JP2000244238A - Grid array antenna - Google Patents
Grid array antennaInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000244238A JP2000244238A JP11045820A JP4582099A JP2000244238A JP 2000244238 A JP2000244238 A JP 2000244238A JP 11045820 A JP11045820 A JP 11045820A JP 4582099 A JP4582099 A JP 4582099A JP 2000244238 A JP2000244238 A JP 2000244238A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- basic
- basic element
- elements
- grid array
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、グリッドアレイア
ンテナに係わり、特に、例えば、平面形状で、低サイド
ローブ特性が要求される固定通信用または移動通信用基
地局アンテナ、あるいは、通信・放送衛星からの電波を
受信するための開口形アンテナのサブアレイ素子に適用
して有効なグリッドアレイアンテナに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grid array antenna, and more particularly to, for example, a base station antenna for fixed communication or mobile communication which requires a flat shape and low side lobe characteristics, or a communication / broadcast satellite. The present invention relates to a grid array antenna which is effective when applied to a sub-array element of an aperture antenna for receiving radio waves from a satellite.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図９は、従来の、衛星通信受信用に使用
されているグリッドアレイアンテナの概略構成を示す斜
視図である。同図（ａ）に示すように、従来のグリッド
アレイアンテナは、誘電体基板２０上に、複数個の長方
形の基本素子１０が、基本素子１０の短辺方向に矩形形
状に多段に配置されて構成される。この場合に、各段の
基本素子１０の短辺は、次段の基本素子１０の長辺の中
心部と交差するようにされる。ここで、基本素子１０の
長方形の短辺と長辺との比を、ほぼ１：２とすることに
より、放射ビームの最大放射方向として、矩形面に対し
て垂直の方向を得ることができる。なお、図９に示すグ
リッドアレイアンテナにおいては、基本素子１０は、誘
電体基板（プリント配線板、または絶縁体シート）２０
上に、エッチング手法により作成された金属箔で構成す
るようにしたが、この基本素子１０は、例えば、金属等
の線、状、帯等の導電体で構成することもできる。基本
素子１０の周囲長は、基本素子１０の周辺の比誘電率に
よって、その最適値が変化するが、比誘電率が１の場合
には、設計周波数の自由空間波長（λｏ）の約３倍、ま
たはこれより僅かに大きい値とした時に、放射ビームの
最大放射方向として、矩形面に対して垂直の方向得るこ
とができる。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional grid array antenna used for receiving satellite communications. As shown in FIG. 1A, in the conventional grid array antenna, a plurality of rectangular basic elements 10 are arranged on a dielectric substrate 20 in multiple stages in a rectangular shape in a short side direction of the basic element 10. Be composed. In this case, the short side of the basic element 10 of each stage is made to intersect the center of the long side of the basic element 10 of the next stage. Here, by making the ratio of the short side to the long side of the rectangle of the basic element 10 approximately 1: 2, the direction perpendicular to the rectangular plane can be obtained as the maximum radiation direction of the radiation beam. In the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9, the basic element 10 is a dielectric substrate (printed wiring board or insulator sheet) 20.
Although the basic element 10 is formed of a metal foil formed by an etching method, the basic element 10 may be formed of a conductor such as a line, a shape, or a band of a metal. The optimum value of the peripheral length of the basic element 10 varies depending on the relative dielectric constant of the periphery of the basic element 10, but when the relative dielectric constant is 1, about three times the free space wavelength (λo) of the design frequency. , Or a value slightly larger than this, the direction perpendicular to the rectangular plane can be obtained as the maximum radiation direction of the radiation beam.
【０００３】グリッドアレイアンテナでは、通常、単一
方向にビームを放射させる目的から、基本素子１０の形
成される面（以下、グリッドアレイ面と称する。）に平
行な反射板３０が配置される。この反射板３０は、導電
体の板、または格子やパンチングメタル等で構成され
る。反射板３０とグリッドアレイ面との間隔（図９の
ｈ）は、長方形の基本素子１０の配列数によって調整
し、基本素子１０の配列数を多くして、その間隔を狭め
ることで、放射ビームの放射効率を高めることができ
る。なお、図９に示すグリッドアレイアンテナにおいて
は、誘電体基板２０により、反射面３とグリッドアレイ
面との間隔を維持するようにしているが、反射面３とグ
リッドアレイ面との間隔を維持するために、発泡させた
プラスチック樹脂を介在させるか、あるいは、局所的に
絶縁体から成る樹脂スペーサ等で支えるようにしてもよ
い。仮に、グリッドアレイ面が樹脂板上に形成されてい
る場合には、基本素子１０を形成する導体に触れること
なく樹脂板を支えることができるのであれば、金属棒な
どの導電性スペーサを使用することもできる。In a grid array antenna, usually, a reflector 30 parallel to a surface on which the basic element 10 is formed (hereinafter, referred to as a grid array surface) is disposed for the purpose of emitting a beam in a single direction. The reflection plate 30 is made of a conductive plate, a grid, a punching metal, or the like. The distance (h in FIG. 9) between the reflector 30 and the grid array surface is adjusted by the number of the rectangular basic elements 10 arranged, and the number of the basic elements 10 is increased and the distance is narrowed to thereby obtain the radiation beam. Radiation efficiency can be increased. In the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9, the distance between the reflecting surface 3 and the grid array surface is maintained by the dielectric substrate 20, but the distance between the reflecting surface 3 and the grid array surface is maintained. For this purpose, a foamed plastic resin may be interposed, or locally supported by a resin spacer or the like made of an insulator. If the grid array surface is formed on a resin plate, a conductive spacer such as a metal bar is used if the resin plate can be supported without touching the conductor forming the basic element 10. You can also.
【０００４】グリッドアレイアンテナへの給電は、同軸
線路のようなＴＥＭ伝送線路を用いる。[0004] To supply power to the grid array antenna, a TEM transmission line such as a coaxial line is used.
