's eyeball, the output unit performs an inspection. Face, so that the examiner can read the output of the output unit, and since the operation unit is provided in a range that can be operated by the hand holding the grip unit, the pupil test can be performed with one hand. It can be carried out.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, the upper pad whose tip contacts the upper skin of the subject's eye and the lower pad whose tip contacts the lower skin of the subject's eye. In a state in which the pads and the tips of the upper pad and the lower pad are in contact with the skin of the subject,
2. An opening / closing mechanism for increasing a distance between tips of the upper pad and the lower pad is provided on the body.
In addition to the effects of the inventions described in the above-described embodiments 6, after the upper pad and the lower pad are brought into contact with the upper and lower skin of the eye, respectively, the distance between the tip of the upper pad and the lower pad is changed using the opening / closing mechanism. By widening, the eyelid of the subject can be opened, and the imaging unit can reliably capture an image of the eyeball.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) show an external perspective view of the pupilometer of the present embodiment in use, FIG. 2 shows an external perspective view of the folded state, and FIG. 3 shows an external perspective view of the opened state from the folded state. Show.

The body 1 of the pupil meter has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is divided into two equal halves in the thickness direction.
A connecting portion 4 is provided at one end in the short width direction of the two halves 2 and 3, and the two halves 2 and 3 are openably and closably connected via the connecting portion 4.

A CMOS image sensor (MOS type image sensor) 5 for imaging the pupil of the subject is arranged on one side in the longitudinal direction on the side surface 2a of the subject half 2 facing the subject during the examination. Around the sensor 5, a visible light emitting diode (hereinafter, referred to as a visible light LED) 6 for irradiating the eyeball of the subject with visible light, and an infrared light emitting diode (hereinafter, referred to as a visible light LED) for irradiating the eyeball of the subject with infrared light.
It is called an infrared LED. 7), and a quadrangular cylindrical rubber pad 8 protruding toward the subject is provided outside the CMOS image sensor 5, the visible light LED 6, and the infrared light LED 7. This rubber pad 8 is used to prevent the external light other than the visible light LED 6 and the infrared light LED 7, which is a light irradiating part, from entering the eyeball of the subject by bringing the rubber pad 8 into contact with the skin around the eye of the subject during the examination. It is. Note that the visible light LED 6 and the infrared light LED 7 are arranged so as not to obstruct the visual field of the subject.

The CMOS image sensor 5 has sensitivity to infrared light, and the infrared LED 7 irradiates the subject's eye with infrared light, so that the amount of natural light is small and even in a dark environment. The subject's eye can be imaged. The emission wavelength of the infrared LED 7 is in the infrared wavelength range, and the human retina has no sensitivity to infrared light. Even if the light of the external light LED 7 irradiates the eyeball of the subject, it is possible to capture an image of the pupil without the subject feeling dazzling. That is, in the present embodiment, the infrared light emitted from the infrared LED 7 is used as environmental light for pupil imaging. In this embodiment, the CMOS image sensor 5 is used as the imaging unit.
It is needless to say that the imaging unit is not limited to the CMOS image sensor, and an imaging device such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) may be used.

A groove 9 running along the longitudinal direction is formed on the side surface 2a of the half body 2 at a position other than the region surrounded by the rubber pad 8 and substantially at the center in the short width direction. An elliptical column-shaped gripping bar (grip portion) 10 for gripping with one hand is slidably mounted in the groove 9 along a longitudinal direction with a part thereof buried. The gripping bar 10 is housed in the groove 9 in the housed state, but is pulled out downward in the figure as shown in FIG.
Pupil can be inspected by holding the gripping bar 10 with one hand.

