ITAN20070069A1 - PORTABLE INDIVIDUAL CONTROL AND SAFETY DEVICE. - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

"PORTABLE INDIVIDUAL CONTROL AND SECURITY DEVICE"

TO)

The device object of the present invention will allow to:

a) detect, "automatically" and "24h / 24hn (therefore also at" night "when the user is in bed), the conditions of" emergency and / or "illness" of the user, with possible automatic activation of appropriate "alarm and control procedures", which vary according to the events detected;

b) send (to remote users) "manual" alarm signals (illness, robbery, assault); C) send "vocal-sound" alarm signals (for illness, robbery, assault, etc.);

d) check, "periodically", the state of "reactivity and psycho-physical ability of the user; e) calculate the daily level of" motor activity "of the user, even if the device is not on the user;

f) calculate the frequency of periodic "exits" (daily, weekly, etc.) of the user from their home or from the place where the user lives;

g) periodically detect some important "biometric parameters" of the user;

<h)> to function as a small "anti-theft" system (when the user is not at home);

i) also function as a "mobile phoneJ 'and control system for fitness, sports, etc. activities.

All these checks and surveys will be preferably carried out with a "single device, hereinafter called" body-module "(1)," associated with the user to be controlled; this module will normally be applied to the user, but it can still work even in cases where it is not associated with the latter! Currently there are no devices which, like the object of the present invention, can carry out "all" the above-mentioned detections and controls, with the "innovative methods" described below and with a "single device! The device will be very useful for controlling people elderly or sick people who live (in homes, retirement homes, hospitals, nursing homes, hotels, prisons, etc.) and / or work (in offices, shops, factories, warehouses, etc.) "alone", and for anyone (even young people) lives or works in "isolated" or little-frequented places (night guards, sole employees of post offices, etc.). The device will work validly even when the user uses it in "open" places and even when it is not The device invented can finally be used (with some additional measures to increase its "safety") also to control possible illness, aggression and 10 escapes of "prisoners" in prisons and 10 of "illegal immigrants" in "centers t collection points ", etc ..

6) DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE DEVICE

The invented device (1) (figures 1, 2 and 3) also known as the "modulocomoreo" (1) will mainly be composed of the following internal components (see fig. 1):

1) "processing unit composed of at least one microprocessor (2) with permanent memories (3) (ram, eprom, flash, etc.), various buses, input and output stages, control logics, output connections and data transmission. The microprocessor (2) will manage and control, by means of control logic and relative software recorded in permanent memory, the following main operating phases:

- reception of any "alarm signals" (automatic, vocal-sound and 10 manual) from various sensors and 10 devices, with subsequent "coding" (depending on the case) and storage and

- periodic detection of "biometric parameters";

- periodic verification of the user's state of "reactivity and psycho-physical ability";

- calculation of the daily level of "motor activity" of the user, even in the case of module (1) not on the user;

- calculation of the frequency of periodic "exits" from the home (by the user);

-sending telephone calls and 10 alarm and / or alert messages to pre-established remote users;

- activation and deactivation of the "anti-theft" function.

2) a timer-clock (4): it will be used, in addition to providing the "date and time" in case of sending alarms, also (optionally) to "switch on" (eg every 3 minutes) the rest of the module ( 1); this for the sole purpose of 'saving' the consumption of the power supply batteries of the device (1). Once the body-module is turned on, the microprocessor (2) will check whether there is a certain body movement on the part of the user ( through signals coming from the macro-movements module (5) and / or from the micro-movements module (6)); if so, it will switch off the "rest" of the device (l) again (eg for another 3 minutes), leaving only the clock-timer (4) on "always". the clock-timer (4) will also be used to activate (after a certain pre-established waiting time) the buzzer (18) plus the pre-alarm LED (19) , to make the microprocessor (2) "distinguish" the "night" times from the "day" ones and (optionally) also to function as a digital and / or voice "alarm clock" for the user.

3) one or more sensors (30) (fig. 3) for detecting "human presence and / or movement said sensors, having a reliable range of less than 1 meter (usually around 60-70 cm. Maximum) will be used for the following purposes: a) if placed applied under the user's bed cushion (preferable) or on the nearby bedside table or on the edge of the bed, the sensor (30) will be very useful to detect, during the user's rest, the his presence and movement in his bed (the pillow and / or head and / or shoulders will move and therefore move away and approach the sensor (30)) 'his eventual descent from the bed (the user moves away from the sensor ( 30)), its return (the user approaches the sensor (30)), and any persistent "absence of body movements" during sleep (the pillow, head and body of the user remain still for a long time time, and therefore the sensor (30) detects significant variations - very important -), without the module (1) being ( annoyingly) on the user's body; b) detecting the user's "hand-arms" in motion near the body module (1); C) detect approach of "third persons" to the body module (1), with the user stationary, without particular movements; d) detection of the body module (1) "taken in hand" and 10 touched by the user; e) detect "presences, movements" at home, with body module (l) not on the user but placed on a piece of furniture, bedside table, etc .; the sensor (30) 'once placed on a piece of furniture. it will no longer detect significant variations in values (frequency e10 of capacitance and 10 voltage) due to the presence of the device (l) on the user. The sensor (30) will also be useful both for varnishing the "presence" of the user in the place where he lives or works, and for his "mobility", and as an "anti-theft" control when said function is activated. When the sensors (30) for detecting "presence and human movement" will provide fast and significant variations of values (i.e. quite high, high or very high, and vice versa, compared to previous values detected), this will mean a clear approach and / or removal of human bodies and / or their parts (arms, hands, etc.) from said sensors (30). Let us now see the operating principle and the various internal components of said sensors (30) (see fig. 3). The human body has its own electrical impedance and is therefore capable of behaving like an electrical conductor, interacting with electrical circuits with which it comes into contact. More specifically, if we take an antenna (30a), i.e. a conductor connected to an electrical circuit through a single terminal and approach it (with the body), we will create a sort of variable virtual capacitor (30b), which presents as before armature the antenna itself, as second our horn and as dielectric the or other medium. Electrically this is possible as both the electrical circuit to which the antenna (30a) refers and our body are connected through the earth, therefore, even if the electrical quantities involved are very small, there is still the passage of charges. By varying the distance between the body and the antenna (30a), the capacitance of this "virtual capacitor" (30b) will also vary (preferably measured in picofarads). If this virtual capacitor is then connected to an oscillator (30c) varying the capacitance, the oscillation frequency of the latter will also vary. By connecting the antenna (30a) to the resonant circuit of the oscillator (30c), the capacity of the "virtual capacitor" (30b) is added to that of the capacitor (30e) of the circuit (in fact they are in parallel with respect to ground), in so that by approaching and moving away the body it is possible to modify the working frequency of the oscillator (30c): by approaching the body to the antenna (30a) the working frequency of the oscillator (30c) decreases as the total capacity of the resonant circuit increases , and viceversa. To make the "human presence detection" sensors (30) more stable and sensitive (to variations in capacitance and frequency) and with a greater range of action, the well-known principle of the "beat of two waves" is exploited: "mixing" two signals with two distinct frequencies, two other signals will be obtained, characterized by having, the first, a frequency equal to the sum of the two source frequencies, and the second 'frequency equal to the difference (this is the signal that interests us). For this purpose we use, by coupling them together, two radio frequency electronic oscillators, (30c) and (30d), centered on frequencies close to each other; the first will be of the "fixed" type (30d) (that is, it will always work at the same "reference" frequency, and in our case preferably slightly "higher" than the rest frequency of the other oscillator (30C)) m, while the second oscillator (30c) will be of the "variable" type (ie it will work at variable frequencies - in our case preferably "lower - than the working one of the reference oscillator (30d)). The oscillators used, (30c) and (30d) , have a resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor (30e) and an inductance; together they determine the working frequency while the oscillation continuity is usually guaranteed by an active component, bipolar transistor, Fet, etc. Such oscillators (30c) and (30d ) 'in "reston" conditions (that is, in the absence of approaching parts of the human body within the range of action of the sensors (30)) vibrate (more or less) at the same frequency (for which the "difference" in frequency of the two oscillators is almost nothing); by connecting the antenna (30a) to the capacitor (30e) of the "variable 'oscillator (30c) it is possible to vary its capacity and therefore, since the frequency produced is a function of the aforementioned capacity, it is possible to vary the frequency of the oscillator (30c) simply by moving a horn (or part of it) near or away from the antenna (30a) (or the virtual capacitor (30b)). The frequency shift thus created produces, after the "mixing of the two secinal" by means of a special "mixer" circuit ( 30g), a third electric wave ("beat frequency") which is equal to the difference of the two frequencies; at this point the sensor (30) will send to the microprocessor (2) the value of said "difference" (of frequency in Hertz and 10 of capacitance in picofarads and 10 of proportional voltage in millivolts, a value then suitably converted into voltage by means of a frequency-voltage converter, amplified, attenuated and filtered by special circuits), for the appropriate processing, or to ascertain the socket the absence or absence of body parts of the user and third parties in the immediate vicinity of the body module (1). When "parts of the user's body and 10 third persons" approach a sensor (30) the "beat frequency" (derived from the "difference between the working frequencies of the two oscillators) increases, while when they move away, said beat frequency In addition to calculating the extent of the increase (or decrease) in the values transmitted by the sensor (30) (compared to previous values acquired and processed), the microprocessor (2), to obtain more reliable and effective processing, will also calculate the "speed" with which these "variations" will occur over time; in short, a "fast, non-linear, non-linear and of a certain entity" variation (with respect to previous processed and stored values) will certainly indicate a "change in state1 'of the 'environment surrounding the sensor (30): if the (fast) variation (of beat frequency) is increasing, without any proportionality / linearity (compared to previous processed and memorized values) there will be an movement of "parts of the body of the user e10 of third parties" to the sensor (30), if instead it is decreasing (sudden, that is, non-linear, non-proportional) this will indicate a removal of "parts of the body of the user e10 of third parties persons "from said sensor (30). When the "variations" of the values provided by the censors (30) will have a fairly constant speed and entity or in any case fairly linear, proportional (with respect to the previous values processed), this will mean that there is no status ", that is, within the range of action of the sensor ( 30) there are "parts of the user's body in motion and 10 third persons". To better understand the operation of the various internal components of said sensors (30) we give the following example; let's say that the "variabilen oscillator (30c) works at the frequency of 1,000,000 Hertz while the 'Tisson oscillator (30d) works at the slightly higher (reference) frequency" eg. 1.000.100 Hz., So that the "difference" between the two signals, in a state of rest (ie absence of parts of the user's body and 10 third persons in the vicinity), is 100 Hz. e10 a person approaches the sensor (30) 'entering its range, the frequency of the "variable" oscillator (30c) will vary rapidly, decreasing (due to the increasing variation of the capacitance of the virtual variable capacitor (30b) caused from the approach of parts of the body of the user and 10 of third persons representing the 2nd armature of said capacitor), and for example. will be 999.998 Hz. (fig. 3); the "difference" signal between the two oscillators will now be 102 Hz., ie there will have been a 2% increase (with respect to the rest condition -100 Hz-) that the "resolution" of the microprocessor (2) will detect with ease, which would hardly occur without the presence of the mixer (309) (or indeed the "beat frequency"), since in fact the difference is only 2Hz. out of 1,000,000 it would have caused a percentage change of 211,000,000, that is 0.0002% (instead of 2%) difficult to detect by the microprocessor (2). In summary, when the "beat frequency" (derived from the "difference" between the frequencies of the two oscillators) undergoes fast, high and increasing variations it will mean that "parts of the user's life and 10 third people" are "getting closer" to the sensor. (30)) and vice versa, when said frequency decreases rapidly, the "parts of the user's como and 10 third persons" will be "moving away". When, after detecting fast changes. high and increasing user body and 10 third person approaching), called "beat frequency" will then become "fairly constant or commonly slowly variable" will mean that the parts of the user's body and 10 third persons will be stationary, at a fairly constant distance from the sensor (30); then when the "beat frequency" decreases rapidly, and then "settles" again at almost constant or little variable values, the third persons will have completely moved away from the sensor (30). The antenna (30a) of the sensor (30) will preferably be applied and positioned in the container of the body module (1), so that the wall (external or internal) containing the keyboard (24), that is the one usually touched by the hands of the user, also acts as sensor antenna (30). Returning to case a) of the user's control when he is in bed resting (very important), the following is summarized and specified: - if the sensor (30) is applied under the user's bed pillow, it will detect significant variations (with respect to previous values) only when the pillow and 10 the head and 10 the user's body (shoulders, etc.) will move (in this way they will move away and approach the sensor (30)); when the sensor (30) is associated under the pillow of the user's bed, it will detect significant variations (with respect to previous values) even if the user gets out of bed and returns there; when the sensor (30) is associated under the user's bed cushion, it will also detect "persistent absence" of significant variations (compared to previous values) when the user's head and body will not move for a long time, indicating dangerous and continuous "absence of body movements" of the user; - when the sensor (30) is not associated under the pillow but is applied close to the bed (placed on the bedside table or on the edge of the bed), it will detect significant variations (compared to previous values) mainly in the event that the user gets up from bed e10 you return. The other cases, b), C), d) and), listed at the beginning of this point 3), will be detected and distinguished from each other (by the microprocessor (2)) thanks to the "values", "entity" and "speed" of the detected variations sensor (30). in combination with the information coming from sensors and devices of the device (1) (compass (6), stepmeter (5), inclination switches (11), IR sensor (31), etc.). The sensor (30) can also (in combination with other sensors) be useful for: f) detecting "persistent absence of body movements" (with module (1) on): g) detecting "intrusion of strangers" in the event of a function alarm activated; h) - calculate the user's "motor activity" frequency, even if the module (1) is not on the user (any significant and fast variation of the sensor (30) will be counted and processed by the microprocessor (2) ) as a "pass" of the user)

