JP2000270482A - System linkage method of natural energy generator - Google Patents
System linkage method of natural energy generatorInfo
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- JP2000270482A JP2000270482A JP11070413A JP7041399A JP2000270482A JP 2000270482 A JP2000270482 A JP 2000270482A JP 11070413 A JP11070413 A JP 11070413A JP 7041399 A JP7041399 A JP 7041399A JP 2000270482 A JP2000270482 A JP 2000270482A
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、自然エネルギ発電
装置の系統連係方法に係り、特に、太陽光、風力、潮力
等、自然エネルギをエネルギ源とする複数の発電装置
を、互いに並列に電力系統と連係させて運転する際に用
いるのに好適な、連係する電力系統の異常を能動的に監
視して、当該発電装置の単独運転を防止するようにした
自然エネルギ発電装置の系統連係方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system linking method for a natural energy power generation apparatus, and more particularly to a method for connecting a plurality of power generation apparatuses using natural energy such as sunlight, wind power, tidal power, etc., in parallel with each other. The present invention relates to a system linking method for a natural energy power generation device, which is suitable for use in operation in cooperation with a power system, which actively monitors an abnormality of a power system to be linked and prevents isolated operation of the power generation device. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】太陽光発電等、自然エネルギによる発電
装置を、既存の電力系統と接続して連係運転を行う場合
には、電力系統側の事故等で電力系統が停電した場合に
は、速やかにこれを検知して、発電装置の動作を停止
し、当該発電装置が単独に運転を継続して、電力系統を
充電することがないようにする必要がある。2. Description of the Related Art When a power generator using natural energy, such as solar power generation, is connected to an existing power system to perform cooperative operation, if an electric power system is cut off due to an accident on the power system side, etc. It is necessary to stop the operation of the power generation device after detecting this, and to prevent the power generation device from operating independently to charge the power system.
【０００３】その方法としては、通産省から公表された
「系統連係技術要件ガイドライン」で、単独運転移行時
のインバータ出力が力率１運転から負荷の力率に変化す
る瞬時の電圧位相の跳躍を検出する電圧位相跳躍検出方
式、単独運転移行時の変圧器の励磁電流供給に伴う電圧
歪みの急増を検出する第３次高調波電圧急増検出方式、
主として単独運転移行時に発電電力と負荷の不平衡によ
る周波数の急変を検出する周波数変化率検出方式等の受
動的方法、及び、能動的方法をそれぞれ持つことが求め
られている。[0003] As a method, a jump in the voltage phase at which the inverter output changes from a power factor of 1 operation to a power factor of a load at the time of transition to islanding operation is detected by the "Guidelines for System Linkage Technical Requirements" published by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Voltage phase jump detection method, a third harmonic voltage sudden increase detection method for detecting a sudden increase in voltage distortion due to the supply of exciting current of the transformer at the time of transition to islanding operation,
It is required to have a passive method such as a frequency change rate detection method for detecting a sudden change in frequency due to an imbalance between generated power and a load, and an active method mainly at the time of transition to islanding operation.
【０００４】後者の能動的方法としては、周期的に発電
装置から出る電力に外乱を与え、その影響の出方が、電
力系統が停電した場合と、そうでない場合で異なること
から電力系統の停電を検知している。具体的には、例え
ば、インバータの内部発信器に周波数バイアスを与えて
おき、単独運転時に現われる周波数変化を検出する周波
数シフト方式、インバータ出力に周期的な有効電力変動
を与えておき、単独運転時に現われる電圧、電流、ある
いは周波数変動を検出する有効電力変動方式、インバー
タ出力に周期的な無効電力変動を与えておき、単独運転
時に現われる周波数変動等を検出する無効電力変動方
式、インバータ出力と並列にインピーダンスを瞬時的且
つ周期的に挿入し、電圧又は電流の急変を検出する負荷
変動方式がある。As the latter active method, a disturbance is periodically applied to the electric power output from the power generator, and the influence of the disturbance differs depending on whether the power system is out of service or not. Is detected. Specifically, for example, a frequency bias is applied to the internal oscillator of the inverter, a frequency shift method for detecting a frequency change appearing during the isolated operation, a periodic active power fluctuation is applied to the inverter output, and the Active power fluctuation method to detect voltage, current, or frequency fluctuations that appear.Reactive power fluctuation method to detect frequency fluctuations that appear during inverter operation by giving periodic reactive power fluctuations to inverter output, parallel to inverter output. There is a load variation method in which impedance is instantaneously and periodically inserted to detect a sudden change in voltage or current.
