JP2001354029A - Heat pump type air-conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To preclude air-conditioning performance from being affected even when an engine speed for vehicle traveling is varied. SOLUTION: A refrigerating cycle is formed by being provided with a compressor 11 driven by an electric motor to compress a gaseous refrigerant to be fed, a four-way valve 12 for changing over refrigerant-flowing directions, a heat-exchanger 13 served as both heat-absorption and heat-exhaustion for absorbing or exhausting heat in response to the refrigerant-flowing directions, an expansion valve 14 for pressure-reducing and expanding the liquid refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure, and an evaporator 17 and a condenser 18 arranged to switch selectively passing of the refrigerant by providing solenoid opening and closing valves 15, 16 respectively to conduct heat-exchange with respect to air-conditioning air.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, and more particularly to a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle in which the air conditioning performance is not affected by a change in the number of revolutions of a vehicle running engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an air conditioner for a vehicle, a compressor for a cooling operation is directly driven by an engine (an internal combustion engine) for a vehicle to circulate the refrigerant, and one of engine cooling water as a heat source for a heating operation. In general, a system is used in which a unit is introduced into a hot water heater to utilize engine waste heat. In such a vehicle air conditioner, as a main component of a refrigeration cycle for cooling and dehumidifying (cooling operation) of air to be air-conditioned, a compressor for compressing and sending a gas refrigerant, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant and outside air are used. There is a condenser that exchanges heat (waste heat) between them, an expansion valve that decompresses and expands high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and an evaporator that exchanges heat (heat absorption) between low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant and conditioned air. The circuit is connected by a refrigerant pipe or the like to form a closed circuit in which the refrigerant circulates. In the refrigeration cycle in this case, the flow direction of the refrigerant is constant, the compressor is driven only during the cooling operation to circulate the refrigerant, and the conditioned air that has passed through the evaporator is absorbed and cooled.

[0003]

In a conventional system in which a compressor for cooling operation is directly driven by a vehicle driving engine, the operation of the compressor is strongly affected by an engine speed which changes according to a running state of the vehicle. Will be. Also, even during the heating operation, the engine output changes according to the running state of the vehicle, etc., and as a result, the amount of engine waste heat also changes and may be affected by the temperature and amount of available engine cooling water. is there. In particular, energy saving of engines has been progressing due to recent environmental measures, and the amount of engine waste heat itself tends to decrease.
In other words, the engine speed of a vehicle running engine varies over a wide range from idle operation (low rotation speed) when the vehicle is temporarily stopped at a traffic light or the like to high speed operation (high rotation speed) during high speed driving. Therefore, such a change in the engine speed causes a change in the cooling and heating capacity due to a failure to obtain a desired supply amount of the refrigerant and the hot water, which causes a problem in performing a stable air-conditioning operation. There is a need for a vehicle air conditioner that can provide stable cooling and heating capacity regardless of the state.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle in which the air conditioning performance is not affected even when the rotational speed of a vehicle running engine changes. It is.

[0005]

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. The heat pump type vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 is a compressor driven by an electric motor for compressing and sending gas refrigerant, a four-way valve for switching a refrigerant flow direction, and absorbing or discharging heat according to the refrigerant flow direction. An evaporator and a condenser which are provided with an on-off valve for each of which a heat exchanger for both heat absorption and exhaustion, an expansion valve for decompressing and expanding a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and which are arranged so as to be able to selectively switch the passage of the refrigerant and exchange heat with air-conditioned air. And a refrigeration cycle is formed.

