JP2001324380A - Shaft vibration abnormality diagnostic device for rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To monitor abnormality of shaft vibration based on a determination value changed corresponding to a factor giving a change to the shaft vibration, and to specify the cause of the abnormality. SOLUTION: This diagnostic device is equipped with a transmission data input means 23 for reading a vibration value and process value data, a rotational frequency-load state determination means 24 for determining the rotational frequency and the load state, a vibration abnormality determination means 29 for determining the vibration abnormality by comparing the determination value for vibration abnormality detection with the vibration value, a vibration state determination means 34 for determining the state by comparing the determination value for vibration state determination with the vibration value, a process state determination means 39 for determining the state by comparing the determination value for process state determination with the process value, and an abnormal vibration diagnostic device 41 for diagnosing the cause of abnormal vibration from the determination result of the vibration state and the determination result of the process state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing shaft vibration abnormality of a rotary machine which monitors a shaft vibration abnormality by distinguishing between a change in shaft vibration due to a change in operating conditions and an increase in shaft vibration due to the occurrence of an abnormality. Related to the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many abnormalities observed during the operation of a rotary machine such as a steam turbine appear as changes in shaft vibration. Since excessive shaft vibration makes it difficult to continue the operation of the rotary machine, efforts have been made to grasp changes in shaft vibration using monitoring means. The signs of change are frequency, vibration amplitude,
The observer makes a decision based on the value obtained by the detector, such as the rate of change. Further, an alarm value or an automatic trip value is set in advance to prepare for an excessive change in vibration.

FIG. 12 shows an example of the shaft vibration monitoring device. The turbine system includes a high- and medium-pressure turbine 1 and a low-pressure turbine 2, to which a generator 3 is directly connected. High,
The rotors and rotors (not shown) of the intermediate pressure turbine 1, the low pressure turbine 2, and the generator 3 are supported by bearings 4. Further, a shaft vibration sensor 5 is arranged for each bearing 4. Further, a tachometer 6 for detecting the rotation speed of the rotor and a phase reference pulse detector 7 for detecting the phase of the shaft vibration are arranged.

In the above configuration, a vibration signal from each shaft vibration sensor 5 is input to a vibration monitoring device 8. The rotation speed signal from the tachometer 6 and the phase signal from the phase reference pulse detector 7 are input to the operation monitoring device 9 together with some process state signals indicating the operation state of the plant. Based on the given vibration signal, the vibration monitoring device 8 supplies a signal to the alarm device 10 to notify an abnormality according to the threshold value, and the alarm device 10 outputs an alarm signal.

Further, the operation monitoring device 9 provides an alarm signal to an alarm device 10 to notify an abnormality in accordance with a threshold value based on each signal provided, and the alarm device 10 outputs an alarm signal. Alternatively, a supervisor makes a judgment based on the detection signals given, and outputs a trip signal from the control device to stop the plant. The detected signals and the like are input to the recorder 11.

[0006]

By the way, it is known that the shaft vibration value greatly changes with the fluctuation of the load, the number of rotations, etc. of the rotating machine which causes the rotation shaft to vibrate. In each of the turbines 1 and 2 and the generator 3 as well, it is inevitable that the operating conditions change due to external factors such as load fluctuations, and the shaft vibration value changes each time the operating conditions change.

[0007] In the case of detecting the above-mentioned shaft vibration value and finding abnormal vibration by comparing with a threshold value for monitoring the shaft vibration abnormality, if the shaft vibration changes due to a change in the operating condition, or It is difficult to clearly distinguish the shaft vibration that has started to increase due to the occurrence or deterioration of the vibration, and there is a possibility of making a mistake in the diagnosis of abnormal vibration.

In addition, it is difficult to accurately determine whether such a change in shaft vibration is due to one of the above-mentioned causes or both, when detecting the vibration, and it takes much time to identify the cause. You have to spend time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to monitor a shaft vibration abnormality based on a judgment value changed according to a factor causing a change in the shaft vibration and to specify a cause of the abnormality in a shaft vibration abnormality diagnosis apparatus for a rotary machine. Is to provide.

[0010]

An apparatus for diagnosing abnormal shaft vibration according to the present invention is based on a vibration signal supplied from a detector for detecting shaft vibration of a rotating body. A vibration process measuring device that calculates an amplitude value and a phase angle, and calculates and stores a process value based on a process state signal given from a sensor that measures the state of a plant, and measurement data for the vibration process measuring device. And a transmission data input unit for reading each data supplied from the vibration process measuring instrument.