【０００５】電力系統と連係する発電装置が複数台並列
運転されている場合、従来の方法では、個々に設置され
た発電装置が、それぞれの持つタイミングで能動的検知
方法を実行する。１つの電力系統に連係される、このよ
うな発電装置の台数が少ない場合には、個々の発電装置
が、それぞれに能動的検知方法を実行しても、相互の干
渉が軽微であり、その能力が損なわれることはない。In the conventional method, when a plurality of power generators associated with the power system are operated in parallel, the individually installed power generators execute the active detection method at the respective timings. If the number of such generators linked to one power system is small, even if the individual generators execute their respective active detection methods, mutual interference is minimal and their capacity is low. Is not impaired.
【０００６】ところが、並列台数が増加した場合には、
他の発電装置の影響で当該発電装置の機能が正常に動作
しないという問題点を有する。現在市販されている太陽
光発電装置でも、５〜６台が限度である。ところが、今
後産業用の分野で、このような発電装置を導入し、例え
ば太陽光発電の場合には、太陽電池の設置場所等の分散
設置の必要があるため、並列台数が増加する傾向にあ
る。However, when the number of parallel devices increases,
There is a problem that the function of the power generation device does not operate normally due to the influence of another power generation device. Even solar power generation devices currently on the market are limited to 5 to 6 units. However, in the field of industrial use in the future, such a power generation device will be introduced. For example, in the case of photovoltaic power generation, the number of parallel units tends to increase due to the necessity of dispersive installation such as a solar cell installation location. .
【０００７】その対策として、特開平１０−９４１７４
では、複数台の発電装置の能動的検知方法を同期させる
方法が提案されている。As a countermeasure, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-94174
Has proposed a method of synchronizing active detection methods of a plurality of power generation devices.
【０００８】又、特開平１０−１５５２４０では、複数
台の電力変換装置を１台の制御装置で駆動することで、
能動的検知方法を同時に実施する方法が提案されてい
る。In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-155240, a plurality of power converters are driven by a single control device.
A method has been proposed in which an active detection method is simultaneously performed.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これら
の方法では、大規模な装置では外乱要素が大きくなり、
電力会社の系統に影響が出ないまでも、自家設備への影
響が懸念されている。However, in these methods, the disturbance factor becomes large in a large-scale device,
Even if there is no effect on the power company grid, there is a concern that it will affect private facilities.
【００１０】本発明は、前記従来の問題点を解消するべ
くなされたもので、並列運転台数が増加しても、能動的
単独運転検知機能が正常に機能するようにすることを課
題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to enable the active islanding detection function to function normally even when the number of parallel operation units increases.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、自然エネルギ
をエネルギ源とする複数の発電装置を、互いに並列に電
力系統と連係させて運転する際に、連係する電力系統の
異常を能動的に監視して、当該発電装置の単独運転を防
止するようにした自然エネルギ発電装置の系統連係方法
において、一部の発電装置のみを、電力系統の異常を検
出するために能動的に外乱を発生する機能を有するマス
タ機とすることにより、前記課題を解決したものであ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, when a plurality of power generators using natural energy as an energy source are operated in parallel with each other and connected to a power system, abnormalities in the associated power system are actively detected. In the system linking method of a natural energy power generation device that monitors and prevents the isolated operation of the power generation device, only a part of the power generation device actively generates disturbance to detect an abnormality in the power system. This problem has been solved by using a master unit having functions.
