JP2002142379A - Charging method for battery - Google Patents
Charging method for batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002142379A JP2002142379A JP2000337155A JP2000337155A JP2002142379A JP 2002142379 A JP2002142379 A JP 2002142379A JP 2000337155 A JP2000337155 A JP 2000337155A JP 2000337155 A JP2000337155 A JP 2000337155A JP 2002142379 A JP2002142379 A JP 2002142379A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- battery
- voltage
- internal resistance
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は電池を充電する方法
に関し、とくに、定電圧定電流充電で充電する方法に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of charging a battery, and more particularly, to a method of charging a battery with constant voltage and constant current.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】定電圧定電流充電は、電池を充電すると
きに、充電する電圧と電流の最大値を制限して充電す
る。この充電方法は、電池の特性を劣化することなく充
電できる特長がある。電池は、充電電流が大きすぎると
電気性能が低下する性質がある。また、充電電圧が高す
ぎても電気性能が低下する。定電圧定電流充電は、充電
電流と充電電圧の最大値を設定電圧と設定電流に制限し
ながら充電するので、電池性能を低下させることなく充
電できる。2. Description of the Related Art In constant voltage / current charging, a battery is charged by limiting the maximum value of the voltage and current to be charged. This charging method has a feature that it can be charged without deteriorating the characteristics of the battery. Batteries have the property of degrading electrical performance if the charging current is too large. In addition, even if the charging voltage is too high, the electric performance is reduced. In the constant-voltage / constant-current charging, charging is performed while limiting the maximum value of the charging current and the charging voltage to the set voltage and the set current.
【０００３】図１は、定電圧定電流充電される電池の電
圧と電流特性を示してる。この図に示すように、充電を
開始した最初は、電池電圧が低いので、充電電流が設定
電流に制限されて定電流充電される。充電が進行して電
池電圧が設定電圧まで上昇すると、電池電圧を設定電圧
に保持して充電される。このため、充電が進行して電池
の電圧が高くなるにしたがって、充電器の充電電圧であ
る設定電圧との差が少なくなって充電電流が減少する。FIG. 1 shows the voltage and current characteristics of a battery charged at a constant voltage and a constant current. As shown in this figure, at the beginning of charging, since the battery voltage is low, the charging current is limited to the set current, and constant current charging is performed. When the charging proceeds and the battery voltage rises to the set voltage, the battery is charged while maintaining the battery voltage at the set voltage. For this reason, as charging proceeds and the voltage of the battery increases, the difference from the set voltage, which is the charging voltage of the charger, decreases, and the charging current decreases.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】電池を定電圧定電流に
制限して充電する方法は、電池電圧が設定電圧まで上昇
すると、充電電流が次第に減少する。このため、充電電
流が減少する工程での充電時間が長くなって、トータル
の充電時間が長くなる。定電流で充電される工程では、
単位時間に充電できる容量が一定であるが、定電圧で充
電される工程では充電電流が次第に減少するので、単位
時間に充電できる容量が次第に減少する。とくに、充電
容量が大きくなって電池電圧が高くなると、充電電流が
著しく減少するので、単位時間の充電容量は著しく少な
くなり、所定の容量まで充電されるまでの時間が長くな
る。効率よく充電できる定電流充電の時間を長くする方
法は、トータルの充電時間を短縮ことに効果がある。た
だ、定電流充電する時間を長くするためには、設定電圧
を高くする必要があり、このことが電池のダメージを大
きくする弊害がある。In the method of charging a battery by limiting it to a constant voltage and a constant current, when the battery voltage rises to a set voltage, the charging current gradually decreases. For this reason, the charging time in the process in which the charging current is reduced becomes longer, and the total charging time becomes longer. In the process of charging with a constant current,
Although the chargeable capacity per unit time is constant, the charge current gradually decreases in the step of charging at a constant voltage, so that the chargeable capacity per unit time gradually decreases. In particular, when the charging capacity is increased and the battery voltage is increased, the charging current is significantly reduced, so that the charging capacity per unit time is significantly reduced, and the time required for charging to a predetermined capacity is prolonged. The method of extending the constant current charging time for efficient charging is effective in shortening the total charging time. However, in order to lengthen the time for constant current charging, it is necessary to increase the set voltage, which has a problem of increasing the damage to the battery.
