JP2002034176A - Solar battery charging and discharging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar battery charging and discharging device which is integrally formed of a solar battery and a storage battery, can solve the problem of counterflow, take out power from either of the solar battery or the storage battery, and can be connected in parallel easily. SOLUTION: The solar battery 1 and the storage battery B are connected through a counterflow preventing diode D, a first switch SW1, and a second switch SW2. A power generation indicating circuit 2 is connected to the solar battery 1 through the first switch SW1, a battery remaining amount indicating circuit 3 is connected to the storage battery B through the second switch SW2, and lighting is made only when needed to cut down power consumption. The first and the second switches SW1, SW2 have fixed contacts C12, C22 to be kept in a floating state. By switching the first and second switches SW1, SW2, power can be taken out from any of the solar battery 1 itself, the storage battery B itself, and the solar battery 1 even while the storage battery B is being charged. Fitting two power input and output jacks J1, J2 can facilitate the parallel connection of the solar battery charging and discharging device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar cell charging / discharging apparatus, and more particularly to a solar cell charging / discharging apparatus in which a solar cell and a storage battery are integrally formed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A solar cell is a device for converting sunlight energy into electric energy, but cannot store the generated electric energy. When the light irradiation stops, power generation stops. Therefore, in general, a solar cell is used by being connected to a storage battery. However, there is a device such as an electronic desk calculator that does not need to use a storage battery. Further, in order to obtain desired performance, a solar cell is usually formed by integrating a plurality of solar cells in series. Similarly, as for the storage battery, a battery formed by integrating a plurality of storage batteries in series and in parallel is manufactured and sold.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional solar cell and its charging / discharging device. A power generation display circuit 2 is connected to the solar cell 1 in order to detect and display the power generation state. In many cases. Further, a light emitting diode (LED) is often used for the power generation display circuit 2. The light emitting diode consumes power when it is connected and disconnected, but it is often expensive to use a switch and the power consumption is small. still,
Some power generation display circuits are omitted in order to reduce the price, and some, such as electronic desk calculators, do not use a power generation display circuit.

As described above, since a solar cell cannot store generated electric energy, it is usually used by connecting to a storage battery.
Are provided with plugs 5a and 5b, and plugged into outlets 4a and 4b provided in the storage battery B for connection. If the irradiation of light stops for some reason, the power generation of the solar cell 1 stops. At this time, if the storage battery B is charged, backflow from the storage battery B to the solar cell 1 may occur. In such a case, the inconvenience that the plugs 5a and 5b must be disconnected from the outlets 4a and 4b. There is.

[0005] Further, the storage battery B is provided with a battery remaining amount display circuit 3 for detecting and displaying the remaining power, and terminals T ₁ and T ₂ for extracting the power of the storage battery B. Upon displaying constantly battery indication circuit 3, much power is consumed, since the storage amount of the storage battery B is decreased, it is common to connect the switch SW ₃ so as to display the remaining amount only when necessary .

[0006]

However, since the conventional solar cell 1 and the storage battery B are composed of separate devices and are connected to the outlets 4a and 4b and the plugs 5a and 5b, When the storage battery B is charged when the solar cell 1 is not generating power as in the above, the plugs 5a and 5b must be disconnected from the outlets 4a and 4b so that the current does not flow backward. There was inconvenience. Therefore, there is a problem that the solar cell 1 and the storage battery B cannot be integrally formed, and it is difficult to provide a portable type.

[0007] The storage battery B while generating power using the solar cell 1
Is charged, and the power generated by the solar cell 1 is to be taken out and used, if a situation occurs in which the light irradiation stops and the power generation of the solar cell stops during use, a backflow from the storage battery B to the solar cell 1 occurs. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to use the method of charging the storage battery B while generating power with the solar cell 1 and extracting and using the generated power of the solar cell 1.

The conventional solar cell 1 and storage battery B are:
Since it was composed of separate devices and connected with the outlets 4a and 4b and the plugs 5a and 5b,
There is a problem that it is not easy to connect the solar cell 1 and the storage battery B in parallel in order to increase the current supply capability, and it is difficult to increase the current supply capability.

In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and solves the above-mentioned problem of the backflow, taking out only the power generated by the solar cell, and charging the storage battery. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar battery charging / discharging device capable of extracting power generated by a solar battery and extracting only power of a storage battery.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell charging / discharging apparatus capable of easily increasing the current supply capability in addition to the above objects. Further, the present invention provides
It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar battery charging / discharging device that can charge a storage battery using another external power supply even when the storage battery is to be charged at night without sunlight.

