JP2001056178A - Microwave dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make dry stuff that can be used as the fodder of livestock by drying good quality raw garbage. SOLUTION: Raw garbage is charged into a fixed tank 10 and agitating blades 43 are rotated to agitate the raw garbage. At this time, hot air is blown from a hot air supplier 20 and microwave is radiated from a microwave supplier 30 into the fixed tank 10. The raw garbage inside the fixed tank 10 is heated uniformly being heated from a surface side by the hot air and heated from inside by microwave induction heating, and dried uniformly to the dried stuff in a short time. As the raw garbage is dried without either being excessively heated or being carbonized, the raw garbage can be dried to the dried stuff having the optimum moisture content and the dried stuff usable as the fodder of the domestic livestock can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a microwave drier capable of drying garbage to an optimum water content in order to convert good-quality garbage into livestock feed. In the present invention, the garbage is put into a fixed tank and stirred, and heated using heat (hot air or a heating medium) and microwaves to dry the garbage to the optimum water content. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, recycling of garbage has become an important issue in environmental measures, and instead of conventional incineration and landfill treatment, attention has been paid to bioprocessing and drying treatments that can reuse garbage. Have been.

[0003] In addition to the rising costs of collecting garbage, there has been a change in management attitude toward the acquisition of ISO14001, and food processing factories, food service industries, food service centers, hospitals, welfare facilities, etc. The market size of the commercial garbage disposers targeted is expanding year by year.

[0004] Commercial garbage processing machines employ a bio-method in which garbage is decomposed by using microorganisms or a carbonization treatment system in which garbage is heated to high temperature to be carbonized to convert garbage into compost. Is the current mainstream.

On the other hand, in food processing factories, bento and prepared food factories, a large amount of garbage (vegetables, cooked rice,
Meat, fried foods, pasta, etc.). In supermarkets and convenience stores, expired foods are collected by a delivery vehicle from a store to a collection place and then discarded, so that the expired foods become garbage. In recent years, in food processing factories and stores, garbage is thoroughly stored and refrigerated, and the quality of garbage is good, and it is not dirty or decomposed.

[0006]

When composting high-quality garbage generated in a food processing factory or the like, the added value is low (the compost price is low). However, adding garbage to feed instead of compost will add value. That is,
If a dried product obtained by drying garbage can be used as a raw material for a compound feed, resources can be effectively used, and this dry product can be recycled and used as an expensive product (a raw material for a compound feed). It can also contribute to increasing the self-sufficiency of livestock feed, which is mainly imported.

By the way, in order to convert raw garbage into livestock feed, it is necessary to dry the raw garbage excessively and uniformly dry it to an optimum water content without carbonizing the raw garbage. A sterilizing effect can be obtained and the device can be easily washed).

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a microwave dryer capable of drying garbage to an optimum moisture content in order to convert the garbage into livestock feed.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided a stationary tank having a cylindrical drum shape and having a center axis inclined with respect to a horizontal plane.
A hot air supply device that generates hot air and circulates hot air in the fixed tank, a microwave supply device that supplies microwaves in the fixed tank, and a stirring blade rotating in the fixed tank to fix the hot air A stirrer that stirs the object to be treated put into the tank in the fixed tank, and scrapes the object from the inclined lower part inside the fixed tank to the inclined upper part. It is characterized by comprising.

[0010] Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a fixed tank having a cylindrical drum shape and arranged with its central axis inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and a heat medium flowing along an outer peripheral surface of the fixed tank. A heat transfer heating device that transfers heat into the fixed tank, a microwave supply device that supplies microwaves into the fixed tank, and a stirring blade is rotated in the fixed tank to be put into the fixed tank. A stirrer that agitates the processed object from the inclined lower portion inside the fixed tank to the inclined upper portion while stirring the processed object in the fixed tank; and the fixed tank. It is characterized by comprising a vacuum device for sucking and discharging the gas inside to the outside.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a microwave dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment> First, a microwave dryer 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the microwave dryer 1 includes a fixed tank 10, a hot air supply device 20, a microwave supply device 30, and a stirring device 40 as main members. In the microwave dryer 1, the garbage thrown into the fixed tank 10 is stirred by the stirrer 40,
The hot air from the hot air supply device 20 and the microwave supply device 3
It is heated by a microwave according to 0 and dried to an optimum moisture content. The configuration of each part of the microwave dryer 1 will be described sequentially.

