JP2001097510A - Article control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an article control system capable of realtime position detection of articles, and further capable of preventing the unfair taking-out of articles. SOLUTION: Article control is carried out by providing reader/writers respectively to an entrance gate of an article control region, housing region, and information control device, so that the communication with the IC card tag attached to the article can be carried out. Further, electromagnetic induction can efficiently be produced by attaching a looped conducting wire other than the IC card tag to the article.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology relating to an article management system using a non-contact IC card system, and manages the location of articles such as books and the lending situation at an article management place such as a library. Further, the present invention relates to an article management system capable of preventing unauthorized removal of articles.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a first prior art, a reader / writer system using an IC card is generally a non-contact IC.
Called a card system, for example, about 13.56M
There is a traffic card system and a logistics system using a frequency band of Hz. A reader / writer device for performing communication between a tag having an antenna on an IC chip and the tag, wherein the reader / writer device is provided with an antenna, and transmits power and interrogation data constantly or intermittently by the antenna. And response data from a tag within a range in which question data can be received.

As a second prior art, there is, for example, a book management system of a library as an article management system. FIG. 22 shows an example of a book used in a conventional book management system, and FIG. 23 shows an example of a membership card used in a conventional book management system. Books stored in libraries 1
Are arranged on the bookshelf according to publishers, authors, or categories. Book 1 contains Figure 22
The bar code 2 is affixed as shown in FIG. 5, and based on the book ID of the bar code 2, the book ID, the book name, the publisher name, the lending member ID, the lending date, and the like are stored in the memory area of the management PC (personal computer). A book information file, such as a scheduled return date and a return date, has been created. Further, as shown in FIG. 23, a bar code is also attached to the membership card 3 issued to the user, and similarly, the member ID, name, address, telephone number, A member information file such as a driver's license number and the title of the book being rented has been created.

When a user borrows a book, the book he / she wants to borrow and the membership card 3 are handed over to a clerk, who reads the barcode of the book and the membership card 3 connected to the management PC with a barcode reader, and reads the management PC. In the memory area, the name of the book to be borrowed and the member to be borrowed, the lending date, the expected return date, and the like are input, and the lending of the book is managed.

When a user returns a book, the book is put in a return box, and a clerk reads the barcode of the book with a barcode reader, thereby inputting a return date. The clerk then works to return the bookshelf to its original location.

As a third prior art, there is Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-79328 "Lending storage management system". This is a facility that manages lending storage items such as books, in order to be able to manage lending storage items unattended, in and out detection means for detecting whether or not books are stored in storage locations such as books, Means for transmitting a radio wave when detected by the detecting means to read the response of the identification code from the non-contact type storage medium attached to the book or the like, and means for managing the storage place and the storage using the read identification code Has been disclosed.

[0007]

In the first prior art, in a non-contact IC card system, there is a directivity of an antenna on an IC card side which responds to an antenna connected to a reader / writer, and the direction of the IC card is changed. There is a problem that does not work depending on.

In the second prior art, in the book management system, the work of returning the returned book to the original place on the bookshelf requires labor and time, such as reading with a bar code reader. In addition, when performing inventory of books, it is necessary for a clerk to check one by one which storage shelf the books are placed in, which also requires an enormous amount of work.

[0009] Furthermore, when a user requests a borrower to borrow a specific book, if the book is not stored at a designated position on the storage shelf, the clerk finds it difficult to find the book of interest. There is a problem. Further, when the book is illegally taken out of the library, there is no book in the library that should be on the book shelf as data, and wasteful time is spent searching for the book.

[0010] Here, as a method of preventing unauthorized take-out, as a technique which has already been put to practical use in CD (compact disk) stores and the like, a wireless tag composed of a capacitor and a spiral coil is attached to a CD, and the wireless tag is attached to the entrance of the store. There is an example of a system that prevents unauthorized removal by using an installed detector. If a wireless tag is attached to each CD to illegally take it out of the store, it is detected by a detector installed at the entrance and a warning sound is emitted. Therefore,
If the payment is legally made, the clerk can remove the wireless tag, so that the clerk can pass through the entrance of the store without a warning sound.

When this conventional example is implemented in a library, it is necessary to attach a radio tag to the book in addition to the bar code, which causes an increase in equipment costs. In addition, the work of removing the wireless tag at the time of lending is required, which takes time and labor.

Regarding the third prior art, in this prior art, in the management of the bookshelf (storage space) and the management in the case of taking it out of the library, only the non-contact type storage medium is attached to the position of the spine of the book. Yes, putting books in and out of the bookshelf,
In some cases, transmission from the antenna of each reader / writer cannot be received when passing through the gate, that is, the radio wave sensitivity is insufficient or the directivity is problematic. Further, in order to improve the sensitivity and the directivity, it is necessary to make an antenna installed on a bookshelf or a gate expensive and complicated.

In the present invention, in consideration of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, a wireless tag using a wireless IC card is attached to an article to perform real-time article position detection in addition to the conventional article management work. It is another object of the present invention to provide an article management system capable of preventing unauthorized removal of articles.

Further, according to the present invention, the directivity of the wireless tag can be improved to improve the sensitivity with a simple configuration, and the position of the article can be more efficiently controlled and unauthorized removal can be prevented more efficiently. The purpose is to provide a management system.