4) at least one sensor (31), with "passive infrared", to detect "presences and 10 movements" in the home (or office, shop, etc.). Useful both for controlling the person (elderly, sick, disabled, etc.) when, during the day, they do not have the body module (1) on (but is for example placed on a piece of furniture, bedside table, etc.) and, at night , when you get out of bed and come back, both to activate an anti-theft control JJ r, removing intrusions when the person is not at home (or office, shop, etc.) and has previously activated (via keyboard and 10 voice commands) this function This sensor (31) is able to detect variations in the level of infrared rays caused by the movement of people or things, whose temperature differs from that of the environment; it is suitable for detecting the movements of people based on their temperature body and have a wide detection range (up to 10 meters away and beyond). Said infrared (IR) sensor (31) is mainly used to check if the user gets out of bed at night and returns there, during the day, to detect the presence and level the motor activity of the user in the home (without the module (1) on him, but when the anti-theft function is "deactivated", and 10 to detect any intrusions by strangers (when the anti-theft function is activated "). Although the sensor (31) can also be of the 'ultrasonic' or 'laser' type, the passive infrared one is preferred as it is more effective when used in the anti-theft function. as already said, the IR sense (31) will preferably be activated (by the microprocessor (2)) when the device (1) is not on the user (see below for the specific details of this condition).

5) a "macro-movements" detection module (5), with onloff "oscillation" mechanism of the "pedometer" module type: the mechanism will provide an "on" signal when the relative electrical contact ("normally open" -M- ) will be "closed" (for a few fractions of a second) thanks to the "comoreon" movement (of a certain entity) by the user. As long as the macro-movements module (5) (pedometer type) "oscillates", changing state repeatedly (on / off), it will mean that the user has a certain body movement, so the situation will appear without problems (and in this case it will be superfluous to "switch on" the "micro-movements" detection module (6)). Therefore, as long as "body macro-movements" are detected, the microprocessor (2), (preferably) will not switch on the "micro-movements" module (6); if, on the other hand, the "macro" module (5), for a few consecutive "minutes" (e.g. 3), does not provide information about the user's motor and body activity (or it never oscillates from on to off and vice versa for several minutes consecutive), the microprocessor (2) will also activate the "micro-movements" module (6) to check the status of the user "more thoroughly". The use of the "macro-movements" detection module (5) will take place both to better understand some situations (in combination with other data coming mainly from the compass-module (6) and from the altimeter-module (16)) such as . that of the condition of a user with "his own" motor activity or relative to a "means of transport" (in which the user has, for example, got on), both to save the consumption of the power supply batteries of the device (l), as the "micro-movements" detection module (6) (the most important - see below-) generally would have a higher consumption than module (5), so it will be preferable to make it "sleep" as long as the "macro" module (5) will provide information about the user's "movements". The pedometer module (5) will also be used to 'alcohol' (by counting the number of changes in state onlotf) the level of motor activity and body activity per day (or weekly, etc.) of the user (another important parameter).

6) a module (6) for the detection of "macrolmicro motor movements e10 comorei" and10 of "directional changes", of the type composed of one or more maanetoresistive sensors (very sensitive to variations in the magnetic field in their vicinity and therefore to changes in direction , to displacements, movements of various types, etc.) or directly from an "electronic compass" (composed in turn of one or more magnetoresistive sensors positioned in such a way as to preferably detect at least the variations of the "horizontal" component of the earth's magnetic field ): this module (6) will be used to detect body and motor activity, even "minimal", and 10 changes in motor direction (also "indirect" as in the case of a user in a "wheelchair" or inside a "vehicle transport ", etc.) in addition to e10 in place of the macro-movements module (5). This compass (6) 'thanks to the possibility of detecting even very small movements (by means of the "variations" - even less than 1 degree - of its rotation angle caused by the movement of the body-module (l)), will be used for check the status of the user even when he is in bed, dorrriire; placed "under the pillow" (even in a corner), it will be able to control the movements (even small ones) of the user, while sleeping, and also whether or not he has returned to bed or not after having descended from it. As already mentioned, the "micro-movements" module (6) will preferably (but not necessarily) be switched on (to reduce the consumption of the power supply batteries) "only if the" pedometer "module (5) will be" stopped "(ie without oscillations onloff ) for a few consecutive minutes (e.g. 3). The compass (6) will then remain on until it detects "variations in its rotation angle (which will indicate" user movements "), after which4 it will be" switched off "again by the microprocessor ( 2). If instead, for example. for a consecutive minute, no variations in the compass ring will be detected, i.e. there has been a persistent absence of comorian movement (of at least = 4 minutes) the microprocessor (2) will activate a control and pre-alarm procedure consisting in activating the buzzer ( 18) plus the led (19) to be turned on, by pressing one or more buttons (7) within a certain pre-established time (e.g. 30 seconds or more), to demonstrate (by the user) that the absence of body movement detected from the device (1) it appeared to be only a "false alarm". The "micro-movement with electronic compass (5) detection module will be used (by the microprocessor (2)) in a" continuous "way, that is" always (and therefore in some cases the data provided by the umacro-movements module " of the "pedometer" type (5) would be superfluous), or (to save battery consumption) only when the macro-movements module (5) (pedometer) should be "stopped", without onloff oscillations (ie "absence "of macro-body movements) for a few consecutive minutes (e.g. 2-3 or more). The electronic compass module (6) will be used to detect body and motor activity (even" minimal ") of a user (characteristic" innovative "of the invention), by calculating the" variations "of values of its rotation angle (with respect to a" reference point not initially calibrated, for example the terrestrial north or other) between several "successive measurements. . (between several successive elevations) a "variation" of the angle of rotation was calculated action, this will mean that the compass will somehow have undergone a movement (not necessarily only rotary; in fact there will be "variations" of angle also for "relative" movements of the translatory type, horizontal and vertical, jerks, pressures, etc.), or the user will have "moved" (even minimally). Thanks to the good "resolution" of the compass (6), even very small movements of the user can be detected. Furthermore, the microprocessor (2) will daily calculate (by "difference" between several successive measurements) and will record, with date time (via timer (4)) and in memory (3), the "sensitive" variations, ie those of a certain entity (eg 70-80 degrees of difference between two or more successive measurements) and their "duration"; in fact, the time in which a certain value of rotation angle will remain more or less the same (less than some degree of variation) will be counted and then undergo a sudden and high value to indicate precisely a "sensitive" body and motor movement of the user . With the memorization (in memories (3)) of the "sensitive variations" and their "duration" (ie the time elapsed between the measurement of two very different values of rotation angle) it will be possible to detect, with a certain effectiveness and without other devices, the "level" (high, medium or low) of activity (body and motor) of the user. Moreover, being able to detect (in the case of a user moving with his own legs e10 with a wheelchair), thanks to the compass (6)) also the "motorian direction changes and their extent (in degrees or radians), it will be possible to control also any "strange anomalous measurements" of the rotation angle that could detect critical situations, such as that of a user who "continuously" (and for too long) is, for example, "airing on himself", or is "too immobile with the legs (or with the wheelchair) despite a certain movement of the "rest" of the body (for this type of control the "pedometer" module (5) will also be used), or there are strange oscillations you hate that of the arm (if e.g. the device is applied therein) due to e.g. fainting or sickness of the user slumped with the head on a table and with the arm dangling, swinging. When the compass (6) remains "stationary", i.e. without (or almost) variations in the angle of rotation between two or more successive measurements (except for very small oscillations - usually less than 1 degree - due to accuracy and tolerance of the compass) and for an excessive time (with a predetermined and memorized social limit, for example 1 minute or more), the microprocessor (2) will immediately activate a verification and control procedure and then activate, in case of no response from the user, one or more alarm procedures depending on the use cases (elderly, employees, caretakers, prisoners, etc.). An electronic compass is a small module that can measure its orientation relative to the Earth's magnetic field. It will be sufficient to use one or more maanetoresistive sensors (e.g. Philips KMZ51 e10 KMZ52 magnetic sensors or Honeywell HMC 1001/1002/1021/1022/1051/52/53 or other types) preferably positioned together with a phase shift of 90 degrees (in the case of one "direction sensors). The microprocessor (2) will detect the intensity of magnetic flux measured by each sensor and will calculate the" horizontal "component of the rotation angle of the module with respect to the earth's magnetic field. A "initial position", also called "calibration point", with respect to which the compass will be able to provide the "relative" rotation angle with high precision (even with "resolutions" of 0.1 degrees). rotation will be provided by the "compass" module both as a simple pulse signal (for example a PWM pulse width modulated signal) with an amplitude proportional to the angle detected (with respect to the point d i initial calibration), and in numerical form via a special bus (eg. type 12C). The detection of the rotation angle (with respect to the initial calibrated position) will be complete, ie 360 degrees (values from 0 to 359.9 degrees will be detected, increasing for clockwise rotations or decreasing counterclockwise). The compass calibration procedure will be useful to establish a "reference point" (normally the earth's north, or other point) relative to which the compass, once calibrated, will provide the angle of rotation. The power supply voltage of the compass will usually be 3 or 5 volts continuous and the absorption, in the data acquisition phase, will be around a few mA or even less in the case of additions and pushed miniatures. If the pedometer module (5) but the compass module (6) is provided (in the device (1)), the latter will also be used for "calculating (counting the extent of the variations in the compass rotation angle, among more subsequent measurements) the user's daily (or weekly, etc.) level of motor activity and body 10 (important parameter). under the pillow of the bed or even under the mattress or in other greases of the bed in which it will be possible to detect even the slightest movements (thanks to the electronic compass module), also to control the user while he is "resting in bed". also the case of the user "not returned to bed" (during the night) after having descended, thanks to the "difference existing between the values of the rotation angle detected (in several successive measurements) by the compass (6) while the user e is sleeping and those detected while the user is "getting out" of bed e10 is "returning" to it; in fact, in the first case (user in bed) the angle variations (due only to the movements of the user's head and shoulders on the pillow) will usually be of a few degrees (generally 1-23 "or a little more), while when I 'user will go down or go back to bed, said angle variations, in addition to having a "short duration" (they will be almost of the "impulsive" type), will increase in entity (thanks to "other" additional "movements" such as absence or the return of the user's "body" to the mattress -will generally be greater than 54 'or more-), so it will be easy for the device to understand if the user is "in bed" or "descended" from it and then dflerentiate the cases of sickness of "user in bed from those of sickness of" user who has not returned to bed d o ~ or be descended from them. It should also be emphasized the important use of the compass (6) to better verify (in combination with other parameters -see below-) whether or not the user has "left" the place where he lives or works; if so, he states tivo can also check whether the user has "own motor activity" (both compass (6) and pedometer (5) detect "movements") or is "traveling" (only the compass (6) detects sensitive and fast variations, combination also with variations of the altimeter module (16) -see below-) on a means of transport (eg. bus, car, train, etc.). Therefore the "combined" use of the compass rotation angle values (6) with the onloff oscillation values of the pedometer module (5) will become, in some cases, fundamental. For the purposes of the present invention and the related claims, process the values (and variations) of the angle of rotation of the compass (6) OR the values (and D variations) of resistance (or voltage or current) detected at the ends of the magnetoresistive sensors. (of which the compass is composed) is the exact same thing.