According to such a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, the compressor is driven by the electric motor, so that either one or both of the evaporator for cooling the conditioned air and the condenser for heating the conditioned air are selectively used. Can be supplied to the vehicle, and a stable air-conditioning operation can be performed without being affected by the vehicle driving engine. At this time, when the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched by operating the four-way valve, the heat-exchanger / heat exchanger is either a waste heat heat exchanger (condenser) or an endothermic heat exchanger (evaporator) according to the flow direction. Perform the function of

Further, in the heat pump type vehicle air conditioner described above, the condenser is arranged on the downstream side of the evaporator with the conditioned air, so that the conditioned air selectively passes through either the evaporator or the condenser. A damper mechanism is provided that provides an opening / closing damper to form a flow path and mixes cold air that has passed through the evaporator and hot air that has passed through the condenser at an arbitrary ratio or distributes the air to a plurality of indoor outlets at an arbitrary ratio. It is characterized by that. Further, the heat exchanger for heat absorption and waste heat selects either outside air or inside air to perform heat exchange.

According to such a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, a cooling operation using an evaporator alone, a heating operation using a condenser alone, and conditioned air (cool air) cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator are recycled by the condenser. The dehumidifying and heating operation of heating can be performed. In addition, by using both the evaporator and the condenser, it becomes possible to adjust the blowing temperature for mixing the cold air and the hot air, and to distribute the cold air and the hot air to a plurality of indoor air outlets to blow out. Further, since heat can be exchanged by introducing inside air into the heat exchanger for absorbing and wasting heat, the efficiency of the heat exchanger for absorbing and wasting heat can be improved in heat absorption at a low outside temperature and waste heat at a high outside temperature. Can be.

In this case, during the cooling operation, the supply of the refrigerant is stopped by closing the on-off valve of the condenser, and the heat exchanger for both heat absorption and waste heat is used as a waste heat heat exchanger. In the heating operation, the supply of refrigerant is stopped by closing the on-off valve of the evaporator, and the heat exchanger for heat absorption and waste is used as an endothermic heat exchanger.In the dehumidifying heating operation, the evaporator and the evaporator are used. It is preferable that the open / close valves of the condenser are both opened to supply the refrigerant, and the conditioned air cooled by the evaporator is reheated by the condenser.
Further, when both the evaporator and the condenser are used, depending on the operating conditions, the combined heat and waste heat exchanger may be used as either a waste heat exchanger (condenser) or an endothermic heat exchanger (evaporator). Good. Since the rotation speed of the compressor can be arbitrarily set by controlling the electric motor by a rotation speed control inverter, the air conditioning capacity can be adjusted by easily changing the refrigerant supply amount.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a heat pump type vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a refrigerant system, and 30 denotes normal H.
VAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditionin
g) A temperature control unit called a unit, both of which are connected by a refrigerant pipe 19 described later.

The refrigerant system 10 includes a compressor 11 driven by an electric motor (not shown), a four-way valve 12 having a function of switching the flow direction of the refrigerant, and heat absorption or waste heat depending on the flow direction of the refrigerant. A heat exchanger 13 for both heat absorption and waste,
An expansion valve 14 for decompressing and expanding a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and an evaporator 1 provided with electromagnetic on-off valves 15 and 16 respectively.
7 and a condenser 18. These components are connected by a refrigerant pipe 19 to form a closed circuit refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates and repeats a state change. Reference numeral 20 in the figure indicates an accumulator installed on the upstream side of the compressor 11.

The temperature control unit 30 includes a blower fan 32, an evaporator 17, and a condenser 18 installed in a casing 31. On the upstream side of the blower fan 32, an inside air inlet 34 and an outside air inlet 35 provided with an inside / outside air switching damper 33 are opened as a damper mechanism for selectively switching the conditioned air sucked by the blower fan 32. The inside air introduction port 34 is for introducing air (inside air) in the vehicle compartment, and is opened at an appropriate position in the vehicle compartment via a duct or the like or directly. On the other hand, the outside air inlet 35 is open to communicate with a suitable place outside the vehicle body to introduce air (outside air) outside the vehicle compartment.