The diagnostic apparatus includes a vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means for storing a vibration abnormality detection determination value for the rotating body determined for each rotation speed and load state, and a vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means. Vibration abnormality detection judgment value storage means for storing the given vibration abnormality detection judgment value, and vibration abnormality detection reading the vibration abnormality detection judgment value from the vibration abnormality detection judgment value storage means according to the detected plant state. And a vibration abnormality determining means for comparing the vibration abnormality detection determination value provided from the vibration abnormality detection determination value extracting means with the vibration value from the transmission data input means to determine a vibration abnormality. Is provided.

The diagnostic apparatus includes a vibration state calculating means for calculating a state change of a vibration value given from a transmission data input means, and a vibration for storing a determination value for determining a vibration state of a rotor determined for each rotation speed and load state. State determination value storage means, vibration state determination value storage means for storing the vibration state determination value given from the vibration state determination value storage means, and vibration state determination according to the detected plant state A determination value extracting means for reading a vibration state determination value stored in the value storage means, and a determination value for the vibration state determination provided from the determination value extracting means for the vibration state determination and a transmission data input means. And vibration state determination means for comparing the vibration value with the vibration value to determine the state.

Further, the diagnostic apparatus includes a process state calculating means for calculating a state change of a process value provided from the transmission data input means, and a process state determining means for storing a process state determining value determined for each rotation speed and load state. Determination value storage means, process state determination value storage means for storing a process state determination value provided from the process state determination value storage means, and process state determination value storage in accordance with a detected plant state. Means for extracting a judgment value for process state judgment stored in the means, a judgment value for process state judgment, a judgment value for process state judgment given from the judgment means for judgment value for process state judgment, and a process from the transmission data input means. A process state determination unit that determines a state by comparing the value with a value.

The diagnostic apparatus further includes abnormal vibration diagnosing means for diagnosing the cause of the abnormal vibration generated in the rotating body based on the judgment result of the vibration state judging means and the judgment result of the process state judging means.

In the diagnostic apparatus having the above configuration, the judgment value for vibration abnormality detection, the judgment value for vibration state judgment, and the judgment value for process state judgment are switched according to the state of the plant. The vibration abnormality determination means compares the vibration abnormality detection determination value with the detected vibration value to determine abnormality in vibration. The vibration state determination means compares the determination value for vibration state determination with the detected vibration value to determine the vibration state, and the process state determination means compares the determination value for process state determination with the detected process state value. To determine the process status. Further, the abnormal vibration diagnosis means diagnoses the cause of the vibration generated in the rotating body based on the judgment result obtained by each judgment means.

According to such a diagnostic apparatus, it is possible to determine an abnormality in vibration based on a determination value obtained according to a state of a plant, and to detect abnormality in shaft vibration with high accuracy. Become. Further, the vibration state and the process state can be determined based on the determination values obtained according to the state of the plant, and the cause of the abnormality can be accurately specified.

Further, the present invention desirably includes a rotation speed / load state determination means for determining the rotation speed and load state of the rotating body, and wherein the vibration abnormality determination means is determined by the rotation speed / load state determination means. The vibration abnormality is determined on the basis of the vibration abnormality detection determination value obtained according to the state.

According to the diagnostic apparatus having the above configuration, it is possible to determine the vibration abnormality based on the vibration abnormality detection determination value obtained according to the rotational speed and the load. This makes it possible to find abnormalities in shaft vibration while maintaining high accuracy.

Further, in the present invention, preferably, the vibration state judging means judges the vibration state based on a judgment value for vibration state judgment obtained according to the state of the plant judged by the rotation speed / load state judgment means. The process state judgment means
The process state is determined based on the process state determination value obtained according to the state of the plant determined by the load state determination means.

According to the diagnostic device having the above configuration, the vibration state and the process state can be determined based on the vibration state determination value and the process state determination value obtained according to the rotational speed and the load. This makes it possible to accurately identify the cause of the abnormality.

Preferably, the present invention further comprises a guidance extracting means, and when the abnormality is diagnosed, the guidance extracting means extracts the guidance corresponding to the cause item diagnosed by the abnormal vibration diagnosing means.

According to the diagnostic apparatus, it is possible to obtain guidance corresponding to the cause item, and to cope with abnormal vibration quickly.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the shaft vibration abnormality diagnosis device includes a vibration process measuring device 21, a transmission data requesting unit 22, a transmission data input unit 23, a rotation speed / load state determination unit 24, and a data storage unit 25. This vibration process measuring instrument 21
Calculates an amplitude value and a phase angle of a vibration corresponding to a maximum amplitude value of the vibration and a rotation speed based on a vibration signal given from a detector (not shown) for detecting a shaft vibration of the rotor, and a sensor (FIG. (Not shown), a process value is calculated based on a process state signal and stored in a memory.