[0015]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first antenna mounted on a gate at an entrance and exit of an article management area, and a first antenna connected to the first antenna. A first reader / writer device, a second antenna attached to the storage area using each of at least one storage shelf installed in the article management area as a storage area, and a second antenna connected to the second antenna. 2 reader / writer device, an IC card tag including an antenna attached to each of the plurality of articles, and each of the plurality of articles connected to the first reader / writer device and the second reader / writer device. The first reader / writer device detects whether or not each of the plurality of articles is in an article management area by communicating with each of the IC card tags. The second reader / writer device is an article management system that detects whether or not each of the plurality of articles is arranged in a storage area by communicating with each of the IC card tags. It is possible to detect and grasp in real time the removal or carry-in of goods to or from each storage area, and to store the information in the information management device. You can manage the state of existence.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a third reader / writer is connected to the information management device, the third reader / writer includes a third antenna, 2. The article management system according to claim 1, wherein a detection process is performed for taking out or bringing in a plurality of articles out of the article management area, and updating and registering the article in the storage area of the information management apparatus. Can be stored in the information management device as legitimate processing, so that the state of the existence of the articles in the article management area or each storage area can be managed. be able to.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 3 provides an IC on one of the plurality of articles.
A card tag is attached, and a loop-shaped conductive wire is attached to one of the other surfaces different from the one surface, and an electromagnetic induction action is performed between the tag antenna of the IC card tag and the loop-shaped conductive wire. 3. The article management system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a magnetic field from an antenna connected to the reader / writer device is guided to at least one of the tag antenna and the loop-shaped conductive wire of the IC card tag. In some cases. First, when the magnetic field is guided to both sides, the magnetic field guided to the loop-shaped conductive wire is further guided to the tag antenna, so that the sensitivity of the IC card tag can be increased. Alternatively, there is a case where the magnetic field guided to the loop conductive wire is not guided to the tag antenna of the IC card tag but is guided to the loop conductive wire. In this case, the magnetic field guided to the loop conductive wire is further guided to the tag antenna of the IC card tag. Therefore, the directivity of the IC card tag is improved.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the IC card tag and the loop-shaped conductive wire are arranged on any one of the surfaces of the article so as to be located substantially orthogonal to each other. 4. The article management system according to claim 3, wherein the direction of the magnetic field between the tag antenna of the IC card tag and the loop-shaped conductive wire has sensitivity in a right angle direction and a horizontal direction, and therefore, the directivity of the IC card tag. Can be improved, and the sensitivity can be greatly improved depending on the orientation.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an article as set forth in any one of the third and fourth aspects, wherein the loop-shaped conductive wires are connected by resonance through a capacitor connection. This is a management system, and the magnetic field induced in the loop-shaped conductive wire from the antenna connected to the reader / writer device is more efficiently guided to the tag antenna by the resonance effect of the capacitor, and therefore, it is possible to increase the sensitivity of the IC card tag. it can.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the loop-shaped conductive wire is adjusted to the size of each article by adjusting the number of turns or the diameter or the number of turns and the diameter of the conductive wire. The article management system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein a plurality of types of loop-shaped conductive wires having different sizes are prepared in advance according to the size of the article. be able to.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information management apparatus, comprising: a memory area for storing data relating to the article together with a unique article ID; and a data area relating to the storage area. A memory area for storing together with a unique storage area ID, and a memory area for storing data relating to the carry-out or carry-in processing together with a unique member ID, wherein the article ID, the storage area ID, and the member ID are used as link data. 7. The article management system according to claim 1, wherein each memory area is updated and stored, wherein data for each article, data for each storage area, and an article management area are used. The data for each member is stored by the information management device, and in any storage area, which articles are stored or the articles are taken out. Or in which storage area any goods are stored or the goods are being taken out, or whether any member is taking any of the goods, and if so, which storage area Can be grasped and confirmed by the information management device as to whether or not the item has been taken out of the company.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, when carrying out the process of taking out or bringing in the article, the article ID and the member ID are stored in the third reader / writer device included in the third reader / writer device. 3 detected by the antenna,
8. The article management system according to claim 7, wherein each of the memory areas is updated and stored, wherein a process of taking out or bringing in an arbitrary article by an arbitrary member is stored in the information management apparatus as a valid process. can do.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, each of the articles is a book, and books are managed by a book management facility. The article management system described above can easily perform a book lending operation in a library, and is suitable for a library facility for displaying and lending books.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, each of the articles is a book, and
10. The article management system according to claim 3, wherein one side to which the C card tag is attached is a spine, and the other side to which the loop-shaped conductive wire is attached is a front cover or a back cover. This is suitable for attaching an IC card tag and a loop-shaped conductive wire to a book.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, each of the articles is a lending item, and a lending management of a lending operation is performed.
The article management system according to any one of the above, which can easily perform an article lending operation, and is suitable for article display and lending.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the loop-shaped conductive wire is inserted into each article as a take-out card. The article management system described in
An article can be made as one of the incidental items to each article. For example, when the article is a book for lending, it can be a lending card, for example, a description of the article.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problem, each of the articles is a sale item, and management of article sales in a store is performed.
0 is an article management system according to any one of the above items, which can easily perform article sales operations, and is suitable for display and sale of articles.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in which an IC card tag is attached to an article, in which an IC card tag 20 for wirelessly receiving question data and transmitting response data is attached to the front or back cover of the book 1. It is. In the case of this embodiment, the directions of the magnetic field by the IC card tag are the directions of the front cover and the back cover of the book as shown. FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment in which an IC card tag is attached to an article.
FIG. 9 is a diagram when an IC card tag is attached at a position of 0a or 20b. In this case, the direction of the magnetic field when the book is closed is the same as in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 18 shows a third embodiment in which an IC card tag is attached to an article. In this embodiment, the IC card tag is attached to the spine of a book, and the direction of the magnetic field is the spine direction as shown. Here, the configuration of the IC card tag will be described. A conductive wire is connected to the IC chip, and the conductive wire has a loop shape. The conductive wire serves as a loop antenna and serves as a tag antenna. Then, a magnetic field generated by an antenna connected to a reader / writer, which will be described later, is electromagnetically induced by the tag antenna to activate an IC card tag and enable communication with the reader / writer. This IC card tag is fixed by being sandwiched between casings of about 0.5 mm or less.

FIG. 19 shows an embodiment in which an IC card tag and a loop-shaped conductive wire are attached to an article. FIG. 19A is an explanatory diagram in which the loop-shaped conductive wire is arranged on a front cover or a back cover.
In the book of FIG. 18 described above, a loop-shaped conductive wire formed by a conductive wire different from the IC card tag is attached to a surface different from the surface to which the IC card tag is attached. Is sandwiched between the back cover (or cover) of the book.