The fixed tank 10 has a cylindrical drum shape, and is disposed with its central axis inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. The hatch 11 for inputting the garbage is
The fixed tank 10 is attached to the upper peripheral surface so as to be freely opened and closed.
Further, an extraction hatch 12 serving as an outlet for the dried product is attached to the left end surface of the fixed tank 10. The removal hatch 12 comes into close contact with the left end face of the fixed tank 10 and is clamped by a clamp mechanism (not shown) to close the outlet. The clamping mechanism is released and the removal hatch 12 is moved to the left end face of the fixed tank 10. The take-out port is opened by separating from the port.

The duct 21 of the hot air supply device 20 has a duct outlet 21 a communicating with the right end face of the fixed tank 10, and a duct inlet section 21 b communicating with the left end face of the fixed tank 10. As a result, a circulation ventilation path is formed along the duct 21 → the fixed tank 10 → the duct 21.

The hot air supply device 20 is interposed in a duct 21. This hot air supply device 20 burns fuel gas,
The high-temperature combustion gas generated by the combustion is blown into the duct 21. The circulating blower 23 is interposed in the duct 21 and blows air in the duct 21 from the duct inlet 21b to the duct outlet 21a. Therefore, the high-temperature combustion gas flows along the circulation ventilation path, and the high-temperature combustion gas flows in the fixed tank 10. Further, the exhaust port 22 is attached to the duct 21 and discharges the steam contained in the circulating gas to the outside.

The microwave oscillator 31 of the microwave supply device 30 generates a microwave. The waveguide 32 is a tube member that guides the microwave generated by the microwave oscillator 31 into the fixed tank 10, and is inserted into the fixed tank 10 from the right end face side of the fixed tank 10.

A Teflon (registered trademark) cap 33 is attached to the open end of the waveguide 32. Since the Teflon cap 33 is made of Teflon that can completely transmit microwaves, it does not hinder microwave propagation and radiation. This Teflon cap 33
Therefore, it is possible to prevent dust and the like from entering the waveguide 32.

The waveguide 32 is provided with an isolator 34. The isolator 34 absorbs the reflected microwave power that is reflected from the radiated microwave in the fixed tank 10 and returns through the waveguide 32. For this reason, the microwave reflected power does not return to the microwave oscillator 31, and the microwave oscillator 31 is prevented from being damaged due to the return of the microwave reflected power.

The rotating shaft 41 of the stirring device 40 is
And is rotatably supported by bearings 42a and 42b. A plurality of stirring blades 43 are attached to the rotating shaft 41. Each stirring blade 43
Extends outward from the rotation shaft 41 in the radial direction, and the tip thereof is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the fixed tank 10. Moreover, the tip portion 43a of each stirring blade 43 is formed of Teflon through which microwaves are completely transmitted.

Further, the rotational force of the electric motor 44 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 41 via the speed reducer 45. Therefore, when the electric motor 44 is rotated forward, the stirring blades 43 rotate forward in the fixed tank 10, and the garbage introduced into the fixed tank 10 is stirred and tilted to the lower side. The garbage can be scraped up from the left space to the right space that is inclined upward.

Here, the operation of the microwave dryer 1 having the above configuration will be described in accordance with the processing procedure of garbage.

The charging hatch 11 is opened, and high-quality garbage generated in a food processing factory or the like is collectively charged into the fixed tank 10. Thereafter, the charging hatch 11 is closed. At this time, the takeout hatch 12 is also closed. The water content of the raw garbage to be charged is 80 to 60%.