The transmission data request means 22 sends a request for transmission of measurement data to the vibration process measuring instrument 21. The transmission data input means 23 is a vibration process measuring instrument 21
Is read and transmitted to the rotation speed / load state determination unit 24 and the data storage unit 25. Further, each data is transmitted to a vibration abnormality determination unit, a vibration state calculation unit, a process state calculation unit, a vibration state determination unit, and a process state determination unit described later. Further, the rotation speed / load state determination means 24 determines the rotation speed and the load state of the rotor. The data storage unit 25 edits the read data in accordance with the state of the plant determined by the rotation speed / load state determination unit 24, and stores the obtained data in the data storage unit 26.

In addition, the shaft vibration diagnostic device includes a vibration abnormality detection determination value storage unit 27 and a vibration abnormality detection determination value extraction unit 2.
8 and a vibration abnormality determination means 29. The vibration abnormality detection determination value storage unit 27 stores the rotor vibration abnormality detection determination value determined for each rotation speed and load state in the vibration abnormality detection determination value storage unit 30. The vibration abnormality detection determination value extracting means 28 reads the vibration abnormality detection determination value stored in the vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means 30 in accordance with the state of the plant determined by the rotation speed / load state determination means 24. Is transmitted to the vibration abnormality determining means 29. The vibration abnormality determination means 29 determines the vibration abnormality by comparing the given vibration abnormality detection determination value with the vibration value from the transmission data input means 23.

Further, the shaft vibration abnormality diagnosing device includes a vibration state calculating means 31, a vibration state judgment judgment value storage means 32, a vibration state judgment judgment value extracting means 33, and a vibration state judgment means 34. The vibration state calculating means 31 calculates the state change of the vibration value given from the transmission data input means 23. The vibration state determination value storage means 32 stores the rotor vibration state determination value determined for each rotation speed and load state in the vibration state determination value storage means 35.

Further, the judgment value extracting means 3 for judging the vibration state
Reference numeral 3 reads the vibration state determination value stored in the vibration state determination value storage means 35 in accordance with the state of the plant determined by the rotation speed / load state determination means 24 and transmits it to the vibration state determination means 34. The vibration state determination means 34 compares the given vibration state determination determination value with the vibration value from the transmission data input means 23 to determine the vibration state.

Further, the shaft vibration abnormality diagnosing device comprises a process state calculating means 36, a process state determining judgment value storing means 3
7. It is provided with a judgment value extracting means 38 for process state judgment and a process state judgment means 39. The process state calculating means 36 calculates a state change of the process value given from the transmission data input means 23. The process state determination value storage means 37 stores the process state determination value determined for each rotation speed and load state in the process state determination value storage means 40.

Further, the process state determination value extracting means 38 is a process state determination value storage means 40 stored in the process state determination value storage means 40 in accordance with the state of the plant determined by the rotation speed / load state determination means 24. The value is transmitted to the process state determination means 39. The process state determining means 39 compares the given process state determining value with the process value from the transmission data input means 23 to determine the process state.

Further, the shaft vibration abnormality diagnosis device includes an abnormal vibration diagnosis means 41 and a display output means 42. The abnormal vibration diagnosis means 41 diagnoses the cause of the abnormal vibration generated in the rotor based on the judgment result from the vibration state judgment means 34 and the judgment result from the process state judgment means 39. The display output means 42 displays the obtained diagnosis result.
In the figure, reference numeral 43 denotes a data extraction unit for accessing the data storage unit 26 and extracting the stored data.

In this embodiment, the rotation speed and the load state of the rotor are input from the transmission data input means 23 to the rotation speed / load state determination means 24 during the operation of the plant. The rotation speed / load state determination means 24 determines whether the speed is increasing, lowering, and rated speed based on the rotation speed.
It is determined whether or not. Further, it is determined whether the load state is a low load, an intermediate load, or a rated load. This determination result is transmitted to the vibration abnormality detection determination value extracting means 28, and is stored in the vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means 30 during speed-up, during speed reduction, and at the rated rotational speed and vibration abnormality corresponding to each load. The detection determination value is read.