FIG. 19B is an explanatory diagram of the magnetic field direction by the IC card tag and the loop conductive wire. Although this loop-shaped conductive wire has no physical connection with the IC card tag, the magnetic field generated by the antenna connected to the reader / writer is guided to the tag antenna of the IC card tag, the loop-shaped conductive wire, or both. . Therefore, the magnetic field guided to the loop-shaped conductive wire is further guided to the tag antenna, so that the tag antenna can increase the sensitivity due to the magnetic field, and the direction of the magnetic field in which the tag antenna is guided and the loop-shaped antenna are guided. Communication is enabled in two magnetic field directions. This is because both the tag antenna and the loop conductive wire of the IC card tag play the role of the antenna, and the direction of the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the IC card tag attached to the spine and the loop conductive wire sandwiched between the back cover is changed. Thus, the pair of the IC card tag and the loop-shaped conductive wire can provide guidance in mutually perpendicular magnetic field directions.

FIG. 19C is a diagram showing an embodiment in which a capacitor is connected to the loop-shaped conductive wire, and the capacitor and the inductance of the loop-shaped conductive wire are resonated at or near the transmission frequency of the reader / writer to form a loop. The efficiency due to the conductive wire can be further increased. The number of turns of the loop-shaped conductive wire is at least one turn to form a loop, but can be appropriately determined according to the size of an IC card tag or an article.

FIG. 19D is a diagram showing an example of a structure in which a loop-shaped conductive wire is sandwiched and fixed by a piece of paper. Even when the loop-shaped conductive wire is inserted in an envelope or the like, almost the same configuration is adopted. Can be. A piece of paper printed with a description describing the lending history of the book may be used as a piece of paper to make it like a book lending card, and the piece of paper may be a plastic piece. In addition, the loop-shaped conductive wire can have an appropriate size (the size of the area surrounded by the looped conductive wire), for example, so as to substantially match the size of the book or the size of the rental card.

FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a storage shelf according to the present invention, FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of a book-type loop antenna, and FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a book-type loop antenna. It is a form.

In FIG. 3, book-type loop antennas 30 (30a, 30b,...) Are arranged near the center of each of the racks (81 to 86) of a storage shelf (book shelf) 80 for storing books. As shown in FIG. 4, a loop antenna 31 is connected to a connector 32 as shown in FIG. 4, and this book-type loop antenna is a book-end type as shown in FIG. It may be a partition plate.

In this embodiment, the bookshelf 80 is divided into six shelves, and the reader / writer 40 and the antenna switch 50 are installed on the top plate of the bookshelf. The six cables (61 to 66) are connected, the cable 61 is connected to the connector 32 of the book-shaped loop antenna 30a of the rack 81, the cable 62 is connected to the connector 32 of the book-shaped loop antenna 30b, and so on. Cables are connected to the book-type loop antenna of each rack.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the magnetic field strength of a book-type loop antenna or a loop antenna provided with a gate, which will be described later. Assuming that the width of a bookshelf (width of one rack) is x meters, each of the book-type loop antennas It is possible to detect and control the presence / absence of books of approximately several books on the left and right (4 books on the left and right in this embodiment) which are arranged substantially at the center of the rack.

The graph showing the magnetic field strength of the loop antenna in FIG. 7 is the largest position of the waveform (the center position of x).
As the distance increases, the magnetic field intensity decreases, and the communicable distance falls within the range of x. Therefore,
When the width of the rack is less than or equal to x, the magnetic field level can be reliably operated at the threshold level A or higher. Therefore, one book-type loop antenna per one rack can cover the entire bookshelf. is there. A represents the intensity (level) of the magnetic field at which communication is possible.

Each of the six book-type loop antennas described above is connected to a reader / writer (R / W) via an antenna switch.
With this connection, the entire bookshelf shown in FIG. 3 can be controlled by one reader / writer. The configuration and operation of the antenna switch will be described later, but as a general outline, the frame 81
Of the book type loop antenna 30a operates,
, 30b is operated, and so on. Each book-type loop antenna is operated in sequence, and control is sequentially performed for each rack. Further, if a reader / writer is installed for each rack, six reader / writers are required in this example, but an antenna switch is not required.
However, there is no need to constantly monitor books, and detecting books on each frame at regular intervals is enough to manage the location of books, and one unit is required rather than installing six reader / writers. It is possible to reduce the cost in terms of equipment costs by installing an antenna switch for switching the six racks in the reader / writer.

FIG. 6 shows a storage shelf according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, when the width of each rack of the bookshelf is long, a method of disposing the book-type loop antenna 30 at a position near several books inside from both ends of each rack (87 to 89) may be considered. Next, FIG. 8 shows a specific arrangement position.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the magnetic field strength when two book-type loop antennas or two loop antennas with gates to be described later are arranged substantially in parallel. In the book-type loop antenna, two are arranged on one rack as shown in FIG. 6 described above. Assuming that the width of each rack is y meters, a distance of x meters around each book-type loop antenna is assumed. The magnetic field can be detected within the range. In that case,
According to the radio wave reach of the book-type loop antenna of FIG. 7 described above, the book located at z (two books in FIG. 6) cannot be detected. However, as shown in FIG. 8, when two book-shaped loop antennas 30g and 30h are arranged, the magnetic field is combined and becomes higher than a threshold level A at which communication is possible as shown by a dotted line B. The present invention has an effect that a book located therein can also be detected, and thus more books can be detected.

Here, the synthesis of the magnetic field when two loop antennas are arranged will be described. The synthesis of the magnetic field at any point in space is the vector synthesis of the magnetic field created by each loop antenna. Therefore, by adjusting the direction of the antenna or adjusting the polarity of the loop antenna so that the magnetic field in the space between the two loop antennas is larger than the magnetic field created by one loop antenna, as shown in FIG. It is possible to increase the width by about 30%.

