JP2002021266A - Flat roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat roof structure with great strength, scarcely susceptible to wind and capable of being adopted in a snowy area. SOLUTION: A photovoltaic panel (sheet body) 14a has a drainage slope of about 10/100 so as to make water flow to the south, and the height from the surface of a flat roof body R to the upper end of the panel 14a is taken as about 340 mm.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flat roof structure in which a planar body is attached to a flat roof main body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a flat roof structure in which a solar cell panel (plane) is attached to a flat roof body of a building,
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-177272, peaks and valleys are alternately formed, and a folded-plate roof in which shoulders are formed on both shoulders of the ridges, and are laterally protruded between a pair of ridges. There is described a flat roof structure in which two fitting members are attached in two rows so that a total of four fitting members are fixed, and a solar cell panel is fixed to the fitting members.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-177 is disclosed.
In the case of the flat roof structure in Japanese Patent No. 272, the solar panel can be attached without providing a through-hole in the folded-plate roof, so that the rain-closing performance is not reduced,
In addition, the installation work was simple. However,
There is no description on the water gradient of the solar panel or the height of the upper end from the flat roof body, and no consideration was given to wind load on the building. In addition, it is difficult to use folded-plate roofs in snowy areas. Furthermore, since the folded-plate roof is fixed to the small beams and joists spanned between the opposing ceiling girders, the gantry is fixed to the ceiling girders via the small beams and ceiling joists. Therefore, in order to firmly fix the gantry to the building, it is necessary to enlarge the cross sections of the beams and ceiling joists, which is not economical.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a flat roof structure which is less affected by wind, has high strength, and can be used in snowy areas. I have.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a flat roof having a flat body attached to a flat roof main body, wherein the flat body has a thickness of 1/100 or more.
A flat roof structure characterized by having a water gradient of 100 or less and a height from the surface of the flat roof body to the upper end of the planar body being 600 mm or less.

The flat roof body of the present invention may be formed by supporting a lightweight cellular concrete board, an extruded cement board, or the like with a ceiling girder, or a folded-plate roof. Examples of the planar body of the present invention include a solar cell panel, a solar water heater, and a skylight. If the water gradient of the planar body is smaller than 1/100, rainwater or the like will accumulate on the surface of the planar body, causing dirt or the like. On the other hand, if the water gradient is larger than 20/100, the wind load in the horizontal direction increases, and the horizontal strength load on the building increases. In addition, when the height from the surface of the flat roof body to the upper end of the planar body is larger than 600 mm, the horizontal wind load is increased, and the height of the building is increased. The risk of exceeding the height limit increases.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the flat roof main body is formed by laminating a waterproof sheet on a cement board, and the peripheral edge of the flat roof main body is A flat roof structure comprising a parapet and a working space provided between the parapet and the planar body.

[0008] The flat roof of the present invention is preferably provided with a waterproof sheet integrated on the upper surface of a cement plate supported by a ceiling beam. As the cement board, lightweight cellular concrete, extruded cement board, or the like can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use lightweight cellular concrete because the workability is good and the weight of the flat roof can be reduced. As the waterproof sheet, those made of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin have good workability and waterproof performance, and can be suitably used.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, a plurality of the planar bodies are attached, and a work space is provided in contact with a lower side and an upper side of the planar bodies. It is a flat roof structure characterized by being provided.

[0010] The invention according to claim 4 is based on claim 1,
The invention according to 2 or 3, wherein the direction of the water gradient of the flat roof main body and the direction of the water gradient of the planar body are substantially the same.

In the present invention, the water gradient of the flat roof main body is 1
If it is / 100 or more, the surface of the flat roof main body and the surface of the planar body may be parallel.

[0012] The invention according to claim 5 is based on claim 1,
In the invention of 2, 3, or 4, the flat roof main body is supported by a ceiling girder, and a plurality of pedestals made of a beam material having legs at both ends are fixed to each other by fixing the legs to the ceiling girder. A flat roof structure which is attached substantially in parallel, and the planar body is hung over and fixed to a gantry.

In the present invention, the method of fixing the legs of the gantry to the ceiling girders is as follows.
It may be fixed using a nut or the like, or may be fixed to a ceiling beam using bolts and nuts via a fixing bracket or the like. In the case where a fixing bracket or the like is used, it is preferable to install the legs just above the ceiling girders from the viewpoint of strength.