The condenser 18 installed in the temperature control unit 30 is disposed on the downstream side of the evaporator 17 in the conditioned air. Therefore, in the casing 31, the blower fan 32, the evaporator 17, and the condenser 18 are arranged in this order from the inside air introduction port 34 and the outside air introduction port 35 side in the flow direction of the conditioned air. Further, in order to form a flow path through which the conditioned air can selectively pass through either the evaporator 17 or the condenser 18, the evaporator 17 and the condenser 18 each have an installation area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the casing 31. A first opening / closing damper 36 and a second opening / closing damper 37 for switching are provided.

That is, a cooling flow path 38 passing through the evaporator 17 and the evaporator 1
And a cooling bypass flow path 39 that bypasses the flow path 7.
Further on the downstream side, a heating flow path 40 passing through the condenser 18 and a heating bypass flow path 41 bypassing the condenser 18 are formed, and these flow paths 38, 39, 4 are formed.
The reference numerals 0 and 41 allow a desired flow path to be selectively switched as needed by the cooperation of the rotary first opening / closing damper 36 and the sliding second opening / closing damper 37. Since the opening degree of both the first damper 36 and the second damper 37 can be adjusted, the first damper 36 and the second damper 37 can be adjusted between the cooling flow path 38 and the cooling bypass flow path 39 and between the heating flow path 40 and the heating bypass flow path 4.
1 can distribute the conditioned air.

Further, the above-described first opening / closing damper 36 and second opening / closing damper 37 have a function of mixing cold air passing through the evaporator 17 and hot air passing through the condenser 18 at an arbitrary ratio according to the opening / closing position. Have. A plurality of indoor air outlets each having a damper that can be independently opened and closed are provided downstream of the casing 31. In the illustrated example, a foot outlet 42 that blows warm air mainly to the feet of the occupant, a defrost outlet 43 that blows hot air mainly toward the windshield to remove fogging, and cool air that is mainly directed to the upper body of the occupant And a face outlet 44 that blows out the air, and each outlet is provided with a foot damper 42a, a defrost damper 43a, and a face damper 44a.

In the illustrated example, a heat exchanger 13 for both heat absorption and waste heat is provided near the inside air inlet 34 and the outside air inlet 35 of the casing 31. In order to allow the air flow passing through the heat exchanger 13 for heat exchange to be exchanged heat to be selected from inside air or outside air, a casing 31 is provided.
The air flow switching dampers 45a, 45b are provided at the upstream end of the air flow switching device. The air flow switching dampers 45a and 45b are opening / closing dampers having a function of closing either the inside air suction port 46 or the outside air suction port 47 and selectively switching the air flow. The heat exchanger 13 also has a forced convection fan 13a, and by operating the forced convection fan 13a, the inside air or the outside air is sucked from the open suction port.

Next, the configuration of the refrigerant system 10 will be described in detail along the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation with reference to FIG. The compressor 11 has a function of compressing a gas refrigerant and sending it to the refrigerant system, and uses an electric motor controlled by a rotation speed control inverter as a drive source. In the case of a vehicle that runs on an internal combustion engine, power of the electric motor is normally supplied from a generator that is driven by the vehicle running engine. If an alternator is adopted as this generator, a constant output is obtained for both the voltage and the current at a predetermined engine speed or higher. For example, if this speed is set to substantially match the idle speed, the Regardless of the running state, stable electric power can always be obtained. In other words, the compressor can be driven stably over a wide range from idling at low engine speed to high-speed running at high engine speed. Further, in the case of a vehicle having a large capacity battery, such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, electric power for driving the compressor 11 may be received from the battery. Also in this case, stable power supply can be obtained regardless of the running state of the vehicle until the battery is discharged to a predetermined value or more.

As described above, since the compressor 11 is driven by the electric motor controlled by the inverter,
Power can be supplied only by connecting the power supply and the compressor 11 with an electric wire. For this reason, the compressor 11
The installation position is not particularly limited as in the case of direct drive by the engine, and can be installed not only in the engine room but also in an appropriate place of the vehicle. In addition, since the inverter-controlled electric motor is used, the number of rotations of the electric motor, that is, the compressor 11 driven by the electric motor is used.
Can be set arbitrarily, so that the capacity of the compressor 11 can be easily adjusted by controlling the number of revolutions.