【０００５】充電容量が大きくなった電池は、充電電流
が極めて小さくなるので、この状態で、充電をタイマー
で中断する方法は、充電時間を短縮できるが、この方法
では、所定の容量まで充電できず、また、電池によって
充電できる容量にばらつきができる欠点がある。とく
に、劣化した電池は、同じ時間充電しても、充電容量に
対する充電電流の減少が甚だしく、タイマーで設定され
た時間を充電すると、充電される容量が小さくなってし
まう弊害がある。[0005] A battery having a large charge capacity has a very small charge current. In this state, the method of interrupting the charge with a timer can shorten the charge time, but this method can charge the battery to a predetermined capacity. In addition, there is a disadvantage that the capacity that can be charged by the battery varies. In particular, even if the deteriorated battery is charged for the same time, the charging current with respect to the charging capacity is significantly reduced, and when charging for the time set by the timer, the charged capacity is reduced.
【０００６】さらに、タイマーで充電時間を制限するこ
となく、電池を定電圧定電流充電すると、劣化した電池
を所定の容量まで充電するのに時間がかかる欠点があ
る。このため、電池を定電圧定電流で充電する方法は、
劣化した電池を所定の時間で能率よく充電できない欠点
がある。Further, if the battery is charged at a constant voltage and a constant current without limiting the charging time with a timer, there is a disadvantage that it takes time to charge the deteriorated battery to a predetermined capacity. Therefore, the method of charging a battery with a constant voltage and a constant current is as follows:
There is a disadvantage that a deteriorated battery cannot be efficiently charged in a predetermined time.
【０００７】本発明は、このような欠点を解決すること
を目的に開発されたもので、本発明の重要な目的は、劣
化した電池を能率よく短時間で所定の容量まで充電でき
る電池の充電方法を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been developed to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an important object of the present invention is to charge a battery capable of efficiently charging a deteriorated battery to a predetermined capacity in a short time. It is to provide a method.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の充電方法は、内
部抵抗検出工程と最終充電工程とで電池を充電する。内
部抵抗検出工程は、最終充電電圧以下の内部抵抗検出電
圧で電池を充電して、電池の内部抵抗を検出する。最終
充電工程は、内部抵抗の検出された電池を、最終充電電
圧と最終充電電流の定電圧定電流充電で充電する。最終
充電工程で電池を充電する最終充電電圧は、電池の設定
電圧に、電池の内部抵抗と最終充電電流の積を加算して
なる電圧に設定される。According to the charging method of the present invention, a battery is charged in an internal resistance detecting step and a final charging step. In the internal resistance detection step, the battery is charged with an internal resistance detection voltage equal to or lower than the final charging voltage, and the internal resistance of the battery is detected. In the final charging step, the battery whose internal resistance has been detected is charged by constant voltage / constant current charging of the final charging voltage and the final charging current. The final charging voltage for charging the battery in the final charging step is set to a voltage obtained by adding the product of the internal resistance of the battery and the final charging current to the set voltage of the battery.
【０００９】内部抵抗検出工程においては、たとえば、
電池をパルス充電して、充電するときの電池電圧と、充
電を休止するときの電池電圧の差から内部抵抗を検出す
る。さらに、本発明の充電方法は、好ましくは、内部抵
抗検出工程の前に、内部抵抗検出電圧よりも低い予備充
電電圧に設定して予備充電工程で充電する。予備充電工
程も、好ましくは、電池を定電圧定電流充電する。In the internal resistance detecting step, for example,
The battery is pulse-charged, and the internal resistance is detected from the difference between the battery voltage when charging and the battery voltage when suspending charging. Further, in the charging method of the present invention, preferably, before the internal resistance detection step, the pre-charge voltage is set to a pre-charge voltage lower than the internal resistance detection voltage, and charging is performed in the pre-charge step. In the pre-charging step, preferably, the battery is charged at a constant voltage and a constant current.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基
づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施例は、本発明
の技術思想を具体化するための電池の充電方法を例示す
るものであって、本発明は充電方法を以下に特定しな
い。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples illustrate a battery charging method for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify a charging method below.
