JP2000280805A - Impact absorbing seat for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure security of a human body when dashed from behind and mitigate impact on the upper half of the human body and head part by means of expansion of an air bag and approach of a wheel to a driver for vehicle front destruction at the time of front collision. SOLUTION: A toothed disc 21 is provided in one side of a rear frame 17 in the backrest side of a supporting member 20 and a toothed constraint plate 23 moving back and forth in one side of the seat frame is provided to engage the tooth part of the toothed constraint plate 23 with the tooth part 21A of the toothed disc 21 from the direction of forward downward approximately 45 deg.. The toothed constraint plate 23 is held in the pressed condition by the force of a spring toward the toothed disc 21 and rotates only in the direction of the backrest part 15 backwardly inclining. The toothed constraint plate 23 comprises a lock/unlock function R which maintains both tooth parts engaging with each other and releases engagement by means of sensors G1 and G2 sensing automobile front collision or dashing from behind.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock-absorbing sheet for alleviating an impact force applied to a driver or the like generated at the time of a frontal collision or a rear collision of a vehicle (a passenger car, a cab-over truck or the like), and more particularly to a frontal collision or a rearward. The present invention relates to a shock absorbing sheet in which a backrest portion such as a driver's seat is tilted rearward by a free angle or a predetermined angle to a rearwardly inclined posture based on information detected from a rear-end collision.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The impact force on a driver or the like generated at the time of a frontal collision or a rear-end collision of various automobiles is large on the head and upper body of a human body regardless of whether the automobile is equipped with a seatbelt or an airbag. The detailed mechanism is shown in Fig. 2.
6 will be described. As shown in FIG. 26A, the driver 3 sitting on the driver's seat 1 wears the seat belt 5. Here, if the driver's own car "front collisions" with the preceding car, as shown in FIG. 26 (b), the driver 3 can move forward with the driver's seat 1 and the car that suddenly decelerates due to the collision. The chest is compressed by the seat belt 5 and the head violently swings forward. At this time, if the vehicle is equipped with an air bag, the air bag 10 explodes and inflates at a speed of 320 km / h as shown in FIG. 26C. The impact force pushes up the chin of the face and strongly presses against the backrest 7. Further, at this time, the front portion of the car is crushed and the steering wheel 9 is moved into the driver's seat 1.
May enter, or the vehicle body may be crushed, enter the driver's seat 1, and strongly pinch the human body with the backrest 7, resulting in pressure death.

[0003] Further, when the following vehicle collides with its own vehicle in the "back-end collision", as shown in FIG.
The rear-end collision force from the following vehicle causes the driver's seat and the driver's seat 1 to suddenly and rapidly accelerate forward, and the body is strongly pressed by the backrest. Further, the head violently swings backward and is strongly hit against the headrest. Immediately after this,
As shown in FIG. 26E, the reaction of the impact force causes
The driver 3 is pressed against the upper body by the seat belt 5, and his head violently swings forward. This results in whiplash in the neck in most rear-end collisions.

[0004] Even in a vehicle equipped with the seat belt 5 and the airbag 10, injuries and deaths to the human body at the time of "front collision" or "back-end collision" cannot be avoided. Therefore,
In order to minimize injuries to the human body even in the event of the above-mentioned accidents, there have been provided many seats modified to absorb the impact force at the time of collision. Specific examples thereof are disclosed in JP-A-60-189661 and JP-B-51-1288.
No. 8; Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-54247;
No. 1845 has been proposed.

[0005] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-189661 discloses that
In the vehicle, the backrest of the seat is unlocked by utilizing the fact that the vehicle body is distorted due to the collision of the vehicle, so that the seat can be rotated backward at an appropriate angle. As a result, the lock pin 7 of the seat is released, the backrest becomes free, and the seat rotates backward with the inclination set to about 45 degrees, and the person in the seat is not accelerated by the shoulder. The influence is reduced and whiplash can be prevented.

[0006] However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-189661 has a problem. First, when the vehicle is hit by a following vehicle, the backrest rotates largely to the rear in a free state up to about 45 degrees, so that the backrest violently collides with the knees of the person sitting in the rear seat, causing serious injury. Furthermore, when the backrest is unlocked, the backrest also rotates greatly forward, so if the lock is accidentally released during a frontal collision, there is a risk that the backrest will fall down to the steering wheel side and cause a fatal injury to the driver. is there.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 51-12888 and Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 56-54247 absorb the shock force caused by a rear-end collision from a following vehicle by elastically displacing the backrest portion rearward. It is a safety seat. As the shock absorbing means, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-12888 uses an absorber, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-54247 uses a plastic deformation of a concave portion of a connecting arm fitted to a connector to absorb shock energy. It is. However, according to this safety seat, at the time of a frontal collision with the vehicle in front, the backrest tilts forward, so in a vehicle equipped with an airbag, not only the impact force on the face due to instantaneous inflation of the airbag doubles, When the driver approaches the steering wheel or the like due to the destruction of the front of the vehicle, the driver may be severely squeezed, causing a fatal injury.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 7-1845 relates to a seat back frame structure of an automobile seat. Frame base 8 supported by seat cushion 2
And a rest part 5 forming a backrest part are connected by a metal cylindrical body 6. When a rear-end collision occurs, the impact causes the upper body of the occupant to be impacted on the seat back 3, and the rest 5
Is applied to rotate the back. The frame base 8 is fixed by being supported by the seat cushion 2, and applies a torsional force to the metallic cylinder 6 interposed therebetween. Since one end is fixed to the rest portion 5 and the other end is fixed to the frame base 8, the metallic cylinder 6 is deformed when an impact force is applied.

Therefore, the deformation of the metallic cylinder 6 causes the seat back 3 to rotate in the load direction of the occupant's upper body and absorb the impact. However, the seat back 3 does not start rotating unless a large impact load from the occupant's upper body is applied during a rear-end collision. Therefore, in the case of an occupant having a low weight such as a child, it is difficult to absorb impact energy. Further, at the time of a frontal collision, the impact force on the face due to the instantaneous inflation of the airbag cannot be reduced in a vehicle equipped with an airbag.
Further, when the driver approaches the steering wheel or the like due to the destruction of the front of the vehicle, the driver may be severely squeezed, resulting in a fatal injury.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of various conventional safety seats for vehicles. In other words, by controlling the backrest to fall gently only to the rear at the time of a frontal collision of the vehicle or a rear-end collision, the safety of the human body at the time of a rear-end collision is ensured, and the airbag inflation and Even by approaching the driver's side such as the steering wheel due to the destruction of the front of the car, the impact force on the upper body and head of the human body is reduced, so that the driver will not be shocked or severely oppressed. An object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorbing sheet that does not cause serious injury.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle, wherein a back frame supporting a backrest portion is tilted forward by a support member with respect to a seat frame supporting a seat portion. Connected to be able to tilt backward, a toothed disk is attached to one side of the support member of the back frame on the backrest side, and a toothed restraint plate is attached to one side of the seating frame of the support member so as to be movable back and forth, By the urging means, the teeth of the toothed restraining plate are moved forward and downward by about 45
The backrest can be rotated only in the backward tilt direction by pressing and meshing from the degree direction.Also, both teeth are always locked in the meshed state with the toothed restraining plate, and a frontal collision or rear collision of the vehicle at the time of collision Control means for releasing the lock in response to the operation of the sensor for detecting the pressure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an impact absorbing seat for a vehicle, wherein a back frame supporting a backrest is connected to a seat frame supporting a seat portion by a support member so as to be tiltable forward and backward. A toothed disk is attached to one side of the support member of the rear frame, and a toothed restraint plate is attached to one side of the seat frame of the support member so as to be movable back and forth. The toothed portion of the toothed disc is pressed and meshed with the toothed portion of the toothed disc from about 45 degrees below and forward so that the backrest can rotate only in the backward tilt direction. Control means for locking the teeth in a meshing state and releasing the lock in response to the operation of a sensor for detecting a frontal collision or a rear-end collision of the vehicle at the time of a collision, and further comprising a control means for controlling the toothed restraint plate When releasing from the attached disk Characterized in that the tilting after parts with a 傾規 system means after constraining at a predetermined angle.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to the first or second aspect, wherein the control means comprises a motor driven by an operation signal of a sensor. The lock is released by releasing the backrest by the reverse biasing of the motor or the reclining lever.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle impact absorbing sheet according to the first or second aspect, the control means includes an electromagnetic actuator which is energized by an operation signal of a sensor. The lock of the tooth portion is released, and the lock is achieved by reverse biasing of the electromagnetic actuator or release of the backrest portion by the reclining lever.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to the second aspect.
The rearward inclination restricting means includes a stop body engaged and disengaged with a projection provided on the toothed disk, and an operating body connected to the control means and engaged and disengaged with respect to the projection. It is characterized by.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to the second aspect.
The above-mentioned rearward inclination restricting means is characterized by comprising a stop body which engages and disengages with a projection attached to the toothed disk, and an electromagnetic actuator which engages and disengages the stop body in conjunction with control means.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the impact absorbing sheet is provided between the toothed disc and the seat frame. A shock absorber for buffering the rearward tilting force of the backrest is connected.