As the beam material forming the gantry of the present invention, those having high bending strength and buckling strength are suitable. Specifically, I-beams, H-beams, channel steels and steels having a large growth strength are used. Is suitable.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the fifth aspect, the ceiling girder is rigidly connected by a ceiling girder and a floor girder made of a section steel between upper and lower ends of steel columns at four corners. A flat roof structure characterized by a ceiling beam of a building unit having an assembled box-shaped steel frame.

[0016]

In the flat roof structure according to the first aspect of the present invention,
This is a flat roof in which a planar body is attached to a flat roof main body, and since the planar body has a water gradient of 1/100 or more, rainwater or the like does not stay on the planar body surface. The water gradient of the planar body is 20/100 or less, and the height from the surface of the flat roof main body to the upper end of the planar body is 600 mm or less. Therefore, the horizontal wind load on the planar body is small, and the burden on the building having the flat roof main body in the horizontal direction can be reduced. Also, the height of the building can be kept low.

In the flat roof structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the flat roof body is formed by laminating a waterproof sheet on a cement board, it is sufficient for the snow accumulated on the flat roof body to melt. It can exhibit waterproof performance. Further, the water gradient of the planar body is 1/100 or more and 20/10
Since it is set to 0 or less, even if snow is piled on the planar body, the force of the snow to slide down from the planar body is small. Also,
Parapets are provided on the periphery of the flat roof body,
A work space is provided between the parapet and the sheet. That is, since the work space and the parapet serve as snow stoppers, the snow on the flat roof main body does not climb over the parapet and fall to the ground, and is suitable as a snow-free roof in snowy areas.

In the flat roof structure according to the third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of planar bodies are attached, and a work space is provided in contact with lower and upper sides of the planar bodies. Therefore, the mounting work of the planar body can be easily performed, and the maintenance of the planar body can be simplified. If the water gradient of the planar bodies is set so that water flows to the south, the planar bodies do not cast a shadow on each other.

In the flat roof structure according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the direction of the water gradient of the main body of the flat roof and the direction of the water gradient of the planar body are substantially the same. Therefore, it is easy to secure the water gradient of the planar body. In addition, since the flow direction of the water on the flat roof main body is the same as the flow direction of the water flowing down from the planar body, the drainage on the flat roof main body can be performed smoothly.

In the flat roof structure according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the main body of the flat roof is supported by the ceiling girders, and a plurality of pedestals made of a beam material having legs at both ends are connected to the ceiling girders. By being fixed, they are attached substantially parallel to each other, and the planar body is hung over the gantry and fixed. Therefore, the gantry made of the long beam material can be firmly fixed to the building having the flat roof main body. In addition, the planar body can be stably mounted by straddling the beam members of the plurality of frames.

In the flat roof structure according to the present invention, the ceiling girder has a box-shaped structure in which the upper and lower ends of the steel pillars at the four corners are rigidly connected to each other by a ceiling girder and a floor girder made of shaped steel. It is a girder ceiling of a building unit having a steel frame. Therefore, since the length of the beam member is determined by the type of the building unit, the gantry can be configured with a small number of components. Further, since the gantry can be firmly fixed to the building unit, the gantry can be firmly fixed to a unit building formed by arranging the building units adjacent to each other.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the flat roof structure of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II, and FIG. 3 is a horizontal plan view showing an arrangement of the solar cell panel in FIG. 4 shows a gantry used in FIG. 1, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, FIG. 5 shows another gantry used in FIG. 1, (a) is a front view, (b) Is a side view. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the bolt used in FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a construction method of the flat roof structure of FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a construction method of the bolt of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, six sets of photovoltaic panels (planes) 14a are attached to a flat roof body R of a unit building S consisting of building units U. The solar cell panel 14a has a water gradient direction (length) of about 800 mm and a width of about 1200 mm. Flat roof body R and solar panel 1
4a, a water gradient is provided so that water flows to the south side indicated by the arrow. Also, as shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell panel 14a is provided with a water gradient of about 10/100 so that water flows toward the south.
From the surface to the upper end of the solar cell panel 14a is approximately 340 mm. Further, the flat roof main body R is formed by laminating a waterproof sheet 25a on a lightweight cellular concrete board (cement board) 25, and a parapet 3 is provided on the periphery of the flat roof main body R. Also,
As shown in FIG. 3, the parapet 3 and the solar cell panel 14
a, working spaces R2, R1, R2 are provided. Further, a work space R3 is provided between the lower side of the solar cell panel 14a and the upper side of the solar cell panel 14a adjacent to the south. The width of the work space R1 is approximately 400 mm, and the width of the work space R2 is approximately 500 m
m, the width of the work space R3 is approximately 500 mm, which is a space sufficient for a person to move or work.