【０００５】図９（ａ）に示すグリッドアレイアンテナ
では、図９（ｂ）に示すように、グリッドアレイ面の中
心付近で、基本素子１０の交点Ｃに同軸線路３１の芯線
を電気的に接続させて給電点を形成している。この場合
に、反射板３０のＣ点に対応する位置に穴３２を設け、
当該穴３２を通して同軸線路３１の芯線を交点Ｃに電気
的に接続させ、また、同軸線路３１の外部導体を反射板
３０と電気的に接続させる。給電点Ｃに印加された励振
電力により、基本素子１０の長辺および短辺から電磁波
が放射されるが、基本素子１０の長辺からの電磁波は打
ち消されるため、基本素子１０から放射されるビーム
は、短辺から放射される電磁波に依存する。In the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9A, as shown in FIG. 9B, the core wire of the coaxial line 31 is electrically connected to the intersection C of the basic element 10 near the center of the grid array surface. Thus, a feeding point is formed. In this case, a hole 32 is provided at a position corresponding to the point C of the reflection plate 30,
The core wire of the coaxial line 31 is electrically connected to the intersection C through the hole 32, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line 31 is electrically connected to the reflector 30. Electromagnetic waves are radiated from the long sides and short sides of the basic element 10 by the excitation power applied to the feeding point C, but the electromagnetic waves from the long sides of the basic element 10 are canceled out. Depends on the electromagnetic wave radiated from the short side.
【０００６】したがって、基本素子１０の長辺は、もっ
ぱら基本素子１０の短辺方向に多段に配置される複数の
基本素子１０に励振電力を供給するための伝送線路とし
て機能する。Accordingly, the long side of the basic element 10 functions as a transmission line for supplying excitation power to a plurality of basic elements 10 arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element 10.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図１０は、図９に示す
グリッドアレイアンテナの指向特性を示すグラフであ
り、同図（ａ）は、基本素子１０の長辺に平行な面（図
９のＸ−Ｚ平面）の指向特性を、同図（ｂ）は、基本素
子１０の短辺に平行な面（図９のＹ−Ｚ平面）の指向特
性を示す。この図１０のグラフから分かるように、いず
れの面においても、目立ったサイドローブが存在し、第
１サイドローブレベルは約−１３ｄＢとなっている。誘
電体基板２０上に、複数の基本素子１０が、基本素子１
０の短辺方向に矩形形状に多段に配置されて構成される
従来のグリッドアレイアンテナは、構成が簡単で、グリ
ッドアレイ面に対して直角な方向に効率の良くビームを
放射することができる。しかしながら、近年の衛星通
信、または衛星放送のように、一定の衛星軌道から送ら
れる複数の電波を受信する場合には、従来のグリッドア
レイアンテナの指向特性では、サイドローブレベルが高
いために、干渉により伝送情報が劣化してしまうという
問題点があった。本発明は、前記従来技術の問題点を解
決するためになされたものであり、本発明の目的は、サ
イドローブレベルを低減した指向特性を有するグリッド
アレイアンテナを提供することにある。本発明の前記な
らびにその他の目的と新規な特徴は、本明細書の記述及
び添付図面によって明らかにする。FIG. 10 is a graph showing the directional characteristics of the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 10A shows a plane parallel to the long side of the basic element 10 (FIG. 9). FIG. 2B shows the directivity of the plane parallel to the short side of the elementary element 10 (the YZ plane of FIG. 9). As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 10, noticeable side lobes exist on any surface, and the first side lobe level is about −13 dB. On the dielectric substrate 20, a plurality of basic elements 10
A conventional grid array antenna configured by being arranged in multiple stages in a rectangular shape in the short side direction of 0 has a simple configuration and can efficiently radiate a beam in a direction perpendicular to the grid array surface. However, when receiving a plurality of radio waves transmitted from a certain satellite orbit, such as in recent satellite communication or satellite broadcasting, the directivity of the conventional grid array antenna has a high side lobe level, which causes interference. As a result, there is a problem that transmission information is deteriorated. An object of the present invention is to provide a grid array antenna having a directional characteristic with a reduced side lobe level. The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本願において開示される
発明のうち、代表的なものの概要を簡単に説明すれば、
下記の通りである。即ち、本発明は、各段の基本素子の
短辺が、次段の基本素子の長辺の中心部と交差するよう
に、基本素子の短辺方向に多段に配置される複数個の長
方形の基本素子を有するグリッドアレイアンテナであっ
て、前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における
次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角
形の相等しい２辺を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状
に多段に配置されていることを特徴とする。また、本発
明は、各段の基本素子の短辺が、次段の基本素子の長辺
の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方向に多段
に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有するグリッ
ドアレイアンテナであって、前記複数個の基本素子が、
各段の基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角
部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角形の相等しい２辺を構成するよ
うに、二等辺三角形形状に多段に配置されている第１お
よび第２の基本素子群を有し、前記第１の基本素子群と
第２の基本素子群とは、第１段の基本素子同志が、互い
に向かい合って配置されていることを特徴とする。ま
た、本発明は、各段の基本素子の短辺が、次段の基本素
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、前記複数個の基本
素子が、各段の基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触
しない角部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角形の相等しい２辺を構
成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多段に配置されてい
る第１および第２の基本素子群を有し、前記第１の基本
素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、前記第１の基本素子群
の、前記各段の基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触
しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される二等辺三角形の一辺
と、前記第２の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子にお
ける次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成さ
れる二等辺三角形の１辺とが、互いに向かい合うように
配置されていることを特徴とする。また、本発明は、各
段の基本素子の短辺が、次段の基本素子の長辺の中心部
と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方向に多段に配置さ
れる複数個の長方形の基本素子を有するグリッドアレイ
アンテナであって、前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基
本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ
線が二等辺三角形の相等しい２辺を構成するように、二
等辺三角形形状に多段に配置されている第１ないし第４
の基本素子群を有し、前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基
本素子群とは、第１段の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい
合って配置され、前記第３の基本素子群と第４の基本素
子群とは、第１段の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合っ
て配置され、前記第１の基本素子群と、第３および第４
の基本素子群とは、前記第１の基本素子群の、前記各段
の基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を
結ぶ線で構成される二等辺三角形の二辺と、前記第３お
よび第４の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子における
次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される
二等辺三角形の一辺とが、互いに向かい合うように配置
されていることを特徴とする。また、本発明は、各段の
基本素子の短辺が、次段の基本素子の長辺の中心部と交
差するように、基本素子の短辺方向に多段に配置される
複数個の長方形の基本素子を有するグリッドアレイアン
テナであって、前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素
子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が
菱形を構成するように、菱形形状に多段に配置されてい
ることを特徴とする。また、本発明は、各段の基本素子
の短辺が、次段の基本素子の長辺の中心部と交差するよ
うに、基本素子の短辺方向に多段に配置される複数個の
長方形の基本素子を有するグリッドアレイアンテナであ
って、前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子におけ
る次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が菱形を構
成するように、菱形形状に多段に配置されている第１お
よび第２の基本素子群を有し、前記第１の基本素子群と
第２の基本素子群とは、第１段の基本素子同志が、互い
に向かい合って配置されていることを特徴とする。ま
た、本発明は、各段の基本素子の短辺が、次段の基本素
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、前記複数個の基本
素子が、各段の基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触
しない角部を結ぶ線が菱形を構成するように、菱形形状
に多段に配置されている第１および第２の基本素子群を
有し、前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、
前記第１の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子における
次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される
菱形の一辺と、前記第２の基本素子群の、前記各段の基
本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ
線で構成される菱形の１辺とが、互いに向かい合うよう
に配置されていることを特徴とする。また、本発明は、
各段の基本素子の短辺が、次段の基本素子の長辺の中心
部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方向に多段に配置
される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有するグリッドアレ
イアンテナであって、前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の
基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結
ぶ線が菱形を構成するように、菱形形状に多段に配置さ
れている第１ないし第４の基本素子群を有し、前記第１
の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、第１段の基本素
子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置され、前記第３の基
本素子群と第４の基本素子群とは、第１段の基本素子同
志が、互いに向かい合って配置され、前記第１の基本素
子群と、第３および第４の基本素子群とは、前記第１の
基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子における次段の基本
素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される菱形の二辺
と、前記第３および第４の基本素子群の、前記各段の基
本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ
線で構成される菱形の一辺とが、互いに向かい合うよう
に配置されていることを特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the inventions disclosed in the present application, the outline of a representative one will be briefly described.