In FIG. 6, similarly to FIG. 3, the bookshelf 80 is provided with the reader / writer 40 and the antenna switch 50, and six cables (61 to 61) are transmitted from the antenna switch 50.
66) is connected, the cable 61 is connected to the connector 32 of the book-shaped loop antenna 30g of the rack 87, and the cable 64 is connected to the connector 32 of the book-shaped loop antenna 30h.
Connected to. In this embodiment, two book-shaped loop antennas are arranged on one frame, but three or more loop antennas may be arranged as needed according to the width of the frame.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a method of attaching the IC card tag 20 to the front cover or the back cover of the book 1. I
The C card tag is attached to one of six places (4 to 9) of the book 1. This is because when the IC card tag 20 is attached to the same position (for example, the position of 9), when several books 1 are stored in one rack, mutual induction of the coils inside the IC card tag 20 is performed. The degree increases. This may cause a problem that the distance that can be detected from the book-type loop antenna is shortened. Therefore, in order to detect more books with one book-type loop antenna, an IC card tag is randomly attached to any of the six locations (4 to 9) of the book, and the coil inside the tag is as small as possible. By preventing them from overlapping each other, it is possible to extend the detection distance. Most effectively, for example, in the case of six books arranged on one frame, it is desirable that the respective pasting positions are pasted at the positions of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 respectively. Since it is not undetectable even if a book is pasted at the same position, it is only necessary to stick it at random in the pasting operation, and when it is pasted at random, it is unlikely that the position will be stochastically overlapped.

FIG. 20 shows a storage shelf according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The storage shelf 80 is divided into six racks, a reader / writer 40 and an antenna switch 50 are installed, and the reader / writer is connected to the management PC.
The antenna switch is connected to the same number of cables (61 to 66) as the rack is connected from the antenna switch, and each cable is looped around the frame on the back side of each rack (the rack). Loop antenna). Note that the frame loop antenna and the cable may be connected by a connector.

Although FIG. 3 described above uses a book-type loop antenna, in this embodiment, a frame-type loop antenna is installed along the back of each frame, and the direction of the magnetic field is a book-type loop antenna. Is set in the orthogonal direction when. The loop antenna according to the present embodiment is particularly effective in a case where an IC card tag is attached to the spine of a book as shown in FIG. That is,
Communication between the IC card tag attached to the spine of the book and the loop antenna is less affected by the magnetic field of the IC card tag attached to the spine of another book, and one loop antenna and a plurality of IC cards Communication with the tag can be performed. This allows more books to be placed on one rack, compared to the communication between the book-type loop antenna and the IC card tag shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.

Here, since the reader / writer is connected to the antenna switching device, the respective loop antennas do not operate simultaneously. Therefore, the loop antennas do not affect the magnetic field.

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of the storage shelf according to the present invention. FIG. 21 (a) shows a fourth embodiment of the storage shelf, and FIG.
(B) is a fifth embodiment of the storage shelf. In FIG. 21A, three racks are provided, a reader / writer 40 and an antenna switch 50 are installed on the bookshelf 80, and six cables (61 to 66) are connected from the antenna switch 50. The cable 61 is connected to the frame loop antenna along the frame on the back side of the frame 87, and the entire storage shelf 80 is
６３63 (and three loop antennas). Further, by connecting the cables 64 to 66 to three frame loop antennas installed on different storage shelves (not shown), a plurality of storage shelves can be controlled by one reader / writer and one antenna switch. .

FIG. 21 (b) shows a fifth embodiment of the storage shelf in which the loop antenna is arranged along the frame of the bottom plate, and by moving the bottom plate up and down, the loop antenna can be connected to another bottom plate. The intervals can be shifted and adjusted according to the height of the stored items. The direction of the magnetic field is the same as that of FIG. 21A in the case of the IC card tag attached to the spine of a book, and the storage loop shown in FIG. it can. According to the storage shelves shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, since the cable connecting the reader / writer and the loop antenna does not pass through the front side or the side of the shelf for taking in and out the book, the appearance is viewed from the front side. It does not detract from the aesthetics you have done.

FIG. 10 is an example block diagram of the entire article management system according to the present invention, showing the entire article management area. A management computer unit such as a personal computer for managing lending; a storage shelf unit for storing articles such as books;
The management computer section is composed of a management PC 121 (personal computer) for lending management, and a reader / writer 122 connected to the management PC. The management PC is an operation section such as a keyboard. , A display unit for displaying, and a memory as a storage means, and are connected to the reader / writer 122 and the storage shelves and the reader / writers at the entrance and exit through an interface (not shown). Also, various data are transmitted to and received from each reader / writer, and are updated and stored in these various data memories. The memory will be described later.

The storage shelves include a reader / writer 40 arranged for each shelf or a plurality of shelves, an antenna switch 50 connected to the reader / writer 40, and an antenna for each rack connected to the antenna switch. This antenna is a book-type loop antenna or a bridge loop antenna, and has a configuration as shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 20, and 21 described above. The entrance / exit portion includes a gate 111 including an antenna for detecting that an article passes through the entrance / exit, and a reader / writer 110 connected to the antenna.

FIG. 13 is a diagram of each information file representing a storage area for storing data related to article management, particularly for the memory of the management PC 121, and FIG. 13 (b) shows a book in the storage area of the memory. FIG. 13A is a memory table of the member information file, and FIG. 13C is a memory table of the inventory information file. Each storage area of memory (each information file)
The following is an explanation of library lending as an example.

In the book information file of FIG. 13B, an individual book ID is assigned to each book, and a book name and a publisher name are registered and stored as related data based on the book ID. Is updated and stored, and a lost error when the book is illegally taken out is updated and stored. Further, a rack ID that is the location of the book is stored. In this case, whether or not the book is stored at which position on the shelf or at which position on the shelf is stored as a unique shelf or rack number as a rack ID.

In the member information file shown in FIG. 13A, an individual member ID is assigned to each member who uses the library, and the member's name, address, telephone number, driver's license If the member borrows the book, that is, if the book is being borrowed, the book ID is the borrowed book ID.
Is updated and stored.