The unit building S having the flat roof body R is
A plurality of building units U each having a box-shaped steel frame assembled by assembling the ceiling girders 21 and the floor girders (not shown) between the upper and lower ends of the steel columns at the four corners (not shown), respectively, are rigidly connected. It was formed as follows.

The main body R of the flat roof is provided with
A lightweight cellular concrete plate 25 is placed and fixed on a plurality of roof beams 23 extending in parallel between 21, and an integrated waterproof sheet 25a is formed on the upper surface thereof. The roof beam 23 is provided with mounting brackets 23a at both ends, and the mounting brackets 23a are fixed to the upper flange of the ceiling beam 21 with bolts and nuts 52 via the north spacer 22A and the south spacer 22B. ing. Reinforcement hardware 24 is provided on both sides of the lightweight cellular concrete plate 25 on both sides thereof.
4 is fixed to the spacer 22 by bolts and nuts 52. The waterproof sheet 25 a extends to the upper surface of the reinforcing hardware 24. Here, the height of the spacer 22A is approximately 1
The height of the spacer 22B is about 150 mm, and the lightweight cellular concrete plate 25 is provided with a water gradient of about 2/100 so that water flows to the south.

A plurality of ceiling joists 26 are fixed in parallel on the lower flanges of the ceiling girders 21 and 21 with screws (not shown), and a gypsum board 27 is provided below the ceiling joists 26.
Are fixed with nails (not shown) to form the ceiling 2. Here, as shown in FIG.
A receiving bar 26 a is provided between 6 and the ceiling girders 21 to reinforce the end of the gypsum board 27.

As for the outer wall 4, an outer wall panel 41 is fixed to the outer side of a stud 42 fixed to the ceiling girder 21 and the floor girder at the top and bottom, and an inner wall panel 43 to which a gypsum board is fixed is attached to the inside of the frame. It is formed by standing upright.

A parapet 3 is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end of the building S. In the parapet 3, the mounting bracket 31 is fixed to the outside of the ceiling girders 21 with bolts and nuts 52,
The decorative plate 32 is attached to the tip of the mounting bracket 31. As shown in FIG. 1, a roof gutter 33 is formed between the upper end of the decorative plate 32 and the reinforcing hardware 24, and a vertical gutter 34 hangs from the roof gutter 33. An eaves ceiling 35 made of rock wool extends from the lower end of the decorative board 32 toward the outer wall.

The gantry 1b, 1a, 1a, 1c is provided in parallel with the flat roof main body R of the building S formed as described above. Also, two sets of solar cell panels 14a are provided between the mounts 1b and 1a, two sets of solar cell panels 14a are provided between the mounts 1a and 1a, and the solar cells are provided between the mounts 1a and 1c. The panel 14a has two sets and a total of six sets, using the lower fixed plate 13a and the upper fixed plate 13b,
Mounted at the same angle.

As shown in FIG. 4, the gantry 1a is a beam 1 made of channel steel and having a thickness of 150 mm and a length of about 2000 mm.
Legs 1 of approximately 65 mm height at both ends of lower flange 1
2, 12 are provided, and bolt insertion holes 11b, 11b are provided in alignment with the legs 12, 12, respectively. In addition, a total of five buckling stoppers 11 a are provided on both sides of the bolt insertion hole 11 b and the intermediate portion of the beam 11. The buckling stopper 11a is welded to the upper and lower flanges of the beam 11 and the web. Further, a total of four rectangular mounting plates 15 are mounted on the upper surface of the upper flange of the beam member 11. At both ends of the mounting plate 15, bolt insertion holes 15a, 15a are provided. The leg portion 12 is formed by fixing a square fixing plate 12a to the lower end of a steel square pipe by welding. Also,
A bolt insertion hole 12b is provided at the center of the fixing plate 12a.