On the other half 3, the half body 2 is placed on the surface 3 a facing the subject side 2 a of the half body 2 in the stored state (ie, the side of the examiner facing the examiner at the time of examination), and on the half half 2. The recesses 11 and 13 into which the provided rubber pad 8 and the gripping bar 10 enter respectively at the time of storage are provided.
1 is a small display liquid crystal display (hereinafter referred to as display L).
Say CD. ) 12 are attached. In addition, on the inspector side surface 3a of the half body 3, a measurement start button 14 for starting a pupil test on a part operable with the hand holding the grip bar 10 and an external storage device (FIG. Not shown)
And a transmission button 15 for transmitting to the user. Here, an operation unit for performing a measurement operation from the measurement start button 14 and the transmission button 15 is configured. In the present embodiment, a liquid crystal display is used as the output unit. However, the output unit is not limited to the liquid crystal display, and any display device may be used as long as it is a small display device.

By the way, when performing a pupil test, it is necessary to open the eyelids of the test subject. However, when performing a pupil test for a consciousness-impaired patient, the test subject cannot open the eyelids by himself / herself. The subject had the subject's eyelids opened with one hand to perform a pupil test. In addition, when performing a pupil test on a conscious subject, it is sufficient to instruct the subject to open the eyelids, but since the subject may blink unconsciously and the eyelids may be closed, The examiner performed the pupil examination by opening the eyelid of the subject with one hand. Therefore, in the present embodiment, of the four side walls of the rubber pad 8, an upper side wall (upper pad) 8 a whose tip contacts the skin above the eye, and a lower side wall (lower pad) whose tip contacts the skin below the eye. ) 8b and the operating lever 20
The upper side wall 8a is moved upward and the lower side wall 8b is moved downward when performing a pupil test, so that the eyelids are forcibly opened. I have to.

As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the operation lever 20 has a long and thin rod shape, and a grip portion 20a protruding from the side surface of the half body 2 to the outside. The grip portion 20a and the link portion 20
“b” is rotatably supported about a shaft 22 provided on the half body 2. In the unused state, the grip portion 20a
Is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 4A, and is housed in a recess 21 provided on the side surface of the half body 2. On the other hand, in the use state, the grip portion 20a is rotated clockwise in the drawing and pulled out from the recess 21, and when the grip portion 20a is rotated to a position where the grip portion 20a and the link portion 20b are aligned on the same straight line, The grip portion 20a and the link portion 20b are locked, and the grip portion 20a
Is transmitted to the link portion 20b, and the link portion 20b rotates clockwise about the shaft 22.

The distal end of the link portion 20b is connected to the lower end of a support bar 23 housed vertically in the half body 2 so that the link portion 20b rotates clockwise about the shaft 22. , The support bar 23 moves upward. here,
The lower side wall 8b of the rubber pad 8 is rotatably supported around a shaft portion 24 provided at an intermediate portion, and one end portion is connected to the support bar 23. Therefore, when the support bar 23 moves upward,
The lower wall 8b rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 4B around the shaft 24, and the tip of the lower side of the eye that comes into contact with the skin moves downward. At this time, the skin under the eye in contact with the tip of the lower wall 8b moves downward together with the tip of the lower wall 8b, and the lower eyelid opens downward.

On the other hand, the upper side wall 8a of the rubber pad 8 is rotatably supported around a shaft portion 25 provided at an intermediate portion, and an end opposite to the side in contact with the subject's skin has a crank rod 26. Is connected to one end. The crank rod 26 is rotatably supported about a shaft 27, and the other end of the crank rod 26 is connected to the support rod 23. Accordingly, when the support rod 23 moves upward in response to the operation of the operation lever 20, the crank rod 26 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 4B, and the upper side wall 8a rotates clockwise in FIG. To rotate. At this time, the distal end of the upper wall 8a on the subject side moves upward, and the skin above the eye in contact with the distal end of the upper wall 8a moves upward together with the distal end of the upper wall 8a. The eyelids open upward.