【００１１】本発明の充電方法は、ハイブリッドカーや
電気自動車を走行させる電池の充電方法に最適である。
それは、電池を劣化させることなく短時間で能率よく充
電でき、とくに、劣化した電池をも効率よく短時間で充
電できるからである。自動車に搭載される電池は、つね
に効率よく速やかに充電されることが大切である。充電
効率が悪くて充電に時間がかかると、発電機を駆動する
ためにエンジンの運転時間が長くなるからである。とく
に、エンジンは、低負荷で運転されるときに出力に対す
る燃料消費が大きくなる特性があるので、低電流で電池
を充電する時間が長くなってエンジンを低負荷で運転す
る時間が長くなると、燃費が極め悪化して、ハイブリッ
ドカーの特長が失われる弊害がある。このため、ハイブ
リッドカーの電池を充電する方法は、つねに電池を短時
間で能率よく所定の容量まで充電できることが特に大切
である。The charging method of the present invention is most suitable for a method of charging a battery for running a hybrid car or an electric car.
This is because the battery can be efficiently charged in a short time without deteriorating the battery, and in particular, the degraded battery can be efficiently charged in a short time. It is important that batteries mounted in automobiles are always efficiently and quickly charged. If the charging efficiency is poor and the charging takes a long time, the operation time of the engine for driving the generator is prolonged. In particular, the engine has a characteristic that the fuel consumption relative to the output increases when the engine is operated at a low load. However, there is an adverse effect that the characteristics of the hybrid car are lost due to extreme deterioration. For this reason, it is particularly important for the method of charging the battery of the hybrid car that the battery can always be efficiently charged to a predetermined capacity in a short time.
【００１２】図２は、ハイブリッドカーに搭載される電
池の充放電制御機構のブロック図である。このブロック
図の充放電制御機構は、電池１の充放電を制御する充放
電コントローラ２と、この充放電コントローラ２に制御
されてモーター４への供給電力を制御するインバータ３
と、充放電コントローラ２に制御されて電池１を充電す
る発電機５とを備える。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a charge / discharge control mechanism of a battery mounted on the hybrid car. The charge / discharge control mechanism of this block diagram includes a charge / discharge controller 2 for controlling the charge / discharge of the battery 1, and an inverter 3 controlled by the charge / discharge controller 2 to control the power supplied to the motor 4.
And a generator 5 that charges the battery 1 under the control of the charge / discharge controller 2.
【００１３】充放電コントローラ２は、たとえば、アク
セル（図示せず）から自動車をモーター４で走行させる
信号が入力されると、インバータ３を制御して電池１か
らモーター４に電力を供給する。モーター４に供給する
電力は、アクセルの開度等で調整される。モーター４が
自動車を走行させると電池１が放電される。The charge / discharge controller 2 controls the inverter 3 to supply electric power from the battery 1 to the motor 4 when, for example, a signal for driving the automobile by the motor 4 is input from an accelerator (not shown). The electric power supplied to the motor 4 is adjusted by the degree of opening of the accelerator and the like. When the motor 4 drives the automobile, the battery 1 is discharged.
【００１４】充放電コントローラ２は、電池１が放電さ
れて、電池１の残存容量が最低容量よりも少なくなる
と、放電を停止しあるいは放電を停止することなく、発
電機５を制御して電池１の残存容量が設定容量となるま
で充電する。放電を停止あるいは停止することなく充電
を開始する最低容量は、好ましくは満充電容量の３０〜
４０％に設定される。また、充電を終了する設定容量は
５０〜７０％に設定される。たとえば、最低容量は約４
０％、設定容量は約６０％に設定される。自動車に搭載
される電池１は、電池１の劣化を少なくして、極めて長
い期間にわたって使用できるように、最低容量と設定容
量を決める。最低容量を小さくして設定容量を大きくす
ると、電池１を実質的に充放電できる容量は大きくなる
が、電池１の寿命は短くなる。したがって、ハイブリッ
ドカーに使用される電池１の最低容量と設定容量は、電
池１の寿命と実質的に充放電できる容量の両方を考慮し
て決定する。When the battery 1 is discharged and the remaining capacity of the battery 1 becomes smaller than the minimum capacity, the charging / discharging controller 2 controls the generator 5 without stopping the discharging or without stopping the discharging to control the battery 1. Until the remaining capacity of the battery reaches the set capacity. The minimum capacity to start charging without stopping or stopping discharging is preferably 30 to 30 times of the full charging capacity.