7) two keys (preferably red), "Yes. (7) and 'W (8) 11 key YES (7) is mainly used to" cancel false alarms "(the user will be vocally assisted to press the YES key to cancel the false alarm), to also ask for the "voice" time (only if pressed in the absence of pre-alarm statuses). If both pressed (the YES key and the NO key), for example for 3-4 seconds (or even a single key, but pressed for longer, for example 5 seconds), can send "manual" alarms. The two keys (7) and (8) are then used to "answer" YES or NO to the various vocal questions of the "evaluation tests" and / or other questions. They are also used to "scroll sequentially (forward the YES and backward the NO) the data that appear each time on the display (32). The two keys (7) and (8) will also be useful for initially typing and memorizing the building floor number, emergency telephone numbers, daily and evening rest hours, etc.

8) an atpha-numeric keyboard (24), with 10 and more keys, like a mobile phone; used for various purposes (making phone calls, entering user initial identification data, entering telephone numbers of pre-established users, entering the anti-theft activation code, etc.).

9) a display (32); used to highlight the various data entered, various information, warnings, alarms, time, etc.

10) various electrodes electrical contacts (9) "normally open, preferably in the shape of circular metal plates (or almost), slightly protruding and arranged in the exfeme walls of the container of the body-module (1): they will be used to measure the" resistance cutaneous electrical ", calculation possible only" closingolcolle ~ ando ", with lane manoli, two or more of these electrical contacts (9) and therefore the relative branch of" electrical circuit "(called for convenience" skin electrical circuit "(9)) at the ends of which the electrical resistance value will be measured. In this way ("closing", connecting two or more contacts and measuring the relative value of "cutanean electrical resistance)" it will be possible to demonstrate that the body module (1) was (certainly ) 'taken in hand' (even if only for a few seconds) by the user; this is a very important check to avoid errors and false evaluations during the operation of the device (1).

In addition and 10, as an alternative to said electrical contacts (9), the "human presence" sensor (30) can be used, which, as soon as the user's hand has taken the body module (1) "in hand" ( inevitably touching the antenna (30a) of the sensor (30) thus significantly increasing the value of the so-called "difference" frequency), it will send to the microprocessor (2) very high variations of values, obtainable only in the case in which the antenna ( 30a) is "touched" by a hand.

11 one or more inclination sensors-switches (11) "of the" metal ball or "mercury" or "gas" or other type (provided they are accepted by current legislation), normally in "off" mode (electrodes not connected ). Said sensors (11) will have a mechanism preferably composed of a small metal ball whose movement opens (off) and closes (on) a suitable electric detection circuit. If only one switch (11) is used, it will preferably be positioned in a "horizontal / oblique" way, that is, arranged in such a way as to be alarmed / "on" (the ball, gas or drop of mercury will electrically connect the two electrodes inside the bulb sealed) only in cases where the body module (1) is in a "horizontal" or substantially so; when it is in "OR 'it means that the module (1) is probably in a" vertical "or almost" vertical "position. To avoid false alarms, it will in any case be preferable to use at least two inclination sensors (11), arranged in a" pemendicular "way ( or almost); one will be called the "horizontal" position sensor and the other the "vertical" position sensor. In this it will be possible to detect, without errors, whether the body module (1) is "on" the user (or in position " vertical "or almost) or" not on him "but in a" durable "" horizontal "position (or almost), for example above a piece of furniture or under the bed pillow (when the body-module is" placed "on a of the 2 "base" faces, one of the two inclination switches (11) will certainly go to "on"). The two sensors (11) will also be very useful for detecting possible "falls on the ground" by the user (probably at least one of the two sensors (11) will alarmlon) with body-module (1) "on". In case of alarm (on) of at least one of the two sensors (11) and in case of detection of a body-module (1) "on" the user, the microprocessor (2) will activate the usual buzzer (18) led (19) to be turned off "obligatorily" (within a fixed period of time) to demonstrate that the situation is "normal", or that it was a "false alarmJ1 (this must also occur if the compass (6) detects" body movements "). Later we will see then that these inclination sensors (11) could also be useful to "turn on" the "rest" of the body-module (already in the "stand-by" position) when at least one of these passes from a state of "on" to one of "off '. To avoid Talsi bouncing, the control of the" state "change of the sensors (11) (from on to off and vice versa) must last for several seconds (for example at least 20-30) and with some continuity.

12) an accelerometer sensor (12) for detecting "rapid" falls to the ground; eg. you can use the Analog Devices ADXL202E sensor, a two-axis accelerometer that will measure both "static" (eg "gravity") and "dynamic" (eg "vibration shocks") acceleration. An alarm signal for "rapid fall to earth" of the user will be sent to the microprocessor (2) when the sensor (12) exceeds a certain predetermined "threshold"; the alarm will be even more reinforced and aaciravato in the event that even one of the two mercury sensors (11) should be alarmed and an immediate "absence" of the user's body movements (i.e. pedometer (5) and compass (6) is also detected ) "stationary", without variations).

13) an "altimeter" type sensor (16) or variation of "atmospheric pressure" (barometric): used (in a truly "innovative" way) to detect when the user "leaves" the place where he lives or works (home , office, shop, etc.) and return (with time and date recorded) with the body-form (l) "on". Also useful for calculating the "frequency" (weekly, etc.) of the "exit" of the user. When the user exits from your home (going down or up in "altitude" up to the street level) the barometric altimeter (16) will undergo quite sudden "variations" (within a few minutes) in altitude (due to changes in "altitude", and therefore of atmospheric pressure, suffered by module (1)) or of atmospheric pressure (due to the atmospheric pressure differences existing between one's "home" and the "open" and "distant" environments from home). Therefore, when the altimeter (16) undergoes "changes" in "altitude / altitude" (positive or negative) quite "fast" (ie within a few minutes) and "consistent" (over at least 39 meters) compared to "previous" values detected (ie up to a few minutes before) with the module (1) located "at home", the microprocessor (2) will understand that the body-module (and therefore the user) will no longer be at home and will record then in memory (3) this event (with relative "coding"). Obviously, in addition to this (main) control with the altimeter (16), "additional" checks will be carried out to better verify the user's exit from the house with the module (1) "on", such as for example. those of detecting the signals coming from the horizontal mercury sensors (11) (whether they are both in "OR 'or not), if the pedometer (5) and 10 the compass (6) detect an increase in" body movements ", if the temperature environment (17) has undergone significant changes, and more (see below). While the user is leaving the place where he lives, stays or works (home, office, hotel, hospital, prison, etc.) they will be sent to the microprocessor (2) sensitive and "concomitant" changes in values by the altimeter (16) (which will detect "multiple" and sudden changes in atmospheric pressure), the compass module (6) and 10 pedometer (5) (which will detect an increase of "motor activity) and probably also of the room temperature module (17) (which will detect, perhaps with a little delay compared to the other parameters, temperature variations due to the" change "of environments). When the altimeter (16) returns more or less to the "altitude" values recorded before the user left the house (ie within the "daily" range of altitude / atmospheric pressure values recorded in the place where he lives or works , values that are also quite "constant", that is with small and slow variations, that is, not excessively 'variable' as it happens in the case of the "exit" of the user) and when the return to the usual daily values of other parameters such as the ' ambient temperature "and motor activity (which will return to have, more or less, the usual daily values and a less variable trend than in the case of" user exit "), the microprocessor (2) will record the event as" user returned to casan (or in any case within a "closed" environment) with the body-module (1) "on". Also in this case, in order to avoid errors, checks will be carried out (in addition to the values detected by the altimeter) to better verify the "return of the user", such as eg. that of detecting the values of ambient temperature, motor activity, etc. The altimeter (16) will certainly undergo significant variations due to differences in "altitude", or rather "atmospheric pressure", occurring during the user's journey away from his home. Detecting the user's "presence or not at home" (thanks to the altimeter (16) and the ambient temperature module (17) -see below-), in addition to avoiding errors in evaluation in some particular cases, it can constitute very important information to be sent (by telephone) to remote users established (children, relatives, assistants, etc.) as, in some cases, it could be "dangerous" for the user to leave the house alone (ie unaccompanied). To obtain more precise results, it is advisable to choose an altimeter (16 ) of reduced d size and with good precision and resolution (preferably 1 meter). They are eg. valid are Fujkara's XFPM atmospheric pressure sensors, Motorola's MPX4115s, Digisensor's MDSs or those implemented in Casio, Alta watches, etc.

14) an electronic module (17), complete with probe and control logic, to detect the "room temperature": it will be useful for detecting "critical" (too high or too low) temperature values inside the place where the live user (home, office, etc.), alarming the device, or sensitive and abrupt changes which will indicate, in combination with the values coming from the altimeter (16) and other parameters, the user's home exit.

15) a colored buzzer / buzzer (18) and (19) (flashing when activated): they will be activated, by the microprocessor (2), in case of "pre-alarm" e10 to "warn the user of events in progress. be "turned off" by means of special "keys 1 '(7) to be pressed.

16) a microphone (20): used to provide vocal responses and above all to send to the microprocessor (2) any vocal and acoustic alarms created by the emission of loud screams by the user; a special filtering and calibration circuit will be used to activate the sending of an aggression alarm in case of screams of a certain entity.

17) a small siren (21) with good sound power (eg 105 dB): activated by the microprocessor (2) in all cases of alarm and 10 warning in which it is useful to alert the neighborhood (if "user in the house") or people passing by nearby (if "user not at home").

18) a digital "recorder" and "reproducer" (22) of "vocal" messages and questions complete with loudspeaker and microphone (20): used both to "record" all user data (name, address, telephones, date birth, various codes, personal biometric parameters, blood group, etc.), and to provide voice instructions to the user (step-by-step) during the daily use of the body module (1) in order to avoid errors. It will also be very useful to periodically carry out 'vocal evaluation tests "to verify the state of responsiveness and psycho-physical ability of the user. These innovative" prioodic evaluation tests "(carried out for example once a day or a week, etc.) they will consist of some "precise" vocal questions, posed to the user, through the player (22) and to which he will have to answer "yes" or "no", by pressing one of the two side keys (7). remind the user to do some operations through pre-memorized voice prompts such as: 'remember to take your medicines ... "(morning, lunch, dinner)," remember to check your heart rate and temperature ... "," remember to turn off the gas ... "(in the evening and when the user leaves), etc ..

19) two or more capsules (23), preferably "expandable" and inserted in "internal slits" (of a circular or almost circular shape) to the container of the body-module (1); said capsules (23) (figure 2), depending on the quantity of biometric parameters to be detected, could be - two, three or four. If there are only two, they can be positioned on the same side (same wall) of module (l) (in this case they will only be able to detect heart rate, body temperature and at most the skin and sweat resistance); if there are three or four 4 will be inserted in the left (right wall) and right side (right wall) of the module (1). The slots with internal capsules (23) will be useful for the user to insert their fingers (of the right hand and 10 of the left hand) when it is necessary (or will) to detect various biometric parameters, such as heart rate, oxygen saturation in the blood , skin temperature and skin electrical resistance. Such capsules (23) will preferably also be provided with small "mollen e10" pincers to make the fingers better adhere and keep still in contact with their internal walls, in which the various biometric detection sensors will be housed (see further on). The presence of these internal capsules (23) will allow to measure some vital biological parameters of the user "directly" in the body-module without the need, that is, to use "other devices" and10 annoying "connection cables" and10 "extension cables" ".

20) a "photoplethismarafic" (IR) sensor (25) for measuring the heartbeat on the tip of a finger. This module (25) (known per se), based on an infrared (IR) transmitter diode and high sensitivity receiver photodiode (eg BPW34). detects heart rate (beats per minute) as a "change" in the blood flow in the capillaries of the fingers. The module (25) will be supported by a suitable amplification stage of the photoplethysmographic signal. Heart rate is a parameter that can also be detected in a non-cardiological setting using photo-optic systems which, applied to the finger of a hand, record the changes in blood flow in the capillaries (of the fingers); this technique is called "photoplethysmography". A photoplethysmographic sensor applied to a finger works by emitting and receiving infrared light that is "absorbed" by the blood. The sensor (25) detects the cyclical variations of the pressure tone in the capillaries of the fingers which faithfully represent the heartbeat. Based on the amplitude of the recorded signal, it is possible to obtain two important parameters: heart rate and the state of vasodilation or "peripheral". If the amplitude of the signal was low it means that there is vasoconstriction (in this case the "temperature" of the fingers will also be low) or that the user is in critical conditions and emotional stress, while if the amplitude was good, normal there would be vasodilation (with normal finger temperature) or the user would be calm, relaxed. A heart rate between 60-90 beats / minute will, in general, be considered "normal", while when it exceeds 95-100 beats / minute it could indicate a state of criticality and 10 emotional stress and 10 anxiety (especially when this value is also associated with a proven state of vasoconstriction, low skin temperature and low skin resistance). To detect the heart rate values and the state of vasodilation or vasoconstriction it will be sufficient to insert eg. the left index finger in the photoplethysmographic sensor (25) associated with the body-module (1) and housed inside one of the thimble-shaped capsules (23), with a depth of about 3-4 cm.