It is as follows. That is, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangles arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements constitute two equal sides of an isosceles triangle in which lines connecting corners of each basic element that do not contact the next basic element constitute. As described above, it is characterized by being arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape. In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangular elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements are:
First and second isosceles triangles arranged in multiple stages so that lines connecting the corners of the basic elements of each stage that do not contact the next basic element constitute two equal sides of an isosceles triangle. The first basic element group and the second basic element group are characterized in that the first-stage basic element groups are arranged to face each other. In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangular elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements constitute two equal sides of an isosceles triangle in which lines connecting corners of each basic element that do not contact the next basic element constitute. As described above, the first basic element group and the second basic element group are arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape, and the first basic element group and the second basic element group Of a group, one side of an isosceles triangle formed by a line connecting corners that do not contact the next-stage basic element in each of the basic elements, and the second basic element group in the basic element of each of the stages. Isosceles triangle consisting of lines connecting corners that do not contact the next elementary element One side and, characterized in that it is arranged so as to face each other. In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangular elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements constitute two equal sides of an isosceles triangle in which lines connecting corners of each basic element that do not contact the next basic element constitute. As described above, the first to fourth elements are arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangle shape.
The first basic element group and the second basic element group are arranged such that first-stage basic element groups are arranged to face each other, and the third basic element group and the fourth basic element group The first basic element group is such that the first-stage basic element groups are arranged to face each other, and the first basic element group and the third and fourth basic element groups
The basic element group of the first basic element group, two sides of an isosceles triangle formed by a line connecting corners that do not contact the next-stage basic element in the basic element of each stage, In the third and fourth basic element groups, one side of an isosceles triangle formed by a line connecting corners that do not come into contact with the next basic element in each basic element is disposed so as to face each other. It is characterized by the following. In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangular elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that lines connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element form a rhombus. Characterized by being arranged in In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangular elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that lines connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element form a rhombus. And a first basic element group and a second basic element group. The first basic element group and the second basic element group are arranged such that first-stage basic elements are arranged to face each other. It is characterized by being. In addition, the present invention provides a plurality of rectangular elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the next basic element. A grid array antenna having a basic element, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that lines connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element form a rhombus. And a first basic element group and a second basic element group, wherein the first basic element group and the second basic element group
One side of a rhombus formed by a line connecting corners of the first basic element group that do not come into contact with the next basic element in each basic element, and each step of the second basic element group In the elementary device of the above, one side of a rhombus formed by a line connecting corners that do not contact the next-stage elementary element is disposed so as to face each other. Also, the present invention
A grid array having a plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element such that the short side of the basic element in each stage crosses the center of the long side of the basic element in the next stage An antenna, wherein the plurality of basic elements are arranged in multiple stages in a rhombic shape such that lines connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element form a rhombus. A first element group to a fourth element group;
The first elementary element group and the second elementary element group are arranged such that first-stage elementary elements face each other, and the third elementary element group and the fourth elementary element group are The basic elements are arranged so as to face each other, and the first basic element group and the third and fourth basic element groups are the next element of the first basic element group in the basic element of each stage. And two corners of a rhombus formed by lines connecting corners not in contact with the basic element, and corners of the third and fourth basic element groups that do not come into contact with the next-stage basic element in each of the basic elements in each stage Are arranged so that one side of a rhombus constituted by a line connecting.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実
施の形態を詳細に説明する。なお、実施の形態を説明す
るための全図において、同一機能を有するものは同一符
号を付け、その繰り返しの説明は省略する。 ［実施の形態１］図１は、本発明の実施の形態１のグリ
ッドアレイアンテナの基本素子の配置を説明するための
図である。同図（ａ）に示すように、本実施の形態のグ
リッドアレイアンテナでは、長方形の基本素子１０が、
各段の基本素子１０における次段の基本素子１０と接触
しない角部（１ａ〜５ａ，１ｂ〜５ｂ）を結ぶ線が、二
等辺三角形の相等しい２辺（１１ａ，１１ｂ）を構成す
るように、二等辺三角形形状に多段に配置される。この
場合に、複数個の基本素子１０は、各段の基本素子１０
の短辺が、次段の基本素子１０の長辺の中心部と交差す
るように、基本素子１０の短辺方向に多段に配置され
る。図１（ｂ）に示すように、単体の長方形の基本素子
１０は、例えば、線状の導体が長方形に形成されて構成
される。ここで、基本素子１０の長方形の短辺（Ｌ２）
と、基本素子１０の長方形の長辺（Ｌ１）との比（Ｌ
１：Ｌ２）を、ほぼ１：２とすることにより、放射ビー
ムの最大放射方向として、長方形の基本素子１０の矩形
面に対して垂直の方向を得ることができる。本実施の形
態のグリッドアレイアンテナは、図９に示すグリッドア
レイアンテナと同様、複数個の基本素子１０を、誘電体
基板（誘電体基板または誘電体シート）上に、エッチン
グ手法または導電体印刷手法を用いて形成して作成され
る。なお、金型を用いプレス機によって金属薄板を打ち
抜いて長方形の基本素子１０を形成し、当該基本素子１
０を、誘電体基板（誘電体基板または誘電体シート）上
に張り付けて、本実施の形態のグリッドアレイアンテナ
を作成するようにしてもよい。本実施の形態において
も、長方形の基本素子１０の周囲長は、図９に示すグリ
ッドアレイアンテナと同様、基本素子１０の周辺の比誘
電率によって、その最適値が変化するが、比誘電率が１
の場合には設計周波数の自由空間波長（λｏ）の約３
倍、またはこれより僅かに大きい値をした時に、放射ビ
ームの最大方向として、長方形の基本素子の矩形面に対
して垂直の方向を得ることができる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings for describing the embodiments, components having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repeated description thereof will be omitted. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1A, in the grid array antenna of the present embodiment, a rectangular basic element 10 is
The line connecting the corners (1a to 5a, 1b to 5b) of each elementary element 10 that does not contact the next elementary element 10 constitutes two equal sides (11a, 11b) of an isosceles triangle. , Are arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape. In this case, the plurality of basic elements 10 are
Are arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element 10 so that the short side of the element crosses the center of the long side of the basic element 10 at the next stage. As shown in FIG. 1B, a single rectangular basic element 10 is configured by, for example, forming a linear conductor into a rectangular shape. Here, the short side (L2) of the rectangle of the basic element 10
And the ratio of the long side (L1) of the rectangle of the basic element 10 (L
1: L2) is approximately 1: 2, so that a direction perpendicular to the rectangular surface of the rectangular element 10 can be obtained as the maximum radiation direction of the radiation beam. In the grid array antenna of the present embodiment, similarly to the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of basic elements 10 are formed on a dielectric substrate (dielectric substrate or dielectric sheet) by etching or conductor printing. It is created by forming using. In addition, a thin metal plate is punched out by a press using a mold to form a rectangular basic element 10.
