JP2000079096A - Optometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure a subjective refraction correctly in a short time by a target mechanism of a simple constitution. SOLUTION: A target irradiation light source 23R is lighted, a distant view target is set to a subject eye ER, and an irradiating light source for the other eye EL is lighted. An objective refraction measuring mechanism 7 is laterally moved, a pupillary distance is operated, and for a target mechanism 6R for the right eye, after adjustment of an interval of a target mechanism for the left eye, a measuring part 2 is positioned to the subject eye ER to measure objective refraction. Next, a uni-dimensional target of the target mechanism 6R for a subjective refraction is indicated to the subject eye ER, a target of the target mechanism for the left eye is indicated to the other eye EL, and a target means 14R is set in a position of a spherical degree to measure the objective refraction. A line pattern direction of a unidimensional target is set perpendicularly to a weak main diameter line, instructions are given to a subject to respond to the number where the line pattern is visible, the target means 14R is moved little by little to get farther till the line pattern becomes invisible, and a diopter of the target is taken as a subjective spherical degree because a resolution of the subject eye ER to the unidimensional line, pattern is decided by eye refraction force in the vertical meridian direction perpendicular to it.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus such as an auto-refractometer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an auto-refractometer capable of measuring objective and subjective refraction, astigmatism is measured in a two-dimensional pattern, and a special optical member such as a cylindrical lens is used in a target system. . In addition, an optometry apparatus that presents refraction by presenting a target to both eyes is provided with a detection unit that detects the amount of lateral movement of the optical system, and measures the difference in the lateral position of the optical system when measuring refraction of the left and right eyes to measure the pupil. Seeking distance between them.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional auto-refractometer, the structure of the visual target and the like becomes complicated because a special optical member is used.
Since the target is a two-dimensional pattern, there is a problem that it is difficult to measure astigmatism accurately. In addition, in a refraction measuring apparatus that presents an optotype to both eyes, it takes time to measure the interpupillary distance, so that it is difficult to perform measurement with an optotype system in which the interpupillary distance is set accurately. is there.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometric apparatus that accurately and accurately measures subjective refraction in a short time with a simple target system.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an optometric apparatus for performing objective refraction measurement with a target system set at an accurate interpupillary distance in a short time.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there is provided an optometry apparatus for objectively measuring an eye refraction, comprising: an objective refraction measuring system for objectively measuring an eye refraction; A target system for presenting a pattern target, wherein the subjective system is controlled by controlling the target system based on a measurement value obtained by the objective refraction measurement system.

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention is an optometry apparatus provided with an eye refraction measuring unit and an anterior segment imaging unit.
The position of the image of the subject's eye within the screen is calculated based on the signal of the anterior segment imaging means, and the distance between the pupils of the subject is obtained.

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention is an optometry apparatus which performs eye refraction measurement by presenting optotypes to the left and right eyes when the distance between the pupils of the subject is adjusted. It is characterized in that an optotype is presented only to the optometry.

In the optometry apparatus according to the present invention, the pupil distance is not adjusted in the optometry apparatus which presents an optotype to each of the left and right eyes at the time of adjusting the distance between the pupils of the subject and performs eye refraction measurement. Is displayed.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 is a side view of an optometry apparatus capable of measuring objective and subjective refraction, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view. A measuring unit 2 is mounted on the base 1 so as to be movable three-dimensionally, and a face fixing means such as a forehead rest (not shown) is integrally provided. An optotype operating means 3 having a dial 3 a is connected to the base 1, and an operation screen 4 and an operating means 5 are attached to the examiner side of the measuring section 2. Then, the optotype operating means 3 changes the diopter and the optotype angle of the optotype by rotating the dial 3a by the subject or the examiner.

The measurement unit 2 includes left and right optotype mechanisms 6L, 6L.
R, objective refraction measurement mechanism 7
L and 6R are connected to a step motor 8 for adjusting the horizontal distance, and the objective refraction measuring mechanism 7 is connected to a step motor (not shown) for switching between the left and right eyes. In addition, light splitting members 9L and 9R that reflect visible light and transmit infrared light are arranged at positions facing the eyes EL and ER of the measurement unit 2;
The light dividing members 9R and 9L divide the distant view optical path and the objective measurement optical path, and the objective refraction measuring mechanism 7 is disposed on the optical path O1 in the transmission direction of the light dividing members 9L and 9R, and is viewed on the optical path O2 in the reflection direction. Mark mechanisms 6L and 6R are arranged.

On the optical path O1 of the objective refraction measuring mechanism 7, optical members such as a dichroic mirror 10 and a lens 11 and a video camera 12 as an image pickup means are arranged, and the optical paths O2L and O2L of the target mechanisms 6L and 6R are arranged. Lens 1 on O2R
3L, 13R, and optotype means 14L, 14R are arranged. The optotype means 14R is driven in the direction of the optical path O2R to change the optotype diopter. The focal length of the lens 13R is about 50 mm, and the right eye The anterior segment of a certain eye ER is located at its anterior focal point.