[0018]

According to the shock absorbing seat for a vehicle according to the first aspect, during normal operation of the vehicle, the control means locks the toothed restraining plate meshing with the toothed disk attached to the back frame on the backrest side. The backrest is fixed in a predetermined posture. Now, when the driving vehicle "collides with the vehicle ahead" or an obstacle, the sensor detects the impact and activates the control means to release the lock between the toothed restraining plate and the toothed disk. At this time, the toothed restraining plate and the toothed disc are in mesh with each other, and the teeth of the toothed restraining plate are meshed with the teeth of the toothed disc from about 45 degrees below the front. When the backrest rotates in the backward tilting direction, the toothed restraint plate acts to push back the toothed disk, thereby enabling rotation. But,
When rotating in the forward leaning direction, the toothed restraining plate cannot push back the toothed disc and acts to retract, so that it cannot rotate and is rotated only in the backward leaning direction.

Since the rotation of the backrest portion in the forward leaning direction is restricted as described above, if the vehicle and this driver's seat are suddenly decelerated by a frontal collision, the driver may be wearing a seat belt. The seat belt prevents the body from plunging forward. However, when the head starts to swing forward, if the vehicle is equipped with an airbag, the upper body and the head of the human body may be moved by the inflation of the airbag and the approach of the steering wheel to the driver side due to the destruction of the front of the vehicle. Pushed backwards. At this time, the backrest portion together with the upper body and the head falls down to the rearwardly inclined posture only rearward, and the death of the driver or the like is reduced. Also, even in a car without an air bag, the driver leans between the backrest and the steering wheel, etc. approaching due to the destruction of the front of the car, because the backrest falls down backward only at the time of a frontal collision. The possibility of being pinched and crushed is reduced.

On the other hand, in the case of a "rear-end collision" in which the following vehicle collides with the own vehicle, the own vehicle and the driver's seat are suddenly accelerated forward by a rear-end collision force from the following vehicle. For this reason, the chest is strongly pressed against the backrest,
The situation where the head is strongly hit against the headrest is avoided. That is, when the upper body and the head of the human body are pushed rearward, the backrest also falls backward, and the upper body and the head of the driver are protected from impact. Immediately after this, the reaction of the above-mentioned impact force acts, but since the upper body and the head of the driver and the like are inclined backward, the head and the upper body are not thrown forward. In particular, there is no head swinging motion,
The whiplash of the neck can be prevented.

The impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to the second aspect functions similarly to the impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to the first aspect. First, during normal operation of the automobile, the toothed restraining plate meshing with the toothed disk attached to the back frame on the backrest side is locked by the control means, and the backrest is fixed in a predetermined posture. Now, when the driving vehicle "collides with the vehicle ahead" or an obstacle, the sensor detects the impact and activates the control means to release the lock between the toothed restraining plate and the toothed disk. At this time, the toothed restraining plate and the toothed disc are in mesh with each other, and the teeth of the toothed restraining plate are meshed with the teeth of the toothed disc from about 45 degrees below and forward. For this reason, when the backrest rotates in the backward tilt direction, the toothed restraining plate acts to push back the toothed disk and can be rotated. However, when rotating in the forward leaning direction, the toothed restraint plate cannot push back the toothed disc and acts to retract, so that rotation becomes impossible, and it is rotated only in the backward tilting direction. Further, the rearward tilting of the backrest portion is forcibly restrained at a predetermined angle by the rearward tilt restricting means. As a result, the rearward tilt of the backrest portion is restrained at a predetermined angle, and the risk that the occupant sitting in the front seat is thrown backward is avoided. Then, the occupant sitting in the rear seat is not hit hard by the rearward tilt of the front backrest, and the safety is ensured.

According to the third aspect, the control means releases the lock by the motor which is energized by the operation signal from the sensor for detecting various collisions. Can be moved in synchronization with the impact of various collisions. Further, since the control means for locking the backrest portion is performed by the reverse rotation of the motor or the reclining lever, the locking operation can be quickly performed, and the locking can be reliably performed even if the electric circuit becomes inoperable.

According to the fourth aspect, since the control means releases the lock by the electromagnetic actuator which is energized by the operation signal from the sensor for detecting various collisions, the operation time is completed in a very short time, and the backrest is completed. The part is moved backward in synchronization with the impact of various collisions. Further, since the control means for locking the backrest portion is performed by the reverse bias of the electromagnetic actuator or the reclining lever, the locking operation can be quickly performed, and the locking can be reliably performed even if the electric circuit becomes inoperable.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the rearward inclination restricting means includes a stop body which is engaged and disengaged from a projection provided on the toothed disk, and an operation for engaging and disengaging the projection by connecting the stop body to control means. Since it is composed of an actuating body to be actuated, it can be directly connected to and linked to the control means for actuating the stop body, a quick operation is performed, and the backrest that tilts backward instantaneously is reliably restrained at a predetermined angle.

According to the sixth aspect, the rearward inclination restricting means includes a stop body which engages and disengages with a projection provided on the toothed disk, and an electromagnetic actuator which engages and disengages the stop body in conjunction with the control means. Therefore, it can be directly connected to and linked with the control means for operating the stop body, a quick operation can be performed, and the backrest portion that tilts backward instantaneously can be reliably restrained at a predetermined angle.

According to the shock absorbing sheet of the vehicle "automobile" of the present invention, since the shock absorber for buffering the rearward tilting force of the backrest is connected between the toothed disk and the seating frame, The impact force generated when one vehicle "collides frontally" with a preceding vehicle or "rear-end collision" with a following vehicle rapidly accelerates / decelerates the vehicle and this driver's seat.
However, the shock absorber absorbs the rearward tilting force of the backrest portion and performs a gentle rearward tilting operation, so that the upper body and the head of the driver and the like are more reliably protected.

[0027]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a shock absorbing sheet of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of the internal structure of an automobile shock absorbing sheet showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of main parts. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the electric control system.

As shown in FIG. 7, the shock absorbing sheet 100 is applied to a driver's seat or a passenger seat of a cab-over-track vehicle C1, and as shown in FIG. 8, it is applied to a driver's seat or a passenger seat of a passenger car C2. As shown in FIG. 9, the present invention is applied to a driver's seat or a passenger seat of a passenger car C3 equipped with an air bag. In addition, it is also possible to apply to a backseat. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the detailed configuration of the shock absorbing sheet 100 is such that a back frame 17 supporting a backrest 15 is supported by a support member 20 with respect to a seat frame 13 supporting a seat 11. It is connected so that it can be tilted or tilted backward. A headrest 19 is fixedly or adjustable to the top of the back frame 17 of the backrest 15. A toothed disk 21 is provided on one side of the support member 20 of the back frame 17 on the backrest side. A tooth portion 21A is formed on the entire outer peripheral surface of the toothed disk 21 or a part thereof. On one side of the seat frame 13, a toothed restraining plate 23 is provided.
Is provided so as to be movable back and forth (in the horizontal position in the figure) through the support bolt 25 in the elongated hole 23A opened in the proper position.