In the inventory information file shown in FIG. 13C, an individual rack ID is assigned to each rack of storage shelves (that is, to each shelf or each antenna arranged for each rack), and an association based on the rack number is given. As data, the frame is the goods management area (in the library)
Is registered and stored, and the book ID (arranged book I) of a book to be stored in each rack is stored.
D), a placement error to determine whether the book is currently on the shelf, the member ID of the lent member when the book is lent, and whether there is a loss error when the book is illegally taken out. Lost error to grasp every frame,
Etc. are updated and stored. Although not shown, the total number of shelves and the total number of shelves for totaling how many books are currently present per shelves and shelves, or how many books should be present including the lent books are stored and updated. .

These information files are stored and updated by associating the book ID, the member ID, and the shelf number as link data, and can be displayed on the display unit of the management computer. The registration storage and update storage of these data will be described later.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a reader / writer installed on the storage shelf according to the present invention. The reader / writer 40 and the antenna switching device 50 installed on the bookshelf, a frame loop antenna or a book-type loop antenna are connected to the management PC. The reader / writer 40 includes a communication interface 41, a control unit 42, a data modulation unit 43, and a data demodulation unit 44 as shown in FIG.
The control unit 42 manages the management P via the communication interface 41.
C, and the data modulating unit 43 and the data demodulating unit 44 are connected to an antenna switch 50, and the control unit 42 further transmits a signal for switching the antenna to the antenna switch 5
Send to 0.

First, a request for reading book information is made from the management PC. This is because the signal modulated by the command for reading the book ID from the data modulator 43 via the communication interface 41 and the controller 42 based on the data from the management PC, that is, the interrogation data is looped via the antenna switch. When the response data from the IC card tag is transmitted to the antenna and received by the loop antenna, the data demodulation unit 44 transmits the response data to the management PC via the reception control unit 42 and the communication interface 41.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of the antenna switch according to the present invention. The antenna switching device includes a terminal connected to each antenna (a loop antenna or a book-type loop antenna), a switch for selecting and connecting the terminal, and a control unit for controlling switching timing of the switch.
The control unit is connected to the reader / writer. Switching of each antenna can realize each operation by a switching signal from the control unit. Data for communicating with the antenna is performed by connection with a reader / writer.

Although not shown, a general changeover switch such as an electric switch using a diode switch may be used. The control unit of the antenna switch may be built in the reader / writer body, or the antenna switch may be incorporated in the reader / writer.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an IC card tag according to the present invention. The IC card tag is attached to an article such as a book, and the signal transmitted from the antenna of the reader / writer or the loop antenna connected to the reader / writer is received and received by the loop antenna 21 including the coil and the capacitor. The power is supplied from the power generation unit 22 to the control unit 23 and the memory 26 by a signal. Therefore, the IC card tag can operate without a battery. Then, the control unit 23 reads the book ID from the memory 26 based on the read command demodulated by the data demodulation unit 24, and sends out a signal modulated by the data modulation unit 25 from the loop antenna 21. Also, except for the loop antenna 21, it is included in the IC chip,
A small and thin IC card tag is realized as a card-shaped wireless tag.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a reader / writer and an IC card tag, and is an explanatory diagram in which transmission and reception are performed. The reader / writer mainly includes a transmission system block, a reception system block, a control unit, and an interface.
In the transmission system block, interrogation data is transmitted by an oscillator oscillating a carrier wave of 13.56 MHz or the like, a modulator, and a transmission amplifier. The receiving system block receives and amplifies the signal from the IC card tag, demodulates the signal by the demodulation unit, and receives and demodulates the response data. Also, transmission and reception can be performed by a single antenna using a coupler. The control unit encrypts and decrypts the modulated data and the demodulated data as necessary, and each data is connected to a management computer (management PC) such as a personal computer via an external interface from the control unit.

Here, the transmission and reception with a plurality of antennas can be performed by separating the transmission / reception section and incorporating an antenna switch, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 14 described above. Further, the IC card tag is the same as that of FIG.
The reader / writer and IC
In the communication with the card tag, data can be exchanged by transmitting and receiving question data and response data thereto.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining communication (read / write detection) based on the direction of a magnetic field when an article passes through a gate. The direction of the magnetic field of the loop antenna arranged at the gate is perpendicular to the gate surface when passing through the gate as shown in the figure, but the direction of the article when the article passes is, for example, a book E or a book F in the figure. Can be considered. Here, when the IC card tag is affixed to the front or back cover of the book, communication can be easily established when the book F is in the state (direction at the time of passing), and the book can be attached to the spine of the book. When the IC card tag is affixed, communication can be easily established when the book E is in the state (direction when passing). This is because the magnetic field direction of the loop antenna surface of the IC card tag attached to the book and the loop antenna of the gate are substantially orthogonal.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19 described above, when an IC card tag is attached to the spine of a book, and a loop-shaped conductive wire is attached to the front or back cover (or inside), the book can be viewed from two directions. Communication can be easily established for both passages in the case of Book E and Book F due to their ability to receive a magnetic field and their mutual induction. Therefore, good communication can be performed even when the storage shelves shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 20, and 21 are used and the gates shown in FIGS. 16 (described later) or 17 are used. It becomes possible.

The gate is a loop antenna in which a conductive wire orbits at least one round in a pipe-shaped hollow portion and is connected to a reader / writer through a connection portion such as a connector.
When the number of gates is one as shown in FIG. 17, that is, when there is one loop antenna, the description can be made in the same manner as the diagram showing the radio wave reach shown in FIG. Place on gate (wiring)
Since the range of the magnetic field is x meters in both directions with respect to the loop antenna to be installed, it is installed near the center of the entrance and the article passes through both sides, but passes through a position away from the gate The lower the sensitivity. Therefore, a configuration including two gates as shown in FIG. 16A can be adopted.

FIG. 16 shows an example of the configuration of a gate according to the present invention. FIG. 16 (a) is an external perspective view when two gates are connected to a reader / writer, and FIG. 16 (b) shows the length of the gate. FIG. 16C shows a circuit diagram of a connector for connecting the loop antenna and the reader / writer.