Set to 40%. Further, the set capacity for ending the charging is set to 50 to 70%. For example, the minimum capacity is about 4
0%, and the set capacity is set to about 60%. The minimum capacity and the set capacity of the battery 1 mounted on an automobile are determined so that deterioration of the battery 1 is reduced and the battery 1 can be used for an extremely long period. When the minimum capacity is reduced and the set capacity is increased, the capacity that can substantially charge and discharge the battery 1 is increased, but the life of the battery 1 is shortened. Therefore, the minimum capacity and the set capacity of the battery 1 used in the hybrid car are determined in consideration of both the life of the battery 1 and the capacity that can be substantially charged and discharged.
【００１５】ただ、本発明は用途をハイブリッドカーに
は特定してない。ハイブリッドカー以外の用途であっ
て、電池の実質容量をできるかぎり大きくする用途にお
いては、最低容量を０ないしほぼ０％とし、設定容量を
１００〜ほぼ１００％とする。最低容量は、これよりも
電池の最低容量が少なくならないようにする容量である
から、放電している電池の残存容量が最低容量になると
放電を停止し、あるいは放電させながら充電して残存容
量が最低容量よりも小さくならないようにする。However, the present invention does not specify an application for a hybrid car. In applications other than the hybrid car, in which the real capacity of the battery is as large as possible, the minimum capacity is set to 0 to almost 0%, and the set capacity is set to 100 to almost 100%. The minimum capacity is a capacity that ensures that the minimum capacity of the battery does not become lower than this.When the remaining capacity of the discharged battery reaches the minimum capacity, the discharge is stopped, or the battery is charged while being discharged to reduce the remaining capacity. Do not drop below minimum capacity.
【００１６】充放電コントローラ２は、電池１の電圧、
充放電の電流、温度等を検出して、電池１の残存容量を
演算する。放電している電池１の残存容量が最低容量に
なると充電を開始し、充電している電池１の残存容量が
設定容量になると充電を停止させる。The charge / discharge controller 2 controls the voltage of the battery 1,
The remaining capacity of the battery 1 is calculated by detecting the charge / discharge current, temperature, and the like. When the remaining capacity of the discharged battery 1 reaches the minimum capacity, charging is started, and when the remaining capacity of the charged battery 1 reaches the set capacity, charging is stopped.
【００１７】充放電コントローラ２は、発電機５を制御
して、定電圧定電流充電で電池１を充電する。図３は、
充電される電池１の残存容量と電圧と電流が変化する特
性を示している。この図に示す充電方法は、残存容量が
最低容量になった電池１を、予備充電工程と、内部抵抗
検出工程と、最終充電工程とで設定容量まで充電する。The charge / discharge controller 2 controls the generator 5 to charge the battery 1 with constant voltage and constant current charging. FIG.
It shows a characteristic in which the remaining capacity, voltage and current of the battery 1 to be charged change. In the charging method shown in this figure, the battery 1 having the remaining capacity of the minimum capacity is charged to the set capacity in the preliminary charging step, the internal resistance detecting step, and the final charging step.
【００１８】最初に予備充電工程で電池１を充電する。
この工程は、定電圧定電流充電の設定電圧を、内部抵抗
検出工程と最終充電工程における充電電圧よりも低い予
備充電電圧（ＥV1）に設定して充電する。予備充電工程
は、電池電圧が予備充電電圧（ＥV1）まで上昇したこと
を検出し、あるいは、あらかじめ設定しているタイマー
がタイムアップして完了される。First, the battery 1 is charged in a preliminary charging step.
