JP2001169731A - Lipid metabolism improving agent for animal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a lipid metabolism improving agent that promotes an unsaturated fatty acid-synthesizing metabolism, increases the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids in fatty acid compositions and improves animal health and meat quality of animals by administering an activity sustaining type stabilized antioxidant provitamin derivative together with fatty acids. SOLUTION: This lipid metabolism improving agent for animal bodies characteristically includes L-ascorbic phosphates and/or α-tochopherol phosphate. A lipid metabolism improving composition obtained by formulating the improving agent to fatty acids is prepared and a method for increasing the health and improving meat quality of animal bodies by using a feed formulated with the composition is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to L-ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-phosphates having various physiological activities.
The present invention relates to a lipid metabolism improving agent comprising tocopherol phosphates, a feed lipid metabolism improving composition using the lipid metabolism improving agent and a fatty acid, and a method for promoting health of an animal body or improving meat quality using the composition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, livestock products such as dairy products, meats and processed products, which are cheaper than overseas, have been imported in large quantities, which has become an extremely severe situation for domestic livestock farmers and related companies. Related livestock producers and feed companies have been adding value to livestock products by improving the quality of domestic livestock products, reducing costs by improving production technology, creating differentiated products and creating high value-added products. Great efforts are being made to improve it. On the other hand, especially artificially reared animals such as mammals, birds, and fish in Japan tend to lack exercise due to the small rearing environment and the feeding of highly nutritious foods and feeds. Since it is susceptible to extracorporeal foreign substances such as antibiotics and antibacterial agents, it is apt to fall into an excess of neutral fats and excess glucose, and is therefore in an environment susceptible to heart disease, brain disease and the like.
When such a disease occurs, it is said that feeding unsaturated fatty acids is effective. It is known that the blood sugar level of glucose and the like often correlates with neutral fats and the like, and that the reduction of neutral fats in blood is effectively controlled by intake of sugar.

[0003] The quality of meat of livestock, poultry, and marine animals, including cattle, is determined by indicators such as freshness, color, hardness, fat content, and fat composition. Traditionally, these meat qualities were considered to be highly dependent on genetic factors and basic feed composition. For this reason, attempts have been made to improve meat quality mainly by breeding and nutritional techniques, and studies for improving meat quality by adding feed additives and the like have not been so active. For this reason, individual firms often establish technologies through various trials and errors, and at present, a widely generalized method is not known. However, in recent years, various feed additives have been used to maintain livestock health and promote growth. For example, high nutrient feeds that are commonly used are oil cake, fish meal, oils and fats, grains, etc., to supplement nutrients that are not sufficient in feeds such as straw, green grass, hay, or to increase the rate of digestion and absorption to increase the fattening effect. It is used for Ruminants among livestock also degrade feed by microorganisms in the rumen,
Feed additives that are digested in the stomach, but do not inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the rumen, and are functionally digested in the digestive organs after the abomasum have been studied. ing.

[0004] As a feed additive used for supplementing or improving health of feed deficient components, there is known a feed additive for promoting animal growth by a fatty acid calcium salt or a feed containing the same (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-47442). It has been reported that it promotes the growth of domestic animals such as ruminants and is effective in maintaining health. In general, beef (Japanese black beef) has more marbling than dairy (Holstein) meat,
It is fine-grained and excellent in gloss, and therefore has a high carcass rating, which is a softer, more mellow flavor than other meats, and is a major cause of deliciousness. recently,
Attempts have been made to apply feed additives such as fatty acid calcium and tocopherol acetate to improve the quality of beef cattle. For example, reports that meat quality grade of beef was improved using fatty acid calcium derived from palm oil (19)
1992, Proceedings of the West Japan Society of Animal Science, p. 32, 1992
Okinawa Livestock Experiment Station Research Report, p. 47).
Efficacy of Calf Gain by Feeding Calcium Fatty Acid Calcium (Proceedings of the 88th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Animal Husbandry, 1994
P.) And a method of improving meat quality by feeding fatty acid calcium containing palmitoleic acid and oleic acid as main components (JP-A-6-22704).