2 1) a "skin temperature" sensor (26): the peripheral temperature of the hands (fingers), in association with the heart rate and skin resistance values, will be another important parameter used to know critical states, anxiety and user stress. The temperature will be measured by a small probe with high sensitivity and linearity (e.g. the LM35 sensor, whose output signal will then be suitably amplified), inserted in one of the capsules (23) inside the body-module (1) and placed in direct contact with the skin of the fingers. As an alternative to the probe, an infrared sensor can also be used. Generally a peripheral skin temperature (hands) between 32 and 36 "C is considered" normal ", while when it falls below 28" C. it will mean (especially if also associated with "abnormal" heart rate and skin resistance values) that the user is in a critical state e10 under nervous stress (in this case, in addition to a low temperature of the fingers, there will also be vasoconstriction, increased beats and low skin resistance).

22) two metal electrodes (27) to calculate the skin electrical resistance (to detect "stress", "anxiety", "sweating", etc.). Skin resistance (GSR) will be detected on one or two fingers close to each other, by means of metal electrodes (preferably silver) placed inside one or two capsules (23). By applying a weak constant current to these electrodes (27), a voltage is generated from which it will be possible to derive the apparent resistance of the skin. When a user is in a critical situation and subjected to stress and anxiety, the skin resistance values on the fingers will tend to "decrease" (compared to the "normal" values). There are basically two types of electrodemic activity that can be analyzed in terms

of skin electrical resistance: a) "tonic" activity: expresses the absolute value of skin electrical resistance and constitutes a starting index of the general state of the user's nervous system; b) phasic activity ", ie the rapid responses caused by purely emotional stimuli: an emotional state caused by stress, nervousness, fear, anxiety, etc. causes a" peak "(easily detectable) in the" phasic "electrical resistance values. a user is nervous, agitated, the electrical resistance of the fingers decreases progressively (also due to an increase in sweating) until reaching indicative values lower than 70-80 Kohms (while values generally higher than 200 Kohms are to be considered normal in relaxed individuals).

23) a module (28) in "mobile - cellular telephony, preferably of the gsm gprs type, for sending" warnings "and / or" alarms "(illness, robbery, anomalous biometric parameters, low batteries, etc.) to pre-selected remote users (relatives, assistants, operations centers, emergency vehicles, etc.). This module (28) will be used for sending telephone calls, with pre-recorded voice messages and / or messages / sms (with name, address of the user, etc.), through one or more transmission technologies in mobile / cellular telephony such as "gsm" (eg dual band 90011800 MHz or triband), "gprs" (eg in class 10), "umts" or other. Only the "transmitter" module (only for the automatic sending of telephone calls and / or text messages to request intervention) or even a "complete" mobile phone (incorporated inside the container of the device (l), with a lot of keyboard, display, etc.) to make and "receive" phone calls of any type. The module (28) will be managed by the microprocessor (2) to send pre-recorded telephone calls and 10 messages / sms to pre-established telephone users (ie already memorized), in case of detected "alarms". The module (28) can also be set up to receive "automatically" (eg after 2-3 rings), without pressing anything, a hands-free phone call from pre-established users.

24) a switch / switch (29) located in a hidden position (to avoid incorrect or accidental shutdowns) to turn the body module (1) on and off "manually". The module (1) can eg. be (optionally) "off" (switch (29) to off) when the user leaves the house or in other cases where the use of module (1) could be "suspended" for a long time. All this (as in other cases) for the sole purpose of saving battery consumption.

25) power supply of the device (1): by means of "long-life" batteries (eg with nominal capacity of 13000 mAh or 16500 mAh, etc.) or "rechargeable" (via the mains). There will also be an electronic module to control the state of "charge" of the batteries.

The invented device (1) will usually be applied "on" the user. During bed rest, the module (1) can work even without being applied to the user (so as not to bother him); it will be sufficient to apply it (preferably) under the pillow or on the bedside table near the bed (or on its side, etc.) and in this way it will be able to detect (even without being on the user!) both the possible absence of body movements, both the eventual descent from the bed and / or its return. During the day and / or when the user leaves the house, the body module (1) can temporarily be placed on a piece of furniture (or table, etc.); also in this case it will be able, albeit in a reduced way and with different methods, to "control" the user and / or function as an "anti-theft" system.

The main "control functions" and the most important and most frequent '' Ws that the device will manage are listed below, underlining that each detected "condition" will be stored (3) 'and then used during the processing of the various functions : a) automatic alarm of "possible illness" of the user (generic case)

b) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user with fall on the ground and without residual body movements"

C) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user with fall on the ground and with residual body movements"

d) automatic alarm of possible illness of the user while he is sleeping in bed e) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user who has not returned to bed after being

descended "(during the night)

f) control of the transition from body-module "not on" to the user and placed on a piece of furniture or under the pillow of the bed, to module "on" the user again

g) detection of possible "illness" even with body module "not on 'and user' not in bed and" not out of the house "

h) user control "left home and then" returned "with module" not on (but used correctly)

i) user control "left casan with module" on him and then "returned home" always with module "on him

I) control case of user "left home" with "wearing" form and with subsequent use of "means of transport"

m) check of "incorrect" case of "user leaving home and module" not on, but on and on top of a piece of furniture "(ie" not hooked 'into the entrance door or "not off") n) generic "manual" alarm (due to illness and 10 robbery and 10 assault, etc.)

o) "vocal-audible alarm from user unable to press the" manual alarm "button p) calculation of the daily (or periodic) level of" motor activity "of the user

q) calculation of the level of "self-sufficiency / reactivity" of the user through "evaluation tests" and "precise actions" to be performed by the user

r) calculation of the "frequency" of "exits" of the user from the place where he lives or works (home, etc.) s) control case of user "in the bathroom" (for bodily needs) with body module "on"

t) control case of user in the "shower" or in the "bathtub"

u) "periodic" "biometric" surveys and checks (on voice request) or "at the user's choice" v) cases of automatic "shutdown" of the body-module

z) cases of automatic "ignition" of the body-module

x) activation / deactivation of the anti-theft function.

let's see now, briefly. the operation of the device in all the points listed above. a) "automatic" alarm for the "possible state of illness" (generic) of the user

a.1) check if the user (or rather the body module (1)) is "at home, through:

- "altimeter" module (16): without particular and fast variations in altitude and 10 of atmospheric pressure, compared to previous measured values

- module (17) of "ambient temperature: without particular variations (compared to previous values measured" at home ")

For more details read below, the so-called ".a fundamental condition" a.2) "time control": if different from the "rest" time (night and / or afternoon), and if: a.3) detection of persistent absence of body and / or motor movement of the user: - if "pedometer" (5) in "off" (ie without oscillations on / ofF) eg. for at least 3 consecutive minutes, then (you operate in this preferred way only to be able to reduce consumption and therefore increase the autonomy of the module power batteries (1)): - active / I turn on the "compass" (6): if '' no changes in values for at least 1 minute, and - if sensor (30) with fairly constant, linear, sudden and not high variations - if "horizontal" tilt switch (11) to "off 'and vertical tilt switch (11)" "in" on "(ie module (I) in" vertical "position or almost), and if

- body module (l) "m taken in hand" (cutaneous electrical circuit (9) open-off e10 sensor (30) without very high variations) eg. in the "previous" 4 minutes (ie after the time spent with the compass (6) without variations in rotation angle), then = "persistent absence of body movements", and therefore:

a.4) activation of the verification and "pre-alarm" procedure:

buzzer (18) led (19) to "turn off" (in case of false alarm, or if the user is not sick) or with one of the 2 keys (7) and (8) or with body movement (ci08: angle variations compass (6) and 10 pedometer (5) in "on", ie with oscillations onloff)) if both keys (7) and (8) are "not pressed and" no user body movement ", activation of" alarm ":

- sending phone calls or text messages to pre-established remote users, via mobile phone module (28) - activation of siren (21) to alert the neighborhood "immediately"

- "alarm code" (sent) = 1 (probable illness in the home, absence of movements) b) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user with fall on the ground" without "residual body movements": b.1) see point a. 1); b.2) see point a.2);

b.3) see point a.3); b.4) "fall to the ground", ascertained if:

- accelerometer sensor (12) in "on" (= "rapid" fall to the ground), and / or

- tilt switch (11) "horizontal in" on "and tilt switch (11)" vertical "in" off "(body-module (1) in" horizontal or nearly "position instead of in the usual" vertical "position);

b.5) "pre-alarm" (see point a.4)); if not canceled: sending of the next "alarm" if the accelerometer (12) is in "on" and / or the horizontal switch (11) is in "on", then:

- alarm code (sent) = 2 (probable illness / absence of movement falling on the ground without residual body movements)

c) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user with fall on the ground" with "residual movements"

c.1) see point a.1); c.2) see point a.2); c.3) see point b.4);

c.4) if inclination switch (I l) "horizontal on" and inclination switch (11) "vertical on" off, and if then pedometer (5) on "or" off '(eg for 3 minutes consecutive) but compass (6) "variations" of rotation angle, e10 sensor (30) with high variations, and / or IR sensor (31) in "on" [this means that the user, having fallen to the ground, is moving , wiggling and / or touching module (1)]:

if body-module (1) "W taken in hand (cutaneous electrical circuit (9)" open "and / or (30) without high variations) in the previous minutes (e.g. 4 = 3 l), then: c.5) activation of the "pre-alarm" procedure:

"only" buzzer (18) led (19) to be "turned off" (to cancel any false alarms) with the 2 luminous keys (7) (invalid, in this case, the cancellation of the false alarm with only "body movement ");

- if keys (7) or (8) not pressed (eg. within 30 sec.), activation of the "alarm" procedure: - sending phone calls or text messages to pre-established remote users, via mobile phone module (28) - siren activation (21) to alert the neighborhood

- 'allame code' (sent) = 3 (probable illness falling on the ground residual body movements)

d) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user while he is sleeping in bed", with body-module (l) not on but placed under the "pillow" of the bed:

d.1) "at home" user: see point a.1)

d.2) body-module (1) "taken in hand":

- skin electrical circuit (9) c h i u s o (in the previous minutes) and / o "and / or sensor (30) with very high variations

d.3) body-module placed in a horizontal position under the pillow of the bed:

- tilt switch (11) "horizontal" on "" and switch 11 vertical "in" or f - body module "no longer in hand": skin electrical circuit (9) open and / o "and / or sensor (30) without very high variations

d.4) "initial" detection of the user's body movements (= he "went to bed") - "human presence" sensor (30) with significant variations

- detection, within the first 4-5 minutes (starting from when the horizontal inclination switch (11) goes "on") of "cushion movement" (detected by the "variations" detected by the sensor (30) and / or by the compass ( 6) and / or the pedometer (5)):

* if sensor (30) detects significant variations compared to previous values = the user has gone to bed; I can also (optionally) turn on the compass (6): if "rotation angle changes" within 2 minutes then user "lying in bed", otherwise "not lying down" or "not moving" (this doubt will be solved thanks to the values detected by the sensor (30): if there are significant and frequent variations then the user "moves" in the bed); compass (6) switched off and switched on again after a few minutes (for new optional check) d.5) detection of persistent absence of movement of the "cushion", during rest; that is: - if, for several minutes (e.g. 60 or more), the sensor (30) does not detect significant changes in values, and if the compass (6) (see below) also does not detect changes = "pre-alarm" ( point d.6) - switching on (optional) of the "compass" (6): if there are "variations of angle", then everything is regular; compass switch-off (it will then be switched on again for example after an hour); if, on the other hand, there are no variations in the angle of rotation "for at least (eg.) 30 minutes (or more), then:

d.6) activation of the 'pre-alarm' procedure:

buzzer (18) led (19) to "turn off" (in case of false alarm) or with (7) and (8) or with movement of the cushion (changes in sensor values (30) and / or compass angle (6) and / or pedometer (5), i.e. with on / off oscillations)

- if keys (7) and (8) "not pressed" and "no cushion movement", activation of "alarm":