0 may be attached to a dielectric substrate (a dielectric substrate or a dielectric sheet) to form the grid array antenna of the present embodiment. Also in the present embodiment, the optimum value of the peripheral length of the rectangular basic element 10 changes according to the relative dielectric constant around the basic element 10, as in the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 1
In the case of, the free space wavelength (λo) of the design frequency is about 3
At times or slightly greater, a direction perpendicular to the rectangular plane of the rectangular elementary element can be obtained as the maximum direction of the radiation beam.
【００１０】また、反射板と、グリッドアレイ面（基本
素子１０の形成される面）との関係は、長方形からなる
基本素子１０の配列数により調整し、基本素子１０の配
列数を多くして、その間隔を狭めることが望ましく、放
射ビームの放射効率を高めることができる。また、本実
施の形態においても、前記図９に示すグリッドアレイア
ンテナと同様、誘電体基板により、反射面とグリッドア
レイ面との間隔を維持するようにしているが、反射面と
グリッドアレイ面との間隔を維持するために、発泡させ
たプラスチック樹脂を介在させるか、あるいは、局所的
に絶縁体からなる樹脂スペーサ等で支えるようにしても
よい。仮に、グリッドアレイ面が樹脂板上に形成されて
いる場合には、基本素子１０を形成する導体に触れるこ
となく樹脂板を支えることができるのであれば、金属棒
などの導電性スペーサを使用することもできる。反射板
は、対応するグリッドアレイ面の大きさより大きいこと
が望ましく、これを構成する材料としては、反射係数の
大きなものであれば、金属のみならず炭素繊維で形成さ
れた導体面であってもよく、また、反射板の反射面は、
格子状や、反射面の一部に間隙がある所謂パンチングメ
タルを用いてもよい。The relationship between the reflector and the grid array surface (the surface on which the basic elements 10 are formed) is adjusted by the number of the basic elements 10 formed of rectangles, and the number of the basic elements 10 is increased. It is desirable to reduce the interval, and the radiation efficiency of the radiation beam can be increased. Also, in the present embodiment, as in the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9, the distance between the reflection surface and the grid array surface is maintained by the dielectric substrate. In order to maintain the above-mentioned interval, a foamed plastic resin may be interposed or the resin spacer may be locally supported by a resin spacer made of an insulator. If the grid array surface is formed on a resin plate, a conductive spacer such as a metal bar is used if the resin plate can be supported without touching the conductor forming the basic element 10. You can also. It is desirable that the reflector is larger than the size of the corresponding grid array surface, and a material constituting the reflector may be a conductor surface formed of not only metal but also carbon fiber as long as the material has a large reflection coefficient. Well, the reflective surface of the reflector is
A so-called punching metal having a lattice shape or a gap in a part of the reflection surface may be used.
【００１１】本実施の形態においても、図９に示すグリ
ッドアレイアンテナと同様、給電には同軸線路のような
ＴＥＭ伝送線路を用いる。そして、前記二等辺三角形の
相等しい２辺（１１ａ，１１ｂ）に挟まれる角を二等分
する二等分線を表す仮想線上と、長方形の基本素子との
交点を、給電点とする。この場合に、図９に示すグリッ
ドアレイアンテナと同様、反射板の給電点に対応する位
置に穴を設け、当該穴を通して同軸線路の芯線を給電点
に電気的接続させるとともに、当該穴に同軸線路の外部
導体を電気的に接続させる。なお、給電点の一例を、図
１に黒丸で示す。この給電点に印加された励振電力によ
り、基本素子１０の長辺および短辺から電磁波が放射さ
れるが、基本素子１０の長辺からの電磁波は打ち消され
るため、基本素子１０から放射されるビームは、短辺か
ら放射される電磁波に依存する。したがって、基本素子
１０の長辺は、もっぱら基本素子１０の短辺方向に多段
に配置される複数の基本素子１０に励振電力を供給する
ための伝送線路として機能することは、図９に示すグリ
ッドアレイアンテナと同様である。In the present embodiment, as in the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9, a TEM transmission line such as a coaxial line is used for power supply. Then, an intersection point between a virtual line representing a bisector that bisects an angle between two equal sides (11a, 11b) of the isosceles triangle and a rectangular basic element is set as a feeding point. In this case, similarly to the grid array antenna shown in FIG. 9, a hole is provided at a position corresponding to the feeding point of the reflector, and the core of the coaxial line is electrically connected to the feeding point through the hole. Are electrically connected. An example of the feeding point is shown by a black circle in FIG. Electromagnetic waves are radiated from the long sides and short sides of the basic element 10 by the excitation power applied to the feeding point, but the electromagnetic waves from the long sides of the basic element 10 are canceled out. Depends on the electromagnetic wave radiated from the short side. Therefore, the long side of the basic element 10 functions as a transmission line for supplying excitation power to the plurality of basic elements 10 arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element 10 as shown in FIG. It is the same as the array antenna.