[0005] Conventionally, studies have been made to increase fat in milk and meat of domestic animals such as cows (Can. J. Anim. Sc).
i. 64, 240. 1984), the only known method of improving meat quality by changing the fatty acid composition of fat in meat is to use an unsaturated fatty acid in combination with an antioxidant. As a general quality evaluation method of meat quality, for example, a method described in “New Beef Carcass Trade Standard” (published by the Japan Meat Standards Association in April 1987) is used. In this evaluation method, the BMS, tightness and texture, and the vivid red color of the meat are factors in the high added value of the beef quality. Also, oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA),
Unsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
It has been shown to be important for maintaining animal health. In the livestock and fisheries fields, attempts have been made to produce high-value-added products by increasing the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in meat by additionally administering or feeding fats and oils containing these unsaturated fatty acids to domestic and domestic animals. ing.

[0006] However, unsaturated fatty acids are easily oxidized at the double bond site to easily generate various peroxides and oxides and other oxidation products. It is known to be toxic.When feed containing unsaturated fatty acids is used for livestock, farmed fish, and poultry, it is necessary to use a feed with low or low oxidation stability. It has been. Therefore, when a raw material containing unsaturated fatty acids is added to a feed and additionally administered to an animal, how to prevent these unsaturated fatty acids from being oxidized and stabilize becomes an important issue. For this reason, the use of antioxidant vitamins such as tocopherol (vitamin E), encapsulation, and formation of inclusion compounds have been attempted. However, ordinary antioxidants themselves are unstable, and thus do not have a sufficient antioxidant effect on easily oxidized fats and oils such as highly unsaturated fatty acids. The meat quality improvement effect was not obtained.

[0007] Conventional feeds include BHT, BHA,
Attempts have been made to prevent oxidation by adding a large amount of a synthetic antioxidant such as ethoxyquin, and to reduce oxidized lipids by ingesting and culturing microorganisms (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-10788). However, these methods relate to fatty acids and fats and oils containing unsaturated fatty acids, and are insufficient to stabilize fatty acids containing a large amount of highly unsaturated fatty acids such as fish oil fatty acids and linseed oil fatty acids over a long period of time, resulting in insufficient results. Could not sufficiently improve the quality of the domestic animals.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of administering a sustained-acting stabilized antioxidant provitamin derivative having an extremely low antioxidant effect under normal conditions together with a fatty acid,
The ability to suppress the oxidation of fatty acids in the living body, promote the synthesis and metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in the living body, increase the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids in the fatty acid composition, promote animal health and improve meat quality, and improve lipid metabolism. The main purpose is.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that fatty acids and ascorbic acid phosphates known as stable and sustained-type provitamin C, or α-phosphate and ascorbic acid phosphates. The present invention has been found that by administering tocopherol phosphates to animals, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the meat of domestic animals can be increased and the proportion of saturated fatty acids can be reduced, which is effective in promoting the health of the animal and improving meat quality. Was completed.

That is, the present invention relates to [1] an agent for improving lipid metabolism in an animal body, which comprises L-ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates, [2] a fatty acid, A composition for improving lipid metabolism in an animal body, which comprises ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates, [3]
The composition for improving health and improving lipid metabolism according to the above [2], wherein the animal body is a high-density breeding animal that is a pet, including a cow, a pig, a chicken, a horse, a poultry, a dog, a cat, a cultured aquatic animal, or an experimental animal. [4] The composition for improving lipid metabolism of an animal according to the above [2] or [3], wherein the fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid,

[5] Ascorbic acid phosphates and / or
Alternatively, a lipid metabolism-improving composition containing 0.0001 to 1.2 parts by mass of α-tocopherol phosphates per 100 parts by mass of a fatty acid is added to feed, premix, or drinking water by adding
0.1 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass is added to form a composition, and the composition is used in an amount of 0.01 to 100 parts by weight per 5 kg of animal body weight.
A method of promoting animal health or improving meat quality, characterized in that the animal is fed at a feeding amount of 1.0 kg / day for at least 10 days, [6] saturated fatty acids in fat and / or muscle fat in the animal body The method for improving the health of animals or improving the quality of meat according to the above [5], wherein the ratio is reduced and the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids is increased, [7] The improvement of the quality of the meat is a measure of the quality of meat of beef cattle. Standards "(published by the Japan Meat Standards Association in April 1987), the BMS, tightness and texture, the carcass grade is improved, and the meat color becomes vivid red as described in [5] or [6] The method for improving the health of an animal body or improving the quality of meat according to [6], and [8] the above-mentioned [5], wherein the health promotion relating to the lipid composition of the animal body is an action of lowering the concentration of neutral fat and glucose in blood. Or [7 It has solved the above problems by developing a method for improving the quality of health promotion or meat of an animal body according to any one of.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The ascorbic acid phosphates in the present invention include derivatives represented by the following structural formula (1).