As shown in FIG. 4, the toothed portion 23B formed on the side of the toothed restraining plate 23 facing the toothed disk 21 is located forward of the toothed portion 21A of the toothed disk 21. It is configured to engage from about 45 degrees below. still,
The relationship between the direction in which the toothed restraint plate 23 is brought into contact with the toothed disc 21 to engage with the toothed disk 21 and the approximately 45-degree front lower direction is not limited to the case where the toothed restraint plate 23 is in the horizontal posture, and is the same even when the toothed restraint plate 23 is moved from different directions. Needless to say,

The toothed restraining plate 23 is provided with the toothed disc 21.
The two teeth 21A and 23B are pressed and engaged with each other by the tensile force of a spring 27 serving as an urging means. The spring 27 is provided with a screw hole 13 formed on the outer front side of the seat frame 13.
L-shaped free handle 3 pivoted on A with support bolts 31
No. 0 support rod 30A and a support pin 23C attached to the non-tooth side of the toothed restraint plate 23. The free handle 30 is stopped in a vertical posture by a stopper 33 attached to the seat frame 13 so as to rotate in a clockwise direction by the contraction force of the spring 27. Further, the toothed restraint plate 23 is vertically slidably or rotatably held by a bearing 34 fitted on the support bolt 31 of the L-shaped free handle 30 and a bearing 32 fitted on the support rod 30A. It is supported at three points by support bolts 25. A concave groove 35 is formed in the toothed restraint plate 23 when the L-shaped free handle 30 is turned around the support bolt 31.

Thus, the toothed restraining plate 23 presses the toothed disk 21 side with an appropriate tensile force of the spring 27 to maintain the engagement between the two tooth portions 21A and 23B. At this time, the toothed restraining plate and the toothed disc are in mesh with each other, and the teeth of the toothed restraining plate are meshed with the teeth of the toothed disc from about 45 degrees below the front. When the backrest rotates in the backward tilt direction, the toothed restraining plate acts to push back the toothed disk and becomes rotatable, but when rotating in the forward tilting direction, the toothed restraining plate removes the toothed disk. Since it cannot be pushed back and acts so as to be pulled in, it is impossible to rotate, and the backrest 15 is engaged so that it can rotate only in the backward tilt direction (counterclockwise).

That is, the function is as shown in FIG.
When the backrest 15 is turned clockwise in front of the automobile, the teeth 21A of the toothed disk 21 pull the teeth 23B of the toothed restraint plate 23 in the direction of the arrow (a), and the engagement is further strengthened. To restrict rotation. Conversely, backrest 1
5 is turned counterclockwise to the rear of the vehicle, the tooth portions 21A of the toothed disk 21 become the tooth portions 23B of the toothed restraining plate 23.
In the direction of the arrow (b). Thus, the tooth portion 21A of the toothed disk 21 can easily pass over the tooth portion 23B of the toothed restraining plate 23, and the backrest 15 can be turned counterclockwise in the rear of the vehicle.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, when the free handle 30 is lifted by hand in a counterclockwise direction, the L-shaped free handle 30 rotates about the support bolt 31,
The support rod 30A and the bearing 32 fitted therein are fitted into the concave groove 35 of the toothed restraining plate 23, and the tensile force of the spring 27 is increased. The plate 21 side is lifted, and the toothed restraint plate 23 turns counterclockwise about the support bolt 25 of the elongated hole 23A as a rotation center.
As a result, the tooth portion 23B of the toothed restraining plate 23 is
1 is completely cut off from the tooth portion 21A in the direction of the arrow (b),
The toothed disk 21 and the backrest 15 integral therewith are pivotable in both directions. In addition, the tooth portion 23B may have at least one tooth ridge.
Five are required.

The seat frame 13 is provided with a lock mechanism R1 for locking the two teeth 21A and 23B in a pressed engagement state, or an unlocking mechanism R2 for holding the both teeth in a pressed engagement state. Control means R. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure is such that support bolts 25 for supporting the toothed restraint plate 23 on the seat frame 13 are provided.
The restricting body 40 is attached to the front end side of the robot so as to be freely rotatable. That is, the tip of the support bolt 25 is inserted into the connection hole 40A opened at one end of the restricting body 40, and the nut 41 is screwed so as not to come off. A long hole 40B is formed in the free end of the restraining body 40, and a recess 40C for restraining is formed in the upper surface of the free end side of the toothed restraining plate 23. Restriction pin 23E attached to the opposite tooth side
In addition, the engagement is performed by lifting the restraining body 40 in the counterclockwise direction. The restraining pin 23E has a recess 40
In a state where C is engaged, both teeth 21A and 23B are engaged with each other, and the backrest is locked in the current posture.

The drive system of the operating member 45 in the control means R is such that the operating member 45 is mounted in a crank shape on the rotating shaft 43 of a releasing device which is a small motor M that rotates forward and backward. The pin 47 attached to the free end of the operating body 45 is
And is connected to the long hole 40B. A locking plate 49 is provided below the operating body 45. This locking plate 49 is made of an elastic body, and as shown in FIG. 4, a locked state in which the operating body 45 is locked in a vertical position and the toothed restraining body 23 is immobilized by the restraining body 40. As shown in FIG. 5, the actuator 45 has a function of locking the operating body 45 in a horizontal posture to hold the toothed restraint body 23 in an unlocked state released from the restraint body 40. Therefore, the control means R includes a lock mechanism R1 of the restraining body 40 for maintaining the two teeth 21A and 23B in an engaged state,
0 is released from the toothed restraining body 23 and the unlocking mechanism R2 of the small motor M that holds both teeth in an engaged state.

The unlocking means using the small motor M may be constituted by an electromagnetic rotary solenoid or, as shown in FIG. 2, an electromagnetic solenoid 50 which moves directly. It is. When the electromagnetic solenoid 50 is used, the movable body 51 is suspended by a spring 53 (locked state), and the electromagnetic solenoid 50 is urged by a sensor that works at the time of a collision of the vehicle to lower the movable body 51 (unlocked state). The restraining body 40 is configured to be released from the toothed restraining body 23.

The small motor M which forms the center of the control means R
And an electric control unit C for controlling the energization of the electromagnetic solenoid 50,
It is configured as shown in FIGS. The electric control unit C includes a collision sensor (unlock sensor) G1 installed at the front of the vehicle for detecting a frontal collision and a collision sensor (unlock sensor) installed at the rear of the vehicle for detecting a rear collision. G2 and the lock switch RS are connected. It is also connected to battery B. The electric control unit C turns the small motor M counterclockwise by 90 degrees by the lock switch RS to lock the operating body 45 in the vertical position, and locks the operating body 45 in the vertical position. The operation exerts a function of rotating the operating body 45 clockwise by 90 degrees and holding the unlocked state in which the operating body 45 is locked in a horizontal posture.

In the control means R, an electric control unit C which applies an electromagnetic solenoid 50 and controls its energization is provided.
Is configured as shown in FIG. The electric control unit C includes a collision sensor (unlock sensor) G1 installed at the front of the vehicle for detecting a frontal collision and a collision sensor (unlock sensor) installed at the rear of the vehicle for detecting a rear collision. G2. Furthermore, it is also connected to the battery B. The electric control unit C suspends the movable body 51 with the spring 53 when the power from the battery B is shut off (locked state). Then, by operating either of the collision sensing sensors G1 or G2, the electromagnetic solenoid 50 is urged to pull down the movable body 51 and to maintain the unlocked state in which the restraint body 40 is released from the toothed restraint body 23. . The two collision sensors G1 and G2 are:
Only one may be installed at the center of the vehicle to detect both impacts of a frontal collision and a rear-end collision.

Subsequently, the backrest 15 is provided with a shock absorber 70 for reducing the backward tilting speed at the time of collision and absorbing and relaxing the collision energy. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the configuration is such that a disc 60 integrally attached to the toothed disc 21 and a proper position of the seat frame 13 are provided.
The shock absorber 70 is connected. Thus, when the backrest 15 falls backward, the shock absorber 70 contracts to reduce the impact, and moves the backrest slowly backward. When the backrest 15 is tilted forward, the shock absorber 70 extends.