【００１２】図２は、本実施の形態のグリッドアレイア
ンテナの一例の指向特性を示すグラフであり、長方形の
基本素子１０の長辺に平行な面の指向特性を示すグラフ
である。この図２に示すグラフは、基本素子１０の短
辺、並びに頂点（ＴＯ）から基本素子１０に延びる導体
の長さを０．５４λｏ、基本素子の長辺を１．０８λｏ
に選び、反射板とグリッドアレイ面との間隔を０．０５
λｏとした時の、基本素子１０の長辺に平行な面（図９
に示すＸ−Ｚ平面）の指向特性を測定した結果を示すグ
ラフである。なお、λｏは、設計中心周波数ｆｏにおけ
る自由空間波長である。このグラフから分かるように、
本実施の形態のグリッドアレイアンテナでは、サイドロ
ーブレベルが−２０ｄＢ以下と良好な値になっている。
このように、本実施の形態では、長方形の基本素子１０
を、三角形状に配置したので、アンテナ全体としての開
口電力分布をテーパー状とすることができるので、サイ
ドローブレベルを低減することができる。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the directional characteristics of an example of the grid array antenna according to the present embodiment, that is, a graph showing the directional characteristics of a surface parallel to the long side of the rectangular basic element 10. In the graph shown in FIG. 2, the length of the conductor extending from the short side of the basic element 10 and the vertex (TO) to the basic element 10 is 0.54λo, and the long side of the basic element is 1.08λo.
And set the distance between the reflector and the grid array surface to 0.05
The plane parallel to the long side of the elementary element 10 when λo (FIG. 9)
9 is a graph showing the results of measuring the directional characteristics of the XZ plane shown in FIG. Here, λo is a free space wavelength at the design center frequency fo. As you can see from this graph,
In the grid array antenna of the present embodiment, the side lobe level is a good value of −20 dB or less.
Thus, in the present embodiment, the rectangular basic element 10
Are arranged in a triangular shape, so that the aperture power distribution of the entire antenna can be tapered, so that the side lobe level can be reduced.
【００１３】［実施の形態２］図３は、本発明の実施の
形態２のグリッドアレイアンテナの基本素子の配置を説
明するための図である。本実施の形態のグリッドアレイ
アンテナは、前記実施の形態１のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナを２個組み合わせて、直交する二つの直線偏波を共用
する偏波共用アンテナを構成したものである。同図に示
すように、本実施の形態のグリッドアレイアンテナは、
第１の基本素子群（Ｇ１）と、第２の基本素子群（Ｇ
２）とを有する。第１および第２の基本素子群（Ｇ１，
Ｇ２）は、それぞれ、長方形の基本素子１０が、各段の
基本素子１０における次段の基本素子１０と接触しない
角部（１ａ〜５ａ，１ｂ〜５ｂ）を結ぶ線が、二等辺三
角形の相等しい２辺（１１ａ，１１ｂ，１２ａ，１２
ｂ）を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多段に配置
されて構成される。ここで、第１の基本素子群（Ｇ１）
と、第２の基本素子群（Ｇ２）とは、互いに直交するよ
うに、即ち、第１の基本素子群（Ｇ１）の、各段の基本
素子１０における次段の基本素子１０と接触しない角部
を結ぶ線で構成される二等辺三角形の一辺（１１ａ）
と、第２の基本素子群（Ｇ２）の、格段の基本素子１０
における次段の基本素子１０と接触しない角部を結ぶ線
で構成される二等辺三角形の１辺（１２ｂ）とが互いに
向かい合うように配置されている。本実施の形態のグリ
ッドアレイアンテナにおいて、図３に示す黒丸Ｈに励振
電力を供給したときに得られる放射電界の偏波面を水平
偏波としたとき、図３の黒丸Ｖに励振電力を供給したと
きに得られる放射電界の偏波面は垂直偏波となる。[Embodiment 2] FIG. 3 is a diagram for describing an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The grid array antenna according to the present embodiment is configured by combining two grid array antennas according to the first embodiment to form a dual-polarization antenna that shares two orthogonal linear polarizations. As shown in the figure, the grid array antenna of the present embodiment
A first basic element group (G1) and a second basic element group (G
2). The first and second basic element groups (G1,
G2) indicates that the line connecting the corners (1a to 5a, 1b to 5b) of the rectangular basic element 10 that do not contact the next basic element 10 in each basic element 10 is an isosceles triangular phase. Two equal sides (11a, 11b, 12a, 12
As shown in b), it is arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape. Here, the first basic element group (G1)
And the second basic element group (G2) are orthogonal to each other, that is, the angles of the first basic element group (G1) that do not come into contact with the next basic element 10 in the basic element 10 of each stage. One side (11a) of an isosceles triangle composed of lines connecting the parts
And the outstanding basic element 10 of the second basic element group (G2).
Are arranged so that one side (12b) of an isosceles triangle formed by a line connecting the corners that do not contact the next basic element 10 faces each other. In the grid array antenna of the present embodiment, when the plane of polarization of the radiated electric field obtained when the excitation power is supplied to the black circle H shown in FIG. 3 is horizontal polarization, the excitation power is supplied to the black circle V in FIG. The polarization plane of the radiated electric field sometimes obtained is vertically polarized.
【００１４】［実施の形態３］図４は、本発明の実施の
形態３のグリッドアレイアンテナの基本素子の配置を説
明するための図である。本実施の形態のグリッドアレイ
アンテナでは、高利得化のために、前記実施の形態１の
グリッドアレイアンテナを２個線対称に配置したもので
ある。即ち、同図に示すように、それぞれ、長方形の基
本素子１０が、各段の基本素子１０における次段の基本
素子１０と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が、二等辺三角形の
相等しい２辺を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多
段に配置される第１の基本素子群（Ｇ１）および第２の
基本素子群（Ｇ２）とを、頂点（ＴＯ）が互いに向かい
合うように、線対称に配置したものである。給電点は、
図１で説明した条件下であれば、任意の場所を選ぶこと
ができるが、対称軸に対して対称に配置し、各々の給電
点の位相が逆相となるようにすることで、グリッドアレ
イアンテナが作る面に対して直角方向に交叉偏波成分の
少ない最大放射がなされる。なお、本実施の形態におい
ても、前記実施の形態２に同様に、本実施の形態のグリ
ッドアレイアンテナを組み合わせて、直交する二つの直
線偏波を共用する偏波共用アンテナを実現することもで
きる。[Embodiment 3] FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the grid array antenna according to the present embodiment, two grid array antennas according to the first embodiment are symmetrically arranged to increase the gain. That is, as shown in the figure, the line connecting the corners where the rectangular elementary element 10 does not come into contact with the elementary element 10 of the next stage in each elementary element 10 is formed by two equal sides of an isosceles triangle. As configured, the first elementary element group (G1) and the second elementary element group (G2) arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape are line-symmetrically arranged so that vertices (TO) face each other. It is arranged. The feed point is
Under the conditions described with reference to FIG. 1, any place can be selected. However, the grid array is arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry so that the phase of each feed point is opposite. The maximum radiation with a small cross-polarization component is made in the direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the antenna. Note that, in the present embodiment as well, as in the second embodiment, it is possible to realize a dual-polarization antenna that shares two orthogonal linear polarizations by combining the grid array antennas of the present embodiment. .