In the embodiment of FIG. 16 (a), two gates are installed near both ends of the entrance and the article passes between them, thereby setting the range of the magnetic field strength as shown in FIG. can do. In this case, the loop antenna arranged at each gate is connected to one reader / writer divided into two. The number of distributions may be increased according to the number of gates, and the distributor may be incorporated in a reader / writer (the distributor is not shown). With the two gates, the article to which the IC card tag is attached passes between the gates, so that the passage of the article can be detected. Further, when the width of the entrance is large, by installing more gates, it is possible to detect articles passing between the gates.

FIG. 16B relates to a technique for changing the gate length. The length of the gate itself can be made variable by providing two connecting portions at the upper and lower straight portions of the gate and changing the length of the gate portion between the connecting portions. In this case, the length of the loop antenna itself is changed according to the circumference (perimeter) of the gate. Even if the passing speed of the article increases due to the length of the gate, communication with the IC card tag attached to the article becomes easy.

In the connector for connecting the loop antenna and the reader / writer shown in FIG. 16C, a capacitor for resonance is connected to the loop antenna side, and is connected to the connector by a matching circuit using a transformer. This connector is installed in the cavity of the gate and is connected to the cable of the reader / writer. Here, as the set values of the capacitor and the transformer of the resonance circuit, for example, the values of L and C in the following equations are set so as to be about 13.56 MHz that is practically used in an IC card system. 1 / (2π√LC) = 13.56 MHz

Next, registration and update storage of data by communication will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 13 and related drawings. First, data registration storage will be described. Regarding the inventory information file in FIG.
As shown in the storage shelf section of FIG. 10, an installation location in which the storage area of which shelf is determined for each loop antenna is input from the operation section. A unique ID is registered for each installation location in accordance with an arbitrary ID or a predetermined format.

With respect to the book information file shown in FIG. 13B, items such as book title (book title), publisher name, book classification, and other essential items are input from the operation unit of the management PC.
When the entry of the book ID is completed, a unique ID is registered according to an arbitrary ID or a predetermined format. An IC card tag storing the ID is attached to the book whose ID is registered.

Here, if the position (the rack or the shelf) where the book is to be stored is determined, the rack I to be stored is set.
D is also stored and registered from the operation unit. In this case, the book ID is also registered in the storage area corresponding to the rack ID of the inventory information file (c) described above. Therefore a unique book ID
, A single rack ID is registered, and a plurality of book IDs are registered for a unique rack ID. Also,
If the position (the rack or shelf) where the book should be stored is not determined, the book is directly placed on an arbitrary rack or shelf, and the rack I corresponding to the rack ID area of the book information file is placed.
D is temporarily registered, and the corresponding rack I in the inventory information file is registered.
The book ID corresponding to the arrangement book area of D is temporarily registered,
The real registration can also be performed by inputting the operation for completion.

The member information file shown in FIG. 13 (a) manages required items such as the name, address, telephone number, and identification number such as a license of the applicant as a member. Is input from the operation unit. When the entry of the required member ID is completed, a unique ID is registered according to an arbitrary ID or a predetermined format. The member who becomes a member is issued a member card in which the IC card tag storing the ID is incorporated.

Next, data update storage will be described. The article lending process will be described by taking a library book lending as an example. The management computer unit in FIG. 10 includes a reader / writer 122 and a management PC 121. The reader / writer 122 is one in which the reader / writer including the antenna of FIG. 15 or the reader / writer 40 of FIG. 11 and one of the loop antennas are integrated. It is not necessary to provide an antenna switch as in the example of FIG.

In the process of renting a book, first, the reader / writer of the management computer reads the book ID from the IC card tag attached to the book, and reads the member ID of the membership card. Either may be read first. Each of the read data is the book I in the book information file (b).
The member ID is stored in the memory area of “Lending member ID” for D, and the “Lending date” of the day and the “Scheduled return date” arbitrarily determined from the lending date are calculated from the date data control of the management PC. Is stored. The member information file stores a book ID corresponding to a memory area of “borrowed book ID” for the member ID. On the other hand, when the book is taken out of the storage shelf for borrowing (lending), the “lost error” of the book ID in the book information file (b) and the frame ID in the inventory information file (c) are applicable. The "placement error" of the placed book ID is detected and marked. And by performing the lending process described above,
When the “loan member ID” of the book information file (b) is stored, the “lost error” of the file is marked, and the “placement error” mark of the inventory information file (c) is deleted and “loaned”. Is marked.

That is, when the book is taken out of the bookshelf, the inventory information file (c) and the book information file (a)
Mark is made regarding the location of the book, and by performing the lending process, the data regarding the book lending in the member information file (a) and the book information file (b) is stored, the mark regarding the location of the book is deleted, and the lending process is performed. It is completed. In addition, the display unit of the management PC becomes a display screen for prompting the input of the member ID and the book ID by inputting the operation unit which starts the lending process, and reads the book ID and the member ID from the reader / writer 122 and performs a confirmation operation. Thus, the data to be updated is updated and stored in each information file, and the lending process is completed. Also, a printer (not shown) is
When connected to C, the book name, the borrower (name of the borrowed member), the expected return date, and the like may be printed and handed out together with the book as a lending card. Further, the lending history of books and the lending history of members can be stored in a corresponding area of each information file or an area provided separately.

In the process of returning the book, the book ID is read from the IC card tag attached to the book by the reader / writer of the management computer unit. In the book information file (b), the read data is obtained by deleting the memory area of “lending member ID” for the book ID, and furthermore, “lending date”,
"Scheduled Return Date" is deleted. Further, the memory area of the “borrowed book ID” of the member ID is deleted from the member information file, and the return processing is completed. If the history of lending is stored, the member ID, book ID, lending date, return date (calculated by the date data control of the management PC), etc.
Necessary items can be stored as history data. On the other hand, by performing the above-described return processing, the "lost error" and "placement error" areas of the book information file (b) and the inventory information file (c) are marked, but are placed on the storage shelf (so-called original position). Then, the loop antenna of each frame detects the IC card tag attached to the book, and the mark of each error is deleted.