During the cooling operation, since the electromagnetic on-off valve 16 is fully closed, all of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant sent from the compressor 11 passes through the refrigerant pipe 19 to the four-way valve 12. I will The four-way valve 12 has a function of switching the flow direction of the refrigerant. Specifically, the four-way valve 12 performs a cooling operation (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1) in which a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is guided to the heat exchanger 12 for both absorption and waste heat. It has two positions: a heating operation (indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1) in which the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed and liquefied by the expansion valve 14 is guided to the heat-and-waste heat exchanger 12. Accordingly, during the cooling operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is guided to the heat-and-discharge heat exchanger 12 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. It functions as a waste heat exchanger (condenser) that wastes heat to the passing air. Due to this waste heat, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
After that, it is guided to the electromagnetic expansion valve 14.

The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant guided to the electromagnetic expansion valve 14 adiabatically expands to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 19 a branched from the refrigerant pipe 19. At this time, since the solenoid on-off valve 15 is fully open, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the evaporator 17 and exchanges heat with the conditioned air, and the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes. As a result, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, and is sent to the compressor 11 through the refrigerant pipe 19b and the accumulator 20, while the heat-absorbed conditioned air is cooled to cool air. At this time, by controlling the number of revolutions of the compressor 11 by an inverter, it is possible to adjust the temperature by changing the refrigerant circulation amount.

Hereinafter, the refrigerant circulates through the same route and flows.
The refrigeration cycle is formed by repeating the state change. In addition,
In such a cooling operation, since the flow of the refrigerant into the condenser 18 is cut by closing the electromagnetic on-off valve 16, reheating of the cool air is prevented.

When such a cooling operation is performed, inside air is introduced from the inside air inlet 34 by the operation of the blower fan 32 in the temperature control unit 30, and the entire amount thereof passes through the evaporator 17 to become cool air to generate face air. The air is blown into the vehicle compartment directly from the air outlet 44 or from an air outlet guided through a duct (not shown). At this time, the cooling bypass passage 39 is closed by the first opening / closing damper 36, and the heating passage 40 is closed by the second opening / closing damper 37.
Is closed by And the air flow switching damper 4
5a and 45b close the inside air suction port 46 so that outside air passes through the heat exchanger 13 for both heat and waste heat. If necessary, the inside / outside air switching damper 33 is operated and the outside air inlet 3 is opened.
5 can be opened to air-condition the outside air introduced into the temperature control unit 30, but in such a case, the air flow switching damper 45a is set so that the inside air passes through the heat exchanger 13 for absorption and waste heat. , 45b. With this configuration, even when the outside air temperature is high, heat exchange is performed with the inside air that has been cooled and is lower than the outside air temperature, which is advantageous in terms of heat exchange efficiency.

Next, the flow of the refrigerant during the heating operation will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the middle of a refrigerant pipe 19 connecting the compressor 11 and the four-way valve 12, a refrigerant pipe 19 c branched and connected to the condenser 18 is provided. The refrigerant pipe 19 c guides a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to the condenser 18. An electromagnetic on-off valve 16 is provided in the refrigerant pipe 19c, and the flow of the refrigerant can be selectively switched by opening and closing the electromagnetic on-off valve 16. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that exchanges heat with the condenser 18 heats the conditioned air by waste heat to become a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and is guided to the upstream side of the electromagnetic expansion valve 14 through the refrigerant pipe 19d. As a result, the conditioned air passing through the condenser 18 is heated and becomes hot air. At this time, compressor 1
Inverter control of the number of revolutions of 1 makes it possible to adjust the temperature by changing the amount of circulating refrigerant.