[0011]

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar battery charging / discharging apparatus, comprising: a solar battery; and a power generation device for detecting and displaying a power generation state of the solar battery. A display circuit, a storage battery for storing the generated power of the solar cell, and connecting the solar cell and the storage battery, or connecting the solar cell and the power generation display circuit, or floating the solar cell And a switch to select and switch between the two, and a backflow prevention diode provided between the solar cell and the storage battery.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the solar battery and the storage battery can be formed integrally, and only the power of the solar battery is taken out by switching the switch.
Alternatively, the electric power generated by the solar cell can be taken out while charging the storage battery, and there is no fear that a backflow will occur. Further, even when the power generation of the solar cell is stopped, power is supplied from the storage battery, so that the power supply is not interrupted.
Further, by switching the switch, the power generation display circuit can be connected to the solar cell, and the power generation display circuit can be turned on only when necessary, thereby saving power consumption.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar battery charging / discharging device, comprising: a solar battery; a storage battery for storing power generated by the solar battery; and a battery remaining for detecting and displaying the remaining power of the storage battery. A quantity display circuit, a switch that connects and connects the storage battery and the solar cell, or connects the storage battery and the remaining battery level display circuit, or switches the storage battery to a floating state, A backflow prevention diode is provided between the solar cell and the storage battery.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the solar battery and the storage battery can be integrally formed. By switching the switch, the solar battery is separated from the storage battery, and only the power of the storage battery is taken out, or the storage battery is charged. While the power generated by the solar cell can be taken out, there is no fear of backflow. Further, even when the power generation of the solar cell is stopped, power is supplied from the storage battery, so that the power supply is not interrupted. Further, by switching the switch, the battery remaining amount display circuit is turned on only when necessary, and power consumption can be saved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar battery charging / discharging device, comprising: a solar battery; a storage battery for storing power generated by the solar battery; and two solar batteries connected in parallel with the solar battery or the storage battery. An output from the solar battery or the storage battery can be taken out, and a power input / output terminal capable of inputting power to the storage battery, and a backflow prevention diode provided between the solar battery and the storage battery. It is characterized by having.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the solar battery and the storage battery can be integrally formed and two power input / output terminals are provided in parallel, so that a plurality of solar battery charging / discharging devices can be easily connected in parallel. And the amount of current can be easily increased. When the solar battery is disconnected from the storage battery, the storage battery can be charged by connecting the power input / output terminal to an external power supply and using the power input / output terminal as a power input port to the storage battery.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the solar battery charging / discharging device according to the third aspect, the power input / output terminal is a jack or an outlet.

According to the invention of claim 4, a normal jack or outlet can be used as the power input / output terminal, and no special power input / output terminal is required.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the solar battery charging / discharging apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, further, a connecting cord in which plugs inserted into the power input / output terminals are respectively connected to both ends of an electric wire. It is characterized by having.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of solar battery charging / discharging devices can be easily connected in parallel by using a connection cord having ordinary plugs provided at both ends of an electric wire.

[0021]

Next, a specific example of an embodiment of a solar cell charge / discharge device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a solar cell charging / discharging apparatus according to the present invention. The apparatus comprises a solar cell 1, a storage battery B, a backflow prevention diode D, a power generation display circuit 2,
It comprises a battery level display circuit 3 and switches SW ₁ and SW ₂ .

A storage battery B is connected to the solar cell 1 to store the power generated by the solar cell 1, and a first switch SW ₁ and a second switch SW ₂ are provided between the solar cell 1 and the storage battery B. And a backflow prevention diode D.

The first switch SW ₁ connects the solar cell 1 to the storage battery B, connects the solar cell 1 to the power generation display circuit 2, or floats the solar cell 1 to no connection. It is configured so that it can be selected. This is one of the features of the present invention in that it differs from the conventional switch.

The left in contact with the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C _11, by contacting the second movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C _21, the generated power of the solar cell 1 The power generated by the solar cell 1 can be taken out and used while being sent to the storage battery B.

In this case, a backflow prevention diode D is provided so that backflow does not occur even if irradiation of light stops and power generation of the solar cell 1 stops. As described above, when the backflow prevention diode D is provided, the solar cell charge / discharge device can be used without having to worry about whether or not the solar cell 1 is generating power, and when the power generation of the solar cell 1 is stopped. However, since power is supplied from the storage battery B via the power input / output terminals J ₁ and J ₂ , power supply is not interrupted.