Embedded image R ¹ : a phosphate group substituted by a phosphate bond or a derivative group thereof. R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ : independently a hydroxyl group or an ester group with an organic or inorganic acid, a coordination group between the hydroxyl group and a sugar,
Alternatively, a ketal group of a hydroxyl group and a ketone or an acetal group of a hydroxyl group and an aldehyde group. Salts of these compounds are included in ascorbic acid phosphates. Preferably R
¹ is a phosphate group, a pyrophosphate group (a diphosphate group), a triphosphate group, a polyphosphate group, a sulfate group, and R ² is a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a pyrophosphate group (a diphosphate group), a triphosphate group,
A polyphosphoric acid group and a sulfuric acid group are preferable, and R ³ and R ⁴ are each independently preferably a hydroxyl group, a long-chain fatty acid group (acyloxy group), or a ketal group.

As specific examples of the salts of ascorbic acid phosphates of the present invention, salts of L-ascorbic acid-2-monophosphate are preferred. These salts may be ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, iron, zinc, bismuth, organic amines, and salts with at least one of these. The substituents R ² , R ³ , and R ⁴ may be fatty acid esters having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, and are preferably L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6-lauric acid and L-ascorbic acid-2-acid. Phosphate-6-myristic acid, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6-palmitic acid, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6-stearic acid, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6- Oleic acid, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6-linolenic acid, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6-linolenic acid, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-6-arachidonic acid, L- Ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-5,6-O-benzylidene, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate-5,6
It may be a —O-benzylidene derivative (substituted aromatic nucleus) or a salt thereof. These salts may be ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, iron, zinc, bismuth, organic amines, and salts with at least one of these.

The tocopherol phosphates of the present invention include the following general formula (2) and salts thereof.

Embedded image

In the general formula (2), the substituents R ¹ and R ²
And the R ³ alpha-tocopherol (R ^1, R ^2, R
³ = CH ₃ ), β-tocopherol (R ¹ , R ³ = CH
₃ , R ² = H), γ = tocopherol (R ² , R ³ = C
H ₃ , R ¹ = H), δ-tocopherol (R ³ = CH
₃ , R ¹ , R ² = H), ζ2-tocopherol (R ¹ ,
R ² = CH ₃ , R ³ = H), η-tocopherol (R
¹ , R ³ ＣＨCH ₃ , R ² ＨH) and the like, which can be a component of the compound represented by the formula (2). Of these, α-tocopherol is particularly preferred.

Further, the substituent R bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to the O atom of the benzopyran structure of α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol is a long-chain alkyl group,

Embedded image Ζ1-tocopherol and ε of the structure
-Tocopherols are known, and any of them can be a component of the tocopherol phosphate of the present invention and salts thereof.

Further, among the tocopherol derivatives represented by the general formula (2) of the present invention, a compound having an acidic group can easily form a salt by the action of a basic compound. Examples of the basic compound include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate and the like. As the kind of the salt of tocopherol phosphate which can be used in the present invention, alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc and lithium, alkaline earth metals and the like can be used. Among them, sodium salts are particularly preferred because they have high solubility in water and low toxicity.

The fatty acid used in the composition for improving lipid metabolism of the present invention may be a saturated fatty acid or an unsaturated fatty acid, as long as it is a fatty acid having biological safety, but is preferably an unsaturated fatty acid. When using a saturated fatty acid that can be used in the present invention, there may be mentioned saturated fatty acids such as caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachiic acid, and behenic acid. At least one selected from fatty acids
More than one species is used. The unsaturated fatty acids that can be used in the present invention include oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, α-linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and erucic acid. And at least one selected from these unsaturated fatty acids is used. Further, a fatty acid carrier or a metal salt thereof may be used. As the metal salt, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and the like are preferable.

Specific examples of the unsaturated fatty acids that can be used in the present invention include fatty oils and fats containing the above unsaturated fatty acids, for example, animal oils and fats such as whale oil, squid liver oil, fish oil, beef tallow, lard, chicken oil: castor oil , Olive oil, safflower
Vegetable oils such as oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, tung oil, jojoba oil, linseed oil, evening primrose oil, etc .: Fatty acids obtained from oils and fats derived from microorganisms such as black mold and moss Metal salts. Moreover, you may use the unsaturated fatty acid simple substance and its metal salt.
As the metal salt, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and the like are preferable.