Next, a description will be given of a process for preventing unauthorized removal. A gate 111 and a reader / writer 110 are provided at the entrance of FIG. 10 and are connected to the management PC 121. The reader / writer 110 includes the reader / writer 40 of FIG. 11 and one loop antenna, and has a loop antenna installed in a cavity in the gate. FIG.
It is not necessary to provide an antenna switch as in the example of FIG. Further, in this embodiment, the antenna is a loop antenna provided at the gate, but any antenna provided at the entrance / exit portion and capable of transmitting and receiving may be used.

When the user performs the lending process, as described above, the member I of the member lending to the book information file (b)
Since D is stored in the “lending member ID”, communication with the IC card tag attached to the book is performed when passing through the gate, and if the book is in a lent state, the book can be passed as it is. . If the book tries to pass through the gate without performing the lending process, the member data is not stored in the “lending member ID” of the book ID in the book information file (b), so that it is determined that the book is illegally taken out. You. Therefore, for example, a warning sound is generated from a speaker or the like provided at the gate, and it is possible to prompt the user to perform a regular lending process.

In the case of the above-described fraudulent carry-out prevention processing, the book ID detected at the gate of the entrance / exit portion is input to the reader / writer 110.
, It is necessary to access the memory of the management PC.
Therefore, next, a description will be given of the illegal take-out processing by a simple method. When the user has performed the above-described lending process, data indicating that the book is being lent is written into the memory of the IC card tag of the borrowed book. This is, for example, assuming that the data is 1 bit, "1" is written at the time of the lending process, and "0" is written at the time of return (that is, when the lending process is not performed). It can be handled as information for preventing unauthorized removal. When the user passes through the gate with the book that has been rented, "1" is read as the above-mentioned unauthorized take-out prevention information, that is, the book is not an illegal take-out, so that the user can pass through the gate as it is. If the user tries to bring out the book without performing the lending process, “0” is read when the book passes through the gate, so that it is determined that the book is illegally taken out. With such unauthorized export processing, unauthorized export prevention processing can be performed without accessing the management PC.

When a book is attempted to be illegally taken out in this way, the above-mentioned warning sound is generated and a notification to that effect is sent to the management PC. So that it is displayed that it is about to be done. A staff member near the management computer unit can know that the book is about to be illegally taken out even if the management computer unit and the entrance are separated from each other.

In the case of performing inventory of books in the library, which is the article management area for books, an input of the start of inventory work is performed from the operation unit of the management PC. First, in the control of the inventory work, the (b) book information file and (c) the inventory information file are considered. A search is made to see if "lost error" and "placement error" of each information file are marked, and a list is displayed. If neither mark is made, each book is placed at the position of the rack where the storage shelf should be placed, or it is currently rented out and there is no problem even if the book is not in the hall.
On the other hand, when both the “lost error” and the “placement error” of each information file are marked, the book is not in the hall or placed in any of the storage shelves. Therefore, if the book is not left in a place other than the storage shelf, it can be determined that the book has been illegally taken out. If the "lost error" is not marked and only the "placement error" is marked, it is determined that the book is incorrectly placed in the storage area, that is, on the rack or shelf. The attendant returns the relevant book to the regular storage area, and the IC card tag is read by the loop antenna in the storage area, and the mark of “placement error” is deleted.

An inventory work different from the above-described inventory work will be described. Another inventory work start is input from the operation unit of the management PC. The "scheduled return date" in the book information file (b) is searched, and a list of book IDs that have already passed the scheduled date is displayed together with data such as the member name from the "lending member ID". The attendant can see the displayed data and notify the corresponding member by telephone or the like, and request that the book whose due date has passed be returned to the corresponding member from a printer or the like connected to a management PC (not shown). And the like, and the attendant can notify the member of the printed document by mail or the like. It is also possible to search for a book ID that has passed a certain period (for example, one month or six months) from the expected return date.

In addition, various inventory operations such as searching and displaying a list of books to be borrowed for each member and simultaneous contact with members can be performed. For example, books may be used in the library while the library is open. Therefore, after closing the library, inventory work on lost or placed books on shelves should be performed. For example, once every six months, books that have passed the scheduled return date Such as doing inventory work
The search and display of each information file may be formatted as needed.

Next, sales management of articles will be described. In the above description, the lending management of articles was described using the library as an example. However, when managing the sales of articles by taking the book sales of a bookstore as an example, the memory area of the member information file (a) in FIG. In the information file (b), areas relating to lending such as “lending member ID”, “lending date”, and “scheduled return date” become unnecessary. That is, it suffices if there is an area related to book registration in the book information file (b) and the inventory information file (c). The book information file (b) is provided with an area for storing the price of each book ID, the total number of the same books, and the like.
By setting the “sold” area as “sold”, it is possible to search for items that have been sold or items that have been illegally taken out. Also, sales data such as sales results can be totaled. In the case of such a sales operation, a person in charge removes an IC card tag and a loop-shaped conductive wire and hands over the book to the buyer as a sale item.
The inexpensive loop-shaped conductive wire may be structured as a rental card as described above and passed as it is as a sales questionnaire sheet or a book commercial sheet.

In the present embodiment, an example of a book management system for a library and a book sales management system for a bookstore is mainly described. However, the present invention relates to a rental business and a sales business for videos and CDs. It is possible to provide an article management system suitable for the management of various articles.

[0088]

According to the present invention, by attaching a wireless tag using a wireless IC card to an article, it is possible to perform real-time article position detection in addition to the conventional article management work, and furthermore, to prevent unauthorized removal of an article. An article management system that can perform prevention can be constructed.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the sensitivity by improving the directivity of the wireless tag with a simple configuration, and to more efficiently manage the position of the article and prevent unauthorized removal. It can be a management system.