FIG. 3 shows a mechanism diagram of the optotype means 14R. Four types of optotypes 16R, 17R and 18 are provided on a disk 15R.
R and 19R are provided, and the disc 15R is connected to the step motor 20R, and selects a target to be presented by rotating the disc 15R. The targets 16R and 17R are for subjective refraction, and are engaged with the step motor 22R via the belt 21R.
The targets 16R, 17R themselves are rotatable. The optotype 18R is for oblique measurement, and the optotype 19R is a distant view optotype for other refraction measurement. Each of the targets 16R to 19R has a viewing angle of the eye ER of about 10 to 15 degrees, and the optical path O2
An optotype illumination light source 23R is provided to illuminate an upper distant view. Note that the target means 14L has the same configuration.

The examiner operates by looking at the operation screen 4 shown in FIG. The horizontal distance between the left and right target mechanisms 6L and 6R is adjusted by the step motor 8 in accordance with the pupil distance of the subject, and the objective refraction measuring mechanism 7 is driven in the lateral direction, and the left and right eyes to be examined are adjusted in accordance with the distance between the pupils. Switch between ER and EL. In the objective refraction measuring mechanism 7, the anterior eye part is imaged by the video camera 12, and the image is displayed on the operation screen 4,
The examiner looks at the image and adjusts the position of the measuring section 2 to the eye ER by the operation means 5.

First, when a light source switch is turned on to perform objective refraction measurement, the anterior segment illumination light source and the eye-to-be-tested eye target illumination light source 23R are turned on, and the distant view target 19R is set. The calculation means sequentially takes in the video signal of the imaging means 12 and searches for the eye ER to be inspected by the anterior segment illumination light source. The examiner operates the operation unit 5 to position the anterior eye image so that the image is displayed on the screen 4. When the eye ER to be inspected is recognized, “PD?” Is displayed on the screen 4. The examiner confirms that the subject's face is fixed, and presses the interpupillary distance setting button. Light source 23L for optotype illumination of optotype mechanism 6L of other eye EL
Is also turned on, and the calculating means calculates the position of the eye ER in the screen at that time based on the corneal reflection image T.

Further, the objective refraction measuring mechanism 7 moves in the lateral direction as shown by the arrow, that is, in the interpupillary distance direction, and searches for the other eye EL. Other eye
When the EL enters the field of view of the imaging means 12, its horizontal position is calculated, the interpupillary distance is calculated from the distance moved and the position in the screen, and the measured numerical value is displayed instead of "?" Then, the distance between the optotype mechanisms 6R and 6L is adjusted and driven to match the distance. Then, the objective refraction measurement mechanism 7 is driven to a position where the optical path O1 of the objective refraction measurement mechanism 7 matches the optical path in front of the eye of the optotype mechanism 6R. As described above, since the distance between the pupils is measured without aligning the subject's eye ER with the specific position in the field of view of the imaging means 12, the target mechanisms 6R and 6L of both eyes are promptly obtained.
Can be combined. Note that the position of the eye may be detected using the pupil image P instead of the corneal reflection image T.

When the measurement is completed and the measured values are printed,
The optotype illumination light source 23L of the other eye EL is turned off, and the examiner is notified that the interpupillary distance is not set in place of the PD value "?". It is possible to prevent measurement by the combined target mechanism 6R, 6L. "PD?" Is also displayed when the measurement is completed and the apparatus enters the sleep state. In addition, even when the interpupillary distance is not set, the measurement can be performed in the same manner as the device of the monocular target mechanism, so that the measurement can be performed with the monocular target at the time of oblique eye measurement or when it is desired to perform measurement quickly.

When the setting of the optotype mechanisms 6R and 6L is completed, the measuring unit 2 is adjusted to the position of the eye ER to perform objective refraction measurement. When the objective refraction measurement is completed, the operation screen 4
The numerical values of the spherical power S, the astigmatic power C, and the astigmatic angle A of the objective value Obj are displayed.

In the case of subjective refraction measurement, a one-dimensional target 16R for subjective measurement as shown in FIG. 5 is set in the eye ER. The target 16R is located in each area F of the dotted line between the numerical values N,
A plurality of line patterns D whose fineness changes sequentially from N to 1 to 11 are formed. A line pattern D that can be seen with a visual acuity of 1.2 is formed in the eleventh finest region F, and the coarsest first region F has a fineness equivalent to a visual acuity of 0.1. The optotype 17L of the left optotype mechanism 6L corresponding to the optotype 17R is presented to the other eye EL. The optotype 17L is different from the optotype 16R in that there is no plurality of line patterns D in each area F. In the area F, a gray pattern having the average density of the line pattern D is uniformly formed. The upper and lower numerical values N are the same as in the case of the target 16R. The refraction measurement targets of the left and right target mechanisms 6R and 6L are the same.