As shown in FIG. 5, the gantry 1b is
In addition to the configuration described above, an auxiliary plate 12c having a right-angled triangle extends perpendicularly to the beam 11 from the web of the beam 11, and a leg 12 is also provided at the tip thereof. The gantry 1c is obtained by reversing the front and rear of the gantry 1b. Since the gantry 1b, 1c is formed as described above, the gantry 1b, 1c is provided in parallel with the gantry 1a interposed therebetween, and even if a force in the direction perpendicular to the beam 11 is applied to the beam 11, They can support each other and oppose that force.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bolt 51 has a flange 512 at an intermediate portion of the bolt body 511, and a waterproof sheet piece 519 provided with a bolt insertion hole at the center on the upper surface of the flange 512 is placed. The waterproof sheet piece 51
9 are seat plates 516, 51 using nuts 514, 515.
7 and 518 are pressed against the upper surface of the flange 512. A spring washer 515a is inserted between the nut 515 and the seat plate 516 to prevent loosening.

As shown in FIG. 8, the bolt 51 is applied in the bolt insertion hole 24 provided on the upper surface of the reinforcing hardware 24.
A notch 25b is provided in the upper waterproof sheet 25a, and the lower end of the bolt body 511 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 24a.
The bolt body 511 is fixed to the reinforcing metal fitting 24 by screwing a nut from the lower end of the bolt body 511. At this time, the lower surface of the flange 512 is pressed against the waterproof sheet 25a to exhibit a waterproof function. Next, the waterproof sheet piece 519 is placed on the upper surface of the flange 512, and the waterproof sheet piece 5
19 are seat plates 516, 51 using nuts 514, 515.
7 and 518 press against the upper surface of the flange 512. A spring washer 515a is inserted between the nut 515 and the seat plate 516 to prevent loosening. Furthermore, by attaching the waterproof sheet piece 519 to the waterproof sheet 25a, double waterproofing can be achieved.

As described above, since the waterproof sheet 25a provided with the notch 25b can be waterproofed by the flange 512, the rain closing work can be performed in a short time. In addition, since waterproofing can be performed by the waterproof sheet piece 519 in addition to the waterproofing by the flange 512, the reliability of the rain break can be improved.

Next, the construction method of the flat roof structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The mounting method of the gantry 1c is the gantry 1.
The description is omitted because it is the same as the construction method of b. First, the bolt 51 is fixed to a predetermined position on the flat roof main body R to perform waterproofing. Next, using the bolts 51, the gantry 1a, 1b
Is fixed. The gantry 1a passes through the bolt insertion hole 12b of the fixing plate 12a of the two legs 12 and the bolt insertion hole 11b of the lower flange of the beam 11 at the upper end of the bolt body 511 of the two bolts 51, 1a is placed on the flat roof main body R. In addition, the gantry 1b has a fixing plate 12a of four legs 12 on the upper end of the bolt body 511 of the four bolts 51.
The gantry 1a is placed on the flat roof main body R while passing through the bolt insertion hole 12b of the beam member 11 and the bolt insertion hole 11b of the lower flange of the beam material 11. Further, the nuts 513 are screwed from the upper ends of the bolt bodies 511 to fix the gantry 1a, 1b to the flat roof body R. Thus, the gantry 1b, 1a,
1a and 1c are firmly fixed to the flat roof main body R in parallel. Next, a lower fixing plate 13 is provided between the gantry 1a and the gantry 1b.
a and the upper fixing plate 13b. Lower fixing plate 13
a and the upper fixing plate 13b are attached by bolts and nuts 52 using the bolt inserting holes 15a of the mounting plate 15, the bolt inserting holes 131 of the lower fixing plate 13a and the upper fixing plate 13b. Similarly, the lower fixing plate 13a and the upper fixing plate 13b are attached between the gantry 1a and the gantry 1c.

By using the lower fixing plate 13a and the upper fixing plate 13b, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of solar cell panels 14a can be attached to the gantry at a fixed angle and a fixed interval. .

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.

For example, the flat roof body may be a folded-plate roof or another metal roof. Further, concrete may be cast on site. The size of the solar cell panel may be a size obtained by integrating a plurality of the solar cell panels of the present embodiment, or may be a smaller one obtained by dividing the solar cell panel. Further, the planar body is not necessarily limited to a rectangle, and may be a square, a polygon, or a body having arc-shaped sides. Further, the water gradient of the planar body is not limited to the direction in which water flows south. Further, the plurality of planar bodies may have different water gradients. Alternatively, a water gradient may be provided on the planar body by attaching the planar body parallel to the upper surface of the beam and providing a gradient on the beam. In this case, the slope of the beam material may be the same as the water slope of the flat roof body. Further, a planar body may be fixed in parallel with the surface of the flat roof main body without using a gantry, and a water gradient may be provided on the planar body. The number of seat plates and nuts used for the bolts 51 may be one, or two or more.