By controlling the driving of the electric motor 44 of the stirring device 40, the stirring blade 43 is rotated forward. At the same time, the hot air supply device 20 is operated to circulate hot air into the fixed tank 10. As the plurality of stirring blades 43 rotate, the garbage thrown into the fixed tank 10 is stirred in the internal space of the fixed tank 10. Therefore, the garbage is heated while being efficiently contacted with the hot air while being stirred in the fixed tank 10.

Further, since the fixed tank 10 is arranged in an inclined state, the garbage naturally collects in the left space portion in the fixed tank 10, but the collected garbage is rotated by the stirring blade 43 in the forward rotation. By doing so, it is scraped up from the left space portion inclined downward to the right space portion inclined upward. As a result, the movement of the garbage to the left due to the inclination of the fixed tub 10 and the operation of scraping the garbage to the right by the stirring blades 43 are balanced, so that the garbage is uniformly dispersed inside the fixed tub 10. I do. From this point as well, the garbage is efficiently heated in the fixed tank 10 while being in contact with the hot air.

Since the garbage is heated by the hot air, the water contained therein evaporates and dries. Heating by hot air is performed by conducting heat from the surface of the garbage to the inside, so that the garbage dries in order from the surface side.

When a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the start of the hot air heating, the microwave supply device 30 is operated to emit microwaves into the fixed tank 10 while the heating by the hot air supply device 20 is continued. . Therefore, the garbage is also heated by microwaves (microwave induction heating).

At the time of this microwave heating, since the metal stirring blade 43 is rotating in the circumferential direction, the electric field intensity in the fixed tank 10 changes as the stirring blade 43 moves. That is, the intensity of the radio wave distribution of the microwave changes without becoming a standing wave in the fixed tank 10, so that the microwave (radio wave) is stirred in the fixed tank 10. As a result,
The emitted microwaves are efficiently and reliably absorbed by the garbage. Thus, the garbage in the fixed tank 10 can be dried by microwave heating without unevenness.

Further, since the tip portion 43a of the stirring blade 43 is made of Teflon, electric charges due to microwaves do not accumulate in the tip portion 43a, and the tip portion 43a
No electric discharge is generated.

The microwave heating is performed by using garbage (dielectric).
This is so-called "internal heating" in which microwaves penetrating into the inside of the garbage are converted into heat by dielectric loss to heat the inside of the garbage, so that rapid heating is possible and the action of pushing out the moisture inside is provided. Heating with hot air
It is so-called "external heating" in which garbage is heated from the front side. Since garbage is heated by external heating by hot air and internal heating by microwaves, the inside and the outside are uniformly heated, and are dried in a short time without drying unevenness.

That is, when the water content of the garbage decreases, the drying speed becomes slower and the drying time becomes longer only by hot-air drying. Moisture is pushed out to the surface, and the drying speed is increased to shorten the drying time. In addition, since microwaves are selectively absorbed in a high water content and generate heat, drying unevenness is less likely to occur, and uniform drying can be promoted.

The garbage is heated and dried, and changes into a dried product. This dried product has been sterilized by temperature rise and microwave irradiation.

The dried product obtained by drying the garbage is mixed with a stirring blade 4
By being stirred by 3, the mixture is crushed and finely formed into granules. When the water content of the dried product reaches a target water content (for example, 10%), the heating by the hot air supply device 20 and the microwave supply device 30 is stopped, and the electric motor 44 is stopped to stop the rotation of the stirring blade 43. I do.

Next, the clamp is released to remove the hatch 12.
Is separated from the left end face of the fixed tank 10. Thereby, the fixed tank 1
The left end surface of the "0" can be largely opened, and the entire left end surface can be made a wide outlet to smoothly discharge and discharge the dried product.

By controlling the electric motor 44 to rotate the stirring blade 43 in the reverse direction when discharging and discharging the dried product, the dried product can be positively pushed down by the stirring blade 43 to transfer and discharge the dried product. In addition, removal of the dried product can be easily performed in a short time.

