JP2000220473A - Heat exchanger for suction air cooling of gas turbine device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cool the suction air sucked in the air compressor of a gas turbine device at a high heat exchanging efficiency, by directly contacting the suction air with a cooling water. SOLUTION: In a device main body 2, water film forming sheets 18 are provided parallel numerously in the gravity direction, and during the time that the cooling water flowing down from cooling water feeding parts 3 flows down on the surfaces of the water film forming sheets 18 in a thin water film form, the cooling water is contacted directly with a suction air 101 so as to heat exchange it. The heat exchanged cooling water is circulated from a cooling water exhaust pipe 10 through a cooling device. And the water film forming sheets 18 consist of a fiber form or a net form of sheet material having the surface of a good water diffusing property, or a good wetting property, or a good water absorbing property.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling the intake air of a gas turbine apparatus by exchanging heat with cooling water, and more particularly, to a method in which cooling water flowing down the surface of a water film forming sheet is brought into direct contact with the intake air. Related to a heat exchanger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Gas turbine generators, which generate electric power by driving a generator by a gas turbine, and cogeneration systems that generate steam from high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine and supply the steam to utilization facilities, etc. The device is widely used. In general, a gas turbine device is an air compressor that draws in air and compresses it, a combustion device that introduces the compressed air and fuel and burns it to generate high-pressure gas, and a gas turbine driven by the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas. In general, the air compressor and the gas turbine are connected by a common shaft.

[0003] Intake air (external air) sucked into the air compressor
Temperature greatly affects the output of the gas turbine device. In particular, when the temperature of the intake air increases in summer or the like, the density decreases accordingly, and the mass of the intake air compressed by the air compressor per unit time also decreases. As a result, the output of the gas turbine device decreases. In order to solve this problem, a method has been adopted in which the intake air sucked into the air compressor is cooled by exchanging heat with cooling water in a heat exchanger in advance. When the intake air is cooled in this way, a decrease in the output of the gas turbine device due to a decrease in the intake mass is avoided, and the ratio between the intake temperature (absolute temperature T ₁ ) of the air compressor and the gas turbine intake temperature (absolute temperature T ₃ ) is reduced. Since T ₃ / T ₁ increases, the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine device also improves.

FIG. 5 is a process flow chart for explaining a gas turbine device adopting a conventional intake cooling system. The intake air 101 exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the cooling water pipe 103 while passing through the heat exchanger 102, is cooled to a predetermined density, and is sucked into the air compressor 104. The intake air is compressed by the air compressor 104 in a state close to heat insulation and introduced into the combustion device 105. In the combustion device 105, the fuel supplied from the pipe 106 is mixed with the compressed air and burned, and is supplied to the gas turbine 107 as a high-pressure gas maintained at a high temperature. Drive. A generator 108 and an air compressor 104 are connected to the gas turbine 107 by a shaft. Normally, about 40% of the output of the gas turbine 107 is converted into a power generation output, and most of the remaining power is consumed as driving energy of the air compressor 104. Is done.

The high-temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine 107 is supplied to an exhaust gas boiler 109 and exchanges heat with feed water flowing through a heating pipe 110 to generate steam.
Is more exhausted. The steam generated by the exhaust gas boiler 109 is used to drive a steam turbine as a combine cycle, to use it as process steam, and to inject it into the combustion device 105 to increase its output (Chain cycle). . The heat exchanger 102 is usually of a fin tube type. The fin tube type heat exchanger 102 uses a heat exchange tube provided with a large number of fins on the outer periphery thereof as a cooling water pipe 103, and cooling water flowing inside the heat exchange tube and intake air flowing outside the tube are connected to the tube wall and the fin. Heat exchange by heat conduction by

[0006]

However, the fin tube type heat exchanger has a problem in that the number of fins provided on the outer periphery of the heat exchange tube complicates the structure and increases the cost. Also, if the intake air cooling temperature is set lower or the difference between the intake air temperature and its dew point temperature is small (especially when the humidity is high such as in the morning and evening, when it is cloudy or rainy, etc.)
In such cases, there is a problem that a large amount of dew is formed on the outer peripheral portion and the fins of the heat exchange tube, which is carried along with the intake air and accumulates downstream. In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to provide a water recovery device on the downstream side, but the device becomes more complicated and the cost increases. Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the heat exchanger which solves such a problem.