【００１５】［実施の形態４］図５は、本発明の実施の
形態４のグリッドアレイアンテナの基本素子の配置を説
明するための図である。本実施の形態のグリッドアレイ
アンテナは、長方形の基本素子を菱形形状に配置した点
で、前記実施の形態１のグリッドアレイアンテナと相違
する。即ち、同図に示すように、本実施の形態のグリッ
ドアレイアンテナでは、長方形の基本素子１０が、各段
の基本素子１０における次段の基本素子１０と接触しな
い角部（１ａ〜５ａ，１ｂ〜５ｂ，５ｃ〜９ｃ，５ｄ〜
９ｄ）を結ぶ線が、菱形を構成するように、菱形形状に
多段に配置される。図６は、本実施の形態の菱形形状グ
リッドアレイの一例の指向特性を示すグラフである。こ
の図６に示すグラフは、長方形の基本素子１０が菱形形
状に配置されている以外は、前記図２と同様、長方形の
基本素子１０の短辺、並びに頂点（ＴＯ）から長方形の
基本素子１０に延びる導体の長さを０．５４λｏ、長方
形の基本素子１０の長辺を１．０８λｏに選び、反射板
とグリッドアレイ面との間隔を０．０５λｏとした時の
指向特性を測定した結果を示すグラフである。同図
（ａ）は、長方形の基本素子１０の長辺に平行な面（図
９のＸ−Ｚ平面）の指向特性を、同図（ｂ）は、長方形
の基本素子１０の短辺に平行な面（図９のＹ−Ｚ平面）
の指向特性を示している。この図６のグラフから分かる
ように、いずれの面においても、サイドローブレベルが
−２０ｄＢ以下と良好な値になっている。これは、ビー
ムの放射に寄与する長方形の基本素子１０の短辺の数の
分布が、中心付近で最大となるテーパー状となっている
ためであり、図中のＸ軸、Ｙ軸いずれの方向に対しても
良好な低サイドローブ特性となる。図７は、本発明の実
施の形態４のグリッドアレイの一例の、アンテナ面に垂
直な方向における利得の周波数特性を示すグラフであ
る。なお、この図７に示すグラフは、図６の指向特性測
定と同じ条件で、アンテナ面に垂直な方向における利得
の周波数特性を、設計中心周波数ｆｏで正規化して示す
グラフである。この図７から分かるように、本実施の形
態のグリッドアレイは、比較的広い周波数にわたって、
アンテナ面に垂直な方向に２０ｄＢｉ以上の利得を有し
ている。なお、本実施の形態においても、前記実施の形
態３と同様、頂点（ＴＯ）が互いに向かい合うように、
二つの菱形形状グリッドアレイアンテナを線対称に配置
することにより、高利得化を達成することができる。[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The grid array antenna of the present embodiment differs from the grid array antenna of the first embodiment in that rectangular basic elements are arranged in a rhombus shape. That is, as shown in the figure, in the grid array antenna of the present embodiment, the rectangular basic element 10 has corners (1a to 5a, 1b) of the basic element 10 of each stage that do not contact the next basic element 10. ~ 5b, 5c ~ 9c, 5d ~
The lines connecting 9d) are arranged in multiple stages in a rhombus shape so as to form a rhombus. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the directional characteristics of an example of the rhombic grid array according to the present embodiment. The graph shown in FIG. 6 is similar to FIG. 2 except that the rectangular basic element 10 is arranged in a rhombic shape, and the rectangular basic element 10 is measured from the short side and the vertex (TO) of the rectangular basic element 10. The length of the conductor extending in the direction of 0.54λo, the long side of the rectangular basic element 10 was selected as 1.08λo, and the directivity characteristics when the distance between the reflector and the grid array surface was 0.05λo were measured. It is a graph shown. 9A shows the directivity characteristics of a plane parallel to the long side of the rectangular basic element 10 (the XZ plane in FIG. 9), and FIG. Surface (YZ plane in FIG. 9)
Is shown. As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 6, the side lobe level is a good value of −20 dB or less on any surface. This is because the distribution of the number of short sides of the rectangular basic element 10 contributing to the radiation of the beam is tapered so as to be maximum near the center. And also has good low side lobe characteristics. FIG. 7 is a graph showing a frequency characteristic of a gain in a direction perpendicular to the antenna surface of an example of the grid array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Note that the graph shown in FIG. 7 is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the gain in the direction perpendicular to the antenna surface normalized by the design center frequency fo under the same conditions as the measurement of the directivity characteristics in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the grid array of the present embodiment covers a relatively wide frequency range.
It has a gain of 20 dBi or more in the direction perpendicular to the antenna surface. In this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the vertexes (TO) face each other so as to face each other.
High gain can be achieved by arranging the two rhombic grid array antennas in line symmetry.