The volume of the dried product having the target water content (for example, 10%) is about 1/5 of the volume of the original garbage (water content is 80 to 60%), and is reduced. Therefore, the transport and storage of the dried product can be easily performed. In addition, since the microwaves are irradiated while being heated, the propagation of microorganisms in the dried product is suppressed and the safety is high. Therefore, this dried product can be effectively used as a raw material of the compound feed.

Further, since the microwave supply device 30 is operated during drying, power consumption can be reduced. In addition, according to the input amount and water content of the garbage, the temperature of the hot air generated from the hot air supply device 20, the input timing of the microwave heating, and the drying time are optimally adjusted to save energy. I have.

Further, when the drying process is completed, the charging hatch 11 and the discharging hatch 12 are opened to clean the inside of the fixed tank 10, so that the dryer can be used hygienically.

<Second Embodiment> Next, a microwave dryer 101 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the microwave dryer 101 includes a fixed tank 10, a microwave supply device 30,
The stirring device 40, the heat transfer heating device 50, and the evacuation device 6
0 is a main member. In the microwave dryer 101, the garbage put into the fixed tank 10 is heated by the heat transfer by the heat transfer heating device 50 and the microwave by the microwave supply device 30 while being stirred by the stirring device 40. , And dried to the optimum moisture content. Since the fixed tank 10, the microwave supply device 30, and the stirring device 40 are the same as those of the first embodiment, the heat transfer heating device 50, which is different from the first embodiment, The description will focus on the device 60.

The jacket 51 of the heat transfer heating device 50 is arranged so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the fixed tank 10 with a space between the jacket 51 and the outer peripheral surface of the fixed tank 10. For this reason, the fixed tank 1
A heat medium flow passage 52 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the outer sleeve 0 and the inner peripheral surface of the jacket 51. A high-temperature heat medium (for example, high-temperature steam) is supplied from an inlet 52 a of the heat medium flow passage 52, and the heat medium flows through the heat medium flow passage 52, and is discharged from the outlet 5 a.
2b. As described above, the heat medium flows through the heat medium flow passage 5.
2, that is, the heat medium flows along the outer peripheral surface of the fixed tank 10, so that the heat of the heat medium is transferred to the fixed tank 1.
0, the garbage thrown into the fixed tank 10 is heated by the transmitted heat.

One end of a tube 61 of the vacuuming device 60 communicates with the left end surface of the fixed tank 10, and the other end of the tube 61 communicates with a vacuum pump 62. When the evacuation pump 62 operates, the gas (including steam and the like) in the fixed tank 10 is sucked and discharged to the outside through the pipe member 61, and the pressure in the fixed tank 10 is reduced.

In the microwave dryer 101 according to the second embodiment, when the garbage is put into the fixed tank 10, the garbage is stirred by the stirrer 40, and the heat transfer of the heat transfer heating device 50 is performed. A heat medium is passed through the passage 52 to heat the garbage by heat transfer.

When a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the start of the heating by the heat transfer, the microwave supply device 30 is operated while the heat transfer heating by the heat transfer heating device 50 is continued, and the microwave is fixed to the fixed tank. Radiate into 10. Therefore, the garbage is also heated by the microwave. When performing microwave heating, the vacuum pump 62 is operated to suck and discharge the gas in the fixed tank 10. For this reason, the pressure in the fixed tank 10 is reduced to effectively evaporate the moisture from the garbage, and the generated steam is efficiently discharged to the outside, so that the drying efficiency is improved as a whole.

When the moisture content of the dried product reaches the target moisture (for example, 10%), the heating by the heat transfer heating device 50 and the microwave supply device 30 is stopped, and the electric motor 4
4, the rotation of the stirring blade 43 is stopped, and the operation of the evacuation device 60 is stopped.

Next, the clamp is released to remove the hatch 12.
Is separated from the left end face of the fixed tank 10. Thereby, the fixed tank 1
The left end surface of the "0" can be largely opened, and the entire left end surface can be made a wide outlet to smoothly discharge and discharge the dried product.