The shock absorbing sheet 100 of the present invention is configured as described above and operates as follows. First,
During normal operation of the automobile, as shown in FIG. 4, the toothed restraining plate 23 meshing with the toothed disc 21 attached to the back frame 17 on the backrest side is immovably locked by the restraining body 40.
The function is as follows: the small motor M is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise to lock the operating body 45 in the vertical position, the concave portion 40C of the restricting member 40 is engaged with the restricting pin 23E, and the backrest portion 15 is set to the predetermined position. Fix it. Now, as shown in FIG. 10, when the driver's own car “front-collides” with a preceding car or an obstacle, the operating body 45 is moved clockwise by the operation of a collision sensor G1 disposed at the front of the car. Rotate 90 degrees,
Set to the unlocked state locked in a horizontal position. with this,
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 10, since the concave portion 40 </ b> C of the restricting body 40 is disengaged from the restricting pin 23 </ b> E, the meshing of the toothed restricting plate 23 with the toothed disk 21 is released from the completely restricted state. Thereby, the backrest 15 can be turned only in the backward tilt direction.

That is, even if the backrest 15 is to be turned clockwise in front of the automobile, the teeth 21A of the toothed disc 21 pull the teeth 23B of the toothed restraint plate 23 in the direction of the arrow (a). , Making the meshing more firm and impossible to rotate. Conversely, when the backrest 15 is turned in the counterclockwise direction toward the rear of the vehicle, the teeth 21A of the toothed disc 21 repel the teeth 23B of the toothed restraint plate 23 in the direction of the arrow (b). . Thus, the tooth ridge of the tooth portion 21A of the toothed disk 21 easily gets over the tooth ridge of the tooth portion 23B of the toothed restraint plate 23, and the backrest 15 is turned only in the counterclockwise direction, which is behind the vehicle. You can do it.

Simultaneously with the collision, the car and the driver's seat suddenly decelerate, and when the driver wears the seat belt 5, the driver 3 is held by the seat belt 5 while the body rushes forward. The head 3A swings forward, which is protected by the inflation of the airbag 10. Then, the body recoils due to the recoil of the above-mentioned forward plunge.
5, the backrest portion 15 falls down to the rearwardly inclined position together with the upper body and the head, as shown by the two-dot chain line, and the driver is in a state where the upper body and the head are tilted backward, and the front of the vehicle The steering wheel 9 enters the driver's seat 1 due to the destruction,
Even if the vehicle body is crushed and enters the driver's seat 1, the vehicle body is not strongly pinched between the backrest 7 and no fatal serious injury is caused.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11, when the following vehicle collides with the driver's own vehicle in the "rear-end collision", the driver's seat 1 is impacted forward by the driver's seat 1 due to the rear-end collision force from the subsequent vehicle. As a result, the human body is strongly pressed against the backrest, and the head 3A is strongly hit against the headrest 19. At this time, the operation body 45 is rotated clockwise by 90 degrees by the operation of the collision detection sensor G2 disposed at the rear portion of the automobile, and is brought into the unlocked state in which the operation body 45 is locked in the horizontal posture. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 11, the meshing of the toothed restraining plate 23 with the toothed disc 21 is released from the restrained state, and the backrest 15 can be tilted only in the backward tilting direction. When the body is pressed against the backrest 15, the upper body and the head of the human body are pushed back and fall together with the backrest 15 in a backward leaning posture as shown by a two-dot chain line, and the driver's upper body and The impact force on the head is reduced, protecting it from the impact of a collision. Immediately after this, the head tends to swing forward due to the recoil of the collision, but since the upper body and the head of the driver and the like are in a backward inclined posture, the head and the upper body are not thrown forward, In particular, the head is not swung, thereby preventing whiplash of the neck.

As described above, the impact-absorbing sheet 1 of the present invention
According to 00, the control means R and the sensor G1 for detecting the frontal collision of the automobile or the sensor G2 for detecting the rear-end collision that act on the control means R lock the toothed restraining plate 23 to the toothed disc 21. Because you release the body 40, your car "front collision" with the front car and "back-end collision" with the following car
Each sensor works in each situation of being
5 can lean backwards.

Further, the shock absorbing sheet 100 of the present invention has a shock absorber 70 between the toothed disk 21 and the seat frame 13 for buffering the rearward tilting force of the backrest 15.
The impact force that occurs when one's car collides with the preceding car in a "frontal collision" or when a following car "rearranges rearward" rapidly decelerates and accelerates the car and its driver's seat. However, the shock absorber absorbs the rearward tilting force of the backrest portion to perform a gentle rearward tilting operation, thereby more reliably protecting the upper body and the head of the driver and the like. Fig. 1
It is shown in FIG. According to this characteristic curve diagram, against a large impact force F generated after t1 second from the time of collision (0 second), the backrest 15 provided with the shock absorber 70 falls down to the backward tilted posture while absorbing the impact force. A curve (a) is drawn, and the rearward tilting posture is ended after t3 seconds from the collision. The backrest 15 without the shock absorber 70 also finishes the backward tilting posture t2 seconds after the collision, but exerts the effect of reducing the large impact force F.

As shown in FIG. 6, the free handle 30 is lifted by hand in a counterclockwise direction to increase the pulling force of the spring 27 so that the backrest 15 can be properly oriented. The plate 23 is lifted on the side opposite to the toothed disk 21, and the toothed restraining plate 23 is turned counterclockwise about the support bolt 25 of the elongated hole 23 </ b> A as the center of rotation. As a result, the teeth 23B of the toothed restraining plate 23 become the teeth 21A of the toothed disc 21.
Is completely cut off in the direction of the arrow (b), and the toothed disk 21 and the backrest 15 integral therewith are pivotable in the front-rear direction. After returning the backrest 15 to the normal posture, as shown in FIG. 3, the lock switch RS is operated to rotate the small motor M counterclockwise by 90 degrees to lock the operating body 45 in the vertical posture. Lock state. By this locked state, as shown in FIG. 4, the backrest 15 is restored to a normal posture that is optimal for driving. Also, as shown in FIG.
In the case of using the electromagnetic solenoid 50, the power supply is turned off to enter a locked state.

The impact absorbing sheet 100 for an automobile according to the first embodiment of the present invention has the following effects. If the vehicle has "frontal collision" with the preceding vehicle, the toothed restraining plate 23 is released from engagement with the toothed disk 21 due to the impact of the vehicle frontal collision, and the backrest 15
Can be rotated only in the backward tilt direction, so that the human body and the backrest unit can be integrated and fall back backward only in the rearward posture, and can be protected without causing a fatal injury to a driver or the like.

On the other hand, when the vehicle is "rear-end collision" with the following vehicle, the rear-end collision force from the following vehicle causes the driver's seat and the driver's seat to rapidly and rapidly accelerate forward, and the upper body is strongly pressed by the backrest portion. At the same time, before the head is hit against the headrest strongly, the upper back of the human body and the head are pushed backward and the backrest falls down backward only in the backward direction, so the driver's upper body and head are impacted. Even if the driver's head attempts to swing forward due to the reaction of the impact force, the upper body and the head of the driver and the like are in a rearwardly inclined posture. The part and upper body are not thrown forward, eliminating head swinging and preventing whiplash of the neck.

The control means R is a restraint for restraining the toothed restraining plate 23 to the toothed disc 21 by unlocking means operated by a sensor G1 for detecting a frontal collision of the vehicle or a sensor G2 for detecting a rear collision. Since the body 40 is released, the sensors G1 and G2 function and the backrest unit 15 also functions in each situation where the vehicle is "front-collised" or "rear-end collision".
Can be controlled backward to protect the upper body and head of the driver and the like that occur when two different collision accidents occur.

Further, the toothed disk 21 and the seat frame 13
Since the shock absorber 70 that buffers the rearward tilting force of the backrest 15 is interposed therebetween, the shock force generated at the time of “front collision” or “backward collision” is reduced by the rearward tilting force of the shock absorber 70. And a gentle backward tilting operation can be performed to protect the driver's upper body and head more safely and reliably.