As described above, in response to the operation of the operation lever 20, the distal ends of the upper side wall 8a and the lower side wall 8b of the rubber pad 8 move upward and downward, respectively, and the upper side of the eye contacting the distal end of the upper side wall 8a. As the skin moves upward,
The skin under the eye in contact with the tip of the lower side wall 8b moves downward, and the eyelid of the subject can be opened. Accordingly, the subject's eyelids are opened by grasping the grasping rod 10 with one hand and bringing the tip of the rubber pad 8 into contact with the skin around the eyes, and then operating the operation lever 20 with the other hand. be able to. Note that the grip portion 2 of the operation lever 20 is located within a range operable by the hand holding the grip bar 10.
Oa may be arranged, and the pupil test can be performed after the eyelids are opened with only one hand, thereby improving the workability of the test work. Here, an opening / closing mechanism for increasing the distance between the distal end portions of the upper side wall 8a and the lower side wall 8b from the operation lever 20, the support rod 23, the crank rod 26, and the like is configured.

Next, the internal circuit of the pupilometer will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. Although there are various signal formats for the image signal output from the CMOS image sensor 5, in this embodiment, a VGA signal which is generally used for a display device of a personal computer is used. Note that the VGA signal is classified into an analog format and a digital format.
Since the A signal is used, the number of analog processing circuits can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where an analog VGA signal is used.
It can be directly input to the image processing IC 16 composed of a programmable logic device such as a gate array.

The image processing IC 16 outputs a setting signal to the CMOS image sensor 5 to control the image pickup operation of the CMOS image sensor 5, and furthermore, based on the VGA signal of the pupil image input from the CMOS image sensor 5, outputs a signal in the image. An area corresponding to the pupil is extracted, and the maximum diameter of the extracted pupil area is detected. If the size of the pupil can be detected, an eyeball image obtained by a general image pickup device is subjected to image processing, and the darkest portion of the eyeball (that is, the darkest portion in the black and white grayscale image) is regarded as the pupil. Thus, the maximum diameter of the pupil may be obtained.

As described above, by processing the VGA signal of the pupil image picked up by the CMOS image sensor 5 by the image processing IC 16, data of the pupil diameter in each pupil image can be obtained. In the present embodiment, pupil diameter data (primary data) obtained by the image processing IC 16
Are further processed by the microcomputer 17 to obtain various indices (secondary data) of the pupil-light reaction. Here, the image processing IC 16 and the microcomputer 17 constitute a calculation unit that calculates at least the size of the pupil from the information of the eyeball obtained from the image of the CMOS image sensor 5. In addition,
Various quantitative indices such as initial pupil diameter, latency, miotic amount, miotic ratio, miotic time, maximum miotic speed, maximum miotic acceleration, and maximum mydriasis speed have been previously studied as indicators of pupil-to-light response. The pupil-light response of the subject can be quantitatively evaluated by obtaining these indices.

The microcomputer 17 reads comparison data such as normal values and abnormal values for various indices of the pupil-light reaction from the memory 18 and outputs these comparison data to the image processing IC 16 together with the calculation data for the subject. I do. Here, the image processing IC 16 uses the pupil diameter calculated from the VGA signal of the CMOS image sensor 5 to generate image data of a graph showing a temporal change of the pupil diameter, calculation data of various indices input from the microcomputer 17, and comparison data. Is used to generate image data of a graph for comparing the calculated data with the comparison data, and outputs the generated image data to the image memory 19. The display on the display LCD 12 corresponds to the contents of the image memory 19,
9 by rewriting the contents of the display LCD 12.
Can be updated, the image processing IC 16
When the image data of the graph created by is written in the image memory 19, these graphs are displayed on the display LCD 12. The VGA signal from the CMOS image sensor 5 is written in the image memory 19, and the image of the eyeball captured by the CMOS image sensor 5 can be displayed on the display LCD 12.

FIGS. 6A to 6C show a display screen of the display LCD 12, and FIG. 6A shows a display screen of an image of the eyeball M captured by the CMOS image sensor 5. FIG. FIG. 6B is a display screen of a graph showing the temporal change of the pupil diameter. In FIG. 6A, A indicates the pupil diameter of the left eye, and B in the same figure indicates the pupil diameter of the right eye. Can be quantitatively confirmed. FIG. 6C is a display screen of a graph for comparing the test result of the subject with the normal value and the abnormal value. W1 in FIG. 6C indicates a range of normal data.
2 indicates a range of abnormal data.