By controlling the electric motor 44 to rotate the stirring blade 43 in the reverse direction when discharging and discharging the dried product, the dried product can be positively pushed down by the stirring blade 43 to transfer and discharge the dried product. In addition, removal of the dried product can be easily performed in a short time.

[0048]

As described in detail with the above embodiments, the microwave dryer according to the present invention has a fixed drum having a cylindrical drum shape and whose central axis is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. A hot air supply device that generates hot air and distributes hot air in the fixed tank, a microwave supply device that supplies microwaves in the fixed tank, and rotating a stirring blade in the fixed tank. While stirring the object to be treated put in the fixed tank in the fixed tank, the object to be treated is stirred up from the inclined lower part inside the fixed tank to the inclined upper part. It is configured as an apparatus.

According to the present invention, the garbage can be uniformly heated in a short time by heating with hot air and microwaves while stirring the garbage in the fixed tank. Thus, a dried product which can be effectively used as livestock feed can be obtained.

Further, the microwave dryer according to the present invention comprises a fixed tank having a cylindrical drum shape and having a center axis inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and a heating medium along the outer peripheral surface of the fixed tank. A heat transfer heating device that transfers heat to the inside of the fixed tank by circulating, a microwave supply device that supplies microwaves to the inside of the fixed tank, and a stirring tank that rotates by stirring blades in the fixed tank. While stirring the object to be processed put in the fixed tank, a stirring device that scrapes the object to be processed from the inclined lower part inside the fixed tank to the inclined upper part, It is constituted by a vacuuming device for sucking and discharging the gas inside the fixed tank to the outside.

With this configuration, in the present invention, the garbage is heated by heat transfer and microwave while being stirred in the fixed tank, and is uniformly dried in a short time to the optimum moisture content. The dried product can be effectively used as livestock feed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a microwave dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a microwave dryer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microwave dryer 10 Fixed tank 11 Input hatch 12 Extraction hatch 20 Hot air supply device 21 Duct 21a Duct outlet 21b Duct inlet 22 Exhaust port 23 Circulating blower 30 Microwave supply device 31 Microwave oscillator 32 Waveguide 33 Teflon cap 34 Isolator 40 Stirrer 41 Rotary shaft 42a, 42b Bearing 43 Stirrer blade 43a Tip 44 Motor 45 Reducer 50 Heat transfer heating device 51 Jacket 52 Heat medium flow passage 60 Vacuum device 61 Tube material 62 Vacuum pump

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Asahara 4-62 Kannon Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima F-term in Hiroshima Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 3L113 AA05 AA07 AB06 AC03 AC13 AC24 AC44 AC45 AC46 AC48 AC49 AC51 AC57 AC58 AC63 AC67 AC79 BA01 CA02 CB02 CB08 CB16 CB24 CB28 CB29 CB34 DA10 DA11

Claims (2)

[Claims] A fixed tank having a cylindrical drum shape and having a central axis inclined with respect to a horizontal plane; a hot air supply device for generating hot air and flowing hot air through the fixed tank; A microwave supply device that supplies microwaves into the fixed tank; and a stirring blade is rotated in the fixed tank to stir an object to be processed into the fixed tank while stirring the object in the fixed tank. A stirrer for agitating the treated material from an inclined lower part inside the fixed tank to an inclined upper part. 2. A fixed tank having a cylindrical drum shape and having a central axis inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and a heat medium flowing along an outer peripheral surface of the fixed tank to enter the inside of the fixed tank. A heat transfer heating device that transmits heat; a microwave supply device that supplies microwaves into the fixed tank; and a processing object that is put into the fixed tank by rotating stirring blades in the fixed tank. A stirring device that agitates the object to be processed from the inclined lower part inside the fixed tank to the inclined upper part while stirring the object in the fixed tank; A microwave dryer characterized by comprising a vacuum device for sucking and discharging air.