The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant guided to the upstream side of the electromagnetic expansion valve 14 passes through the electromagnetic expansion valve 14 and is adiabatically expanded to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant. During the heating operation, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is closed.
The heat is sent to the heat exchanger 13 for both heat absorption and waste through the second heat exchanger 2. The heat-exchanger / heat exchanger 13 to which the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is supplied,
It functions as an endothermic heat exchanger (evaporator) that absorbs heat from passing air. Due to this heat absorption, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is vaporized to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
It is returned to the compressor 11 via 2 and the accumulator 20.

As described above, during the heating operation, the refrigerant delivered from the compressor 11 is supplied to the electromagnetic on-off valve 16, the condenser 18, the electromagnetic expansion valve 14, the four-way valve 12, the heat exchanger 13 for both heat absorption and waste, and the four-way valve 12 , A refrigerating cycle is formed in which the refrigerant is circulated in the order of the accumulator 20 and returns to the compressor 11 again. The supply of the refrigerant to the evaporator 17 is shut off because the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 is closed, so that re-cooling by the evaporator 17 can be prevented.

When such a heating operation is performed, in the temperature control unit 30, the outside air is introduced from the outside air inlet 35 by the operation of the blower fan 32, and the entire amount thereof passes through the condenser 18 to become hot air, so that the foot is heated. Outlet 42
Alternatively, the air is blown into the vehicle compartment directly from the defrost air outlet 43 or from an air outlet guided through a duct (not shown). At this time, the cooling passage 38 is closed by the first opening / closing damper 36, and the heating bypass passage 41 is closed by the second opening / closing damper 37. The air flow switching dampers 45a and 45b are connected to the outside air inlet 4
7 is closed to allow the inside air to pass through the heat exchanger 13 for heat absorption and waste. With this configuration, even when the outside air temperature is low, the air conditioner can exchange heat with the inside air having a higher temperature than the outside air temperature, which is advantageous in terms of the efficiency of the heat exchanger. It is also possible to operate the inside / outside air switching damper 33 as needed to open the inside air introduction port 34 to air-condition the inside air introduced into the temperature control unit 30. The air flow switching dampers 45a and 45b are operated so that the outside air passes through the heat exchanger 13 for heat.

Finally, the operation at the time of high humidity will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 shows the flow of the refrigerant during the dehumidifying and heating operation. In this case, the difference from the cooling operation and the heating operation described above is that both the electromagnetic on-off valves 15 and 16 are open. Therefore, the evaporator 17 and the condenser 18 both receive the supply of the refrigerant and receive heat from the heat exchanger. Function as

The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant sent from the compressor 11 flows into a refrigerant flow path 19c passing through the solenoid on-off valve 16 and the condenser 18, waste heat in the condenser 18 and heat the conditioned air passing therethrough. At this time, the compressor 11
The refrigerant flow path 19 extending from the valve to the four-way valve 12 is closed at the four-way valve 12. The refrigerant that has become a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the condenser 18 is guided to the upstream side of the electromagnetic expansion valve 14 through the refrigerant flow path 19d, and passes through the electromagnetic expansion valve 14 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant. Thereafter, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the four-way valve 12 and the refrigerant flow path 19 toward the heat-exchanger 13, the electromagnetic on-off valve 15 and the evaporator 17.
And a refrigerant flow path 19a passing through.

That is, the evaporator 17 and the heat exchanger 13 for both heat absorption and waste heat are heat exchangers that receive the supply of the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant and absorb heat. In other words, since two heat exchangers (evaporators) having a heat absorbing function are arranged in parallel, it is possible to improve the heat absorbing ability to vaporize a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant and convert it to a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. . The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant thus joined is returned to the compressor 11 through the accumulator 20 after being merged, and thereafter circulates through the refrigeration cycle by following the same route.