In this step, charging is performed by setting a set voltage for constant voltage / constant current charging to a pre-charging voltage (EV1) lower than the charging voltage in the internal resistance detecting step and the final charging step. The pre-charging step is completed by detecting that the battery voltage has risen to the pre-charging voltage (EV1), or by completing a preset timer.
【００１９】内部抵抗検出工程は、電池１を最終充電電
圧（ＥVT）以下の内部抵抗検出電圧（ＥV2）で充電し
て、内部抵抗を検出する工程である。この工程は、電池
１を定電圧定電流でパルス充電して、充電するときの電
池電圧と、充電を休止するときの電池電圧の差から内部
抵抗を検出する。電池１の内部抵抗（Ｒ）は、下記の式
で演算される。 Ｒ＝（Ｅ1−Ｅ0）／Ｉ ただし、この式において、Ｅ1は電流Ｉで充電するとき
の充電電圧、Ｅ0は充電を休止したときの電池電圧、Ｉ
は充電電流である。The internal resistance detecting step is a step of charging the battery 1 with an internal resistance detecting voltage (EV2) equal to or lower than the final charging voltage (EVT) to detect the internal resistance. In this step, the battery 1 is pulse-charged with a constant voltage and a constant current, and the internal resistance is detected from the difference between the battery voltage when charging and the battery voltage when suspending charging. The internal resistance (R) of the battery 1 is calculated by the following equation. R = (E1-E0) / I where E1 is the charging voltage when charging with current I, E0 is the battery voltage when charging is stopped, and I
Is the charging current.
【００２０】内部抵抗検出工程は、かならずしも定電圧
定電流のパルス充電で内部抵抗を検出する必要はない。
定電圧定電流ではないパルス充電とすることもでき、ま
た、充電電流を変更して内部抵抗を演算することもでき
る。また、パルス充電ではなくて、充電と充電を休止す
る状態で、充電電流および充電電圧と、充電を休止する
ときの電池電圧を検出して、前記の式で内部抵抗を演算
することもできる。In the internal resistance detecting step, it is not always necessary to detect the internal resistance by pulse charging with a constant voltage and a constant current.
Pulse charging other than constant voltage / constant current can be used, and the internal resistance can be calculated by changing the charging current. Also, instead of pulse charging, the charging current and the charging voltage and the battery voltage at the time of pausing the charging can be detected in a state where the charging and the pausing are paused, and the internal resistance can be calculated by the above equation.
【００２１】最終充電工程は、内部抵抗の検出された電
池１を、最終充電電圧（ＥVT）と最終充電電流（Ｉ）の
定電圧定電流充電で充電する。最終充電電圧（ＥVT）
は、下記の式で示すように、電池１の設定電圧（ＥS）
に、電池１の内部抵抗（Ｒ）と最終充電電流（Ｉ）の積
を加算してなる電圧に設定される。 ＥVT＝ＥS＋Ｒ×ＩIn the final charging step, the battery 1 whose internal resistance has been detected is charged by constant voltage / constant current charging of the final charging voltage (EVT) and the final charging current (I). Final charging voltage (EVT)
Is the set voltage (ES) of the battery 1 as shown by the following equation.
Is set to a voltage obtained by adding the product of the internal resistance (R) of the battery 1 and the final charging current (I). EVT = ES + R × I
【００２２】最終充電電圧（ＥVT）をこの電圧値に設定
して充電すると、電池１に印加される電圧が内部抵抗の
大小に関係なく設定電圧（ＥS）になる。設定電圧（Ｅ
S）は、電池１を理想的な状態で充電できる電圧に設定
される。設定電圧（ＥS）に設定して定電圧定電流充電
される電池１は、最初は電池電圧が低いので、図３に示
すように充電電流が一定電流に制限されて充電される。
その後、電池電圧が高くなると電圧が設定電圧（ＥS）
の定電圧に設定されて充電される。最終充電工程におい
て電池１の残存容量は次第に増加する。残存容量が設定
容量になると、充放電コントローラ２は、電池１の充電
を停止する。When the battery is charged with the final charging voltage (EVT) set to this voltage value, the voltage applied to the battery 1 becomes the set voltage (ES) regardless of the magnitude of the internal resistance. Set voltage (E
S) is set to a voltage at which the battery 1 can be charged in an ideal state. The battery 1 which is set to the set voltage (ES) and charged at a constant voltage and a constant current has a low battery voltage at first, so that the charging current is limited to a constant current as shown in FIG.