The determination value for detecting vibration abnormality during acceleration is shown in FIG.
For example, a threshold value obtained by taking into account a deviation of the abnormality determination reference value shown in FIG. 2B obtained from the vibration history data at the time of startup shown in FIG. )reference). In addition, the determination value for detecting vibration abnormality during speed reduction is shown in FIG.
For example, a threshold value which is obtained from the vibration history data at the time of stoppage shown in FIG. 3A and is determined in consideration of a deviation in the abnormality determination reference value as shown in FIG. )reference). Further, in the load operation, each load as shown in FIG. 4C is obtained from the vibration history data in each load region as shown in FIG. 4B obtained from the load operation history data as shown in FIG. The average value of the vibration in each band is obtained, and a different judgment value can be used for each load band. The vibration abnormality detection determination value is transmitted to the vibration abnormality determination means 29.

On the other hand, a vibration signal such as the detected vibration amplitude is transmitted from the transmission data input means 23 to the vibration abnormality determining means 29. This vibration signal is compared with a vibration abnormality detection determination value, and the determination result is output to the abnormal vibration diagnosis means 41.

The determination result of the rotation speed / load state determining means 24 is transmitted to a vibration state determining determination value extracting means 33 and a process state determining determination value extracting means 38, respectively. At this time, the determination value for vibration state determination stored in the vibration state determination value storage means 35 is read according to the determination result, and at the same time, the determination for process state determination stored in the process state determination value storage means 40 is performed. The value is read.

The determination value for determining the vibration state is determined by arranging the magnitude of the correlation between the cause of vibration and the magnitude of each change in the vibration state shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, and is determined for the process state determination. The value is determined by arranging the magnitude of the correlation between the vibration cause and the magnitude of each change in the process amount, and is separately stored as a plant state table.

Here, if an abnormality is detected, each change amount of the vibration state at that time is obtained by the vibration state calculating means 31, and at the same time, each change amount of the process amount is obtained by the process state calculating means 36. . This value is transmitted to the vibration state determination means 34 and the process state determination means 39,
The respective total values are calculated from the assigned points of the corresponding portions by matching with the plant state table read out by the determination value extracting means for vibration state determination 33 and the determination value extracting means for process state determination.

FIG. 8 shows an example of calculating the total value. In this example, the state of the plant when the vibration abnormality is detected is 2 (K
= 2), the vibration state V1 is change C12V12, the vibration state V2 is change C12V21, and the vibration state Vm is change C1.
2Vm3, process amount P1 changes C12P12, process amount P2 changes C12P24, process amount Pn changes C
12Pn3. Cause C1, Cause C
2. The total score of the cause CJ is as shown in FIG. The obtained value is output to the abnormal vibration diagnosis means 41.

The abnormal vibration diagnosing means 41 finds the maximum value from the comparison of the scores and specifies the maximum value as the cause of vibration. When the vibration abnormality determining means 29 determines that the vibration is abnormal, the abnormal vibration diagnosing means 41 specifies the position on the rotor where the vibration abnormality has occurred, and further calculates detailed information such as vibration amplitude and phase angle. The display output means 42 performs chart and graphic processing to display the obtained information on a display or the like.

As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to determine the abnormality of the vibration based on the determination value obtained according to the state of the plant, and it is possible to find the abnormality of the shaft vibration with high accuracy. Become. Further, the vibration state and the process state can be determined based on the determination values obtained according to the state of the plant, and the cause of the abnormality can be accurately specified.

(Second Embodiment) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a guidance extracting unit 44 and a guidance storage unit 45 are provided. The guidance extracting means 44 extracts guidance corresponding to the specified cause item from the guidance storage means 45 storing the specified guidance.

The present embodiment has the above configuration, and a desired diagnostic result can be obtained by the same procedure as in the first embodiment. In particular, in the present embodiment, the guidance storage means 45 is accessed from the guidance extraction means 44 and
As shown in FIG. 1, each guidance corresponding to the cause item specified by the abnormal vibration diagnosis means 41 can be read and displayed on a display or the like together with the diagnosis result. As a result, the operator can obtain necessary information for guidance.

According to the present embodiment, in addition to the above-described effects, it is possible to obtain guidance corresponding to the cause item, and it is possible to quickly deal with abnormal vibration.

[0043]

According to the present invention, shaft vibration can be monitored with high accuracy based on a judgment value which changes in accordance with factors such as the number of revolutions and load which cause a change in shaft vibration. Further, the cause of the abnormality can be accurately specified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a shaft vibration abnormality diagnosis device according to the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing examples of setting a vibration abnormality detection determination value according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A shows a starting vibration history, FIG. 2B shows a determination reference value, and FIG. Is shown.

3A and 3B are explanatory diagrams showing an example of setting a determination value for detecting a vibration abnormality according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A shows a stop vibration history, FIG. 3B shows a reference value for determination, and FIG. Is shown.