[0007]

That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a water-diffusing or wetting or water-absorbing material comprising a fibrous or net-like sheet material arranged in the direction of gravity in an apparatus body. A water film forming sheet having a good surface, a cooling water supply unit for supplying cooling water to the upper surface of the water film forming sheet, and a cooling water collecting unit for collecting cooling water flowing down the surface of the water film forming sheet. Have. The intake air introduced into the apparatus main body is configured to directly exchange heat with the cooling water flowing down on the surface of the water film forming sheet in the form of a water film. It is a heat exchanger.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an embodiment of the heat exchanger for cooling the intake air of the gas turbine apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the cooling water supply section has a horizontally long tubular body and its longitudinal direction. Has a slit formed along, the upper part of the water film forming sheet is extended into the pipe through the slit,
Gap portions for cooling water to flow out are formed between the slit portion and both surfaces of the water film forming sheet. The invention according to claim 3 is a preferred embodiment of the heat exchanger for cooling the intake air of the gas turbine device according to claim 2, wherein the slit 20 of the gap 25 and the water film forming sheet 18 are connected to each other. In between, a plurality of gap holding pieces 24 are arranged apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the water film forming sheet 18.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided another embodiment of the heat exchanger for cooling the intake air of the gas turbine apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the cooling water supply unit is provided on an upper portion of the water film forming sheet. It has a pair of horizontally long pipes provided on both sides and a slit portion or a number of nozzle holes formed along the longitudinal direction thereof, and cooling water is supplied from each slit portion or the number of nozzle holes to both upper surfaces of the water film forming sheet. Is supplied to the apparatus. The invention according to claim 5 is another embodiment of the heat exchanger for cooling the intake air of the gas turbine device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchanger is provided below the water film forming sheet. The water film forming sheet is stretched in the direction of gravity by attaching a weight.

[0010]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for cooling the intake air of a gas turbine device using the heat exchanger of the present invention. The heat exchanger 1 supplies cooling water to an upper surface of a water film forming sheet (not shown) having a surface having good water diffusibility or wettability or water absorbability, which is disposed in the apparatus main body 2 in the direction of gravity. A water supply unit 3 and a cooling water recovery unit 4 that recovers cooling water flowing down the surface of the water film forming sheet are provided. In addition, since a large number of water film forming sheets are arranged in parallel, and cooling water is individually supplied to each water film forming sheet, the cooling water supply unit 3 is provided with a large number of pipes 6 branched from the supply pipe 5.
An intake port 7 for introducing the intake air 101 is provided in a lower portion of the apparatus main body 2, and an intake port 8 is provided in an upper portion thereof. A duct 9 is connected to the intake port 8. The end of the duct 9 is connected to an air compressor (not shown).

A cooling water discharge pipe 10 is connected to the cooling water recovery section 4, and a tip of the cooling water discharge pipe 10 is connected to an upper part of a water receiving tank 11. A connection pipe 12 is connected to a lower part of the water receiving tank 11,
The connecting pipe 12 is provided with a pump 13, and the tip thereof is connected to a shower nozzle 15 provided above the ice heat storage tank 14. The ice heat storage tank 14 uses, for example, midnight power to cool the internal cooling water to make ice and store it as ice 16. The supply pipe 5 is connected to the ice heat storage tank 14. The supply pipe 5 is provided with 17 pumps, and the tip thereof is connected to the branch pipe 6 described above.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the heat exchanger 1 in FIG. 1, showing a state in which a front wall portion is removed for easy understanding. As described above, the cooling water supply unit 3 includes a supply pipe 5 and a plurality of pipes 6 branching therefrom.
Each of the pipes 6 is arranged in the lateral direction, and a slit portion (not shown) is formed in a lower portion thereof along the longitudinal direction. Then, the upper portions of the plurality of water film forming sheets 18 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals in the direction of gravity are extended through the slits in the respective pipes 6.

As described above, the water film forming sheet 18 is formed of a fibrous or net-like sheet material having a surface having good water diffusibility, wettability or water absorption. Examples of the fibrous sheet material include woven fabrics such as linen and cotton fabrics, non-woven fabrics, felts, and the like, which have water absorbency or moisture absorbency and have good water wettability. In addition, since fine irregularities are formed on the surface, the flowing liquid can be uniformly diffused along the surface without liquid separation due to surface tension or the like. Therefore, even with a small amount of liquid, a uniform thin water film can be formed and a large heat exchange area can always be secured. Examples of the mesh sheet material include a relatively large denier thread such as a hemp thread or a cotton thread or a metal wire such as a stainless wire knitted in a mesh shape.
These net-like sheets are finely knitted at a fine pitch so that the liquid that flows down, forming fine irregularities, can spread uniformly along the surface without liquid separation due to surface tension etc. Are preferred.