The above is an introduction of the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, although the shock absorbing sheet 100 has been described for the driver's seat, it can be applied to a passenger seat and a rear seat. Further, the present invention can be applied to vehicles other than automobiles such as trains. 13 to 15 show an impact absorbing sheet 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Its composition is
The toothed restraint body 23 is supported by the two elongated holes 23A and the support pins 25 so as to be capable of moving forward and backward in the horizontal direction.
A restraining pin 23G operated by a small motor M or an electromagnetic solenoid 50 can be disengaged from F. Further, the toothed restraint 23 is provided with a free handle 30 for engaging and disengaging the toothed restraint 23 from engagement with the toothed disc 21. 13 shows a locked state of the backrest portion 15, FIG. 14 shows an unlocked state of the backrest portion 15, and FIG. 15 shows a free state of the backrest portion 15.

According to the second embodiment, since the control means R does not require the restricting body 40, the overall structure of the shock absorbing sheet 200 is simplified, and the existing driver's seat, front passenger's seat, etc. can be easily replaced with the shock absorbing sheet. The effect that can be improved is exhibited.
Other functions and effects can be obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the third embodiment, the function of the shock absorbing sheet 100 of the first embodiment is improved by improving the structure of the shock absorbing sheet 100, and the rearward tilt angle θ of the backrest 15 that falls backward at the time of a collision of the vehicle is set at a predetermined angle position. It has a function of restraining. The shock absorbing sheet 300 according to the third embodiment includes a seat frame 13 that supports the seat 11 and a back frame 1 that supports the backrest 15.
7 can be tilted forward and backward by the support member 20. A headrest is attached to the top of the backrest 15. The back frame 17 on the backrest side of the support member 20 is provided with a toothed disk 21 on one side thereof. A tooth portion 21A is formed on a part of the outer periphery of the toothed disk 21. Also, the seat frame 1 of the support member
On one side of 3, a toothed restraining plate 23 ′ is provided in a horizontal posture so as to move back and forth and turn clockwise / counterclockwise through a support bolt 25 in a long hole 23 ′ A drilled at an appropriate position. Then, the tooth portion 23 ′ facing the toothed disk 21.
B is the tooth portion 2 of the toothed disk 21 as shown in FIG.
1A is meshed from about 45 degrees below the front.

The toothed restraining plate 23 ′ is pressed against the toothed disk 21 by the tensile force of the spring 27, and the tooth portion 21 A and the tooth 2
The meshing with 3'B is maintained. The spring 27 is
It is stretched between an L-shaped free handle 30 pivotally supported by a support bolt 31 in a screw hole 13A opened on the outer front side of the seat frame 13 and a non-toothed side of the toothed restraining plate 23 '. The free handle 30 is stopped in a vertical posture by a stopper 24 attached to the seat frame 13 so as to rotate in the clockwise direction in the figure by the contraction force of the spring 27. Further, the toothed restraining plate 23 ′ includes a bearing 34 fitted on the support bolt 31 of the L-shaped free handle 30,
It is slidably and vertically held by a bearing 32 fitted on a support rod 30A, and is supported at three points by the support bolt 25 described above. A concave groove 35 is formed in the toothed restraint plate 23 when the L-shaped free handle 30 is turned around the support bolt 31. As a result, the toothed restraining plate 23 ′ is
The teeth 27A and the teeth 23'B are kept in mesh with each other by pressing the springs 27 with an appropriate tensile force. In this state,
The backrest 15 is in a rotatable engagement only in the backward tilt direction (counterclockwise). That is, the function is the same as that of the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG.
5 is turned forward (clockwise in the drawing) of the automobile, the teeth 21A of the toothed disc 21 pull in the teeth 23'B of the toothed restraining plate 23 'in the direction of the arrow (a), and the meshing is performed. It becomes stronger and restrains rotation. Conversely, as shown in FIG. 19, when the backrest 15 is turned in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing, which is behind the automobile, the teeth 21A of the toothed disc 21 become the teeth 23 'of the toothed restraining plate 23'. B is repelled in the direction of the arrow (b). Thus, the tooth portions 21A of the toothed disc 21 can easily pass over the tooth portions 23'B of the toothed restraint plate 23 ', and the backrest portion 15 can be turned counterclockwise in the figure, which is behind the automobile. it can. The free handle 30 has a function of a reclining lever.

Further, as shown in FIG. 22, when the free handle 30 is lifted upward by hand, the tension force of the spring 27 is increased, and the non-toothed disk 21 side of the toothed restraining plate 23 'is lifted. Then, the toothed restraint plate 23 'rotates counterclockwise in the drawing with the support bolt 25 of the elongated hole 23'A as the center of rotation.
As a result, the teeth 23 ′ B of the toothed restraining plate 23 ′ are completely separated from the teeth 21 A of the toothed disk 21, and the toothed disk 2
1 and the backrest 15 integral therewith are pivotable in the front-rear direction. The number of teeth of the tooth portion 23'B may be at least one, but three to five teeth are necessary in consideration of strength.

The locking mechanism R3 for restraining the two teeth 21A and 23'B in the meshing state and the unlocking mechanism R4 for holding the two teeth in the meshing state are combined with the toothed restraining plate 23 '. Is provided as one control means Ro. As shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, a related configuration is such that a concave portion 23′C
The support portion of the restraining body 40 'is rotatably mounted in this space. The mounting structure is such that a tip end of a support shaft 26 attached to one end of the restraining body 40 ′ is inserted into a bearing hole 13 </ b> B formed in the seat frame 13 and is supported rotatably. A restraining roller 42 is attached to the middle of the free end side of the restraining body 40 '. Thus, when the restraining body 40 'is in the horizontal posture, the restraining roller 42 faces the tail end 23'D of the toothed restraining plate 23', and restrains both teeth 21A and 23'B in an engaged state. When the restraining body 40 'is at the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in the inclined posture rotated clockwise in the drawing, the restraining roller 42
Are disengaged from the tail end 23'D, and the relationship of releasing the engagement of the teeth 21A and 23'B is released.

The structure of the drive system of the restraining member 40 'in the control means Ro will be described. First, the small motor M attached to the seat frame 13 has an operating body 45 attached to its rotating shaft 43.
Are mounted in a crank shape. The pin 47 attached to the free end of the operating body 45 is oriented in a direction parallel to the rotating shaft 43. A connecting rod 55 is pivotally supported by the pin 47, and the other end is pivotally supported by a tail end 40'A of the restraining body 40 '. Further, the operating body 45 includes a holding mechanism H for self-holding at the solid line position or the broken line position. The configuration is such that the mounting plate 48 faces the rotating shaft 43 of the small motor M, and stop bolts B1, B
2 is screwed. A contraction spring B3 is provided between the middle part of the mounting plate 48 and the operating body 45.
Thereby, the operating body 45 pulled by the contraction spring B3
Exerts a self-holding action that is forcibly stabilized at a solid line position or a broken line position. The tail end 40 'of the restraining body 40'
A is provided with a limit switch LS. For example, the limit switch LS is turned "ON" when the restricting member 40 'is at the solid line position, and "OFF" when the restricting member 40' is at the broken line position.

As the electric control section C for controlling the energization of the small motor M which forms the center of the control means Ro, the one shown in FIG. 18 is employed. The electric control unit C includes a collision detection sensor (unlock sensor) G1 installed at the front of the vehicle to detect a frontal collision and a collision detection sensor (unlock sensor) installed at the rear of the vehicle to detect a rear collision. G2 and a lock switch RS. The limit switch LS is also connected. Further, a battery B is connected. The electric control unit C rotates the small motor M counterclockwise by the "ON" operation of the lock switch RS, but the operating body 45 is forcibly stopped by the holding mechanism H at the solid line position. Thus, the connecting rod 55 is in a locked state in which the restricting body 40 'is locked in a horizontal posture.
At this time, the limit switch LS detects that the restricting body 40 ′ is in the locked state of the horizontal posture by the “ON” signal, and stops the rotation of the small motor M. Then, the small motor M is rotated clockwise by about 90 degrees by the operation of one of the collision detection sensors G1 or G2, and the operating body 45 is set to the broken line position. When the operating body 45 is in the position indicated by the broken line,
′ Is in the inclined position, the limit switch LS is set to “OF
F "state, and the small motor M is stopped. with this,
The holding mechanism H holds the restraining body 40 'in an unlocked state.