【００１２】又、前記マスタ機のみに、電力系統の異常
を判定する機能を持たせ、マスタ機以外の発電装置に
は、該マスタ機で異常が検出された時に発電停止指令が
出力されるようにしたものである。Further, only the master unit has a function of judging an abnormality in the power system, and a power generation stop command is output to a generator other than the master unit when an abnormality is detected in the master unit. It was made.
【００１３】更に、前記マスタ機以外の発電装置にも、
電力系統の異常を判定する機能を持たせ、前記マスタ機
が発生した外乱の結果を各発電装置で判定して、異常が
検出された時に、発電を停止するようにしたものであ
る。[0013] Further, the power generators other than the master unit also include:
The power generation system has a function of determining an abnormality in the power system, and a result of disturbance generated by the master unit is determined in each power generation device, and when an abnormality is detected, power generation is stopped.
【００１４】更に、前記マスタ機が外乱を発生したタイ
ミングを、マスタ機以外の発電装置に知らせるようにし
たものである。Further, the timing at which the master unit generates a disturbance is notified to a power generation device other than the master unit.
【００１５】又、前記マスタ機以外の発電装置の判定結
果を前記マスタ機に知らせ、異常時には、該マスタ機か
らマスタ機以外の発電装置に発電停止指令を出力するよ
うにしたものである。Further, the determination result of the power generating device other than the master device is notified to the master device, and when an abnormality occurs, a power generation stop command is output from the master device to the power generating device other than the master device.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、太陽光発電の場合を例に採
って、本発明の実施形態を詳細に説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail, taking the case of solar power generation as an example.
【００１７】本実施形態は、図１に示す如く、太陽光発
電を行う太陽電池１０と、該太陽電池１０の出力を制御
するパワーコンディショナ１２が、電力会社の系統へ複
数台並列接続されたシステムにおいて、前記パワーコン
ディショナ１２に、マスタ／スレーブ切替スイッチ１
４、及び、単独運転検知信号入出力端子１６を設け、各
パワーコンディショナ１２が、マスタ／スレーブ切替ス
イッチ１４の操作によって、能動的に外乱を発生する機
能を有するマスタ機、あるいは、マスタ機で異常が検出
された時に発電停止指令が単独運転検出信号入出力端子
１６から入力されるスレーブ機のいずれにも使用可能と
している。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of solar cells 10 for generating solar power and a power conditioner 12 for controlling the output of the solar cells 10 are connected in parallel to a power company system. In the system, a master / slave switch 1 is provided to the power conditioner 12.
4 and an isolated operation detection signal input / output terminal 16 are provided, and each power conditioner 12 is a master unit having a function of actively generating disturbance by operating a master / slave changeover switch 14, or a master unit. When an abnormality is detected, a power generation stop command can be used for any of the slave units input from the isolated operation detection signal input / output terminal 16.
【００１８】本発明の第１実施形態では、各パワーコン
ディショナ１２のマスタ／スレーブ切替スイッチ１４
が、図２に示す如く設定され、単独運転検出信号入出力
端子１６が、同じく図２に示す如く接続されている。In the first embodiment of the present invention, the master / slave selector switch 14 of each power conditioner 12 is used.
Are set as shown in FIG. 2, and the isolated operation detection signal input / output terminal 16 is also connected as shown in FIG.
【００１９】更に、図３に示す如く、マスタ／スレーブ
切替スイッチ１４がマスタ側に設定されたパワーコンデ
ィショナ（マスタ（選択）機と称する）が、能動的単独
運転検知のための周波数変動等の外乱を内部クロックで
定周期に発生する機能と、電力系統の異常を判定する機
能の両者を含み、マスタ／スレーブ切替スイッチ１４が
スレーブ側に設定された残りのパワーコンディショナ
（スレーブ（選択）機と称する）は、単に、マスタ機か
らの発電停止指令が入力されるようにしたものである。Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a power conditioner (referred to as a master (selection) machine) in which a master / slave changeover switch 14 is set to a master side is used to detect a frequency fluctuation for active islanding detection. The master / slave switch 14 includes both a function of generating a disturbance at a fixed cycle with an internal clock and a function of determining an abnormality in a power system, and the remaining power conditioner (slave (selection) device) in which the master / slave switch 14 is set to the slave side. Simply referred to as a power generation stop command from the master unit.