The CMOS image sensor 5, the visible light L
The ED 6, the infrared LED 7, the display LCD 12, the image processing IC 16, the microcomputer 17, and the image memory 19 are supplied with operating power from a battery (not shown) housed in the housing 1. It can be carried and used where there is no.

Next, a procedure for examining a pupil of a subject using the pupil meter will be briefly described. First, as shown in FIG. 2, both halves 2, 3 are placed such that the subject side 2 a of the half 2 and the examiner side 3 a of the half 3 face each other.
From the folded state, the two halves 2 and 3 are rotated via the connecting portion 4 so that the subject side 2a of the half 2 and the examiner side 3a of the half 3 are back to back as shown in FIG. And the two halves 2 and 3 are overlapped, and the gripping bar 10 is pulled out downward. At this time, the CMOS image sensor 5, the visible light LED 6, and the infrared light LED 7 are arranged on one surface (the surface on the subject side) of the body 1, and the display LCD 12 is disposed on the opposite surface (the surface on the examiner side). And measurement start button 14
And the transmission button 15 are arranged, so that the inspector can
When the CMOS image sensor 5 is opposed to the eyeball of the subject, the display LCD 12 faces the examiner, so that the examiner can easily read the display on the display LCD 12.

When the body 1 is set in a measurable state,
An image captured by the CMOS image sensor 5 is displayed on the display LCD 12. At this time, the inspector holds the grip bar 1
0 with one hand, while watching the image on the display LCD 12, the rubber pad 8 contacts the skin around the eyes, and C
The position of the body 1 can be adjusted so that the eyeball of the subject is included in the imaging range of the MOS image sensor 5,
The workability of the inspection work is improved. After the body 1 is moved to an appropriate position, when the grip portion 20a of the operation lever 20 is pulled downward, the distance between the tip portions of the upper side wall 8a and the lower side wall 8b of the rubber pad 8 increases, and The upper skin is pulled upward, and the skin below the eyes is pulled downward, forcing the subject's eyelids to open.

Thereafter, when the measurement start button 14 is pressed with the hand holding the grip bar 10, the visible light LED 6 irradiates the subject's eyeball M with visible light, and a light stimulus for inducing a pupil reaction is given. Can be The CMOS image sensor 5 captures images of the eyeball before and after the visible light LED 6 emits visible light, and the image processing IC 16 processes each image captured by the CMOS image sensor 5 so that the pupil of each image is processed. The diameter of the pupil is calculated and the calculation result of the pupil diameter is calculated by the
Output to The microcomputer 18 uses the data of the pupil diameter calculated by the image processing IC 16 to calculate various indices related to the pupil-light reaction, and outputs the calculation results to the image processing IC 16 together with the comparison data. The image processing IC 16 uses the calculation result of the pupil diameter and the data input from the microcomputer 18 to generate image data of a graph indicating a temporal change of the pupil diameter and a graph of the calculation result of various indices. In the display LCD 12 as shown in FIG.
(B) A graph as shown in (c) is displayed. Accordingly, the examiner can read the pupil reaction of the subject from the graph displayed on the display LCD 12. When the transmission button 15 is pressed with the hand holding the grip bar 10, the calculation results of the pupil diameter and various indices are transmitted to an external storage device, and these data are processed externally. be able to. Here, the measurement start button 14 and the transmission button 15
The pupil test can be performed with only one hand because it is provided in a range that can be operated by the hand holding the holding rod 10.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the CMOS image sensor 5 is used as the image pickup unit and the small display LCD 12 is used as the output unit, thereby reducing the size of the image pickup unit and the output unit. In addition, LC for display
Since the power consumption of D12 is small, the capacity of the battery can be reduced, and the size of the battery is reduced. Also, CMO
Since the VGA signal of the S image sensor 5 is in a digital format, the VGA signal can be directly input to the image processing IC 16 composed of a programmable logic device, and the number of analog processing circuits can be greatly reduced. Is shrinking. As described above, by reducing the size of the imaging unit, the output unit, and the calculation unit, the imaging unit, the output unit, and the calculation unit can be stored in the small body 1. Therefore, the pupil meter can be brought to the side of the patient with impaired consciousness to perform pupil measurement, and a highly portable pupil meter capable of quantitatively performing a pupil test can be realized.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 7 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. When pupil measurement is performed on a conscious subject using the pupil meter according to the first embodiment, the gazing point of the subject may not be fixed at one point, and it may be difficult to perform a pupil test. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the pupilometer of the first embodiment is provided with a gaze image display unit 28 that presents an image for causing the subject to gaze at the subject, and displays the image presented by the gaze image display unit 28 on the subject. Gazing at the subject prevents the subject's gazing point from fluctuating,
The image sensor 5 can capture a stable pupil image. Since the configuration other than the gaze image display unit 28 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and illustration and description are omitted.