-sending phone calls or sms to pre-established remote users, via mobile phone module (28) -alarm code (sent) = 4 (probable lack of movement of the user while he is sleeping in bed)

e) automatic alarm of "possible illness of the user who has not returned to bed after having descended" (during the night): see case d);

- the difference in evaluation with respect to case d) will be given by the magnitude of the "variations" of the sensor (30) and 10 of the values of the angle of notation of the compass (6) (between several successive measurements) which, when the user goes down or goes back to bed, they will be very different from those detected when the user is sleeping in bed (due to a greater proximity of the user to the sensor (30) and a greater colicenter pressure on a "narrower" area of the mattress) . So if the sensor (30) and 10 the compass (6) would detect the "descent" of the user from the bed (the sensor (30) and 10 the compass (6) would no longer detect significant changes in values) and then (again thanks to the values of the variations of (30) and 10 (6)) no longer detect his "return to bed" (ie no longer significant and sudden variations for a certain pre-established time limit), the microprocessor (2) will activate the usual pre-alarm procedure (see point d.6)) which will then be followed by the "alarm" one, if the user has not demonstrated (within a certain predetermined period of time) that he is in "normal and reactive" conditions and 10 that he has returned to bed .

t) control of the passage of status from the body-module "not on" the user and placed on a piece of furniture or under the pillow of the bed, to the module again "on the user"

f.1) user "at home": see point a.1)

f.2) body module "not on" the user and "resting on" furniture or pillow-bed: body-module "taken in hand": skin electrical circuit (9) "closed" and / or sensor (30) with very high pedometer variations (5) to "on" at least one "horizontal" tilt switch (11) change of state "on / off" (module (l) above mobile or under the pillow), and then - body module (1 ) "no longer in hand (cutaneous electrical circuit (9)" open "and / or sensor (30) without high variations), and then

- if pedometer (5) immediately in "or for many seconds and if then also compass (6) in" or for a few seconds and if horizontal switch (11) in "on" = module (1) resting "on a piece of furniture" ( in this case the compass (6) will then be switched off and the rest of the module will also be in "stand-by condition"); instead:

- if pedometer (5) in "on" and / or compass (6) "with angle variations" even for a few seconds = module resting "under the pillow" (see point d): "user in bed"); to safely ascertain the presence of module (l) under the pillow, there will then be other important checks with sensor (30) (= user in bed or not)

For more details read below, the so-called "2.a fundamental condition" f.3) "return" of the body-module (1) again "on top" of the user:

- body module "taken in hand: closed skin electrical circuit (9) and / or sensor (30) with very high variations in pedometer (5) in and / or compass (6) with variations, and then: - horizontal switch (11) in off and vertical to on (module (1) in "vertical" position), and - body module (1) "no longer in hand: skin electrical circuit (9) open and / or sensor (30) without high variations, and then

- pedometer (5): remains in "on" (the compass (6) will be turned on only if the pedometer (5) is in "off" for at least 3 consecutive minutes)

-switch (11) "horizontal to" off and "vertical * to" on "(module in" vertical "position) g) detection of possible" illness "even with body module" not on "and user" m in bed and "not out of home"

g.1) "at home" user: see point a.1)

9.2) body-module "not addosson: see point f.2)

9.3) user "not in bed": pedometer (5) in "ofi 'e10 compass (6)" "no angle changes" 9.4) periodic activation (e.g. every 60 min.) Of the buzzer (18) led (19) from turn off using the keys (7) within a predetermined period (e.g. 1 minute)

g.6) if buzzer (18) led (19) "not off": activation of the "alarm" procedure (point a.4)) - alarm code sent = 5 (probable illness / module not overwhelmed, no response) h) user control "left home" with modlilo "not addosson and then" returned "

h.1) user control "out of casan with module" not on "

- body-module (1) "taken by handn: cutaneous electrical circuit (9): closed e10 sensor (30) with very high variations

- pedometer (5) in "onn (ie with on / off oscillations) and / or compass (6) with" angle - module-body "variations (1)" iion more in handon: skin electrical circuit (9) open e10 sensor (30) without high variations, and then

- pedometer (5) in "ofi '(ie without oscillations on / off) and / or compass (6)" without variations "of rotation angle

- switch (11) "horizontal in" onn and "vertical" in "o (module (1) in" horizontal "position, placed on a piece of furniture, table, etc.)

For more details read below, the so-called "4.a fundamental condition" h.2) "verification and control" procedure (to ascertain whether the user has really logged out):

- after a certain predetermined time (eg 5 minutes) from the verification of the condition of the module "resting on a piece of furniture", activation of the buzzer (18) and led (19) to be turned off; if they are "switched off" (using keys (7) (8)) it means that the user is at home (ie he has not gone out); - in case of "user at home": further and similar checks of the user's physical state: after (for example) 60 minutes (if the module (1) has remained above the furniture) from the use of the keys (7) (8).

If (7) (8) the buzzer (18) and led (19) are switched off (e.g. after the first 5 minutes of waiting), the microprocessor (2) will reactivate the buzzer (18) led (19) ( for scruple and further checks) after another 5 minutes (therefore a total of at least 10 minutes from when the module (1) was placed on a piece of furniture); if also in this case the buzzer (18) and led (19) are not switched off it means that the user has definitely "left casan by putting the module (1) in the" incorrect "position (eg above a piece of furniture); in fact it will be very rare the case in which in these 10 minutes of checks the user has remained at home and has had an "illness" (even in the first 5 minutes they are really too few-).

All the checks of point h.2) will not be carried out if the user activates the "anti-theft" function (see point x) below), which would mean that everything is normal. h.3) user control "returned home" with module "not on" (ie left at home): - altimeter (16): having always remained at home, continues to record slow and very small (or constant) changes in altitude altimetric and / or atmospheric pressure

- room temperature (17): having always remained at home, it continues to record slow and small (or constant) variations in temperature

- body-module (1) "taken in hand": cutaneous electrical circuit (9) closed and / or sensor (30) with very high variations

- pedometer (5) in "on" (= oscillations on / off) and / or compass (6) "with angle variations" -body-module (1) "no longer in hand" (ie put "on" the user): skin electrical circuit (9) open and / or sensor (30) without high variations

- switch (11) horizontal in "of" and vertical in on (module (1) in "vertical" position), I) user control "left home with module" on "and user 'returned home" with module "on"

i.1) "out of home" user with "on" module <:>

- pedometer (5) in "o ne / o compass (6) with (continuous and relevant)" variations "of angle-module 'altimeter" (16): with relevant and fast changes in altitude (atmospheric pressure) -module (17 ) of 'ambient temperature: with temperature values (strengthening) For more details read further on, the so-called "3.a fundamental condition" : see point a.3) a.4) - alarm code = 6 (probable illness / module against the user who has left the house) i.3) alarm due to aqression or illness:

- "manual" alarm by pressing key (8), e10

- "vocal" alarm via loud "scream" in microphone and sound module (20)

- alarm code = 7 (request for help from the user who has left the house)

i.4) "returned home" user with "on" form:

pedometer (5) in "W e10 compass (6) with angle" variations "smaller than point i.1) 'altimeter module' (16): returns more or less to the usual daily values (recorded before the user exited) and changes in altitude (or atmospheric pressure) much slower and much less pronounced (within several minutes there will be at most only 1-2 and maybe 3 meters of slow changes in altitude); within the closed environment (home, shop, office, etc.) the variations will be "minimal" and "slow" (max. 1-2, maybe 3 meters above sea level in several minutes), while when you go out (you usually go down or up the stairs) and go outdoors will be much more "consistent" and "faster" (several meters of variations in a few seconds)

- Ambient temperature module (17): returns more or less to the usual daily values (recorded before the user left) and no more appreciable variations (as in the "outdoors" case) (strengthening parameter)

- body-module (1) "not in handn: cutaneous electrical circuit (9)" open "e10 sensor (30) without very high variations

- switch (11) horizontal in "o ff vertical in" "(module (1) in" vertical "position) I) user control" out of the house "with module" on "and use of" means of transport "1.1) see point i.1); 1.2) see point i.2); 1.3) see point i.3);

1.4) user within "means of transport":

- compass (6): with "sensitive" and "fast" (in a short time) variations of the rotation angle-pedometer (5): with "few" variations (in a short time) of on / off status (few movements) - altimeter (16): with not high variations in atmospheric pressure (strengthening parameter)

n) generic "manual" alarm (due to illness and / or robbery and / or assault, etc.):

- by pressing the "red" alarm key (8) for at least 3-4 seconds (alarm key "confirmation signal" pressed by activating the acaline (18) + led (19) for a few seconds) "vocal-sound" alarm of the user unable to press the "manual alarm" keys - alarm activation by a loud "scream" near the microphone (20) of the body module (1) p) calculation of the daily (or periodic) level / frequency of "motor activity" user: - control "user at home '(see point a.1)) or' away from home" (see point h.1 or point i.1)) - calculation of the "number" of body / motor movements via the pedometer module (5)

- calculation "number" and "entity" of angle variations of the compass module (6)

-calculation of the number of significant and fast variations of human presence sensor values (30), with module (1) on the user (reinforcing)

-calculation of the level of mobility / motor activity, in the case of module (1) placed on a piece of furniture (not worn): by means of signals from the IR sensor (31) 'and human presence sensor (30) (reinforcing)

- if "little activity" compared to previous daily values: sending phone calls and / or sms of "warning to pre-established users

q) calculation of the level of "self-sufficiency / responsiveness of the user through" evaluation tests "and" precise actions "to be performed by the user

q.1) periodic "evaluation tests": to precise vocal "questions" of the device (1) (through a digital player (22) of voice messages) the user must "answer" by pressing the "yes" key (7) or the "no" key (8). The questions that will usually be addressed to the user will be simple and related to eg. his "name", his "sex", his "age", his "address", "today's date", etc .; all these data will have been previously recorded (vocally) with the digital recorder module (22). Given the "simplicity" of these questions, the user will never have to make a mistake (or very rarely); if eg. the user is called Mario and has 80 arini, to the question 'Are you Paul? "he will have to answer" no "(by pressing the relative key (8))' as well as he will have to answer" yes "(7) to the question" are you a male ? "and" no "(8) to that" are you 75 years old? ", and so on.

q.2) "precise actions" to be performed:

- 2 "control" keys (7) and (8) to be pressed "periodically" at the request of the microprocessor (2) 'by means of a "special voice message"

- control of the "correct" use of the module (1) when the user "leaves the house (see point h)) r) calculation of the" frequency "of" exits "of the user from the home (or from the place where he lives) - calculation "number of times the user" leaves the house "with" or "without" module (1) "on": see points h.1) and i.1)

- "duration" calculation of the exit: time (calculated using the timer-clock (4)) between the exit (see points h.1) or i.1)) and the "return" (see points h.3) ) or i.4)) at home (or elsewhere) s) case control of user "in the pelvis" (for body needs) with body-module "on"

-control movements of legs and 10 abdomen: by means of a pedometer (5) and 10 compass (6) and 10 sensor (30) and / or IR sensor (31); if "no body movement" (i.e. pedometer (5) and / or compass (6) and / or sensor (30) "stopped) for a few consecutive minutes: activation of the verification and pre-alarm procedure (see point a.4) )

t) control case of user in the "shower" or in the "bathtub":

- case of module (1) "resting" on a piece of furniture or horizontal plane: see point f.2) - control of possible user "illnesses": see point g)

u) "periodic" "biometric" surveys and checks (on voice request) or "at the user's choice" Periodically (through vocal warning messages) and at his choice, the user can carry out biometric tests to detect any "changes" of some parameters with the "usual" standard values (stored daily) of detection (obviously variable values for each user). To this end, it will be sufficient for the user to insert (for a few seconds, up to a vocal or acoustic message of "conclusion" of the biometric tests) in the 2, 3 or 4 internal slots / capsules / thimbles (23) the fingers (preferably the index and middle fingers of each hand).