Further, the movable contact of the first switch SW ₁ is brought into contact with the fixed contact C ₁₁ , and the second switch SW ₂
By the movable contact is brought into contact with the fixed contact C ₂₂ of the battery B to the floating state, it is possible to take out only the power of the solar cell 1 through the power input terminals J _1, J _2.

Further, by bringing the movable contact of the first switch SW ₁ into contact with the fixed contact C ₁₂ , the solar cell 1 can be brought into a floating state, and the solar cell 1 can be stored in the storage battery B and the power input / output terminal J _1. it can be separated from the J _2. Further, by contacting the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C _13, can be connected to the power generation display circuit 2 to the solar cell 1, is lit only power display circuit 2 when necessary, consumption Power can be saved.

On the other hand, a battery level display circuit 3 for detecting and displaying the remaining power level of the storage battery B is connected to the storage battery B. If the battery remaining amount display circuit 3 is connected to the storage battery B and left unconnected, the amount of power stored in the storage battery B is reduced by the amount of power consumed by the battery remaining amount display circuit 3, so that the battery is turned on only when necessary. 2 of the switch SW ₂ is provided fixed contacts C _23. When contacting the movable contact to the fixed contact C _23, since is disconnected from the solar cell and the storage battery B, it can accurately display the remaining battery capacity.

A switch for turning on the battery remaining amount display circuit 3 only when necessary has conventionally existed.
Switch SW ₂ of the opening and closing of the connection between the battery B and the solar cell 1 and the power input and output terminal J _1, J _2, in that it has the function of a storage battery B is in a floating state, structure the conventional switch, functions , Action and effect are different. That is, the second
The can be connected to battery B by contacting the movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C ₂₁ to the solar cell 1 and the power input and output terminal J _1, J _2, battery by contacting the movable contact with the fixed contact C ₂₂ B is put in a floating state, separated from the solar cell 1 and the power input / output terminals J ₁ and J _2, and the movable contact is brought into contact with the fixed contact C ₂₃ to connect the battery remaining amount display circuit 3 to the storage battery B.

[0031] Contacting the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C ₁₁ being in contact with the second movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C _21, the solar cell while charging the battery B can be taken out one of the generated power, is brought into contact with the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C _12, the solar cell 1 is in a floating state, it is possible to take out only the power of the battery B.

Further, one of the features of the present invention is that two power input / output terminals J ₁ and J ₂ are provided in parallel with the solar cell 1 and the storage battery B. Either a jack or an outlet can be used for the power input / output terminals J ₁ and J ₂ .

The power input / output terminals J ₁ and J ₂ are used not only as power outlets but also as power input ports from other external power sources when the storage battery B is to be charged at night without sunlight. . In other words, it leaves a floating state by contacting the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C _12,
By connecting contacting the second movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C _21, the power input and output terminal J ₁ or J ₂ to an external power source, it is possible to charge the battery B.

When two power input / output terminals are provided in parallel, it becomes very easy to connect a plurality of the solar battery charging / discharging devices of the present invention in parallel. When a plurality of solar cell charge / discharge devices are connected in parallel, the amount of current that can be taken out can be increased. For parallel connection, use is made of connection cords in which plugs inserted into the power input / output terminals J ₁ and J ₂ are connected to both ends of the electric wire, respectively.

Next, a method of connecting a plurality of solar cell charge / discharge devices of the present invention in parallel will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of connecting a plurality of the solar cell charging / discharging devices shown in FIG. 1 in parallel. However, for the sake of simplicity, only the power input / output terminals J ₁ and J _{2 of} the solar cell charging / discharging device are shown, and the others are omitted.

The solar cell charging / discharging devices 21, 22, and 23
Arrange them. Plug the connection cord 31 to the power input terminals J ₁₂ and J _22, plugging of the connection cord 32 to the power input terminals J ₂₁ and J _31. This means that the solar battery charging / discharging devices 21, 22, and 23 are connected in parallel. The power output terminals J ₁₁ or J ₃₂ is a power outlet.