The target means 14R is set at the position of the spherical power S for the objective refraction measurement. Awareness value Su of operation screen 4
The diopter is displayed at a position S in b with a gray background indicating that the measurement is being performed, and “?” meaning unmeasured is displayed at positions C and A. First, the spherical power S, which is the diopter of the weak main meridian, is determined. The angles of the targets 16R and 17L are set based on the objective value Obj, and the direction of the line of the line pattern D is set to be perpendicular to the weak principal meridian.

The resolution of the eye ER with respect to the one-dimensional line pattern D is determined by the eye refractive power in the vertical meridian direction and the refractive power in the other meridian directions, and is not affected by the presence or absence of astigmatism. When asked how many line patterns D can be seen, if the answer is, for example, No. 10, the user is instructed to look at the line patterns D. Until the corresponding line pattern D disappears, the optotype means 14R is gradually moved far away, and the optotype visibility is stored by pressing the set button as the subjective spherical power S. The background disappears and its value is displayed.

When measuring the astigmatic angle A, the objective value Ob
j is displayed at the position A of the subjective value Sub as shown in FIG. 4 with a gray background. The optotype operating means 3 is gripped by the subject, and the dial 3a is turned to instruct the optotypes 16R and 17L to be adjusted to the best viewing angles by rotation, and the angles are stored by the set button. This angle value is displayed at the position of A,
The gray background disappears. Since the target 16R is a one-dimensional pattern, the angle can be accurately determined. Since the anterior segment image E is displayed during the measurement, the position and the state of the eye can be monitored.

When measuring the astigmatic power C, the target 16
Rotate R and 17L by 90 degrees, set the optotype angle so that the line direction of the line pattern D matches the direction of the subjective weak principal meridian, and close the diopter of the subjective weak principal meridian by the astigmatic power C of objective measurement. Set the optotype diopter in the direction. It instructs the user to look at the finest line pattern D visible at that position, moves the visual target diopter little by little, and stores the visual target diopter that disappears as the subjective refractive power of the strong main meridian with the set button. Operation screen 4
At position C, the astigmatic power C, which is the difference between the strong and weak refractive powers, is displayed without a gray background, and the subjective measurement ends.

The line pattern D is a rectangular wave in density, but may be a one-dimensional sine wave pattern whose density and frequency continuously change. In addition, not only the binocular target mechanism device,
A monocular target mechanism device that presents a target only to the subject's eyes EL and ER may be used. In this case, the target mechanisms 6L and 6R are optical systems that change the diopter by moving a lens, and the target is objective measurement. Distant view targets 19L and 19R and rotatable one-dimensional patterns 16L and 16R for subjective measurement can be switched.

[0025]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the present invention uses a special optical member by performing a subjective refraction measurement by controlling a target mechanism based on a measurement value by an objective refraction measurement mechanism. With a simple configuration, subjective refraction measurement can be performed accurately in a short time.

In the optometry apparatus according to the present invention, the distance between the pupils of the subject can be measured in a short time by calculating the position of the image of the subject's eye in the screen based on the signal of the imaging means to determine the distance between the pupils of the subject. Then, the eye can be aligned, and the eye refraction can be measured efficiently and accurately.

In the optometry apparatus according to the present invention, the target is presented only to the subject's eye before the interpupillary distance adjustment is performed.
Measurement can be prevented from being performed by the target mechanism set at an incorrect interpupillary distance, and objective measurement can be performed without being bothered by the interpupillary setting.

The optometry apparatus according to the present invention can display the fact that the interpupillary distance adjustment has not been performed, thereby preventing measurement by the optotype mechanism set to an incorrect interpupillary distance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a mechanism diagram of a target means.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a target in a one-dimensional pattern.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a display of an operation screen.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Measurement part 3 Target operation means 4 Operation screen 6L, 6R Target mechanism 7 Objective refraction measurement mechanism 8, 20L, 20R, 22L, 22R Step motor 9L, 9R Light splitting member 12 Video camera 14L, 14R Marking means 23L, 23R Light source for illumination

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An objective refraction measuring system for objectively measuring refraction of an eye, and a target system for presenting a target of a one-dimensional pattern of various rotatable fineness, wherein the objective refraction is provided. An optometric apparatus, wherein the optotype system is controlled based on a measurement value of a measurement system to perform subjective refraction measurement. 2. An optometric apparatus comprising an eye refraction measuring means and an anterior eye part imaging means, wherein a position of a subject eye image in a screen is calculated based on a signal of the anterior eye part imaging means, and a distance between pupils of the subject is calculated. An optometry apparatus for determining a distance. 3. An optometric apparatus which presents an optotype to each of the left and right eyes at the time of adjusting the distance between the pupils of the subject and measures the refraction of the eye. An optometric apparatus characterized by presenting. 4. An optometry apparatus for performing eye refraction measurement by presenting a target to each of the left and right eyes when adjusting the interpupillary distance of the subject, and displaying that the interpupillary distance is not adjusted. Optometry device.