By way of example, some "intervals" of biometric values are indicated below that could reveal a state of "criticality", emotional stress, nervousness and / or anxiety of the user: - heart rate = greater than 100 beats / minute;

- state of peripheral vasoconstriction (fingers) = low amplitude of the signal recorded by the photoplethysmographic sensor;

- skin electrical resistance (fingers) = less than 70-80 Kohms "peaks" in phasic activity - skin temperature (fingers) = less than 28-29 'C;

- blood oxygen saturation level (Sp02): less than 85-90% (optional). Rather than detecting the "absolute" values of the various biometric parameters, it will be important to measure any (consistent) "variations" (with respect to values usually measured in the user) and process them preferably in "combination" with "all" the other biometric parameters detected. v) optional "automatic" shutdown (for the sole purpose of reducing battery consumption) (via software) of most of the module (1) (the pedometer (5), the two inclination sensors (11), the IR sensor (31) and timer (4)), in case of:

v.1) module (1) "not on" the user (see point f.2)) and placed on a "horizontal plane" (mobile or other) and pedometer (5) compass (6) sensor (30) " stop "immediately" (therefore module (1) "no" under the pillow); the module (1) will then be "switched on" (eg every 60 minutes) to "control" the user by means of a buzzer (18) and led (19) to be switched off by means of the appropriate YES key (7);

v.2) user "left casan and module (1)" left at home "(see point h.1));

v.3) or "off" (optionally) periodically (eg for about 2-3 minutes) every time "pedometer" (5) detects "movimentin (ie switches back to" onn "state).

All these cases of automatic shutdown (via software) of the module (1) will be valid and possible only if the anti-theft function is not activated.

z) cases of "automatic" ignition of all the "rest" of the body module (1) having been "turned off automatically via softw e (see point v)), if:

- body module (l) "taken in hand (see point d.2)), or:

-switch (11) horizontal to off and switch (11) vertical to on: module (1) in "vertical" position, or

- user returned home and module taken in hand (see point h.3))

x) activation / deactivation of the anti-theft function

* anti-theft activated and deactivated: with secret code preferably typed on the keyboard (24) - IR sensor (31): if it goes to "on" after activation of "anti-theft" = activation of pre-alarm-human presence sensor (30) : if it goes to "on" after anti-theft activation = pre-alarm-microphone (20): if it goes to "on" after anti-theft activation = pre-alarm activation When the alarm is activated (the user then has some minute - e.g. 5 or less - to leave the house or move away from the module (1)): as soon as a sensor (IR (31) or sensor (30) or microphone (20)) is alarmed, it is sent via microprocessor ( 2), a pre-alarm signal to the external siren (21) (if installed) and the internal buzzer (18) of the module (1) activated; if within 15-20 seconds the (usual) " secret code ", the external siren (not receiving any alarm cancellation signal from the module (1)) will activate; furthermore the module (l), via the mobile phone module (28), will send a message Thu / alarm sms and finally it will activate (only at the end) the small internal siren (21). In the event that the user were to wear "gloves" (insulating) the condition of module (1) "taken in hand (since there would be no variations in skin electrical resistance (9)) will be detected by the sensor (30) which will ascertain, in this case, very high variations). The "codes" of the events sent, via telephone and 10 sms, to pre-established remote users are listed below:

1 = probable illness / user at home / absence of body movements

2 = probable illness / absence of movements fall on the ground without body movements 3 = probable illness / fall on the ground with body movements

4 = probable sickness / absence of movement of the user while in bed

5 = probable illness / module not on / no response via key

6 = probable illness / user who left the place where he lives or works

7 = alarm - request for help / user left the place where he lives or works

8 = manual home user alarm

9 = voice alarm / home user

10 = intrusion / theft alarm

11 = alert / user with little motor activity

12 = warned user with little psycho-physical reactivity-ability

13 = warning / user who left home a short time

14 = warning / power supply batteries being discharged

The invented device, for major commercial exploitation, can also be used (when possible) as a special "life-saving" mobile phone (which can be attached to the belt or elsewhere), also complete with interesting accessory functions such as compass, altimeter, counter, external temperature, clock. alarm clock (with Icd type "display" and / or "vocal" time signals), alarm siren and small light bulb. Often, in the text of the invention, the term "home" has been used which, however, means the "place where the user lives, stays or works (home, factory, hotel, hospital, prison, etc.). "basic conditions" of operation of the device

1.a) detection of user "At home", with body module (l) "on"

1.1) user "at home; condition detected through the following parameters:

-altimeter (16) = no "high and fast" changes in altitude (important)

- room temperature (17) = constant or slightly variable for several minutes (reinforcing) 1.2) with module (1) "on" (not resting on a piece of furniture, bedside table or under the pillow) and not picked up:

cutaneous electrical circuit (9) open / off and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement without very high variations

- 11 "horizontal" tilt switch: in "o"

- tilt switch) "vertical: in" on "

- pedometer (5) compass (6) = onl variations of angle and / or number of steps (strengthening) - infrared sensor (31): detects the presence of the user's face (strengthening)

"Fundamental" parameters to automatically ascertain the 1.a) condition:

- altimeter (16): no fast changes (main)

- tilt switch (1 l) "horizontal": in "off

- "vertical" tilt switch (1): in "on"

2.a) detection of user "at home" and with "not on" module

2.1) user "at home"; condition detected through the following parameters: see point 1.1) 2.2) with module "not on (placed on a piece of furniture, bedside table or under the pillow):

2.2.1) body module "taken by hand; condition detected by the following parameters: - skin electrical circuit (9): closed / on and / or sensor (30) of" human presence and / or movement "with" very high "variations

- step counter (5) compass (6) = on / changes in angle and / or number of steps (while module (1) is "taken in hand")

-Tilt switch (11) "horizontal: quick change of" off / on "status

- "vertical" tilt switch (11): quick change of state "on / off '

2.2.2) then module (1) "no longer in hand" (placed on top of the furniture or under the cushion)

- skin electrical circuit (9) open / off and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement without significant variations

- tilt switch (11) "horizontal": remains in the same previous state ("on") <-> tilt switch (11) "vertical": remains in the same previous state ("off ') - pedometer (5) compass (6 ) = off / no changes in angle and / or number of steps

2.3) "home attendance" (strengthening)

- if IR sensor (31) in "on", and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" with significant variations, and / or microphone (20) in "on"

Furthermore (to reduce the consumption of the device (1)):

- if the sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" with significant variations, and if the pedometer (5) then goes to "off" for many seconds and if then the compass (6) also goes to "off" for several seconds = module (1) placed on a piece of furniture or bedside table (in this case the compass (6) will be turned off and the rest of the standby module as well); instead :

- if the pedometer (5) remains in "on" even for a few seconds and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" with high variations = module (1) placed under the pillow (the compass (6) will be turned on only after pedometer in "off" for several minutes); moreover the time will be checked (if rest time or not).

"Fundamental" parameters to automatically ascertain the 2.a) condition:

-altimeter (16): no fast variations (main)

- skin electrical circuit (9): closed and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement with very high variations

- horizontal tilt switch: fast "off / on" status change

- vertical tilt switch: fast "on / off" status change

- pedometer (5) compass (6): onlvariations of angle and / or number of steps (when "in hand"); and then

- skin electrical circuit (9) open / off and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" without significant variations

- "horizontal:" tilt switch on

- "vertical:" tilt switch o

3.a) detection of user "away from home and with module 'on"

3.1) if "altimeter" (16): changes in height (minimum / - 3-4 meters) in a few seconds = user "left home" with module (1) "on (important!), And / or

* if discrete variations in "ambient temperature (17) = user left home (reinforcement) 3.2) body module (1): not" taken in hand "(skin electrical circuit (9) = open / off and / or sensor (30 ) of "human presence and movement without high variations)

3.3) pedometer (5): in "on" (the compass (6) remains off and module rest (1) in standby) 3.4) "horizontal" tilt switch: "or

3.5) "vertical" tilt switch: "on"

- pedometer (5) compass (6) = onlvariations of angle and / or number of steps (reinforcing) "Fundamental" parameters to automatically ascertain the 3.a) condition:

- altimeter (16): yes fast variations (main)

- pedometer (5) and / or compass (6): "on" / variations (at least when the altimeter has variations) - horizontal tilt switch: off

- tilt switch: on

4.a) detection of user "out of home and with module left" to casan (not on) 4.1) user "out of home with module" left to casan:

-altimeter (16): no "fast" changes in altitude (important)

- room temperature (17): constant for several minutes (strengthening)

4.2) body module (l) "resting" on a piece of furniture:

4.2.1) body module "taken in hand":

- skin electrical circuit (9): closed with e10 sensor (30) of "human presence e10 movement with very high variations

- pedometer (5) compass (6), for a few seconds: changes in angle and number of steps - inclination switch (11) "horizontal: fast change of state" off / on "

- indination switch (l l) "vertical: fast change of state" on / off '

4.2.2) then module (1) "no longer in hand (placed on top of the cabinet):

- skin electrical circuit (9) open / off and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" without high variations

- tilt switch (11) "horizontal": remains in the same previous state ("on") - tilt switch (11) "vertical": remains in the same previous state ("or) - pedometer (5) compass (6): remain in '' or (no variations)

4.2.3) "no home attendance:

-sensor (31) IR: in "o

-microphone (20): in "o

- "human presence and / or movement" sensor (30): without significant variations

-no buzzer (18) turned off (after the first "5 minutes of uncertainty", ie with module (1) resting on a piece of furniture without it being known yet whether the user is at home or not) Furthermore:

-if module (1) "taken in hand and then" off ": everything is in order, module" not on "-if module" taken in hand "and then" anti-theft "activated (with" precise word "or with secret key code ): all regular, form "not on

'Fundamental' parameters to automatically ascertain the 4.a) condition:

- altimeter (16): no fast changes (main)

- skin electrical circuit (9): closed / on and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" with very high variations (= module (1) taken in hand)

- horizontal tilt switch (11): fast "off / on" status change

- vertical tilt switch (11): quick change of "on / off" status

- pedometer (5) compass (6): on / changes in angle and / or number of steps (when module (1) is "in hand)

- skin electrical circuit, (9) open / off and / or sensor (30) of "human presence and / or movement" without high variations

- horizontal tilt switch (11): "on"

- vertical tilt switch (1): "off '

- no presence in the house: sensor (31) IR in "off microphone (20) in" off "sensor (30) for" human presence and / or rain "without significant variations buzzer (l 8): not switched off In the description of the invention often refers to the "home of the user, but this term must be understood as the generic" closed place "where the user lives and / or works and / or stays: therefore homes, offices, shops, etc. .

ATTENTION: it is understood, however, that the invention must not be considered limited to the particular arrangement illustrated up to now, which constitutes only an exemplary embodiment thereof, but that various variants will be possible, all within the reach of a person skilled in the art, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention itself, as defined by the following.

Claims (57)