Temperature control unit 3 during dehumidifying and heating operation described above
At 0, the first opening / closing damper 36 is operated to open the cooling channel 38, and the introduced conditioned air passes through the evaporator 17 to be cooled and dehumidified. The air-conditioned air that has been cooled and dehumidified in this way is guided to the opened heating flow path 40 by operating the second on-off valve 37, passes through the condenser 18, and is reheated. Therefore, the conditioned air of the cool air once cooled to low humidity is reheated, so that the conditioned air becomes hot air of low humidity and becomes the foot air outlet 42 and the defrost air outlet 4.
3. At this time, since the heat exchangers on the heat-absorbing side are arranged in parallel, a high heat-absorbing capacity can be obtained even when the outside air temperature is low, which is effective for improving the heating capacity. Also in this case, by controlling the number of revolutions of the compressor 11 by the inverter, it is possible to adjust the temperature by changing the refrigerant circulation amount.

FIG. 5 shows a cooling operation in which condensers functioning as heat exchangers on the waste heat side are arranged in parallel. In this case, the point that both the electromagnetic on-off valves 15 and 16 are open is the same as in the heating and dehumidifying operation in FIG. 4, but the state of the refrigerant supplied to the waste heat heat exchanger 13 by operating the four-way valve 12 is changed. Is different. That is, in the case of FIG. 4, a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is supplied, whereas in the operation of FIG. 5, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is supplied. In this way, since the condenser 18 and the heat-absorption / exhaust heat exchanger 13 both having the waste heat function are arranged in parallel, the waste heat capacity of the refrigeration cycle can be improved. This is effective for improving the heat absorbing (cooling) capability of the evaporator 17 forming the cycle.

In such a cooling operation, it is necessary to open at least a part of the heating channel 40 so that the conditioned air can pass through the condenser 18. When the heating flow path 40 is opened in this manner, the warm air is mixed with the cold air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator 17, so that the compressor 11
In addition to the inverter control described above, the temperature of the blown air can be adjusted by the opening degree of the second opening / closing damper 37.

Further, in the air-conditioning operation shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a "bi-level blowing mode" for realizing the heat of the cold head, which is a feature of the air conditioner for a vehicle, becomes possible. In this case, the opening degree of the second opening / closing damper 37 is adjusted, and a part of the cool air cooled by the evaporator 17 becomes the mainstream and the face outlet 4
4, another cold air passes through the condenser 40 and is reheated, and then goes to the foot outlet 42.

The evaporator 17 and the condenser 1
In the air-conditioning operation in which both the heat exchangers 8 function as heat exchangers, whether the heat exchanger 13 for heat absorption and waste functions as heat exchanger of heat absorption or waste heat may be appropriately selected according to various operating conditions. In this case, if the temperature control unit 30 is in the outside air introduction mode, the air flow for heat exchange uses inside air,
If the temperature control unit 30 is in the inside air introduction mode, it is preferable to use outside air.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the temperature control unit 30 and the heat exchanger 13 for both heat absorption and waste, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the temperature control unit 30. In the illustrated example, the temperature control unit 30 is installed in a rear trunk room of a sedan type vehicle. In this case, the compressor 11
The refrigerant system 10 may also be installed at the rear of the vehicle body and connected to a generator installed in an engine room at the front of the vehicle body by an electric wire to receive power. The outlets 42, 43, and 44 of the temperature control unit 30 may be connected to a desired outlet position provided in the vehicle compartment via a duct (not shown).

Alternatively, the temperature control unit 30 is installed in an instrument panel at the front of the vehicle compartment, and a refrigerant system such as the compressor 11 is installed at the rear of the vehicle body. A configuration is also possible in which the temperature is supplied and the temperature control unit 30 and the refrigerant system 10 are connected by the refrigerant pipe 19.