FIG. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view specifically showing the relationship between the cooling water supply unit 3 and the water film forming sheet 18 shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the part B of FIG. It is. An elongated support member 19 composed of a pair of L-shaped angles is arranged along the longitudinal direction in the tube 6 constituting the cooling water supply unit 3. The vertical piece 19a of each support member 19 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes at predetermined intervals along its longitudinal direction, and the horizontal piece 19b is provided with a plurality of through holes 19c at predetermined intervals along its longitudinal direction. Can be The upper portion of the water film forming sheet 18 has a slit portion 20 provided along the longitudinal direction of the tube 6.
Through the tube 6. The extension portion is disposed between the vertical pieces 19a of the pair of support members 19, and the bolt 21 and the washer 22 inserted into each bolt hole of the vertical piece 19a.
And the nut 23 together with the pair of vertical pieces 19a.

A plurality of plate-like gap holding pieces 24 are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the slit portion 20 as shown in FIG.
A gap 25 for setting a predetermined flow path width is formed between both surfaces of the slit 8 and the inner edge of the slit 20. The cooling water flowing in the upper part of the pipe body 6 partitioned by the horizontal piece 19b of the support member 19 flows out to the lower part through the through hole 19c, and flows together with the cooling water flowing in the lower part through the flow path formed by the gap 25. It flows out from the lower part of the body 6. The outflowing cooling water forms a thin water film 26 along both surfaces of the water film forming sheet 18.
To flow down. The gap holding piece 24 can be fixed to the inner edge of the slit section 20 by bonding or the like. The lower part of the water film forming sheet 18 is extended into the cooling water collecting part 4, and the tip part is wound around and fixed to a weight body 27 formed of an elongated weight pipe. Therefore, the water film forming sheet 1
8 is always in tension with the pin in the direction of gravity due to the weight action of the weight 27. In order to prevent the water film forming sheet 18 from being largely shaken by the application of a lateral force such as wind to the water film forming sheet 18, a pair of vibration-preventing portions 2
9 are erected at predetermined intervals. 30 is a cooling water recovery unit 4
Is the cooling water recovered.

Next, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the heat exchanger 1 will be described.
A method of cooling the intake air of the gas turbine device using the method will be described. First, in FIG. 1, the cooling water in the ice heat storage tank 14 is cooled using, for example, midnight power, and a predetermined amount of ice 16 is made and stored. Next, by operating the pump 17, the pump 13, and the like, the cooling water is supplied from the ice heat storage tank 14 to the heat exchanger 1.
Circulate in the path of the water receiving tank 11 and the ice heat storage tank 14. At that time, the cooling water is heated by exchanging heat with the intake air in the heat exchanger 1,
After sedimentation of dust and the like mixed in from the outside in the water receiving tank 11, the supernatant is pumped by the pump 13 into the ice heat storage tank 14.
The ice 16 flows out of the shower nozzle 15 and is cooled again while the ice 16 is being thawed. By circulating the cooling water in this manner, the ice 16 in the ice heat storage tank 14 is gradually thawed and reduced. At night, the temperature of the intake air sucked from the outside is low, and the amount of cooling water circulated can be reduced or stopped. For example, from 8:00 in the morning to 20 in the night
A cycle operation is performed in which the time is a deicing time zone and the time from 22:00 to 8:00 in the morning is an ice making time zone.

Next, referring to FIG.
Is a water film forming sheet 1 which is sucked through an intake port 7 at a lower portion of the apparatus main body 2 and is arranged in a large number in parallel with the direction of gravity.
8, and is discharged from the upper intake outlet 8 through the duct 9 and introduced into an air compressor (not shown). Next, in FIG. 3, the cooling water flowing out of the slit portion 25 of the tube 6 constituting the cooling water supply unit 3 flows down the surface (both surfaces) of the water film forming sheet 18 into a thin water film.
The heat is exchanged in direct contact with the rising intake air 101 in a countercurrent manner, and is recovered by the lower cooling water recovery unit 4.

The temperature in the boundary layer between the intake air 101 and the cooling water, which is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water, is lower than the dew point, whereby fine droplets (mist) are generated. However, most of the mist is taken into the water film of the cooling water, flows down together, and is collected by the cooling water recovery unit 4, and condensed water is removed from the intake air as in the case of the fin tube type heat exchanger. The problem of accumulating on the downstream side is not caused. A part of the mist is entrained in the intake air and is introduced into the combustion device through the air compressor. The mist is heated and expanded there, and has an effect of increasing the output of the turbine.

FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 3, and the same parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this example, the upper part of the water film forming sheet 18 is supported by an elongated supporting member 19 composed of a pair of L-shaped angles. That is, a plurality of bolt holes are provided in the vertical piece 19a of each support member 19 at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction, the upper portion of the water film forming sheet 18 is arranged between the vertical pieces 19a, and each of the vertical pieces 19a It is fixed together with the vertical piece 19a by the bolt 21, the washer 22 and the nut 23 inserted into the bolt holes. Note that the support member 19 is attached to an apparatus body (not shown).

The cooling water supply unit 3 includes a pair of horizontally long pipes 6 provided on both upper sides of the water film forming sheet 18 and an elongated slit formed along the longitudinal direction thereof and opposed to the water film forming sheet 18. The cooling water is supplied from the slits 20 to both upper surfaces of the water film forming sheet 18. Note that a large number of nozzle holes may be provided instead of the slit portions 20. And the slit part 25 of the tube body 6
The cooling water flowing out of the water film 101 rises while flowing down the surface (both surfaces) of the water film forming sheet 18 into a thin water film.
Heat is exchanged by direct contact in countercurrent with the cooling water, and the heat is recovered by a cooling water recovery unit 4 (not shown). In addition, since the material of the apparatus main body and the cooling water supply unit 3 that constitute the heat exchanger 1 is not particularly limited to pressure, temperature conditions, heat transfer coefficient, and the like, inexpensive materials such as hard vinyl chloride and Thin steel plates, steel pipes, etc. can be used.

[0021]

As described above, according to the heat exchanger for cooling the intake air of the gas turbine apparatus of the present invention, the fin tube having a complicated structure is not used unlike the conventional one, so that the structure is simplified and the cost is reduced. it can. Moreover, the cooling water flows down uniformly on the surface of the water film forming sheet having a surface with good water diffusibility or wettability or water absorbability arranged in the direction of gravity in a thin water film shape without branching. Since it is in direct contact with the intake air, the intake air can be cooled with high heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, a large amount of intake air can be cooled with a small amount of cooling water.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for cooling the intake air of a gas turbine device using the heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the heat exchanger 1 in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a cooling water supply unit 3 and a water film forming sheet 1 shown in FIG.
8 is a longitudinal sectional view specifically showing an example of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a process flow chart for explaining a gas turbine device adopting a conventionally adopted intake air cooling system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat exchanger 2 Device main body 3 Cooling water supply part 4 Cooling water recovery part 5 Supply pipe 6 Pipe 7 Intake inlet part 8 Intake outlet part 9 Duct 10 Cooling water discharge pipe 11 Water receiving tank 12 Connecting pipe 13 Pump 14 Ice heat storage tank Reference Signs List 15 shower nozzle 16 ice 17 pump 18 water film forming sheet 19 support member 19a vertical piece 19b horizontal piece 19c through hole 20 slit part 21 bolt 22 washer 23 nut 24 gap holding piece 25 gap part 26 water film 27 weight body 28 bottom 29 vibration Stop part 30 Cooling water 101 Intake air 102 Heat exchanger 103 Cooling water pipe 104 Air compressor 105 Combustion device 106 Pipe 107 Gas turbine 108 Generator 109 Exhaust gas boiler 110 Heating pipe 111 Chimney

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchanger for cooling an air intake of a gas turbine device by exchanging heat with cooling water, comprising: a water-diffusible or wet material comprising a fibrous or net-like sheet material disposed in a device body 2 in the direction of gravity. Film forming sheet 18 having a surface having good water absorption or water absorption, cooling water supply unit 3 for supplying cooling water to the upper surface of water film forming sheet 18, cooling water flowing down the surface of water film forming sheet 18 And a cooling water recovery unit 4 for recovering the water, wherein the air intake 101 introduced into the apparatus main body 2 is directly in contact with the cooling water flowing down on the surface of the water film forming sheet 18 in the form of a water film to exchange heat. A heat exchanger for cooling intake air of a gas turbine device, characterized in that: 2. A cooling water supply section 3 has a pipe 6 arranged in a horizontal direction and a slit section 20 formed along the longitudinal direction thereof. 2. A gas turbine apparatus according to claim 1, wherein gaps are formed between the slit and the water film forming sheet. For heat exchanger. 3. A plurality of gap holding pieces 24 are arranged between the slit section 20 of the gap section 25 and the water film forming sheet 18 along the longitudinal direction of the water film forming sheet 18. 3. The heat exchanger for cooling an intake air of a gas turbine device described in 2. 4. The cooling water supply unit 3 has a pair of horizontally long pipes 6 provided on both upper sides of a water film forming sheet 18 and slits 20 or a number of nozzle holes formed along the longitudinal direction thereof. The heat exchanger for cooling an intake gas of a gas turbine device according to claim 1, wherein cooling water is supplied to both upper surfaces of the water film forming sheet (18) from each slit portion (20) or a number of nozzle holes. 5. The gas according to claim 1, wherein a weight 27 is attached to a lower portion of the water film forming sheet 18 so as to stretch the water film forming sheet 18 in the direction of gravity. Heat exchanger for cooling the intake of turbine equipment.