After that, when the battery voltage rises, the voltage becomes the set voltage (ES).
Is charged at a constant voltage. In the final charging step, the remaining capacity of the battery 1 gradually increases. When the remaining capacity reaches the set capacity, the charge / discharge controller 2 stops charging the battery 1.
【００２３】図３の充電方法は、最終充電工程における
最終充電電圧（ＥVT）を一定にしている。最終充電電圧
（ＥVT）は、定電流される充電電流を基準として前述の
式で演算した値に設定している。ただ、本発明の充電方
法は、最終充電工程において、最終充電電圧（ＥVT）を
充電電流で変化させて、常に電池１に印加される電圧を
設定電圧（ＥS）とすることもできる。最終充電電圧
（ＥVT）は、上記の式で示すように、充電電流をパラメ
ーターとして変化するので、充電電流（Ｉ）をパラメー
ターとして、上記の式で演算される最終充電電圧（ＥV
T）に設定すると、電池１に印加される電圧を常に設定
電圧（ＥS）にできる。この充電方法は、電池電圧が設
定電圧（ＥS）よりも高くならないので、電池１をより
理想的な状態で充電できる。とくに、この方法は、電池
電圧が設定電圧（ＥS）よりも高くなると弊害が発生す
る電池、たとえばリチウムイオン二次電池等の充電に最
適である。In the charging method shown in FIG. 3, the final charging voltage (EVT) in the final charging step is kept constant. The final charging voltage (EVT) is set to a value calculated by the above equation with reference to the charging current that is constant. However, in the charging method of the present invention, in the final charging step, the final charging voltage (EVT) can be changed by the charging current, and the voltage always applied to the battery 1 can be set to the set voltage (ES). Since the final charging voltage (EVT) changes with the charging current as a parameter as shown in the above equation, the final charging voltage (EV) calculated by the above equation with the charging current (I) as a parameter.
When set to T), the voltage applied to the battery 1 can always be set to the set voltage (ES). In this charging method, since the battery voltage does not become higher than the set voltage (ES), the battery 1 can be charged in a more ideal state. In particular, this method is most suitable for charging a battery, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery, which causes a problem when the battery voltage becomes higher than a set voltage (ES).
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明の電池の充電方法は、劣化した電
池を能率よく短時間で所定の容量まで充電できる特長が
ある。それは、本発明の充電方法が、最終充電電圧以下
の内部抵抗検出電圧で電池を充電しながら電池の内部抵
抗を検出する内部抵抗検出工程と、内部抵抗の検出され
た電池を、最終充電電圧と最終充電電流の定電圧定電流
充電で充電する最終充電工程とで電池を充電しており、
最終充電工程で電池を充電する最終充電電圧を、電池の
設定電圧に、電池の内部抵抗と最終充電電流の積を加算
してなる電圧に設定しているからである。この充電方法
は、最終充電電圧を、ただ単に大きくするのではなく、
電池の設定電圧に、電池の内部抵抗と最終充電電流の積
を加算してなる電圧に設定して充電するので、電池に印
加される電圧を、内部抵抗の大小に関係なく常に設定電
圧とすることができる。このため、電池の充電容量が大
きくなっても、定電流充電する時間を理想的に長くしな
がら、効果的に短時間で充電できる。しかも、この充電
方法は、設定電圧を高くすることなく充電するので、電
池のダメージを極減しながら理想的に充電できる。さら
に、本発明の充電方法は、電池の内部抵抗で最終充電電
圧を決定するので、内部抵抗の大きく異なる電池、たと
えば、劣化した電池であっても、能率よく短時間で所定
の容量まで充電できる。The method of charging a battery according to the present invention has a feature that a deteriorated battery can be efficiently charged to a predetermined capacity in a short time. That is, the charging method of the present invention is an internal resistance detection step of detecting the internal resistance of the battery while charging the battery at an internal resistance detection voltage equal to or lower than the final charging voltage, The battery is charged in the final charging step of charging with constant voltage and constant current charging of the final charging current,
This is because the final charging voltage for charging the battery in the final charging step is set to a voltage obtained by adding the product of the internal resistance of the battery and the final charging current to the set voltage of the battery. This charging method does not just increase the final charging voltage,