A general antioxidant can be added to the lipid metabolism improving composition of the present invention to suppress lipid oxidation. As antioxidants, ethoxyquin, BHT (t-
At least one selected from the group consisting of dibutylhydroxytoluene), BHA (t-butylhydroxyanisole), citric acid, dl-α-tocopherol, and ascorbic acid is used. A surfactant may be further added to the lipid metabolism improving composition of the present invention. Surfactants that can be added to the present invention can be used as long as they are generally commercially available, such as phospholipids, monoglycerides, sucrose fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene. Glycerin fatty acid esters and the like can be mentioned.

The ascorbic acid phosphate and / or α-tocopherol phosphate is used in an amount of 0.0001 to 1.2 parts by mass, preferably 0.01 to 1 part by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the fatty acid. Is good.
If the amount is less than 0.0001 parts by mass, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained. Further, even if it is used in an amount of more than 1.2 parts by mass, the effect corresponding to the added amount is not improved, and it is economically disadvantageous. In the present invention, the lipid metabolism-improving composition containing ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates added in the ratio described above is 0.1 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of feed, premix or beverage. To obtain a lipid metabolism improving compound.

When the lipid metabolism-improving composition of the present invention is fed to an animal, it may be used in combination with a general feed such as a protein feed or a carbohydrate feed, a feed additive or a feed component. For example, as a compounding amount of the lipid metabolism improving composition of the present invention, 0.1 to 20 parts by mass is added to the feed with respect to 100 parts by mass of the feed. The thus-prepared feed (combination) containing the lipid metabolism improving composition is, for example, 5 kg in animal weight.
The animals may be fed at a dose of 0.01 to 1.0 kg / day for at least 10 days or more. The optimum amount of salary varies depending on the animal species, stage, and health condition, and thus can be appropriately determined according to the animal species.

In the present invention, a metal salt of a fatty acid can also be used.
Examples include alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and barium, and at least one selected from these alkaline earth metals is used. The metal salt of a fatty acid used in the present invention is added to the above-mentioned fatty acid in the form of an oxide, hydroxide or carbonate of an alkaline earth metal and neutralized to produce the alkali metal salt. It can be produced according to a conventional method such as a method obtained by metathesis with a metal oxide, hydroxide or carbonate. The effect of using the lipid metabolism-improving composition of the present invention is effective for mammals, birds, fish and the like, but is particularly effective for domestic animals such as cattle, pigs, chickens, horses, poultry, pets, cultured aquatic animals, and experimental animals. Is effective for high-density bred animals. These high-density bred animals are prone to lack of exercise due to the limited breeding environment, and are susceptible to extraneous substances such as antibiotics and antibacterials, and are susceptible to excessive amounts of neutral fats and glucose. Vulnerable to heart disease, brain disease, etc. It is said that unsaturated fatty acids are effective for such animals.

It has been shown that the effect of the composition for improving lipid metabolism of the present invention is effective in lowering the concentration of neutral fat and glucose, which cause deterioration of animal health, and improving the health condition. The composition for improving lipid metabolism of the present invention can improve meat quality by reducing the ratio of saturated fatty acids in the fat and / or muscle fat in the animal and increasing the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids. As a general quality evaluation method of beef quality, for example, it is evaluated by the method described in “New Beef Carcass Trade Standard” (published by the Japan Meat Standards Association in April 1987). BM of this evaluation method
S, tightness and texture, improved carcass grade and a change in flesh color to bright red. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto without departing from the gist thereof.

[0025]

EXAMPLES (Example 1) L-ascorbic acid-2-
Monophosphate (A2P), α-tocopherol phosphate (V
EP), for example, A2P-Mg refers to a magnesium salt of L-ascorbic acid-2-monophosphate, dl-VEP
-Na represents dl-α-tocopherol phosphate Na salt. Fatty acids as raw materials used in the present invention were mixed with the following composition. The balance is 100 balanced with dextrin
% By mass. Hereinafter,% is represented by mass%.

[0026]

[Table 1]

[0027]

[Table 1] continued L-ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates shown in the following table were added to the lipids containing the above-mentioned fatty acids, and lipid metabolism improving compositions of the present invention were prepared. The residue was balanced with dextrin.

[0028]

[Table 2]

[0029]

[Table 2] continued Examples 11 to 10 were obtained by removing only lipids from the above examples. The balance is 100 balanced with dextrin
%.