R I V E N D I C A Z I O N I 1) Control and safety method for device (1) associated with any user, preferably elderly and / or sick, who usually lives and / or works "alone", characterized by the fact of including, said method, at least the steps of: - verification and identification of "human" presences and / or movements, such as parts of the user's body and / or third persons, in the immediate vicinity of the control and safety device (1) associated with the user; - check the condition of the control and safety device (1), "taken in hand; - check the condition of the control and safety device (1) "attached to the user or" not attached, but placed on a piece of furniture or applied under the bed pillow; - control of the user when "resting in bed, without the control and safety device (1) being applied" to him; - verification of possible emergency situations, dangers and illnesses of the user, both during the day and during the night; - verification, control and management of any "false alarms"; - storage and processing of the various verification and detection information; -activation of one or more "warning and alarm" procedures in case of warnings, emergencies and detection of very critical situations. 2) Method as in 1, characterized by the fact that the verification and identification of presences and 10 "human1" movements such as parts of the user's body and 10 third persons in the immediate vicinity of the control and safety device (1) associated with the user includes at least one sensor (30) for detecting the presence e10 movement of "human body", arranged inside said device (1), detecting said sensor (30) "fast and significant variations of its electrical parameters" only in the presence of parts of the user's body e10 of lands moving people in its vicinity. 3) Method as in I, characterized by the fact that the user's control when "resting in bed", without the control and safety device being applied "on" him, comprises at least one sensor (30) for detecting presence and / or movement of "human body", said sensor (30) being arranged inside said device (1). 4) Method as in claim 3, characterized in that said sensor (30) for detecting the presence and / or movement of "human body", when used to control the user who "rests in bed", is applied under the "pillow "of the user's bed, thus being able to control the user without the safety and control device being annoyingly applied to him during the rest time of the user. 5) Method as in claim 4, characterized in that said sensor (30). when applied under the pillow of the user's bed, it detects "fast and significant" variations, compared to previous values, when the head and / or the rest of the user's body and / or the pillow itself move, moving away and approaching to said sensor (30). 6) Method as in claim 4, characterized by the fact that said sensor (30), when applied under the pillow of the user's bed, detects rapid and significant variations with respect to previous values, even when the user gets up and moves away from the read and / or you return. 7) Method as in claim 4, characterized by the fact that said sensor (30), when used to control the user resting in bed, detects "the persistent absence of significant variations with respect to previous values, when the pillow, the head and the user's body does not move for a very long time, indicating the user's dangerous and continuous "absence of body movements". 8) Method as in claim 3, characterized by the fact that said sensor (30), when used to control the user resting in bed, can also be applied near the user's bed, preferably above the bedside table or on the edge of the bed , and detecting, said sensor (30), fast and significant variations, with respect to previous values, when the user gets out of bed and / or returns there. 9) Method as in claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant changes in values of said sensor (30) are also used to detect the user's hands / arms moving near said control device (1) and safety. 10) Method as in claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant variations in values of said sensor (30) are also used to detect the approach of third persons to said control and safety device (1), with the user stopped. 11) Method as in claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant variations in values of said sensor (30) are also used to detect that said control and safety device (1) is "taken in hand" by the user . 12) Method as in 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant variations in values of said sensor (30) are also used to detect "presence of movements in the house", with said control and safety device (1) not on the user but placed on a piece of furniture. 13) Method as in 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant variations of the values of said sensor (30) are also used to detect "persistent absence of body movements" of the user, and / or the level of his " motor activity ". 14) Method as in 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant changes in the values of said sensor (30) are also used to detect any dangers, such as "intrusion of strangers" in the place to be controlled, when the function is activated "anti-theft" in said control and security device (1). 15) Method as in the previous claims, characterized by the fact that one of the electrical parameters of said sensor (30), which will undergo "fast and high variations" in the presence of parts of the user's body and / or of people moving in the immediate proximity of the control and safety device (1), is the capacitance (preferably measured in picofarads) of a "variable virtual capacitor (30b). 16) Method as in 15, characterized by the fact that the two plates of said "virtual variable capacitor" (30b) consist of an "antenna" (30a) and the "body" of the user and / or any third persons present in the immediate vicinity of the sensor (30). 17) Method as in 15, characterized by the fact that the capacity of said "variable virtual capacitor '(30b) will increase in the event that parts of the user's body and 10 of any third persons approach the antenna (30a) and will decrease in case of their removal. 18) Method as in 15 and 16, characterized by the fact that said "variable virtual capacitor '(30b) is preferably associated with two radiofrequency oscillators, one (30d) operating at a fixed frequency and the other (30c) directly connected to said capacitor (30b) and therefore operating at variable frequency. 19) Method as in claim 18, characterized by the fact that, to improve the sensitivity and range of action of said sensor (30), said two radiofrequency oscillators will then be associated with a "mixer '' circuit (309) to determine the value of the "difference" between the two working frequencies of said oscillators. 20) Method as in 19, characterized by the fact that when the value of the frequency (in Hertz), obtained from the "difference between the two working frequencies of said oscillators (30c) and (30d) 'will be in" fast and high increase " it will mean that one or more parts of the user's body and / or third persons will be "approaching said sensor (30), and vice versa, when said frequency" decreases rapidly ", said one or more parts of the user's body and 10 third people will be moving away from the sensor (30). 21) Method as in 19 and 20, characterized by the fact that when the value of said frequency, obtained from the "difference" between the two working frequencies of said oscillators (30c) and (30d), after the detection of fast and high variations , it will then become "fairly constant or in any case slowly variable" will mean that said one or more parts of the user's body and 10 third persons are far enough away from the sensor (30), that is from the control and safety device (1). 22) Method as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the user's control when "resting in bed", without the control and safety device (1) being applied "on" him, also comprises, when said device (1 ) is applied above the bedside table or on the edge of the bed, also the use of a sensor (31) preferably with "passive infrared" which will detect when the user gets out of bed and 10 returns there. 23) Method as in 1 and 22, characterized by the fact that said "passive infrared" sensor (31) is also used to detect the presence and level of "motor activity" of the user in the place where he lives and / or works ( home, office, etc.), when the security and control module (1) is not on the user and when the "anti-theft" function is "disabled". 24) Method as claimed in claim 22, characterized in that said "passive infrared" sensor (31) is also used to detect dangers such as possible "intrusion of strangers", when the anti-theft function is "activated". 25) Method as in 1, in which said verification of possible states of emergency, dangers and illnesses of the user, both during the day and during the night, consists in detecting "automatic" alarms such as detecting the persistent "absence of body movements "of the user. 26) Method as in claim 1, in which said verification of possible states of emergency, dangers and illnesses of the user, both during the day and during the night, also consists in detecting "automatic" alarms such as the " user, through one or more inclination sensors (11) and 10 fall sensor (12). 27) Method as in claim 1, in which said verification of possible states of emergency, dangers and illnesses of the user during the night, consists in detecting "automatic" alarms such as the "non-return to bed" of the user, after having descended from them. 28) Method as in claim 1, in which said verification of possible states of emergency, dangers and illnesses of the user, both during the day and during the night, consists in detecting manual alarms "launched by the user by means of keys (7 ) and (8) and / or by means of loud screams emitted near the device (1). 29) Method as in claim 1, characterized by the fact that said control and safety method for device associated with any user, also comprises the following further steps: - verification, by means of control and safety device (1) associated with the user, of the as a user "inside" or "outside" the place where he lives and / or works; - verifies the status of user "to the estemon of the place where he lives or works and within a means of transport"; - verification, by means of a control and safety device (1) associated with the user, of the status of a user "returned to the place where he lives and / or works, after having left it; - further processing and storage of data and information. 30) Method as in 1 and 29, characterized by the fact that said control and safety method for device (1) associated with any user, also comprises the following further steps: - further checks of the condition of the control and safety device (1) "taken in hand"; - further condition checks of the control and safety device (1) temporarily "not associated" directly with the user; - further condition checks of the control and safety device (1) associated "with the user's bed"; - further verifications of the condition of the control and safety device (1) associated with a - further verifications of the condition of "persistent absence of body movements" with control and safety device (l) associated with the user; - further verification of the persistent condition of "absence of body movements" during "bed rest" time, without the control and safety device (1) being "directly" associated with the user; - further verification of the condition of the user "not returned to bed after having descended"; - verifies the condition of "help request of" vocal-sound "type; - verifies the user's "reactivity and psycho-physical ability" conditions; - further verification of calculation of the level of "motor activity" of the user; - further checks of control and management of any "false alarms; - further processing and storage of data and information; - activation of further warning and alarm procedures. 31) Method as in 29, in which said user verification "inside" or "outside the place where he lives or works consists in detecting and processing the" variations "of" altitude "or" atmospheric pressure ", by means of a suitable detection module preferably of the "altimeter" type (16), said module (16) being placed inside the device (1) associated with the user. 32) Method as in 31, in which when said "variations" of "altitude" or "atmospheric pressure", detected through the "altimetron (16) 'module, they will be quite" relevant "and" fast "will indicate that the user is "out" of the place where he lives or works. 33) Method as in 29 and 31, in which said user verification "inside" or "outside" of the place where he lives or works also consists in detecting the "variations" of "ambient temperatureJ ', by means of an electronic ambient temperature detection (17), said module (17) being placed inside the device (1) associated with the user. 34) Method as in 29 and 31, in which said user verification "outside" the place where he lives or works and inside a "means of transport", consists in detecting variations of said altimeter module (16) and significant and multiple "variations in the angle of rotation of an" electronic compass module (6) and the absence or almost no oscillations of the onloff type of a "pedometer" type motion detection module (5), both of these modules being placed inside the device (1) associated with the user. 35) Method as in 29, in which said user verification "returned" to the place where he lives and works, after leaving it, consists in detecting "small and slow" changes in altitude (or atmospheric pressure) of said altimeter module (16 ), with pressure values quite similar to those recorded before the user exited, and "small and slow" variations of said ambient temperature module (17), with temperature values quite similar to those recorded before the user came out. 36) Method as in claim 30, in which said further verification of the device (1) associated with the user "taken in hand" consists in "closing", by means of contact with one or two hands, a branch of electrical circuit (9) composed from two or more electrodes and then measure the relative value of "cutanean electrical resistance," to avoid errors or false evaluations. 37) Method as in claim 30, in which said further verification of the device (1) associated with the user "not taken in hand does not consist in leaving" open, or indeed "not close with the contact of the hand", the branch of electrical circuit (9 ) consisting of two or more electrodes and therefore "does not" measure any real value of "skin electrical resistance". 38) Method as in claim 30, in which said further device verification (1) temporarily "not applied" to the user consists in detecting said device (1) "taken in hand" and then "placed" on a "piece of furniture" or under the "pillow" of the "bed" of the place where he lives or works. 39) Method as in claim 38, wherein said further device verification (1) "resting on a" furniture or under the "pillow of the bed consists in detecting the" durable "on" condition of at least one horizontal tilt switch (1 l), arranged in such a way as to pass to the access state only when the device (1) is placed on a horizontal surface. 40) Method as in claim 38, wherein said further verification of device (1) "resting" on a "piece of furniture" consists in detecting the immediate "absence" of variations in the angle of rotation of the electronic compass module (6) e10 of onloff oscillations by the pedometer type module (5). 41) Method as in claim 38, wherein said further verification of device (1) "resting" under the "pillow" of the bed consists in detecting "variations" of the angle of rotation of the "electronic compass" module (6) and / or onloff oscillations of the "pedometer" module (5), due to the pressure exerted on the pillow by the various movements of the user while he is sleeping. 42) Method as in claim 30, in which said further verification of the user's associated device (1) 01 bed "consists of detecting, initially, the condition of the device (1)" taken in hand ", then that of" on / off " of at least one inclination switch (11) positioned so as to turn on only if the device (1) is placed in a "horizontal or almost" position, and finally that of detecting the "variations" of the angle of rotation of the module a " electronic compass "(6). 43) Method as in claim 30, in which said further verification of persistent "absence of body movements" of the user consists in detecting the condition of device (1) "not taken in hand" and of "persistent absence of variations" of the angle rotation of the electronic compass module (6) located inside the device (1) associated with the user. 44) Method as in 30 and 43, in which said further indication of persistent "absence of movements" of the user consists in detecting "persistent absence" of onloff oscillations of the "pedometer" type module (5) placed inside the device ( 1) associated with the user. 45) Method as in claim 30, in which said further confirmation of persistent "absence of movements" of the user, during the time of "bed rest, without the device (1) being" directly "applied to the user, consists in detecting the condition of a device (1) associated "with the bed", preferably "under the pillow," and of "persistent absence of variations in the angle of rotation of the" electronic compass module "(6). 46) Method as in 30 and 45, in which said user verification "not returned to bed after having descended from it" consists in detecting the condition of device (1) associated "with the bed", preferably "under the pillow, then a discrete" increase "of the" variations "of the angle of rotation of the" electronic compass module (6) and finally a "persistent absence" of said angle variations. 47) Method as in claim 30, in which said "request for help" of the "vocal-sound" type consists in making a "loud scream" near the microphone (20) inserted inside the device (1) associated with the user. 48) Method as in claim 30, wherein said verification of the user's "reactivity and psychophysical abilityJJ" conditions consists in periodically evaluating the state of normal reactivity and knowledge of the user by means of special "vocalin tests". 49) Method as in 48, in which said "vocal tests" consist of "simple vocal questions" addressed to the user, to which he must answer with a "yes" or "no" by pressing appropriate keys (7) and (8 ). 