According to the electric control unit C, the unlock mechanism R4 of the control means Ro is controlled by the small motor M operated by the sensor G1 for detecting a frontal collision of the automobile or the sensor G2 for detecting a rear-end collision. Then, the locking mechanism R3 of the restraint that restrains the toothed restraint plate 23 'to the toothed disc 21 is released. Further, the unlock mechanism R
4 is a lock state in which the small motor M is rotated counterclockwise by about 90 degrees by the lock switch RS, the operating body 45 is set to the solid line position, and the connecting rod 55 locks the restraining body 40 'in a horizontal posture. I do. Further, the unlocking mechanism R4
Is a pin P attached to the middle part of the restraining body 40 ′ and a long hole 56 A of the return plate 56 suspended from the free handle 30.
Are engaged with each other. Thus, when the free handle 30 is lifted upward, the function of adding the function of returning the restraint body 40 'to the horizontal posture and setting the locked state is added.

Further, when the control means Ro releases the toothed restraining plate 23 'from the toothed disk 21, the impact absorbing sheet 300 restricts the rearward tilting of the backrest 15 at a predetermined angle θ. Means Ko are provided. In this configuration, a protrusion 62 is provided on a part of the outer periphery of the toothed disk 21 or a disk 60 integrally attached thereto. The stop body 63 engaged with and disengaged from the protrusion 62 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 65 attached to the seat frame 13. The stop body 63 is connected to a control rod 67 suspended from a lower surface of the restricting body 40 'of the control means Ro for operating the stop body 63 by a connecting rod 69. The stop body 63 is engaged and disengaged by the above-mentioned rearward inclination restricting means Ko so as to be separated from the protrusion 62 when the solid line position is locked, and to be locked to the protrusion 62 when unlocked at the broken line position. The angle θ for tilting the backrest 15 backward is set to, for example, about 45 degrees. However, the angle θ can be arbitrarily set depending on the type of the vehicle to which the present apparatus is applied. For example, in the case of a truck, the angle θ may be an angle close to 90 degrees which is considered to be safe. This angle setting can be set during the manufacturing process depending on the type of vehicle to be applied, or can be adjusted after installation.

Subsequently, the backrest 15 is provided with a shock absorber 70 for reducing the backward turning speed at the time of collision and absorbing and relaxing the collision energy.
The configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 7, a shock absorber 70 is connected between the disk 60 integrally attached to the toothed disk 21 and an appropriate position of the seat frame 13. Thus, when the backrest 15 falls backward, the shock absorber 70 contracts to reduce the impact, and moves the backrest slowly backward. When the backrest 15 is tilted forward, the shock absorber 70 extends.

The shock absorbing sheet 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention
00 is configured as described above, and operates as follows. First, during normal operation of the automobile, as shown in FIG. 16, a toothed restraining plate 23 'meshing with a toothed disc 21 attached to the back frame 17 on the backrest side is fixed to a restraining body 40'.
To immovably restrain. The effect is to rotate the small motor M approximately 90 degrees in the counterclockwise direction to bring the restraining body 40 'into a horizontal posture, and to lock it. Thus, the backrest 15 is fixed in a predetermined posture. Now, as shown in FIG. 21, when the driver's own car “front collisions” with the preceding car, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the small motor M is activated by the operation of the collision detection sensor G1 disposed at the front of the automobile, and rotates the operating body 45 clockwise by about 90 degrees. Now, the restraint 4
0 ′ is in an unlocked state in which it is locked in an inclined posture. Therefore, the meshing of the toothed restraining plate 23 'with the toothed disc 21 is released from the completely restrained state, and as shown in FIG. 19, the backrest 15 can be turned only in the backward tilt direction.

That is, when the backrest 15 is turned to the front of the automobile, the teeth 21A of the toothed disc 21 are
The 3 'tooth portion 23'B is pulled in the direction of the arrow (a) to further strengthen the meshing and restrain the rotation. Conversely, when the backrest 15 is turned to the rear of the car, the toothed disc 2 is rotated.
The first tooth portion 21A repels the tooth portion 23'B of the toothed restraint plate 23 'in the direction of the arrow (b). Thus, the toothed disk 2 can be easily formed.
The tooth ridge of the first tooth part 21A is the tooth part 23 'of the toothed restraint plate 23'.
The backrest portion 15 can be turned only to the rear of the car, over the tooth ridge of B.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21, when the following vehicle collides with its own vehicle and the vehicle is "rear-end collision", the rear-end collision force from the subsequent vehicle causes the driver's seat and the driver's seat 1 to move forward. Suddenly, the human body is strongly pressed against the backrest, and the head 3A is strongly hit against the headrest 19. At this time, the operation body 45 is rotated clockwise by about 90 degrees by the operation of the collision detection sensor G2 disposed at the rear part of the automobile, and the restraining body 40 'is unlocked in the inclined posture. As a result, as shown in FIG. 19, the meshing of the toothed restraining plate 23 ′ with the toothed disc 21 is released from the restrained state, and the backrest 15 can be turned only in the backward tilt direction. Due to the unlocking of the backrest 15, the upper body and the head of the human body are pushed backward and fall together with the backrest 15 in the backward leaning posture as shown by the two-dot chain line. Protect parts from impact. Immediately after this, the head tends to swing forward due to the recoil of the collision, but since the upper body and the head of the driver and the like are inclined backward, the head and the upper body are not thrown forward. . In particular, the head swing motion is suppressed to ensure safety, and whiplash of the neck is prevented.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, the impact-absorbing sheet 300 of the present invention is provided with a backward-inclination restricting means Ko, which is provided with a stop body 63 which is engaged with and disengaged from a projection 62 provided on the toothed disk 21. , A small motor M that connects the stop body 63 to the control means Ro and engages and disengages the protrusion 62.
Of the working body. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 20, the stop body 63 is controlled by the control means Ro for operating the stop body 63.
Is directly connected to and linked to the small motor M, so that a quick operation is performed, and the backrest portion 15 that tilts backward instantaneously is reliably restrained at a predetermined angle (for example, about 45 degrees) θ. As a result, as shown in FIG. 21, the risk of the occupant sitting in the front seat being thrown backward is avoided, and the occupant sitting in the rear seat can also be sure that the rear tilting of the front backrest 15 is at a predetermined angle. Because it is restrained by θ, knees and chests are not hit hard, and safety is ensured.

Further, the shock absorbing sheet 300 of the present invention has a shock absorber 70 between the toothed disk 21 and the seat frame 13 for buffering the rearward tilting force of the backrest 15.
The impact force that occurs when one's car collides with the preceding car in a "frontal collision" or when a following car "rearranges rearward" rapidly decelerates and accelerates the car and its driver's seat. However, the shock absorber absorbs the rearward tilting force of the backrest portion to perform a gentle rearward tilting operation, thereby more reliably protecting the upper body and the head of the driver and the like. Fig. 1
It is shown in FIG. According to this characteristic curve diagram, against a large impact force F generated after t1 second from the time of collision (0 second), the backrest 15 provided with the shock absorber 70 falls down to the backward tilted posture while absorbing the impact force. A curve (a) is drawn, and the rearward tilting posture is ended after t3 seconds from the collision. The backrest 15 without the shock absorber 70 also terminates the backward tilting posture t2 seconds after the collision, but exerts the effect of slowly relaxing the large impact force F.

As described above, the impact absorbing sheet 3 of the present invention
According to 00, the toothed restraining plate 23 'is formed by the control means Ro and the sensor G1 for detecting a frontal collision of the automobile and the sensor G2 for detecting rear-end collision which act on the control means Ro.
1 is released. In this way, the respective sensors also work to tilt the backrest 15 rearward in each situation where the own vehicle is "front-collised" with the preceding vehicle or "rear-end collision" with the following vehicle. Therefore, the upper body and the head, such as a driver, which occur when two different collision accidents occur, are protected.