[0030]

[Table 3]

Comparative Example 1 was a lipid-only product obtained by removing the α-tocopherol phosphates from the above four examples.
The residue was balanced with dextrin to 100%. 9 kg of a commercial compound feed for beef cattle (72% TDN, 10% CP)
A mixture of 2 kg of hay (rice straw) and 500 g of Examples 1 and 11 and Comparative Example 1 as described above, and those without these additives were used as feed per day, and 10 Holstein steers (13 to 13 months old) were used. 16 months) for 90 days,
Bred. After breeding, blood samples were collected before sacrifice, and their glucose, neutral fat, and total cholesterol levels were measured. The results are shown in Table 4 in mg / dl. After sacrifice, the fatty acid composition (% by mass) of the intermuscular fat was measured, the average value was determined, and the results are shown in Table 4. The meat quality was evaluated by BMS, tightness and texture, and carcass grade according to the "New Beef Carcass Trade Standard" (published by the Japan Meat Standards Association in April 1987). The results are shown in Table 4. The muscle color after sacrifice was evaluated in three stages: vivid red: 3 points, ordinary red: 2 points, and dark red: 1 point, and the total score was indicated.

[0032]

[Table 4]

From the above results, it was confirmed that the composition for improving lipid metabolism of the present invention increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the fatty acid composition and decreased the proportion of saturated fatty acids. In addition, it was shown that the composition for improving lipid metabolism of the present invention has an effect of lowering blood total cholesterol, neutral fat, and glucose concentrations. In addition, the meat rating in the “new beef carcass trade standard” was better in BMS, tightness and texture, and carcass grade compared to the non-added and comparative plots. The muscle diet showed a brighter red tendency compared to the non-added group and the comparative group. As a result of the significant difference test, a significant difference was recognized in all results.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, the oxidative stability of fatty acid metal salts composed of unsaturated fatty acids having various physiological activities can be improved, and Japanese black cattle, Holstein, F1
It is possible to supply unsaturated fatty acids in a stable form to cattle of various varieties such as, and therefore, using inexpensive and highly nutritious materials composed of the above fatty acid metal salts, improving the meat quality of beef,
It can greatly contribute to the weight gain effect and the like.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (Reference) A61K 31/661 A61K 31/661 A61P 3/06 A61P 3/06 // (A61K 31/661 (A61K 31/661 31: 20) 31:20) F-term (reference) 2B005 AA05 AA06 BA01 BA02 BA07 DA01 DA03 EA01 EA02 EA04 EA11 2B150 AA01 AA02 AA03 AA05 AA06 AA07 AA10 AB03 AB05 AE01 AE18 DA36 DA37 DA57 DE13 DE15 4C037 MA02 MA02 MA02 MA02 MA34 MA52 NA03 NA05 ZC33 ZC61 ZC65

Claims (8)

[Claims] An agent for improving lipid metabolism in an animal body, comprising L-ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates. 2. A composition for improving lipid metabolism in an animal body, comprising a fatty acid and L-ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates. 3. The animal body is a cow, pig, chicken, horse, poultry, dog,
The composition for improving health and improving lipid metabolism according to claim 2, wherein the composition is a high-density breeding animal that is a pet including a cat, a cultured aquatic animal, or an experimental animal. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids.
4. The composition for improving lipid metabolism of an animal body according to item 3 or 3. 5. A feed, premix or drinking water comprising a lipid metabolism-improving composition containing 0.0001 to 1.2 parts by weight of ascorbic acid phosphates and / or α-tocopherol phosphates per 100 parts by weight of fatty acid. And 0.1 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of a mixture, and the mixture is used in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 per 5 kg of animal body weight.
A method for promoting animal health or improving meat quality, characterized in that the animal is fed at a dose of kg / day for at least 10 days. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the proportion of saturated fatty acids in fat and / or muscle fat in the animal is reduced and the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids is increased. 7. The improvement in meat quality is based on the evaluation of the meat quality of beef cattle by the method described in "New Beef Carcass Trade Standards" (published by the Japan Meat Standards Association in April 1987).
The method for improving the health of an animal or improving the quality of meat according to claim 5 or 6, wherein S, tightness and texture, carcass grade are improved, and the meat color becomes vivid red. 8. The animal body according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the improving the health of the animal in terms of lipid composition is an action of lowering the concentration of neutral fat and glucose in blood. Quality improvement method.