[0090]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first example in which an IC card tag is attached to an article according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second example in which an IC card tag is attached to an article according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a first example of the storage shelf according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a first example of a book-type loop antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a second example of the book-type loop antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a second example of the storage shelf according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the magnetic field strength of a book-type loop antenna or a gate-installed loop antenna according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the magnetic field strength when two book-type loop antennas or two loop antennas with gates are arranged substantially in parallel according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a method of attaching an IC card tag to a front cover or a back cover of a book according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an example of an overall block configuration of an article management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a reader / writer installed on a storage shelf according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an IC card tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram of each information file representing a storage area for storing data related to article management, particularly regarding a memory of a management PC according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 13 (a) is a memory table diagram of a member information file, and FIG. Shows a memory table diagram of the book information file, and (c) shows a memory table diagram of the inventory information file.

FIG. 14 shows an example of the antenna switch according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a reader / writer and an IC card tag according to the present invention, and is an explanatory diagram in which transmission and reception are performed.

FIGS. 16A and 16B show configuration examples of a gate according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 16A is an external perspective view when two gates are connected to a reader / writer, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a circuit diagram of a connector for connecting a loop antenna and a reader / writer.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating communication (read / write detection) based on the direction of a magnetic field when an article passes through a gate according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a third example according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which an IC card tag is attached to an article.

FIG. 19 is an example in which an IC card tag and a loop-shaped conductive wire are attached to an article according to the embodiment of the present invention;
(A) is an explanatory diagram in which a loop-shaped conductive wire is arranged on a front cover or a back cover, (b) is an explanatory diagram of a magnetic field direction by an IC card tag and a loop-shaped conductive wire, and (c) is a capacitor connected to the loop-shaped conductive wire (D) is a diagram of a structural example in which a loop-shaped conductive wire is sandwiched and fixed by a piece of paper.

FIG. 20 is a third example of the storage shelf according to the embodiment of the present invention.

21A and 21B are diagrams illustrating working examples of a storage shelf according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21A is a fourth working example of the storage shelf, and FIG. 21B is a fifth working example of the storage shelf.

FIG. 22 is an example of a book used in a conventional book management system.

FIG. 23 is an example of a membership card used in a conventional book management system.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Book, 2 ... Barcode, 3 ... Membership card (conventional) 20 ... IC card tag, 20a, 20b ... IC card tag with different sticking positions, 80 ... Storage shelf (book shelf), 81, 8
2, 83, 84, 85, 86 ... frame, 87, 88, 89
… Frame, 30, 30a, 30b… book type loop antenna, 30g, 30h… book type loop antenna, 31…
Loop antenna (used for book-type loop antenna), 32 connector (used for book-type loop antenna), 35 book-end type, 40 reader-writer (installed on storage shelf), 50 antenna switch , 61, 6
2, 63, 64, 65, 66 ... cables, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9: position where the IC card tag is attached to the book, 121: management PC, 122: reader / writer (installed in the management computer), 111: gate, 110: reader / writer (installation in the entrance / exit), 41 communication interface, 42 control unit, 43 data modulation unit, 44 data demodulation unit, 21 loop antenna (IC card tag), 2
2 Power supply generation unit 23 Control unit 26 Memory

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hideki Aridome 3-14-20 Higashinakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo International Electric Company (72) Inventor Yukio Otani 3-14-20 Higashinakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo International F-term (Reference) in Electric Co., Ltd.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A first antenna attached to an entrance / exit gate of an article management area, a first reader / writer connected to the first antenna, and at least one at least one apparatus installed in the article management area. Including a second antenna attached to the storage area using each of the storage shelves as a storage area, a second reader / writer device connected to the second antenna, and an antenna attached to each of the plurality of articles An IC card tag, and an information management device connected to the first reader / writer device and the second reader / writer device for managing each of the plurality of articles, wherein the first reader / writer device is Detecting whether each of the plurality of articles is in the article management area by communication with each of the IC card tags,
The article management system, wherein the second reader / writer detects whether or not each of the plurality of articles is arranged in a storage area by communicating with each of the IC card tags. 2. A third reader / writer device is connected to the information management device, the third reader / writer device including a third antenna, and taking or bringing the plurality of articles out of an article management area. 2. A process for detecting and updating the information in a storage area of the information management apparatus.
Article management system according to the description. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:
A C-card tag is attached, a loop-shaped conductive wire is attached to any other surface different from the one surface, and an electromagnetic induction action is performed between the tag antenna of the IC card tag and the loop-shaped conductive wire. An article management system according to claim 1. 4. The article management system according to claim 3, wherein said IC card tag and said loop-shaped conductive wire are arranged on any one of the surfaces of the article so as to be located substantially orthogonal to each other. 5. The article management system according to claim 3, wherein said loop-shaped conductive wires are connected in resonance by a capacitor connection. 6. The loop-shaped conductive wire is changed in accordance with the size of each article by adjusting the number of turns or the diameter or the number of turns and the diameter of the conductive wire. 5. The article management system according to any one of 5. 7. An information management device, comprising: a memory area for storing data relating to the article together with a unique article ID;
A memory area for storing data relating to the storage area together with a unique storage area ID, and a memory area for storing data relating to the carry-out or carry-in processing together with a unique member ID; the article ID and the storage area ID; 7. The article management system according to claim 1, wherein each of the memory areas is updated and stored using the member ID as link data. 8. When taking out or bringing in the article, the article ID and the member ID are detected by the third antenna included in the third reader / writer device, and each memory area is updated and stored. The article management system according to claim 7, wherein the processing is performed. 9. The book according to claim 1, wherein each of said articles is a book, and books are managed by a book management facility.
Item management system according to any one of the above. 10. Each of the articles is a book, and one side of the book to which the IC card tag is attached is a spine, and the other side of the book to which the loop-shaped conductive wire is attached is a front or back cover. The article management system according to claim 3, wherein: 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the articles is a lending item, and performs lending management of a lending business.
0. The article management system according to any one of 0. 12. The article management system according to claim 3, wherein said loop-shaped conductive wire is inserted into each article as a take-out card. 13. The article management system according to claim 1, wherein each of said articles is a sale item, and manages the sale of articles in a store.