【００２０】この第１実施形態では、マスタ機のみが能
動的に外乱を発生し、その時の電力系統の異常を判定す
る。残りのスレーブ機は、全て、該マスタ機から入力さ
れる発電停止指令により、発電を停止する。In the first embodiment, only the master unit actively generates a disturbance, and determines an abnormality in the power system at that time. All of the remaining slave units stop generating power in response to the power generation stop command input from the master unit.
【００２１】本実施形態においては、マスタ機のみが能
動的単独運転検知機能を有するので、発電装置相互の干
渉の恐れがない。In this embodiment, since only the master unit has the active islanding detection function, there is no possibility of interference between the power generating units.
【００２２】これに対して、本発明の第２実施形態で
は、スレーブ機に判定機能のみ持たせ、マスタ機が発生
した外乱の結果を、各発電装置で判定し、電力系統に異
常が認められた場合には、各発電装置の判定結果によ
り、それぞれ発電を停止するようにしたものである。On the other hand, in the second embodiment of the present invention, only the determination function is provided to the slave unit, and the result of the disturbance generated by the master unit is determined by each power generation device. In such a case, the power generation is stopped in accordance with the determination result of each power generation device.
【００２３】本実施形態においては、単独運転検知時に
スレーブ機の機能を停止するための信号をマスタ機から
スレーブ機に与える必要がなく、マスタ機とスレーブ機
間の配線を省略できる。In the present embodiment, there is no need to supply a signal for stopping the function of the slave unit from the master unit to the slave unit when the isolated operation is detected, and wiring between the master unit and the slave unit can be omitted.
【００２４】次に、本発明の第３実施形態では、前記マ
スタ機が外乱を発生したタイミングを、他のスレーブ機
に知らせるようにしている。これにより、外部からの外
乱による誤判定を防止することができる。Next, in a third embodiment of the present invention, the timing at which the master unit generates a disturbance is notified to other slave units. Thereby, erroneous determination due to external disturbance can be prevented.
【００２５】次に、本発明の第４実施形態では、並列運
転する各発電装置の判定結果をマスタ機に知らせ、異常
時には、マスタ機より、各発電装置に発電停止指令を出
力するようにしたものである。Next, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the judgment result of each of the power generators operating in parallel is notified to the master unit, and when abnormal, the master unit outputs a power generation stop command to each of the power generators. Things.
【００２６】この場合、例えば「全機一致」「多数決」
「１台でも異常検知時は全体停止」等の付加機能によ
り、より安定した判定が可能となる。In this case, for example, "all units match", "majority decision"
Additional functions, such as "the entire system is stopped when an abnormality is detected in one device", enables more stable determination.
【００２７】なお、以上の説明では、マスタ機を１台と
していたが、複数台が能動的検知方法を実施する場合の
相互干渉が軽微なレベル（台数）が明確であれば、それ
以下の複数の台数をマスタ機として扱ってもよい。In the above description, one master unit is used. However, when a plurality of units perform the active detection method, if the level (number) of mutual interference is small, a plurality of units below the master unit will be used. May be treated as the master unit.
【００２８】なお、前記説明においては、本発明が、太
陽電池を用いた太陽エネルギ発電装置に適用されていた
が、本発明の適用対象は、これに限定されない。In the above description, the present invention has been applied to a solar energy power generator using a solar cell, but the present invention is not limited to this.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、マスタ機のみが能動的
検知方法のための外乱を発生するため、相互干渉による
誤動作がない。更に、発電装置による自家設備内での外
乱量が少ないため、検知機能により電力の質が低下する
ことなく、安定した電力の供給が可能となる。According to the present invention, since only the master unit generates disturbance for the active detection method, there is no malfunction due to mutual interference. Further, since the amount of disturbance in the private facility by the power generation device is small, stable power supply is possible without lowering the power quality by the detection function.