【００１６】［実施の形態５］図８は、本発明の実施の
形態５のグリッドアレイアンテナの基本素子の配置を説
明するための図である。本実施の形態のグリッドアレイ
アンテナは、前記実施の形態４のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナを２個組み合わせて、直交する二つの直線偏波を共用
する偏波共用アンテナを構成したものである。同図に示
すように、本実施の形態のグリッドアレイアンテナは、
第１の基本素子群（Ｇ１）と、第２の基本素子群（Ｇ
２）とを有する。第１および第２の基本素子群（Ｇ１，
Ｇ２）は、それぞれ、長方形の基本素子１０が、各段の
基本素子１０における次段の基本素子１０と接触しない
角部（１ａ〜５ａ，１ｂ〜５ｂ，５ｃ〜９ｃ，５ｄ〜９
ｄ）を結ぶ線が、菱形を構成するように、菱形形状に多
段に配置されて構成される。ここで、第１の基本素子群
（Ｇ１）と、第２の基本素子群（Ｇ２）とは、互いに直
交するように、即ち、第１の基本素子群（Ｇ１）の、各
段の基本素子１０における次段の基本素子１０と接触し
ない角部を結ぶ線で構成される菱型の一辺（１３）と、
第２の基本素子群（Ｇ２）の、各段の基本素子１０にお
ける次段の基本素子１０と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構
成される菱型の一辺（１４）とが互いに向かい合うよう
に配置されている。図８に示す黒丸Ｈに励振電力を供給
したときに得られる放射電界の偏波面を水平偏波とした
とき、図３の黒丸Ｖに励振電力を供給したときに得られ
る放射電界の偏波面は垂直偏波となる。以上、本発明者
によってなされた発明を、前記実施の形態に基づき具体
的に説明したが、本発明は、前記実施の形態に限定され
るものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範図において種
々変更可能であることは勿論である。[Fifth Embodiment] FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The grid array antenna according to the present embodiment is a combination of two grid array antennas according to the fourth embodiment to form a dual-polarization antenna that shares two orthogonal linear polarizations. As shown in the figure, the grid array antenna of the present embodiment
A first basic element group (G1) and a second basic element group (G
2). The first and second basic element groups (G1,
G2) are the corners (1a to 5a, 1b to 5b, 5c to 9c, 5d to 9c) of the rectangular element 10 that do not come into contact with the next element 10 in each element.
The lines connecting d) are arranged in multiple stages in a rhombus shape so as to form a rhombus. Here, the first basic element group (G1) and the second basic element group (G2) are orthogonal to each other, that is, the basic element of each stage of the first basic element group (G1). One side (13) of a rhombus composed of lines connecting corners that do not contact the next-stage elementary element 10 in (10)
The second basic element group (G2) is arranged such that one side (14) of a rhombus formed by a line connecting corners of the basic element 10 of each stage that does not contact the next basic element 10 faces each other. Have been. When the plane of polarization of the radiated electric field obtained when the excitation power is supplied to the black circle H shown in FIG. 8 is horizontal polarization, the plane of polarization of the radiated electric field obtained when the excitation power is supplied to the black circle V in FIG. It becomes vertically polarized. As described above, the invention made by the inventor has been specifically described based on the above-described embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications may be made without departing from the gist of the invention. Of course, it is possible.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本願において開示される発明のうち代表
的なものによって得られる効果を簡単に説明すれば、下
記の通りである。 （１）本発明によれば、指向特性におけるサイドローブ
レベルを低減することができるので、過密な無線回線の
干渉を軽減することが可能となる。 （２）本発明によれば、長方形の各基本素子に励振電力
を給電するための給電点の設定に自由度があり、また、
長方形の各基本素子に損失なく励振電力を供給するため
の伝送線路を別途設ける必要がないので、簡単な構造
で、平面形状のアンテナを安価に作成することが可能と
なる。The effects obtained by typical ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows. (1) According to the present invention, since the side lobe level in the directional characteristics can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the interference of a dense radio line. (2) According to the present invention, there is a degree of freedom in setting a feeding point for feeding excitation power to each rectangular elementary element.
Since there is no need to separately provide a transmission line for supplying excitation power to each rectangular element without loss, a planar antenna with a simple structure can be produced at low cost.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態１のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナの基本素子の配置を説明するための図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施の形態１のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナの一例の指向特性を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing directional characteristics of an example of the grid array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施の形態２のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナの基本素子の配置を説明するための図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施の形態３のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナの基本素子の配置を説明するための図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の実施の形態４のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナの基本素子の配置を説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の実施の形態４のグリッドアレイの一例
の指向特性を示すグラフである。FIG. 6 is a graph showing directional characteristics of an example of a grid array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の実施の形態４のグリッドアレイの一例
の、アンテナ面に垂直な方向における利得の周波数特性
を示すグラフである。FIG. 7 is a graph showing a frequency characteristic of a gain in a direction perpendicular to an antenna surface of an example of a grid array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の実施の形態５のグリッドアレイアンテ
ナの基本素子の配置を説明するための図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of basic elements of a grid array antenna according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】従来の、衛星通信受信用に使用されているグリ
ッドアレイアンテナの概略構成を示す斜視図である。FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional grid array antenna used for satellite communication reception.
【図１０】図９に示すグリッドアレイアンテナの指向特
性を示すグラフである。10 is a graph showing the directional characteristics of the grid array antenna shown in FIG.
１ａ〜５ａ，１ｂ〜５ｂ，５ｃ〜９ｃ，５ｄ〜９ｄ…基
本素子の角部、１０…長方形の基本素子、１１ａ，１１
ｂ，１２ａ，１２ｂ…二等辺三角形の相等しい２辺、１
３，１４…菱形の２辺、２０…誘電体基板、３０…反射
板、３１…同軸線路、３２…穴、ＴＯ…頂点、Ｇ１，Ｇ
２…基本素子群。1a to 5a, 1b to 5b, 5c to 9c, 5d to 9d: corners of basic element, 10: rectangular basic element, 11a, 11
b, 12a, 12b: two equal sides of an isosceles triangle, 1
3, 14: two sides of a diamond, 20: dielectric substrate, 30: reflector, 31: coaxial line, 32: hole, TO: apex, G1, G
2. Basic element group.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 5J021 AA05 AA09 AA11 AB04 CA03 DB03 FA05 FA32 GA05 HA05 HA10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5J021 AA05 AA09 AA11 AB04 CA03 DB03 FA05 FA32 GA05 HA05 HA10
Claims (8)
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子は、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角形の
相等しい２辺を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多
段に配置されていることを特徴とするグリッドアレイア
ンテナ。1. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in a short side direction of a basic element such that a short side of a basic element of each stage intersects a center of a long side of a basic element of the next stage. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements are such that lines connecting corners of the basic elements of each stage that do not contact the next basic element constitute two equal sides of an isosceles triangle. A grid array antenna, which is arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape.
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角形の
相等しい２辺を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多
段に配置されている第１および第２の基本素子群を有
し、 前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、第１段
の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置されている
ことを特徴とするグリッドアレイアンテナ。2. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the direction of the short side of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element of each level intersects the center of the long side of the basic element of the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements form two equal sides of an isosceles triangle, the lines connecting corners of the respective basic elements that do not contact the next basic element. A first and a second elementary element group arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape, wherein the first and second elementary element groups are the first elementary element elements Are arranged facing each other.