The gaze image display unit 28 includes a concave mirror 30 positioned in front of the subject's eyes, a half mirror 29 positioned between the subject's eyeball M and the concave mirror 30, and a gaze target positioned above the half mirror 29. A liquid crystal display (hereinafter referred to as a gaze LCD) 32, and a CMO
The S image sensor 5 is disposed below the half mirror 29. A filter 31 that transmits only infrared light is provided between the half mirror 29 and the CMOS image sensor 5.
Is arranged. Here, the gaze LCD 32
Is for displaying a virtual image formed by the concave mirror 30 by reflecting the image on the half mirror 29 and presenting the virtual image to the subject through the half mirror 29, and the display is controlled by the image processing IC 16. In the present embodiment, the concave mirror 30 is used, and the gaze LCD 32 is downsized by increasing the image magnification.

On the other hand, the infrared LED 7 is disposed near the eye M of the subject, and irradiates the eye M of the subject with infrared light. The CMOS image sensor 5 uses the infrared light reflected by the half mirror 29 to reflect the infrared light. An image of the subject's eyeball M is captured. Here, since the infrared transmitting filter 31 is disposed between the half mirror 29 and the CMOS image sensor 5, the visible light from the watching LCD 32 passes through the half mirror 29 and is transmitted to the CMOS image sensor 5. Prevents incidence.

As described above, in this embodiment, the visible light from the gaze LCD 32 reflected by the half mirror 29 is
The reflected light is further reflected by the concave mirror 30 and presented to the subject's eyeball M. By gazing the subject at the image presented by the gaze LCD 32, the subject's gazing point can be prevented from fluctuating, and the CMOS image sensor 5 stabilizes the image. The captured pupil image can be captured.