4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams showing examples of setting a determination value for vibration abnormality detection according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A shows a load operation history, FIG. 4B shows a vibration history for each load operation, and FIG. The average value of the vibration in the load zone is shown.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a plant state table including a correlation between a vibration cause, a vibration state, and a process amount according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a different plant state table including a correlation between a vibration cause, a vibration state, and a process amount according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another plant state table including a correlation between a vibration cause, a vibration state, and a process amount according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of calculating a total value in a vibration abnormality diagnosis according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a calculation example of a total score for each cause according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a shaft vibration abnormality diagnosis device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a guidance configuration according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of a shaft vibration monitoring device according to a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Vibration process measuring device 23 Transmission data input means 24 Revolution speed / load state determination means 28 Vibration abnormality detection determination value extraction means 29 Vibration abnormality determination means 31 Vibration state calculation means 33 Vibration state determination determination value extraction means 34 Vibration state determination Means 36 Process state calculation means 38 Process state determination judgment value extraction means 39 Process state determination means 41 Abnormal vibration diagnosis means 44 Guidance extraction means

Continued on front page F-term (reference) 2G024 AA06 AD05 BA15 BA27 CA09 CA13 FA02 FA06 2G064 AA17 AB02 AB07 AB08 AB22 BA02 CC47 DD15 5H223 AA02 BB04 BB09 EE06 5H611 AA01 BB06 PP03 QQ09 UA05 9A001 JJ61 KK28 LL05

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for calculating a maximum amplitude value of a vibration and an amplitude value and a phase angle of the vibration corresponding to a rotation speed based on a vibration signal given from a detector for detecting a shaft vibration of a rotating body, and a state of a plant. A vibration process measuring device that calculates and stores a process value based on a process state signal given from a sensor that measures the vibration, a transmission data requesting unit that requests a transmission of measurement data to the vibration process measuring device, Transmission data input means for reading each data provided from the process measuring instrument; vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means for storing a vibration abnormality detection determination value of the rotating body determined for each rotation speed and load state; A vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means for storing a vibration abnormality detection determination value provided from the detection determination value storage means, A vibration abnormality detection determination value reading means for reading a vibration abnormality detection determination value from the vibration abnormality detection determination value storage means, a vibration abnormality detection determination value given from the vibration abnormality detection determination value extraction means, and the transmission data. A vibration abnormality determining means for comparing the vibration value from the input means to determine a vibration abnormality, a vibration state calculating means for calculating a state change of the vibration value given from the transmission data input means, a rotation speed / load state Vibration state determination value storage means for storing a rotor vibration state determination value determined for each rotor, and vibration state determination value storage for storing the vibration state determination value given from the vibration state determination value storage means Means for extracting a determination value for vibration state determination stored in the vibration state determination value storage means in accordance with the state of the plant to be detected. A vibration state determination means for comparing a vibration state determination determination value provided from the vibration state determination determination value extraction means and a vibration value from the transmission data input means to determine a state; and Process state calculating means for calculating a state change of a given process value; process state determining value storing means for storing a process state determining value determined for each rotation speed and load state; and a process state determining value A process state determination value storage unit for storing a process state determination value provided from a storage unit; and a process state determination value stored in the process state determination value storage unit according to a detected plant state. A judgment value extracting means for reading process state judgment, and a process state given from the judgment value extracting means for process state judgment A process state determining unit that determines a state by comparing a regular determination value with a process value from the transmission data input unit; and a determination unit that determines a state based on a determination result of the vibration state determination unit and a determination result of the process state determination unit. An abnormal vibration diagnosis apparatus for a rotary machine, comprising: abnormal vibration diagnosis means for diagnosing a cause of abnormal vibration generated in a rotating body. 2. A rotational speed / load state determining means for determining a rotational speed and a load state of the rotating body, wherein the vibration abnormality determining means according to a plant state determined by the rotational speed / load state determining means. 2. The apparatus for diagnosing abnormality of shaft vibration of a rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality of vibration is determined based on the judgment value for vibration abnormality detection obtained as described above. 3. The process state determination, wherein the vibration state determination means determines a vibration state based on a determination value for vibration state determination obtained according to a state of the plant determined by the rotation speed / load state determination means. 3. The rotation according to claim 2, wherein the means determines the process state based on a process state determination determination value obtained according to a state of the plant determined by the rotation speed / load state determination means. Machine shaft vibration abnormality diagnostic device. 4. The apparatus further comprises a guidance extracting unit,
4. The shaft vibration abnormality diagnosis of a rotary machine according to claim 1, wherein, at the time of abnormality diagnosis, the guidance extracting unit extracts guidance corresponding to a cause item diagnosed by the abnormal vibration diagnosis unit. apparatus.