[0038] The method of the parallel connection is not limited to the above, plug the connecting cord 31 to the power output terminals J ₁₁ and J _21, the power plug of the connection cord 32 input and output terminals J ₂₂ and J ₃₂ It is the same even if it plugs in. By using the power input / output terminals and the connection cords 31 and 32 having plugs connected to both ends, parallel connection can be easily performed. In FIG. 2, the solar cell charging / discharging device is 3
Although the example in which the plurality of solar cell charging / discharging devices are connected in parallel has been described, parallel connection of four or more solar cell charging / discharging devices may be performed in the same manner.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a first example of an output that can be taken out from the solar cell charging / discharging device of FIG.

In FIG. 1, the first switch SW₁Movable
Fixed contact C₁₁Contact with the second switch
SW_TwoFixed contact C_{twenty one}By contacting
Solar cells 11 to 13 and storage battery B₁~ B_ThreeAre connected in parallel
Is done. In this case, the storage battery B ₁~ B_ThreeCharging while the sun
The generated power of the battery can be taken out.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a second example of the output that can be taken out from the solar cell charging / discharging device of FIG.

[0042] In FIG 1 left in contact with the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C _11, the storage battery by contacting the second movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C ₂₂ B
Is floated, only the generated power of the solar cells 11 to 13 can be taken out.

FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a third example of the output that can be taken out from the solar cell charging / discharging device of FIG.

[0044] In FIG. 1 by contacting the first movable contact of the switch SW ₁ to the fixed contact C ₁₂ leave the solar cell in suspension, contacting the second movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C ₂₁ it makes it possible to take out the power of the battery B ₁ ~B _3.

[0045] When the charging of the battery B is completed, it is preferable to the battery B by contacting the second movable contact of the switch SW ₂ to the fixed contact C ₂₂ in a floating state. However, by using a storage battery that is resistant to overcharge as the storage battery B, the self-discharge of the storage battery B is compensated for and the full charge is maintained, so that the supplementary charging can be continued by sunlight without opening the circuit.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Solving the problem of current backflow, it is possible to take out only the generated power of the solar cell, take out the generated power of the solar cell while charging the storage battery, or take out only the power of the storage battery, there is no sunlight It is possible to provide a solar battery charging / discharging device that can charge a storage battery using another external power supply even at night and can easily increase the current supply capacity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of a solar cell charge / discharge device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of connecting a plurality of solar cell charge / discharge devices of FIG. 1 in parallel.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a first example of an output that can be taken out from the solar cell charge / discharge device of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a second example of an output that can be extracted from the solar cell charge / discharge device of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing a third example of an output that can be extracted from the solar cell charge / discharge device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional solar cell and a charge / discharge device thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Solar cell 2 power display circuit 3 battery level circuit 4a, 4b outlet 5a, 5b attachment plug 11 to 13 solar cells 21 to 23 codes for a solar cell rechargeable device 31-32 connected B battery B ₁ .about.B ₃ battery C ₁₁ -C ₁₃ fixed contact C ₂₁ -C ₂₃ fixed contact D blocking diode D ₁ to D ₃ blocking diode J _1, J ₂ power output terminals J ₁₁ through J ₃₁ power input and output terminal J ₁₂ through J ₃₂ power input output terminal SW ₁ to SW ₃ switches T _1, T ₂ output terminal

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A solar cell, a power generation display circuit that detects and displays a power generation state of the solar cell, a storage battery that stores power generated by the solar cell, and whether the solar cell and the storage battery are connected. Or, a switch that connects and connects the solar cell and the power generation display circuit, or switches the solar cell to a floating state, and a backflow prevention diode provided between the solar cell and the storage battery A solar cell charging / discharging device comprising: 2. A solar battery, a storage battery for storing power generated by the solar battery, a battery remaining amount display circuit for detecting and displaying the remaining power of the storage battery, and connecting the storage battery and the solar battery. Or a switch for selecting and connecting between the storage battery and the remaining battery level display circuit or setting the storage battery in a floating state, and a backflow prevention provided between the solar battery and the storage battery. A solar cell charge / discharge device comprising a diode. 3. A solar cell, a storage battery for storing the generated power of the solar cell, and two solar cells or the storage battery are connected in parallel with each other, and an output from the solar cell or the storage battery can be taken out. And a power input / output terminal capable of inputting power to the storage battery and a backflow prevention diode provided between the solar battery and the storage battery. 4. The solar cell charging / discharging device according to claim 3, wherein the power input / output terminal is a jack or an outlet. 5. The solar cell charging / discharging device according to claim 3, wherein the plug inserted into the power input / output terminal further includes connection cords connected to both ends of the electric wire.