[0041]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an imaging unit for imaging a subject's eyeball, a light irradiating unit for irradiating light to the subject's eyeball, and eyeball information obtained from an image of the imaging unit. It further comprises an arithmetic unit for calculating at least the size of the pupil, an output unit for outputting the arithmetic result of the arithmetic unit, and a small body for accommodating each of the above units. Unit, light irradiating unit, arithmetic unit and output unit, it is highly portable and can be used for patients who cannot move on their own will, such as those with consciousness impairment. The pupil test can be performed quantitatively by carrying it to the side, and the arithmetic unit calculates the size of the pupil from the information of the eyeball obtained from the image of the imaging unit. effective.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the output unit displays an image of the eyeball captured by the imaging unit. Since the image taken by the unit is displayed on the output unit,
While observing the image displayed on the output unit, the position of the container can be adjusted so that the eyeball falls within the imaging range of the imaging unit, and there is an effect that the workability of the inspection operation is improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the light irradiating unit irradiates the subject's eyeball with visible light. In addition, by irradiating the eyeball with visible light by the light irradiating section, a light stimulus for inducing a pupil reaction is given to the eyeball, and the pupil-light reaction can be inspected.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first to third aspects, a gaze image display section for presenting an image for causing the subject to gaze in front of the subject is provided. In addition to the effect of the invention described in 3 above, by presenting an image in front of the subject on the gaze image display unit,
The subject is gazed at this image, and the gazing point of the subject can be prevented from fluctuating, so that the imaging unit can capture a stable pupil image.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, the arithmetic unit has a programmable logic device, and the programmable logic device determines a pupil size based on information of an eyeball obtained from an image of the imaging unit. And an index relating to the pupil-light reaction is calculated, and the same effects as those of the first to fourth aspects of the invention are obtained.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the output section is arranged on a surface opposite to the surface of the body on which the imaging section is arranged, and the body is gripped with one hand. And a control section for performing a measurement operation at a portion operable by a hand on the side holding the grip section, wherein an operation section is provided. The output unit is disposed on a surface opposite to the surface of the body on which the imaging unit is disposed, and when the examiner has a gripper and opposes the imaging unit to the subject's eyeball, the output unit performs an inspection. Face, so that the examiner can read the output of the output unit, and since the operation unit is provided in a range that can be operated by the hand holding the grip unit, the pupil test can be performed with one hand. There is an effect that can be done.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first to sixth aspects of the present invention, an upper pad whose tip contacts the upper skin of the subject's eye and a lower pad whose tip contacts the lower skin of the subject's eye. The body is provided with a pad and an opening / closing mechanism for increasing the distance between the tips of the upper pad and the lower pad while the tips of the upper pad and the lower pad are in contact with the skin of the subject, respectively. And after the upper pad and the lower pad are brought into contact with the upper and lower skin of the eye, respectively,
By widening the distance between the upper pad and the tip of the lower pad using the opening and closing mechanism, the subject's eyelids can be opened, and the effect that the imaging unit can reliably capture an image of the eyeball can be obtained. is there.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a use state of a pupilometer according to a first embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an external perspective view seen from the subject side, and FIG. 2B is an external perspective view seen from the examiner side.

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing the above-mentioned folded state.

FIG. 3 is an external perspective view showing a state where the above is opened from a folded state.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory views illustrating a leg opening mechanism of the rubber pad according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the above.

FIGS. 6A to 6C are explanatory diagrams of display screens of the above.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a gaze image display unit of the pupilometer according to the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 body 5 CMOS image sensor 6 visible light LED 7 infrared light LED 10 gripping rod 12 display LCD

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Ryoji Nakajima 1048 Kazuma Kadoma, Kazuma, Osaka Prefecture Inside Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd.

Claims (7)

[Claims] An imaging unit configured to image a subject's eyeball; a light irradiation unit configured to irradiate light to the subject's eyeball; and a calculation unit configured to calculate at least a pupil size from eyeball information obtained from an image of the imaging unit. A pupillometer comprising: an output unit that outputs a calculation result of the calculation unit; and a small body housing the above units. 2. The pupillometer according to claim 1, wherein said output unit displays an image of an eyeball captured by said imaging unit. 3. The pupil meter according to claim 1, wherein the light irradiating unit irradiates the eyeball of the subject with visible light. 4. The pupillometer according to claim 1, further comprising a gaze image display unit for presenting an image for causing the subject to gaze in front of the subject's eyes. 5. The arithmetic unit has a programmable logic device, and the programmable logic device calculates an index relating to a pupil size and a pupil-light reaction from information of an eyeball obtained from an image of the imaging unit. The pupilometer according to claim 1, wherein 6. The output unit is arranged on a surface of the body opposite to the surface on which the imaging unit is arranged, and a grip for holding the body with one hand is provided on the body. 6. The pupilometer according to claim 1, further comprising an operation unit for performing a measurement operation at a part operable by a hand on the gripped side. 7. An upper pad whose tip contacts the skin above the eye of the subject, a lower pad whose tip contacts the skin below the eye of the subject, and the tips of the upper pad and the lower pad contact the skin of the subject. 2. An opening / closing mechanism for increasing the distance between the tips of the upper pad and the lower pad in a state where they are in contact with each other.
A pupilometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.