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角形の
相等しい２辺を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多
段に配置されている第１および第２の基本素子群を有
し、 前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、前記第
１の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子における次段の
基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される二等辺
三角形の一辺と、前記第２の基本素子群の、前記各段の
基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結
ぶ線で構成される二等辺三角形の１辺とが、互いに向か
い合うように配置されていることを特徴とするグリッド
アレイアンテナ。3. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the direction of the short side of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each level intersects the center of the long side of the basic element in the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements form two equal sides of an isosceles triangle, the lines connecting corners of the respective basic elements that do not contact the next basic element. And a first element group and a second element group that are arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape. The first element group and the second element group are the first element group. One side of an isosceles triangle formed by a line connecting corners that do not come into contact with the next-stage basic element in each of the above-described basic elements; An isosceles triangle consisting of lines connecting corners that do not contact the basic element of the step Grid array antennas sides and is characterized by being arranged so as to face each other.
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が二等辺三角形の
相等しい２辺を構成するように、二等辺三角形形状に多
段に配置されている第１ないし第４の基本素子群を有
し、 前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、第１段
の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置され、 前記第３の基本素子群と第４の基本素子群とは、第１段
の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置され、 前記第１の基本素子群と、第３および第４の基本素子群
とは、前記第１の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子に
おける次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成
される二等辺三角形の二辺と、前記第３および第４の基
本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子における次段の基本素
子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される二等辺三角形
の一辺とが、互いに向かい合うように配置されているこ
とを特徴とするグリッドアレイアンテナ。4. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the direction of the short side of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each level intersects the center of the long side of the basic element in the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements form two equal sides of an isosceles triangle, the lines connecting corners of the respective basic elements that do not contact the next basic element. A first to a fourth elementary element group arranged in multiple stages in an isosceles triangular shape, wherein the first elementary element group and the second elementary element group are Are arranged facing each other, and the third basic element group and the fourth basic element group are arranged such that first-stage basic elements are arranged facing each other, and the first basic element group is The third and fourth basic element groups are the same as those of the first basic element group. Two sides of an isosceles triangle formed by lines connecting corners that do not come into contact with the next elementary element in the elementary element, and the next elementary element in the third element and the elementary element of the third elementary element group A grid array antenna, wherein one side of an isosceles triangle constituted by a line connecting corners that do not contact the basic element is arranged so as to face each other.
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子は、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が菱形を構成する
ように、菱形形状に多段に配置されていることを特徴と
するグリッドアレイアンテナ。5. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the direction of the short side of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element of each stage intersects the center of the long side of the basic element of the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that a line connecting corners that do not come into contact with the next basic element in each basic element forms a rhombus. A grid array antenna, being arranged.
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が菱形を構成する
ように、菱形形状に多段に配置されている第１および第
２の基本素子群を有し、 前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、第１段
の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置されている
ことを特徴とするグリッドアレイアンテナ。6. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the direction of the short side of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element at each level intersects the center of the long side of the basic element at the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that a line connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element forms a rhombus. The first basic element group and the second basic element group are arranged, and the first basic element group and the second basic element group are arranged such that first-stage basic elements face each other. A grid array antenna, characterized in that:
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が菱形を構成する
ように、菱形形状に多段に配置されている第１および第
２の基本素子群を有し、 前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、前記第
１の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子における次段の
基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される菱形の
一辺と、前記第２の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子
における次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構
成される菱形の１辺とが、互いに向かい合うように配置
されていることを特徴とするグリッドアレイアンテナ。7. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the short side direction of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each stage intersects the center of the long side of the basic element in the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that a line connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element forms a rhombus. The first basic element group and the second basic element group are arranged, and the first basic element group and the second basic element group One side of a rhombus formed by a line connecting corners that do not come into contact with the next basic element, and a corner that does not come into contact with the next basic element in each of the basic elements of the second basic element group. One side of the rhombus composed of lines is arranged so as to face each other Grid array antenna, wherein the door.
子の長辺の中心部と交差するように、基本素子の短辺方
向に多段に配置される複数個の長方形の基本素子を有す
るグリッドアレイアンテナであって、 前記複数個の基本素子が、各段の基本素子における次段
の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線が菱形を構成する
ように、菱形形状に多段に配置されている第１ないし第
４の基本素子群を有し、 前記第１の基本素子群と第２の基本素子群とは、第１段
の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置され、 前記第３の基本素子群と第４の基本素子群とは、第１段
の基本素子同志が、互いに向かい合って配置され、 前記第１の基本素子群と、第３および第４の基本素子群
とは、前記第１の基本素子群の、前記各段の基本素子に
おける次段の基本素子と接触しない角部を結ぶ線で構成
される菱形の二辺と、前記第３および第４の基本素子群
の、前記各段の基本素子における次段の基本素子と接触
しない角部を結ぶ線で構成される菱形の一辺とが、互い
に向かい合うように配置されていることを特徴とするグ
リッドアレイアンテナ。8. A plurality of rectangular basic elements arranged in multiple stages in the direction of the short side of the basic element so that the short side of the basic element in each level intersects the center of the long side of the basic element in the next level. A grid array antenna having elements, wherein the plurality of basic elements are multi-staged in a rhombic shape such that a line connecting corners of the basic elements in each stage that do not contact the next-stage basic element forms a rhombus. A first elementary element group and a second elementary element group, wherein the first elementary element group and the second elementary element group are arranged such that first-level elementary elements face each other; The third basic element group and the fourth basic element group are such that the first-stage basic element groups are arranged to face each other, and the first basic element group, the third and fourth basic element groups, Is the next basic element in the basic element of each stage of the first element group. It connects two sides of a rhombus composed of lines connecting corners that do not come into contact with the child, and corners that do not come into contact with the next-stage basic element in each of the basic elements in the third and fourth basic element groups. A grid array antenna, wherein one side of a rhombus composed of lines is arranged so as to face each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04582099A JP3960701B2 (en) | 1999-02-24 | 1999-02-24 | Grid array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04582099A JP3960701B2 (en) | 1999-02-24 | 1999-02-24 | Grid array antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000244238A true JP2000244238A (en) | 2000-09-08 |
| JP3960701B2 JP3960701B2 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
Family
ID=12729899
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04582099A Expired - Fee Related JP3960701B2 (en) | 1999-02-24 | 1999-02-24 | Grid array antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3960701B2 (en) |
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