After the collision, the lock switch RS of the control means Ro is pressed to rotate the small motor M in the counterclockwise direction as shown in FIG. Rotate about 90 degrees. Thus, the operating body 45 is set to the solid line position, and the connecting rod 55 is in a locked state in which the restricting body 40 'is locked in a horizontal posture. In this state, as shown in FIG.
0 is largely lifted by hand in a counterclockwise direction to increase the tensile force of the spring 27, thereby lifting the toothed restraining plate 23 'on the side opposite the toothed disk 21. At this time, the toothed restraint plate 23 '
It is turned counterclockwise around the support bolt 25 of 'A. Thereby, the tooth part 23 'of the toothed restraint plate 23'
B is completely cut away from the toothed portion 21A of the toothed disk 21 in the direction of the arrow (b), so that the toothed disk 21 and the backrest 15 integrated therewith can be turned in the front-rear direction. In this state, the posture is returned to the normal posture. When the backrest 15 returns to the normal posture, the free handle 30 is released, and the backrest 15 is restored to the normal posture optimal for driving as shown in FIG.

It should be noted that the backrest portion 15 which has fallen backward
When the battery B is damaged, the lock switch RS cannot be operated. Therefore, the operation can be performed by operating the free handle 30. That is, as shown in FIG. 22, when the free handle 30 is lifted by hand in the counterclockwise direction, the restraining body 40 'returns to the horizontal posture and is locked. When the free handle 30 is further lifted, the spring 27
Of the toothed restraining plate 23 ′ and the anti-toothed disk 21
The toothed restraint plate 23 'is turned counterclockwise about the support bolt 25 of the elongated hole 23'A as the rotation center.
As a result, the teeth 23'B of the toothed restraining plate 23 'are completely cut away from the teeth 21A of the toothed disk 21 in the direction of the arrow (b), and the toothed disk 21 and a backrest integrated therewith. 15 can be turned in the front-rear direction. In this state, the backrest 15
Is returned to the normal posture. When the backrest 15 returns to the normal posture, the free handle 30 is released, and the backrest 15 is restored to the normal posture optimal for driving as shown in FIG.

The impact absorbing sheet 300 for an automobile according to the third embodiment of the present invention has the following effects. When your car "front collisions" with the previous car,
Due to the impact of the frontal collision of the automobile, the toothed restraining plate 23 is released from the engagement with the toothed disk 21, and the backrest 15 can be turned only in the backward tilt direction. Thus, simultaneously with the above operation, the head swings forward, but the upper body and the head of the human body are pushed back by the inflation of the airbag. At this time, the backrest unit is united to fall backward only in the rearwardly inclined posture, so that it is possible to protect the driver and the like without causing a fatal serious injury. Further, even in a vehicle without an airbag, the backrest portion can be protected from falling rearward only at the rear in a frontal collision without giving a fatal injury to a driver or the like.

On the other hand, when a rear-end collision occurs with a following vehicle, the rear-end collision force from the following vehicle causes the driver's seat and the driver's seat to rapidly and rapidly accelerate forward, and the upper body is strongly pressed by the backrest. . At this time, before the head is hit against the headrest strongly, the backrest falls down backward only while the upper body and head of the human body are pushed backward, and the driver's upper body and head are impacted. Protect from. Immediately after this, the driver's head attempts to swing forward due to the reaction of the impact force, but the upper body and head of the driver and the like are inclined backward. For this reason, the head and the upper body are not thrown forward, and especially the head swinging motion is eliminated, and this safety is ensured and whiplash of the neck is prevented.

The control means R restrains the toothed restraining plate 23 'to the toothed disk 21 by unlocking means operated by a sensor G1 for detecting a frontal collision of the vehicle or a sensor G2 for detecting a rear collision. Release the restraining body 40 '. Thus, even in the case where the own vehicle is subjected to “front collision” or “back collision”, the sensors G1 and G2 function to tilt the backrest 15 backward. Therefore, it is possible to protect the upper body and the head of the driver and the like that occur when two different collision accidents occur.

Further, the backward inclination restricting means Ko is provided with the toothed disk 21.
And a small motor M connected to the control means Ro and engaged with and disengaged from the projection 62. For this reason,
It can be linked directly with the control means for operating the stop body 63, performs a quick operation, and forcibly restrains the backrest portion 15 that tilts backward instantaneously at the predetermined angle θ. This avoids the risk that the occupant sitting in the front seat is thrown backward. Furthermore, the occupant sitting in the rear seat is not hit hard by the rearward tilt of the front backrest,
Safety is ensured.

Further, the toothed disk 21 and the seat frame 1
3, a shock absorber 70 that buffers the rearward tilting force of the backrest 15 is connected. As a result, the impact force generated at the time of “front collision” or “back-end collision” reduces the rearward tilting force of the backrest 15 by the shock absorber 70 to make a gentle rearward tilting operation, so that the driver and the like can be more safely and reliably operated. Protect upper body and head.

As described above, in the third embodiment,
Operations and effects similar to those of the first embodiment and the backrest 15
At the predetermined angle θ.
Further, when the battery B is damaged when returning the backrest portion 15 that has fallen backward to the normal posture, the operation can be performed by operating the free handle 30. This operation and effect can be implemented also in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. That is, the control means Ro in the third embodiment is changed in design. The structure is the constraint 4
The connecting rod 55 connecting the 0 'and the operating body 45 of the motor M is omitted. Thereby, the rotating shaft 4 of the motor M
3 is directly connected to the support shaft 26 of the restraining body 40 ', and the locking body 40' is directly locked / unlocked (solid line and broken line) by forward / reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 43 of the motor.

According to the fourth embodiment, since the connecting rod 55 is omitted, the restricting body 40 'can more reliably perform the locking operation and the unlocking operation of the toothed restricting plate 23'. . Further, it is advantageous in terms of space and cost.

The fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 24 is a small motor M which forms the center of the control means Ro in the third embodiment.
Is changed to an electromagnetic solenoid SOL. In this configuration, an operating rod 80 of an electromagnetic solenoid SOL is directly connected to a restraining body 40 ', and an extension spring 83 is interposed in the operating rod.

Thus, when the electromagnetic solenoid SOL is deenergized, the restricting body 40 'is lifted to the solid line position and locked by the expansion force of the expansion spring 83. And an electromagnetic solenoid SO
At the time of urging L, the expansion spring 83 is compressed by electromagnetic force and rotated to the position indicated by the broken line to unlock.

The sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 25 is a modification of the third embodiment in which the back-tilt restricting means Ko for restricting the back-tilt of the backrest 15 at a predetermined angle is changed. The configuration is such that the operating rod 85 of the electromagnetic solenoid SOL2, which is an electromagnetic actuator, is directly connected to the stop body 63 via an unlocking spring 87. And
The electromagnetic solenoid SOL2 is electrically connected to the motor M in parallel. Thus, in the locked state of the restricting body 40 ′, the stop body is in a standby state indicated by a solid line floated by the unlocking spring 87. Further, when the motor M is energized, the electromagnetic solenoid SOL2 is also energized, and the projection 62 is brought into the broken line position and locked to the stop body 63.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, various design changes, use and changes of members, and changes in combinations thereof are possible. Specifically, the electromagnetic solenoid SOL serving as the electromagnetic actuator in the fifth embodiment and the electromagnetic solenoid SOL2 serving as the electromagnetic actuator in the sixth embodiment can be changed to an electromagnetic rotary solenoid. Further, in the shock absorbing sheet 100 of the first embodiment, a rearward inclination restricting means Ko provided on the shock absorbing sheet 300 of the third embodiment may be provided.

[0081]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, one's own vehicle makes a "front collision" with a preceding vehicle or a "back-end collision" with a following vehicle.
Then, the control means releases the restraint that restrains the toothed restraint plate to the toothed disc by a sensor that detects a frontal collision of the vehicle or a sensor that detects a rear-end collision, so that the own vehicle can perform a “front collision”. "And" back-to-back collision ", each sensor functions and tilts the backrest only to the rear,
The safety effect of protecting the upper body and head of a driver or the like that occurs when two different collision accidents occur is exhibited.