【図１】本発明に係る系統連係を行うための自然エネル
ギ発電装置の全体構成を示すブロック線図FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a renewable energy power generation apparatus for performing system linkage according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第１実施形態におけるマスタ／スレー
ブ切替スイッチ及び単独運転検出信号入出力端子の接続
状態の例を示す、パワーコンディショナの背面図FIG. 2 is a rear view of the power conditioner showing an example of a connection state of a master / slave changeover switch and an isolated operation detection signal input / output terminal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】第１実施形態のマスタ選択機とスレーブ選択機
の機能を比較して示す表FIG. 3 is a table showing a comparison between functions of a master selection device and a slave selection device according to the first embodiment;
１０…太陽電池 １２…パワーコンディショナ １４…マスタ／スレーブ切替スイッチ １６…単独運転検出信号入出力端子 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Solar cell 12 ... Power conditioner 14 ... Master / slave changeover switch 16 ... Isolation detection signal input / output terminal
Claims (5)
電装置を、互いに並列に電力系統と連係させて運転する
際に、連係する電力系統の異常を能動的に監視して、当
該発電装置の単独運転を防止するようにした自然エネル
ギ発電装置の系統連係方法において、 一部の発電装置のみを、電力系統の異常を検出するため
に能動的に外乱を発生する機能を有するマスタ機とする
ことを特徴とする自然エネルギ発電装置の系統連係方
法。When a plurality of power generators using natural energy as an energy source are operated in parallel with each other and in operation with an electric power system, an abnormality in the associated electric power system is actively monitored, and an abnormality of the associated power system is monitored. In the system linking method of the natural energy power generation device for preventing the islanding operation, only a part of the power generation device is a master unit having a function of actively generating a disturbance to detect an abnormality in the power system. A system linking method for a renewable energy power generation device, characterized in that:
電力系統の異常を判定する機能を持たせ、マスタ機以外
の発電装置には、該マスタ機で異常が検出された時に発
電停止指令が出力されることを特徴とする自然エネルギ
発電装置の系統連係方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein only the master unit is provided.
A system linking system for a natural energy power generation device characterized by having a function of determining an abnormality in a power system, wherein a power generation stop command is output to a power generation device other than the master device when an abnormality is detected in the master device. Method.
外の発電装置にも、電力系統の異常を判定する機能を持
たせ、前記マスタ機が発生した外乱の結果を各発電装置
で判定して、異常が検出された時に、発電を停止するこ
とを特徴とする自然エネルギ発電装置の系統連係方法。3. A power generation device other than the master unit is further provided with a function of judging an abnormality in a power system, and the result of disturbance generated by the master unit is determined by each power generation unit. And stopping the power generation when an abnormality is detected.
発生したタイミングを、マスタ機以外の発電装置に知ら
せることを特徴とする自然エネルギ発電装置の系統連係
方法。4. A system linking method for a natural energy power generation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a timing at which said master unit generates a disturbance is notified to power generation units other than the master unit.
電装置の判定結果を前記マスタ機に知らせ、異常時に
は、該マスタ機からマスタ機以外の発電装置に発電停止
指令を出力することを特徴とする自然エネルギ発電装置
の系統連係方法。5. The power generation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a determination result of the power generation device other than the master device is notified to the master device, and when an abnormality occurs, a power generation stop command is output from the master device to the power generation device other than the master device. A system linking method for a natural energy power generation device.
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| JP07041399A JP3876562B2 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | System linkage method for natural energy power generation equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07041399A JP3876562B2 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | System linkage method for natural energy power generation equipment |
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| JP2000270482A true JP2000270482A (en) | 2000-09-29 |
| JP3876562B2 JP3876562B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
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