Since the battery is set and charged to a voltage obtained by adding the product of the internal resistance of the battery and the final charging current to the set voltage of the battery, the voltage applied to the battery is always set to the set voltage regardless of the magnitude of the internal resistance. be able to. For this reason, even if the charge capacity of the battery is large, the battery can be effectively charged in a short time while the time for the constant current charging is ideally long. In addition, since this charging method performs charging without increasing the set voltage, ideal charging can be performed while minimizing damage to the battery. Furthermore, since the charging method of the present invention determines the final charging voltage based on the internal resistance of the battery, even a battery having a significantly different internal resistance, for example, a deteriorated battery, can be efficiently charged to a predetermined capacity in a short time. .
【図１】従来の電池の充電方法における電圧電流特性を
示すグラフFIG. 1 is a graph showing voltage-current characteristics in a conventional battery charging method.
【図２】ハイブリッドカーに搭載される電池の充放電制
御機構のブロック図FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a charge / discharge control mechanism of a battery mounted on the hybrid car.
【図３】本発明の電池の充電方法における電圧電流特性
を示すグラフFIG. 3 is a graph showing voltage-current characteristics in the battery charging method of the present invention.
１…電池 ２…充放電コントローラ ３…インバータ ４…モーター ５…発電機 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Battery 2 ... Charge / discharge controller 3 ... Inverter 4 ... Motor 5 ... Generator
Claims (4)
電圧で充電して、内部抵抗を検出する内部抵抗検出工程
と、内部抵抗検出工程で内部抵抗が検出された電池を、
最終充電電圧と最終充電電流の定電圧定電流充電で充電
する最終充電工程とで電池を充電する方法であって、 最終充電工程で電池を充電する最終充電電圧を、電池の
設定電圧に、電池の内部抵抗と最終充電電流の積を加算
してなる電圧に設定して定電圧定電流充電する電池の充
電方法。An internal resistance detecting step of charging the battery with an internal resistance detection voltage equal to or lower than a final charging voltage to detect an internal resistance; and a battery having an internal resistance detected in the internal resistance detecting step.
A method of charging a battery with a final charging voltage and a final charging step of charging with a constant voltage and constant current charging of a final charging current, wherein the final charging voltage for charging the battery in the final charging step is set to a set voltage of the battery. A method for charging a battery for constant-voltage constant-current charging by setting a voltage obtained by adding the product of the internal resistance of the battery and the final charging current.
充電し、充電するときの電池電圧および充電電流と、充
電を休止するときの電池電圧の差から内部抵抗を検出す
る請求項１に記載される電池の充電方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the battery is pulse-charged in the internal resistance detecting step, and the internal resistance is detected from a difference between a battery voltage and a charging current when charging and a battery voltage when charging is stopped. How to charge the battery.
電圧よりも低い予備充電電圧に設定する予備充電工程で
充電する請求項１に記載される電池の充電方法。3. The battery charging method according to claim 1, wherein the battery is charged in a pre-charging step of setting a pre-charging voltage lower than the internal resistance detecting voltage before the internal resistance detecting step.
請求項３に記載される電池の充電方法。4. The method for charging a battery according to claim 3, wherein the preliminary charging step is a constant voltage constant current charging.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000337155A JP2002142379A (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | Charging method for battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000337155A JP2002142379A (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | Charging method for battery |
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|---|---|
| JP2002142379A true JP2002142379A (en) | 2002-05-17 |
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ID=18812584
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000337155A Pending JP2002142379A (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2000-11-06 | Charging method for battery |
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