That is, in the case of "frontal collision", the head swings forward, and the upper body and the head of the human body are pushed back by the inflation of the airbag. The part can be protected in a rearwardly inclined position only rearward without causing a fatal injury to a driver or the like.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in each situation where the vehicle is subject to a “front collision” or “back collision”, each sensor functions to tilt the backrest only backward and two different collision accidents occur. The safety effect of protecting the driver's upper body and head, which sometimes occurs, is exhibited. Further, the rearward tilting of the backrest portion is forcibly restrained at a predetermined angle by the rearward tilt restricting means, thereby avoiding the risk that the occupant sitting in the front seat is thrown backward. Further, the occupant sitting in the rear seat is not hit hard by the rearward tilt of the front backrest, and the effect of ensuring safety is exhibited.

According to the third aspect, the control means releases the lock by the motor which is energized by the operation signal from the sensor for detecting various collisions. Can be moved in synchronization with the impact of various collisions. Further, since the control means for locking the backrest portion is performed by the reverse biasing of the motor or the reclining lever, the locking operation can be quickly performed, and the effect that the electric circuit can be reliably locked even if the electric circuit becomes inoperable is exhibited.

According to the fourth aspect, since the control means releases the lock by the electromagnetic actuator which is energized by the operation signal from the sensor for detecting various collisions, the operation time is completed in a very short time, and the backrest is completed. The part is moved backward in synchronization with the impact of various collisions. In addition, since the control means for locking the backrest portion is performed by a reverse bias or a reclining lever by deenergizing the electromagnetic actuator, the locking operation can be quickly performed, so that even if the electric circuit becomes inoperable, it can be securely locked. Be demonstrated.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rearward inclination restricting means includes a stop body engaging and disengaging from a projection provided on the toothed disk, and an operation for engaging and disengaging the stopper by connecting the stop body to control means. Since it is composed of an actuating body to be actuated, it can be directly connected and linked with the control means for actuating the stop body, a quick operation is performed, and the effect that the backrest portion that tilts backward instantaneously is reliably restrained at a predetermined angle is effective. Be demonstrated.

According to the sixth aspect, the rearward inclination restricting means is composed of a stop body which is engaged and disengaged with a projection attached to the toothed disk, and an electromagnetic actuator which is engaged and disengaged with the stop body in conjunction with the control means. Therefore, it can be directly linked to the control means for actuating the stop body, so that a quick operation is performed, and the effect of reliably restraining the backrest portion that instantaneously leans backward at a predetermined angle is exhibited.

According to the seventh aspect, since the shock absorber for buffering the rearward tilting force of the backrest is connected between the toothed disc and the seating frame, it occurs at the time of "frontal collision" or "backward collision". The impact force becomes a gentle backward tilting operation by the shock absorber buffering the rearward tilting force of the backrest,
It exerts a safety effect that the upper body and head of the driver etc. can be protected more safely and reliably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and is an overall perspective view of an internal structure of an impact absorbing sheet for an automobile.

FIG. 2 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an exploded perspective view of a main part.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an electric control system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation view in a state where the backrest is locked.

FIG. 5 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation view in a state where the backrest is unlocked.

FIG. 6 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation view in a state where the backrest is in a free state.

FIG. 7 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view mounted on a cab-over track.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing the first embodiment of the present invention and mounted on a wagon vehicle.

FIG. 9 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view of a wagon equipped with an air bag.

FIG. 10 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation diagram at the time of a frontal collision.

FIG. 11 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation diagram at the time of a rear collision.

FIG. 12 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation diagram of a relationship between an impact force and a movement of a backrest.

FIG. 13 shows the second embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation view in a state where the backrest is locked.

FIG. 14 shows the second embodiment of the present invention, and is an operational view in a state where the backrest is unlocked.

FIG. 15 shows the second embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation view in a state where the backrest is in a free state.

FIG. 16 is a side view of the internal structure of the shock absorbing sheet for a vehicle, showing the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view of a main part, showing the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a circuit diagram of an electric control system.

FIG. 19 shows the third embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation view in a state where the backrest is unlocked.

FIG. 20 shows the third embodiment of the present invention, and is an operation diagram in which the backrest part is tilted backward by a predetermined angle.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing an operation of the backrest portion falling down according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 shows the third embodiment of the present invention, and is an operational view of returning the backrest.

FIG. 23 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view of the internal structure of an automobile impact absorbing sheet.

FIG. 24 is a side view of the internal structure of the shock absorbing sheet for a vehicle, showing the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a side view of the internal structure of the shock absorbing sheet for a vehicle, showing the sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing an operation of a conventional automobile seat in a collision state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Driver's seat 3 Driver 5 Seat belt 9 Handle 10 Airbag 11 Seat part 13 Seat frame 15 Backrest part 17 Back frame 19 Headrest 20 Support member 21 Toothed disk 21A, 23B, 23'B Tooth part 23, 23 ' Toothed restraining body 23A Long hole 23C Support pin 23E, 23G Restraining pin 25, 31 Support bolt 27 Spring 30 Free handle 33 Stopper 40, 40 'Restraining body 40A, 40'A Connecting hole 40B Long hole 43 Rotating shaft 45 Operating body 49 Locking plate 50, SOL, SOL2 Electromagnetic solenoid 51 Movable body 53 Spring 55 Connecting rod 60 Disk 62 Projection 63 Stop body 65 Support shaft 67 Operating rod 69 Connecting rod 70 Shock absorber C1, C2, C3 Automobile C Electric control unit B Battery F Impact force G1, G2 Impact sensor R S Lock switch M Small motor Ro, R Control means R1, R3 Lock mechanism R2, R4 Unlock mechanism Ko Back-tilt restricting means θ Predetermined angle 100, 200, 300 Shock absorbing sheet

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A seat frame supporting a seat portion,
A back frame supporting the backrest is connected by a support member so as to be tiltable forward and backward, a toothed disk is provided on one side of the support member of the back frame on the backrest side, and one side of the seat frame of the support member is provided. The toothed restraint plate is provided so as to be able to move back and forth, and the urging means presses and meshes the teeth of the toothed restraint plate with the teeth of the toothed disc from about 45 degrees downward and forward. Part is rotatable only in the backward tilt direction. In addition, the toothed restraint plate normally locks both teeth in a meshing state, and responds to the operation of a sensor that detects a frontal collision or a rear collision of the vehicle at the time of collision. A shock absorbing sheet for a vehicle, comprising a control means for releasing the lock. 2. With respect to a seat frame supporting a seat portion,
A back frame supporting the backrest is connected by a support member so as to be tiltable forward and backward, a toothed disk is provided on one side of the support member of the back frame on the backrest side, and one side of the seat frame of the support member is provided. The toothed restraint plate is provided so as to be able to move back and forth, and the urging means presses and meshes the teeth of the toothed restraint plate with the teeth of the toothed disc from about 45 degrees downward and forward. Part is rotatable only in the backward tilt direction. In addition, the toothed restraint plate normally locks both teeth in a meshing state, and responds to the operation of a sensor that detects a frontal collision or a rear collision of the vehicle at the time of collision. Control means for releasing the lock by disengaging the toothed restraint plate from the toothed disk, and further comprising a rearward inclination restricting means for restraining the rearward tilt of the backrest at a predetermined angle when the toothed restraint plate is released from the toothed disk. Features shock absorbing seats for vehicles . 3. The control means releases the lock of both teeth by a motor which is energized by an operation signal of a sensor, and locks the motor by reversely energizing the motor or releasing the backrest by a reclining lever. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein
A shock absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to the above. 4. The control means releases the lock of both teeth by an electromagnetic actuator which is energized by an operation signal of the sensor, and locks by reversely energizing the electromagnetic actuator or releasing the backrest by a reclining lever. The shock absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 5. The rearward inclination restricting means includes a stop body engaged and disengaged from a projection provided on the toothed disk, and an operating body connected to the control means for engaging and disengaging the stop body with the projection. The impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to claim 2, comprising: 6. The rearward inclination restricting means includes a stop body that engages and disengages with a projection attached to the toothed disk, and an electromagnetic actuator that engages and disengages the stop body in conjunction with control means. The impact absorbing sheet for a vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: 7. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a shock absorber for buffering a rearward tilting force of the backrest is connected between the toothed disc and the seating frame. Shock absorbing sheet for vehicles.