[0037]

According to the heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle of the present invention described above, the following effects can be obtained. (1) The air-conditioning air blowing temperature and humidity are arbitrarily adjusted by a single heat pump mechanism to perform cooling / dehumidifying operation.
A heat pump type vehicle air conditioner capable of performing a heating operation and a dehumidifying heating operation can be provided. (2) Since the compressor driven by the electric motor is employed, stable air-conditioning operation can be performed regardless of the running state of the vehicle. In addition, since it is sufficient to connect the power supply to the power supply with an electric wire, the degree of freedom in designing the arrangement of the compressor and the refrigerant system can be increased. (3) Since the inverter control is adopted for the electric motor, the rotation speed of the compressor can be easily controlled, and the temperature of the conditioned air can be easily controlled by adjusting the supply amount of the refrigerant. (4) Since the inside air can be introduced as the heat exchange airflow of the heat exchanger for both heat absorption and waste heat, the temperature of the low-temperature heat source at the time of the low outside air temperature is increased, and the temperature of the high-temperature heat source at the time of the high outside air temperature is lowered. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of heat exchange and eliminate the capacity shortage when the heat load is large.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a heat pump type vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a refrigerant flow when the heat pump type vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 1 performs a cooling operation.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing a refrigerant flow when the heat pump type vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 1 is operated for heating.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing a refrigerant flow when the heat pump type vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 1 is operated in a dehumidifying and heating operation.

5 is a system diagram showing a refrigerant flow when the heat pump type vehicle air conditioner of FIG. 1 performs a cooling operation with a waste heat side heat exchanger arranged in parallel.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing an on-vehicle example of the temperature control unit and the heat exchanger for heat absorption and waste according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a side view, and FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration example of a temperature control unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Refrigerant system 11 Compressor 12 Four-way valve 13 Heat exchanger for both heat absorption and waste 14 Electromagnetic expansion valve (expansion valve) 15, 16 Electromagnetic on-off valve 17 Evaporator 18 Capacitor 19 Refrigerant pipe 30 Temperature control unit 31 Casing 32 Blower fan 33 Internal / external air switching Damper 34 Inside air inlet 35 Outside air inlet 36 First opening / closing damper 37 Second opening / closing damper 38 Cooling channel 39 Cooling bypass channel 40 Heating channel 41 Heating bypass channel 42 Foot outlet 43 Defrost outlet 44 Face outlet 45a , 45b Air flow switching damper 46 Inside air suction port 47 Outside air suction port

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A compressor driven by an electric motor for compressing and sending gas refrigerant, a four-way valve for switching a refrigerant flow direction, and a heat exchanger for both heat absorption and waste heat absorption or waste heat depending on the refrigerant flow direction, A refrigeration cycle was formed comprising an expansion valve that decompresses and expands a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and an evaporator and a condenser that are provided with respective on-off valves and are arranged so that the passage of the refrigerant can be selectively switched and exchange heat with conditioned air. A heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle. 2. The flow path is formed by disposing the condenser on the downstream side of the evaporator air-conditioned air, and providing an opening / closing damper so that the air-conditioned air selectively passes through either the evaporator or the condenser. With
The damper mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a damper mechanism that mixes the cold air that has passed through the evaporator and the hot air that has passed through the condenser at an arbitrary ratio or distributes the air to a plurality of indoor outlets at an arbitrary ratio. Heat pump type air conditioner for vehicles. 3. The air conditioner for a heat pump type vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger for heat absorption and waste heat selects one of outside air and inside air for heat exchange. 4. A cooling operation, wherein an on-off valve of the condenser is closed to stop supply of refrigerant, and the heat exchanger for absorbing and waste heat is used as a waste heat exchanger. A heat pump type vehicle air conditioner according to any one of the above. 5. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein, during a heating operation, the on-off valve of the evaporator is closed to stop the supply of the refrigerant, and the heat exchanger for both heat absorption and waste heat is used as a heat absorption heat exchanger. The heat pump type vehicle air conditioner according to any one of the above. 6. The dehumidifying and heating operation, wherein the on-off valves of the evaporator and the condenser are both opened to supply a refrigerant, and the conditioned air cooled by the evaporator is reheated by the condenser. The air conditioner for a heat pump type vehicle according to the above. 7. The air conditioner for a heat pump type vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the compressor is arbitrarily set by controlling an electric motor by a rotation speed control inverter. apparatus.