50) Method as in 30, in which said verification of the user's "reactivity and psychophysical ability" conditions also consists in periodically calculating the number of times the user has "left" the place where he lives or works. 51) Method as in claim 30, in which said verification of the user's "reactivity and psychophysical ability" conditions furthermore consists in periodically asking the user to press, within a predetermined period of time, a special control button. 52) Method as in 30, in which said verification of the conditions of "reactivity and psychophysical ability" of the user also consists in evaluating and periodically processing some biometric parameters, asking the user to preferably insert two or more fingers of the hand in special ' slots / capsules (23) located in the device (1) associated with the user. 53) Method as in 52, in which said "fessure1capsuleJJ (23) will contain senses and devices for detecting various biometric parameters such as heart rate (25), skin temperature (26) and skin electrical resistance (27) . 54) Method as in 1 and 30, in which said verification and management of any false alarms consists in requiring the user to perform a precise and determined action aimed at "canceling" the pre-alarm state created. 55) Method as in 54, in which said "precise and determined action consists in pressing one or more keys / buttons (7) and (8) to stop / deactivate an" audible (18) and "optical" (19) warning pre-alarm. 56) Method as in 1 and 30, in which all the data relating to the checks and surveys carried out will be forwarded, stored and processed in an "electronic control unit" of processing inside the device (1) for the activation of any subsequent " warning e10 alarm ". 57) Method as in 56, in which said "warning and / or alarm" procedures consist in sending, via cellular telephone module (28), pre-recorded telephone calls and / or messages / sms to pre-established "remote 'users and / or in activating a siren (21). -MACHINE (PRODUCT) CLAIMS 58) Control and safety device (1) applied to any user, preferably elderly and 10 sick, who live and 10 usually work "alone, characterized by the fact to include, said device (1): - means for verifying and identifying human presences and / or movements such as parts of the user's body and / or third persons, in the immediate vicinity of the control and safety device (1) associated with the user; - means for verifying the condition of the control and safety device (1), "taken in hand"; - means for verifying the condition of the control and safety device (1) "on" the user or " not on "but placed on a piece of furniture or applied under the cu bed sink; - means for controlling the user when "resting in bed, without the control and safety device (1) being applied" to him; - means for verifying possible states of emergency, dangers and illnesses of the user , both during the day and during the night; - means for verifying, controlling and managing any "false alarms"; - means for memorizing and processing the various verification and detection information; - means for activating one or more alert and / or alarm procedures in the event of warnings, emergencies and / or detection of very critical situations. 59) Device (1) as in 58, characterized by the fact that said means for verifying and identifying "human" presences and / or movements, such as parts of the user's body and / or third persons, in the immediate vicinity of the device ( 1) for control and safety associated with the user, comprise at least one sensor (30) for detecting the presence and / or movement of a "human body", arranged inside said device (1), detecting said sensor (30) "variations fast and significant of its electrical parameters "only" in the presence of parts of the user's body and / or third persons moving in its vicinity. 60) Device (1) as in 59, characterized by the fact that said sensor (30) is preferably composed of at least one variable virtual capacitor (30b), the armature of which is composed of a nearby "human body" and a "antenna (30a), two radio frequency oscillators, one (30d) operating at a fixed frequency and the other (30c) directly connected, via antenna (30 a), with said virtual capacitor (30b) and therefore operating at variable frequency, and by a "mixer" circuit (309) used to determine the value of the "difference" frequency between the two working frequencies of said oscillators (30c) and (30d), said frequency being then "difference increasing, in case of" people "approaching said sensor (30), and decreasing in case of their removal. 61) Device (1) as in claim 60, characterized by the fact that said antenna (30a) will preferably be applied and positioned in the container of the device (1), so that the "wall" (external or internal) containing the keyboard (24), ie the wall usually touched by the user's hands, also acts as the antenna of said sensor (30). 62) Device (1) as in claim 58, characterized in that said means for controlling the user when "resting in bed, without the control and safety device (1) being applied" to him, comprise said at least a sensor (30) for detecting the presence and / or movement of the human body, applied under the pillow of the bed. 63) Device (1) as in claim 58, characterized by the fact that said means for controlling the user when "resting in bed, without the control and safety device (1) being applied" to him ", comprise said at least a sensor (30) for detecting the presence and / or movement of the human body, applied over the bedside table or over the edge of the bed, near the user's head. 64) Device (1) as in claims 58 and 62, characterized by the fact that said sensor (30) for detecting the presence and / or movement of a "human body," controls, with its fast and significant variations in values (frequency and / or capacity and / or tension), whether or not the user, during his bed rest, has a "persistent absence of body movements". 65) Device (1) as in 58 and 62, characterized by the fact that said sensor ( 30) detection of the presence and / or movement of "human body", checks, with its fast and significant variations in values (frequency and / or capacity and / or voltage), if the user, during his bed rest , has descended from the bed, moving away. 66) Device (1) as in 58 and 62, characterized in that said sensor (30) for detecting the presence and / or movement of the "human body, controls, with its fast and significant variations of values (frequency and / or capacity and / or voltage), if the user, during his bed rest, has returned to bed, do may have descended from it. 67) Device (1) as in claim 59, characterized in that said means for verifying and identifying "human" presences and / or movements, also comprise at least one "passive infrared" sensor (31), which will be activated when the device (1) will not be on the user. 68) Device (1) as in claim 58, characterized by the fact that said means for verifying the control and safety device (1) 'taken in hand' comprise said sensor (30) which will detect very high and fast variations of values ( frequency and / or capacitance and / or voltage), each time the device (1) is taken and / or touched with the hand. 69) Device (1) as in claim 58, characterized in that said means for checking control and safety device (1) on the user, include said sensor (30) which will detect "high" and fast variations of values (frequency and / or capacitance and / or voltage) due to the presence of the body of the user very close to said sensor (30). 70) Device (1) as in claim 58, characterized in that said means for verifying the control and safety device (1) "not on" the user, but resting on a piece of furniture comprise said sensor (30) which, once placed on a piece of furniture, it will not detect higher and faster variations of values (frequency and / or capacity and / or voltage) as in the case of device (l) on the user. 71) Device (1) as in claim 58, characterized by the fact that the fast and significant variations in values of said sensor (30), when the device (1) is placed on a piece of furniture, are also used to detect the level of "activity movement of the user in the place where he lives and / or works (home, office, etc.). 72) Control and safety device (1) as in 58, characterized by the fact that you also include: - means for verifying the user "inside or" outside the place where he lives and / or works; - means for verifying the user "outside the place where he lives or works and inside a" means of transport "; - means for verifying the user "returned to the place where he lives and / or works, after being there - means for further processing and storage of data and information. 73) Control and safety device (1) as in 58 and 72, characterized by also comprising: - means for further verification of device (1) "taken in hand"; - means for further verification of device (1) temporarily "not associated" directly with the user; - means for further verification of device ( 1) associated "with the user's bed; - means for further verification of the device (1) associated with a "piece of furniture or horizontal plane" of the place where the user lives and / or works; - means for further verification of "persistent absence of body movements", with control and safety device (1) associated with the user; - means for further verification of persistent "absence of body movements" during "rest in bed" time, without the control and safety device (1) being "directly" associated with the user; - means for further user verifications "not returned to bed after descending "; -means for verifying the" vocal-sound "type of" help request "; -means for verifying the user's" psycho-physical reactivity and ability; - means for further verification of calculation of the level of "motor activity" of the user; - means for further verification of control and management of any "ialsi alarms"; - means for further processing and storage of data and information; - means for activating further warning and / or alarm procedures. . 74) Control and safety device (1) as in 72, characterized by the fact that said means for verifying the user "inside" or "outside" the place where he lives or works, comprise a " "altimeter" variations, or atmospheric pressure, preferably of the "altimeter" type (16). 75) Control and safety device (1) as in claim 74, characterized in that said means for verifying the user "inside or" outside the place where he lives or works, further comprise an electronic module for detecting " ambient temperature "(17), complete with probe and attached control logic. 76) Control and safety device (1) as in 72, characterized in that said means for verifying the user inside a "means of transport," comprise an "altimeter" module (16) for varying atmospheric pressure, an "electronic compass" module (6) composed of one or more magnetoresistive sensors, and a "pedometer" type body movement detection module (5) composed of an onloff oscillation mechanism. 77) Control and safety device (1) as in 72, modified by the fact that said means for verifying a user "returned" to the place where he lives and / or works, after leaving the site comprise said "altimeter" module (16) whose values will settle, with slow variations over time, approximately around the values detected before the user exited. 78) Control and safety device (1) as in 72, characterized by the fact that said means for verifying the user "inside or" outside the place where he lives and / or works also comprise an electronic module for detecting "ambient temperature" (17), the extent and speed of which changes will indicate whether the user is inside or outside said place. 79) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized by the fact that said means for further checks of device (1) "taken in hand" and / or "resting on a piece of furniture" and / or "user fallen into terran, correspond to one or more inclination sensors (11) of the on / off type. 80) Control and safety device (1) as in 79, characterized in that said inclination sensors (11) of the onloff type are preferably two, one of the "horizontal" type and one of the "vertical" type. 81) Control and safety device (1) as in 80, characterized by the fact that said inclination sensors (11) of the on / off type are preferably composed of a mechanism with a small metal ball whose movement opens (off) and closes ( on) an electrical circuit. 82) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized by the fact that said means for further checking the device (1) associated with the user "taken in hand" also comprise two or more electrical electrodes (9) at the ends of which the "electrical resistance" value will be measured, a value possible only if these contacts are "closed", connected together, with one or two hands. 83) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized by the fact that said means for the further verification of device (1) temporarily "not applied to the user include two or more electrodes (9) for measuring the" electrical resistance skin "and then detect the condition of device (1)" taken in hand ", one or more" inclination switches "(11) and finally a" electronic compass module (6) to detect the device condition (1) " resting on a "furniture or under the" cushions of the bed. 84) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized in that said means for further checking the device (1) associated "to the bed" of the user , preferably under its cushion, comprise a horizontal inclination switch (11) positioned so as to turn on only if the device (1) is arranged in a "horizontal or almost" position, and an electronic compass module (6) for detect "variations" of the su or rotation angle caused by the user's movement in the bed. 85) Control and safety device (1) as in 73 and 84, characterized in that said means for checking the device (1) associated with the user's "bed" also comprise a "pedometer" type module (5) for the detection of macro-body movements through onloff oscillations caused by the user's movement in the bed. 86) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized in that said means for the further verification of device (1) associated on a "piece of furniture" comprise one or more "horizontal" inclination onloff switches (11) and "vertical", the "electronic compass" module (6) and / or the "pedometer" module (5). 87) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized by the fact that said means for the further verification of the persistent "absence of movements" of the device (1) applied to the user correspond to two or more electrodes (9) to measure the absence of real skin electrical resistance and therefore detect the condition of the device (1) "not taken in hand", and the "electronic compass" module (6) to detect the persistent absence of variations in the rotation angle to indicate absence of the user's body movements. 88) Control and safety device (1) as in 87, characterized by the fact that said means for the further verification of the persistent "absence of movements" of the device (1) applied to the user also comprise the macro-movements detection module body of the "pedometer" type (5). 89) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized by the fact that said means for verifying the "absence of movements" of the device (1) during the time of "bed rest" and / or when the user "has not returned in bed after having descended from it "they run the" electronic compass "module (6) to detect the absence of variations in its rotation angle to indicate even minimal movements of the bed. 90) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized in that said means for verifying "request for help of the" vocal-sonoron type, such as a 'Torte scream ", comprise a microphone (20). ) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized in that said means for verifying the conditions of "reactivity and psycho-physical ability" of the user comprise a digital "recorder and" reproducer (22) vocal messages to carry out periodic "evaluation tests" to the user, consisting of simple and precise "vocal questions." to which the user must answer "yes. or" no by pressing the appropriate keys (7) and (8). 92) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized by the fact that said means for checking the conditions of "reactivity and psycho-physical ability" of the user also comprise one or more "control keys" (7) and (8) to be pressed periodically at the voice request of the device (1). 93) Control and safety device (1) as in 73, characterized in that said means for verifying the user's "reactivity and psycho-physical ability1" conditions also comprise sensors and apparatuses for detecting biometric parameters. 94) Control and safety device (1) as in 93, characterized by the fact that said sensors and apparatuses for the detection of biometric parameters are installed inside special slots / capsules (23) in which to insert the fingers of the hands of the 'user. 95) Control and safety device (1) as in 93, characterized in that said sensors and apparatuses for detecting biometric parameters include a photoplethysmographic sensor (25), to detect the heart rate, two metal electrodes (27) to detect sweating / skin electrical resistance and a temperature probe (26) to detect the user's skin temperature. 96) Control and safety device as in 58 and 73, characterized in that said means for verifying and managing any 'false alarms' include one or more "keys / buttons" (7) and (8) to be pressed to switch off a buzzer (18) and a flashing warning and pre-alarm LED (19), thus canceling any false alarm states. 97) Control and safety device (1) as in 58, 72 and 73, characterized by the fact that said means for processing and storing all the information coming from the various sensors and verification and detection apparatuses comprise a "data processing and storage unit" mainly composed of microprocessor (2), memories (3), timer clock (4), various buses, input / output stages, output and data transmission connections, control logic stages and so on. 98) Control and safety device (1) as in 58, 72 and 73, characterized in that said means for activating one or more 'alarm' procedures comprise a telephony module (28). gsm / gprs type, to send pre-recorded phone calls and / 0 messages / sms of warning or alarm to pre-established remote users. 99) Control and safety device (1) as in 58, 72 and 73, characterized by the fact that said means to activate one or more "alarm" procedures also include a local "siren" (21) to alert the neighborhood in the event of an emergency.