[0039]

In the flat roof structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, rainwater does not stay on the surface of the planar body.
Dirt on the surface of the planar body can be prevented. Further, the horizontal wind load on the planar body is small, and the load on the building having the flat roof main body in the horizontal direction can be reduced, so that it is not necessary to reinforce the building. In addition, since the height of the building can be kept low, there is little restriction on the height under the Building Standards Law.

In the flat roof structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, sufficient waterproof performance can be exhibited even when the snow piled on the flat roof main body melts, so that it can be used for a building in a snowy area. The water gradient of the planar body is 1/10
Since it is 0 or more and 20/100 or less, even if snow is piled on the sheet, the force of the snow sliding down from the sheet is small. In addition, a parapet is provided at a peripheral portion of the flat roof main body, and a work space is provided between the parapet and the planar body. In other words, since the work space and the parapet serve as snow stoppers, the snow on the flat roof body does not climb over the parapet and fall to the ground, and is suitable as a snow-free land and a snow-free roof.

In the flat roof structure according to the third aspect of the present invention, the work of attaching the planar body can be easily performed, and
Since the maintenance of the planar body can be easily performed, the construction cost can be reduced to a building with a low maintenance cost. If the water gradient of the planar bodies is set so that water flows to the south, the planar bodies do not cast a shadow on each other.
That is, when the planar body is a solar cell panel or a solar water heater, the utilization efficiency of solar energy is not reduced. In the case of a skylight, lighting can be obtained effectively.

In the flat roof structure according to the fourth aspect of the invention, the direction of the water gradient of the flat roof main body and the direction of the water gradient of the planar body are substantially the same. Therefore, it is easy to secure the gradient of the planar body. In addition, since the flow direction of the water on the flat roof main body is the same as the flow direction of the water flowing down from the planar body, the drainage on the flat roof main body can be performed smoothly.

In the flat roof structure according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the gantry made of long beams can be firmly fixed to the building having the flat roof main body. In addition, the planar body can be stably mounted by straddling the beam members of the plurality of frames.

In the flat roof structure according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the length of the beam is determined by the type of the building unit, so that the gantry can be constructed with a small number of parts. Also,
Since the gantry can be firmly fixed to the building unit, the gantry can be firmly fixed to the unit building formed by arranging the building units adjacent to each other.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a flat roof structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal plan view showing an arrangement of the solar cell panel of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a gantry used in FIG. 1, (a) is a front view,
(B) is a side view.

FIGS. 5A and 5B show another stand used in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 5A is a front view and FIG. 5B is a side view.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a bolt used in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a construction method of the flat roof structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a method of installing the bolt of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 R Flat roof body R1, R2, R3 Work space S Unit building U Building unit 1a, 1b, 1c Mount 11 Beam 12 Leg 14a Solar panel (plane) 21 Ceiling beam 25 Lightweight cellular concrete (cement board) 25a Waterproof Sheet 3 Parapet

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A flat roof having a planar body attached to a flat roof main body, wherein the planar body has a water gradient of 1/100 or more and 20/100 or less. A flat roof structure characterized in that the height to the upper end of the body is 600 mm or less. 2. The flat roof main body is formed by laminating a waterproof sheet on a cement plate, and a parapet is provided at a peripheral portion of the flat roof main body. The flat roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a work space is provided between the flat roofs. 3. A plurality of said planar bodies are attached,
The flat roof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a work space is provided in contact with a lower side and an upper side of the planar body. 4. The flat roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the direction of the water gradient of the flat roof main body and the direction of the water gradient of the planar body are substantially the same. 5. The flat roof main body is supported by a ceiling girder, and a plurality of pedestals made of a beam material having legs at both ends are fixed substantially in parallel to each other by fixing the legs to the ceiling girder. The flat roof structure according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, wherein the flat body is hung over the mount and fixed. 6. A ceiling girder of a building unit having a box-shaped steel frame assembled by assembling the ceiling girder rigidly with a ceiling girder and a floor girder between upper and lower ends of steel columns at four corners, respectively. The flat roof structure according to claim 5, wherein: