JP2000214852A - Waveform reproducing apparatus and waveform storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waveform reproducing device, capable reproducing a variant waveform with a small memory capacity and a waveform memory medium for memorizing data used in the waveform reproducing apparatus. SOLUTION: While reproducing a phrase waveform based on waveform data stored in a RAM 13, an audio phrase sound source circuit 14 controls the phrase waveform based on reproduction control data memorized in the RAM 13, and thus a variant waveform corresponding to the phrase waveform is reproduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waveform reproducing apparatus for reproducing a waveform and a waveform storage medium storing data used for the waveform reproducing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waveforms of short phrases (phrases) for one measure or several measures composed of a plurality of strings of sounds constituting a rhythm or a melody are sampled, and waveform data obtained by the sampling is sampled. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a waveform reproducing apparatus which stores waveform data representing a phrase in a waveform memory and reads and reproduces the waveform data from the waveform memory. In such a waveform reproducing apparatus, a plurality of variation waveforms in which a reproduction time and a reproduction pitch are changed for a certain phrase waveform are prepared, and a desired variation waveform is selected from the plurality of variation waveforms and reproduced. That is often done.

[0003]

However, the above-described conventional waveform reproducing apparatus performs a performance for each variation in advance, collects the sound with a microphone, and stores the waveform data obtained thereby in a memory. Because
There is a problem that the memory capacity increases. In addition, there is a problem that it is extremely troublesome to perform each performance for each variation in order to obtain waveform data.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a waveform reproducing apparatus capable of reproducing a variation waveform with a small memory capacity and a waveform storage medium storing data used in the waveform reproducing apparatus. And

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a waveform reproducing apparatus comprising: (1) waveform data representing a series of waveforms of a phrase composed of a plurality of sound strings, and waveform represented by the waveform data; Storage means for storing reproduction time and / or reproduction control data which is data for controlling a reproduction pitch when each is divided into a plurality of time areas. (2) Waveform data stored in the storage means And reproduction means for reproducing a series of waveforms whose reproduction time and / or reproduction pitch are controlled for each of the regions, based on the reproduction control data stored in the storage means. And

A waveform reproducing apparatus of the present invention stores waveform data representing a waveform and reproduction control data, and controls a waveform represented by the stored waveform data based on the reproduction control data, thereby obtaining the waveform. Can be reproduced. Therefore, the memory capacity can be reduced as compared with the conventional technique of storing waveform data in a memory in advance for each variation. More specifically, the waveform data represents a series of waveforms of a phrase composed of a plurality of strings of sounds that make up a rhythm or a melody. When a series of waveforms is reproduced based on the waveform data, playback control data When a waveform whose reproduction time is controlled for each area is reproduced based on data for controlling the reproduction time, a tune having a new rhythm is obtained. When a waveform whose playback pitch is controlled for each area is played back as playback control data based on data for controlling the playback pitch, a tune having a new melody is obtained. Furthermore, when a waveform whose playback time and playback pitch are controlled for each area is played back based on data that controls both the playback time and playback pitch as playback control data, a song that sounds completely different from the original waveform may be produced. can get. Each of these songs requires only waveform data representing a waveform of a certain phrase and its reproduction control data, so that the memory capacity can be reduced.

The storage means stores a plurality of types of reproduction control data corresponding to one waveform data, and selects reproduction control data used for waveform reproduction from the plurality of types of reproduction control data. Selecting means for performing the reproduction, wherein the reproducing means reproduces a waveform controlled based on the reproduction control data selected by the selecting means.

In this way, it is possible to reproduce a plurality of types of variation waveforms for one waveform while keeping the memory capacity small.

Further, the waveform storage medium of the present invention provides a waveform data representing a series of waveforms of a phrase composed of a plurality of sound strings, and a plurality of time domains when the waveform represented by the waveform data is divided into a plurality of time domains. And reproduction control data which is data for controlling a reproduction pitch and / or a reproduction pitch.

[0010] The waveform storage medium of the present invention stores the above-mentioned waveform data and reproduction control data. For example, a floppy disk or a CD-ROM is used. By downloading the waveform data and the reproduction control data stored in the floppy disk or CD-ROM to the waveform reproduction apparatus of the present invention, the waveform data is reproduced based on the downloaded waveform data and based on the reproduction control data. When the waveform represented by is divided into a plurality of time regions, a variation waveform whose reproduction time and reproduction pitch are controlled for each region can be reproduced. Therefore, even when the waveform reproducing apparatus of the present invention reproduces many types of variation waveforms for each of a large number of waveforms, the memory capacity of the waveform reproducing apparatus can be reduced.

Further, a plurality of types of reproduction control data may be stored in correspondence with waveform data representing one waveform.

As described above, a plurality of types of reproduction control data may be stored in the waveform storage medium and downloaded to the waveform reproducing apparatus of the present invention to reproduce a plurality of types of variation waveforms for one waveform.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a waveform reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

The waveform reproducing apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
U11, ROM 12, RAM 13, audio
A phrase sound source circuit 14, a MIDII / F circuit 15,
An LCD I / F circuit 16, an operator control circuit 17, a hard disk control circuit 18, a floppy disk control circuit 25, and a CD-ROM control circuit 26 are provided. These CPU 11, ROM 12, RAM 13, audio / phrase tone generator 14, MID II / F circuit 1
5, LCD I / F circuit 16, operator control circuit 17, hard disk control circuit 18, floppy disk control circuit 25, and CD-ROM control circuit 26 are mutually connected by bus 19. A D / A conversion circuit 20 is connected to the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14.
An amplifier circuit 21 is connected to the D / A converter 20. The LCD I / F circuit 16 further includes an LCD panel 2
2 is connected to the operator control circuit 17 and the operator group 2
3, and a hard disk 24 is connected to the hard disk control circuit 18.

The CPU 11 controls the entire waveform reproducing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 by reading and executing a program stored in the ROM 12.

The ROM 12 stores a program for controlling the entire waveform reproducing apparatus 100.

The RAM 13 stores waveform data representing a phrase waveform and reproduction control data for controlling reproduction of the phrase waveform represented by the waveform data. Here, a phrase forms a rhythm or a melody by a plurality of sound strings, and a rhythm or a melody of one measure or several measures is usually treated as one phrase. In the present embodiment, a plurality of types of reproduction control data are stored in correspondence with waveform data representing one phrase waveform. More specifically, data for controlling a reproduction time and a reproduction pitch for each area when a phrase waveform represented by the waveform data is divided into a plurality of time areas is stored as reproduction control data in correspondence with the waveform data. Here, the data for controlling the reproduction time is specified by the value of Control change information of the MIDI information described later, and the data for controlling the reproduction pitch is specified by the value of the Pitch Bend information of the MIDI information.

The audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 corresponds to the reproducing means according to the present invention, and reproduces the reproduction time for each of the above-mentioned regions based on the reproduction control data for controlling the reproduction time and the reproduction pitch stored in the RAM 13. And outputs digital waveform data whose reproduction pitch is controlled. The output digital waveform data is D / A converted by a D / A conversion circuit 20 and converted into analog waveform data, further amplified by an amplifier circuit 21, and emitted into the air by a speaker (not shown). The details of the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 will be described later.

The MID II / F circuit 15 receives MIDI information from an external MIDI device (not shown). MIDI
The information includes note-on information and note-off information for instructing the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 to start and end sounding, and the above-mentioned Control Ch.
angel information and Pitch Bend information.
Specifically, the data for controlling the reproduction time is Contro
l Change # 80. This Co
The control change # 80 has a value of 1 to 127, and the values 1 to 127 correspond to a reproduction time rate of 0.0 to 2.0 during waveform reproduction. For example, Control
When the median value 64 is received as the change # 80, the reproduction time rate becomes 1.0. Therefore, the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14, which will be described in detail later, uses the same reproduction time as the reproduction time of the original phrase waveform. A variation waveform for the waveform is reproduced.

On the other hand, the data for controlling the reproduction pitch is Pi
Specified by tch Bend information. This Pit
The ch Bend information has a predetermined variable width, and the variable width corresponds to a reproduction pitch rate of 0.5 to 2.0 during waveform reproduction. For example, when the central value is received as the PitchBend information, the reproduction pitch rate becomes 1.0,
Therefore, a variation waveform corresponding to the original phrase waveform is reproduced at the same reproduction pitch as that of the original phrase waveform.

LCD I / F circuit 16 and LCD panel 2
2, the operator control circuit 17 and the operator group 23 serve as an interface between the waveform reproducing apparatus 100 and the user.

The hard disk control circuit 18 transfers data stored in the hard disk 24 to the RAM 13 via the bus 19 and the CPU 11 by controlling the hard disk 24.

A floppy disk control circuit 25 controls a floppy disk 200 inserted from outside the waveform reproducing apparatus 100. CD-ROM control circuit 2
6 is a C inserted from outside the waveform reproducing apparatus 100.
The D-ROM 300 is controlled. Floppy disk 20
0 and the CD-ROM 300 correspond to the waveform storage medium according to the present invention.
-ROM 300 stores the above-described waveform data and reproduction control data, respectively. In the present embodiment, both the waveform data and the reproduction control data stored in the floppy disk 200 are stored in the floppy disk control circuit 25, or both the waveform data and the reproduction control data stored in the CD-ROM 300 are stored in the CD-ROM 300.
The ROM control circuit 26 temporarily stores the data in the hard disk 24 via the bus 19 and the hard disk control circuit 18 and then transfers the data to the RAM 13.

Next, the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14
Will be described in detail. As described above, the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 performs reproduction control data (data for controlling the reproduction time and data for controlling the reproduction pitch).
The waveform is reproduced based on
13 is to change the reproduction time (reproduction time) and the reproduction pitch of the reproduced phrase waveform based on the reproduction control data while reproducing the phrase waveform by reading out the waveform data of the phrase waveform stored in 13. Thus, a variation waveform corresponding to the phrase waveform is reproduced. For example, when it is desired to change only the reproduction time, the read speed is changed based on the data for controlling the specified reproduction time, and a pitch shift process for correcting the pitch changed by the change of the read speed is performed. To change both the playback time and the playback pitch, first change the read speed based on the data that controls the specified play time, and then use the pitch shift to correct the pitch changed by the change in the read speed. Pitch shift processing is performed such that the amount is multiplied by the data (reproduction pitch shift amount) for controlling the specified reproduction pitch. If the playback time is to be doubled, the playback time rate is specified to be 2.0 based on the data for controlling the playback time, and if the playback pitch is to be changed to half (down the octave), the playback pitch is changed. The reproduction pitch rate is designated to 0.5 based on the data to be controlled. As described above, when changing both the playback time and the playback pitch in the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14, the following formula is used to multiply the amount of pitch shift for correction by the designated amount of playback pitch shift. The final pitch shift amount is obtained by the calculation shown in FIG.

Final pitch shift amount = specified reproduction time rate × specified reproduction pitch rate FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phrase waveform reproduced by the audio phrase sound source circuit shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram of a several variation waveform with respect to a phrase waveform.
In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the reproduction time, and the vertical axis represents the reproduction pitch.

FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an original phrase waveform represented by the waveform data stored in the RAM 13. This phrase waveform is divided into four time regions t11, t12, t13, and t14, and these four time regions t11, t12, and t1 are divided.
3 and t14 have the same playback time,
On the other hand, the playback pitch in the time regions t12 and t14 is
It is higher than the reproduction pitch in the time regions t11 and t13.

FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a variation waveform obtained by changing the reproduction pitch during the reproduction of the phrase waveform. As compared with the original phrase waveform of FIG. 2A, the reproduction pitch in the time regions t12 and t14 is lower and the reproduction pitch in the time region t13 is higher. Thus, a new melody can be obtained by changing the reproduction pitch in the middle.

FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a variation waveform in which the playback time is changed during the playback of the phrase waveform. Compared to the original phrase waveform of FIG. 2A, the playback time in the time regions t21 and t23 is longer, and the playback time in the time regions t22 and t24 is shorter. In this way, a new rhythm can be obtained by changing the reproduction time on the way.

FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of a variation waveform in which both the playback pitch and the playback time are changed during the playback of the phrase waveform. FIG.
Compared to the original phrase waveform in (a), the time domain t
The playback time in time region t22 is long, the playback time in time region t22 is short and the playback pitch is high, the playback time in time region t23 is long and the playback pitch is low, and the playback time in time region t24 is short and the playback pitch is low. . Although the variation waveform reproduced in this way sounds completely different from the original phrase waveform, only the waveform data representing one phrase and the reproduction control data are required.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a data file in the RAM shown in FIG.

The structure of the data file on the floppy disk 200 and the CD-ROM 300 is the same as the structure of the data file shown in FIG.

The data file shown in FIG. 3 is provided in correspondence with a certain phrase number (for example, Solo Vocal 1). This data file has a file size portion indicating the size of the memory capacity of the entire data file. , A plurality of chunks (five chunks in FIG. 3). Each chunk is composed of a size section indicating the size of the memory capacity of the chunk, an ID section for identifying the chunk, and a data section described below.

The data portion of chunk 1 stores the total number of variation waveforms with respect to the phrase waveform. The data section of chunk 2 contains performance information (Control Change) for reproducing variation waveform 1.
e information, Pitch Bend information).

The data section of chunk 3 contains performance information (Control) for reproducing variation waveform 2.
Change information and Pitch Bend information) are stored.

The data portion of the chunk 4 stores information necessary for reproducing the waveform data, such as the sampling frequency and the number of sampling bits of the waveform data representing the phrase waveform.

The data portion of the chunk 5 includes a waveform data body representing a phrase waveform (this waveform data body is PCM data obtained by playing a phrase, and is usually sampled in a format such as 16 bits / 44.1 KHz). ) Is stored.

In the present embodiment, the Control Ch created in real time or non-real time in advance is used.
The description will be made assuming that the angle information and the Pitch Bend information are stored in advance in the data portions of the chunks 2 and 3 in the RAM 13. In addition, these Control
Creation of Change information and Pitch Bend information is omitted in the present embodiment.

In this embodiment, a part of the function of the CPU 11 is a sequencer (corresponding to the selecting means in the present invention).
This sequencer has the RA
Chunk 2 and 3 data (Cont) stored in M13
The data for reproducing the variation waveform (here, either the variation waveform 1 or the variation waveform 2) instructed to be reproduced is selected from among the change change information and the pitch bend information), and based on the selected data. To generate a playback time rate and a playback pitch rate and send them to the audio phrase tone generator circuit 14. Detailed operations of the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 and the sequencer will be described later.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a part of the LCD panel and the operation group shown in FIG.

On the screen of the LCD panel 22 shown in FIG. 4, the number 001 (phr: 00) of the phrase currently being reproduced is displayed.
1) and the name “Solo V” corresponding to the number 001
ocal 1 "is displayed. Further, a variation number 002 (var: 002) and a name “minor-2” corresponding to the number 002 are displayed.

Here, one of the cursor keys 23a, 23b, 23c, and 23d constituting the operator group 23 is operated to move a cursor (not shown) to the position of the phrase number 001, and change the value with the dial 23e. By doing
It can be changed to a desired phrase number. By moving the cursor to the position of the variation number 002 and changing the value with the dial 23e, a desired variation number can be selected without changing the phrase number.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a main routine of the waveform reproducing apparatus shown in FIG.

When the power is turned on to the waveform reproducing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, this main routine is executed. First,
In step S11, it is determined whether or not an operation element (the above-described cursor key and dial shown in FIG. 4) has been operated. If it is determined that the operator has been operated, the process proceeds to step S12. This step S12 is a processing routine for the operation of the operator shown in FIG. 6, which will be described later, and proceeds to step S13 after the processing by this routine. On the other hand, if it is determined in step 11 that the operator has not been operated, the process proceeds to step S13.

In step S13, it is determined whether or not MIDI information (here, either note-on information or note-off information) has been input from an external MIDI device via the MID II / F circuit 15. If it is determined that the MIDI information has been input, the process proceeds to step S14.
This step S14 is a processing routine for the MIDI information shown in FIG. 7, which will be described later, and returns to step S11 after processing by this routine. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S13 that the MIDI information has not been input, the process returns to step S11.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a processing routine for the operation of the operator shown in one step in FIG.

First, in step S21, it is determined whether the dial is operated with the cursor at the position of the phrase number or whether the dial is operated with the cursor at the position of the variation number. If it is determined that the dial is operated while the cursor is at the position of the phrase number, the process proceeds to step S22. In step S22, the phrase number is changed according to the amount by which the dial is turned. Here, if the phrase number to be changed is currently within the range of the number of phrases in the RAM 13, the phrase number is changed, and the process proceeds to step S23 where the phrase number is changed for the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14. Then, a phrase switching process for instructing switching to the phrase corresponding to the phrase number is performed, and this routine ends. On the other hand, in step S22, the phrase number to be changed
If the phrase number is out of the range of the number of phrases in M13, the process proceeds to step S24, the phrase number is rounded into the range (the original phrase number is kept), and this routine is performed via step S23 (without doing anything). To end.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S21 that the dial has been operated while the cursor is at the position of the variation number, the flow advances to step S25. In step S25, the variation number is changed according to the amount of turning the dial. Here, if the variation number to be changed is currently within the range of the number of variations on the RAM 13, the variation number is changed, and the process proceeds to step S26, where the sequencer corresponds to the changed variation number. A variation switching process for giving an instruction to switch to variation data is performed, and this routine ends. On the other hand, in step S25, if the variation number to be changed is currently out of the range of the number of variations on the RAM, the process proceeds to step S27, and the variation number is rounded into the range (the original variation number remains unchanged). Yes), and this routine is terminated via step S26 (without doing anything).

FIG. 7 shows the MI shown in one step in FIG.
9 is a flowchart of a processing routine for DI information.

First, in step S31, it is determined whether the input MIDI information is note-on information or note-off information. If it is determined that the information is note-on information, the process proceeds to step S32. In step S32, receiving the note-on information, it instructs the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 to start sounding. As a result, the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 starts reproducing the phrase waveform corresponding to the designated phrase number.

Then, the process proceeds to a step S33, wherein a start instruction is issued to the sequencer. When the sequencer receives the start instruction, the sequencer transfers the sequence data of the designated variation number to the area for reproduction sequence data in the RAM 13 and starts the operation of the sequencer. Here, the sequence data transferred to and stored in the sequence data area of the RAM 13 is as follows:
The format is as follows:

For time rate: ΔT + reproduction time rate (value of Control Change # 80) For pitch rate: ΔT + reproduction pitch rate (P
Here, ΔT is the value of the next event (Control Ch).
angle # 80, an event based on Pitch Bend information), and this data is prepared for each variation waveform. A plurality of event records of such a format are stored in chronological order. The sequencer reads such an event record and sends a playback time rate or a playback pitch rate to the audio phrase tone generator 14 to control the audio phrase tone generator 14 which is already playing the phrase waveform. .

Returning to FIG. 7, the description will be continued. If it is determined in step S31 that the input MIDI information is note-off information, the process proceeds to step S34. In step S34, receiving the note-off information, it instructs the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14 to stop sounding. Further, in step S35, a stop instruction is issued to the sequencer, and this routine ends.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a routine showing the operation of the sequencer.

First, in step S41, the first event record is read. Next, in step S42, it is determined whether the type of event is a playback time or a playback pitch. If it is determined that the playback time is reached, the process proceeds to step S43, where the playback time rate is transmitted to the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14, and the process proceeds to step S43.
Proceed to 45. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S42 that the event type is the playback pitch, the process proceeds to step S42.
The program proceeds to S44, where the reproduction pitch rate is transmitted to the audio / phrase sound source circuit 14, and the process proceeds to S45.

In step S45, ΔT is set in the timer, and the flow advances to step S46. Step S46
Then, it is determined whether or not the reproduction of the waveform is completed. If it is determined that the reproduction of the waveform has been completed, this routine ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that the reproduction of the waveform has not been completed, the process proceeds to step S47. In step S47, it is determined whether the value of the timer is 0. If it is determined that the value of the timer is not 0, the process returns to step S46, and steps S46 and S47 are repeatedly executed until the time is up. On the other hand, if it is determined that the value of the timer is 0, this event has ended, and the process proceeds to step S4.
Proceed to 8. In step S48, the next event is read out, and the process returns to step S42. Thus, a series of operations by the sequencer are performed.

In the present embodiment, the reproduction control data has been described as data for controlling the reproduction time or data for controlling the reproduction pitch. However, the reproduction control data in the present invention is not limited to such data. Instead, data such as effector parameters and filter cutoff frequency may be used.

[0058]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Variation waveforms can be reproduced with a small memory capacity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a waveform reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phrase waveform reproduced by the audio / phrase sound source circuit shown in FIG. 1, and a schematic diagram of a plurality of variation waveforms for the phrase waveform.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a data file in a RAM shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a part of a LCD panel and a group of controls shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a main routine of the waveform reproducing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a processing routine for an operator operation shown in one step in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a processing routine for MIDI information shown in one step in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a routine showing an operation of the sequencer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 CPU 12 ROM 13 RAM 14 Audio / Phrase Sound Source Circuit 15 MIDII / F Circuit 16 LCD I / F Circuit 17 Operator Control Circuit 18 Hard Disk Control Circuit 19 Bus 20 D / A Conversion Circuit 21 Amplification Circuit 22 LCD Panel 23 Operator Group 23a , 23b, 23c, 24d Cursor keys 23e Dial 24 Hard disk 25 Floppy disk control circuit 26 CD-ROM control circuit 100 Waveform reproducing device 200 Floppy disk 300 CD-ROM

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waveform data representing a series of waveforms of a phrase composed of a plurality of sound strings, and a reproduction time for each region when a waveform represented by the waveform data is divided into a plurality of time regions, and / or A storage unit for storing reproduction control data that is data for controlling a reproduction pitch; a reproduction time based on the reproduction control data stored in the storage unit, based on the waveform data stored in the storage unit; and And / or a reproduction device for reproducing a series of waveforms whose reproduction pitch is controlled for each of the regions. 2. A waveform data representing a series of waveforms of a phrase composed of a plurality of sound strings, a reproduction time for each area when the waveform represented by the waveform data is divided into a plurality of time areas, and / or And a reproduction control data which is data for controlling a reproduction pitch.