IT201900006657A1 - Endovascular surgery robot equipped with an opto-haptic system to measure and represent the forces that oppose the advancement of a catheter or guide within the endovascular system - Google Patents

Endovascular surgery robot equipped with an opto-haptic system to measure and represent the forces that oppose the advancement of a catheter or guide within the endovascular system Download PDF

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Publication number
IT201900006657A1
IT201900006657A1 IT102019000006657A IT201900006657A IT201900006657A1 IT 201900006657 A1 IT201900006657 A1 IT 201900006657A1 IT 102019000006657 A IT102019000006657 A IT 102019000006657A IT 201900006657 A IT201900006657 A IT 201900006657A IT 201900006657 A1 IT201900006657 A1 IT 201900006657A1
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IT
Italy
Prior art keywords
catheter
force
guide
slave
endovascular
Prior art date
Application number
IT102019000006657A
Other languages
Italian (it)
Inventor
Guido Danieli
Pasquale Francesco Greco
Gabriele Larocca
Original Assignee
Guido Danieli
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guido Danieli filed Critical Guido Danieli
Priority to IT102019000006657A priority Critical patent/IT201900006657A1/en
Priority to PCT/IT2020/050109 priority patent/WO2020225839A1/en
Priority to EP20737294.7A priority patent/EP3993726A1/en
Publication of IT201900006657A1 publication Critical patent/IT201900006657A1/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
    • A61M25/0113Mechanical advancing means, e.g. catheter dispensers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0105Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
    • A61M25/0116Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning self-propelled, e.g. autonomous robots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • A61B2034/301Surgical robots for introducing or steering flexible instruments inserted into the body, e.g. catheters or endoscopes

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)

Description

Robot per chirurgia endovascolare dotato di sistema opto-aptico per misurare e rappresentare le forze che si oppongono all’avanzamento di un catetere o una guida all’interno del sistema endovascolare Endovascular surgery robot equipped with an opto-haptic system to measure and represent the forces that oppose the advancement of a catheter or guide within the endovascular system

Stato dell’arte State of the art

E’ noto che nella chirurgia endovascolare solitamente i medici spingono manualmente guide e cateteri all’interno del sistema arterioso o venoso del paziente, osservando sotto fluoroscopia l’avanzamento degli stessi. It is known that in endovascular surgery, doctors usually manually push guides and catheters into the patient's arterial or venous system, observing their progress under fluoroscopy.

In tali condizioni, possono accorgersi se il catetere o la guida si blocca, ma difficilmente riescono ad apprezzare il livello di resistenza che si oppone al moto. Inoltre sono stati proposti dei robot che tendono a separare il medico dal paziente, che al momento sono tuttavia privi di un sistema di misura delle forze. Tra questi sistemi robotici uno (ROSES, PCT/ IT2018/050209) è stato sviluppato dal gruppo di ricerca calabrese da me condotto, e ci siamo posti il problema di cercare di fornire un feedback sull’intensità delle forze in gioco. Under such conditions, they may notice if the catheter or guide becomes blocked, but are unlikely to appreciate the level of resistance opposing the motion. In addition, robots have been proposed that tend to separate the doctor from the patient, which at the moment however do not have a force measurement system. Among these robotic systems, one (ROSES, PCT / IT2018 / 050209) was developed by the Calabrian research group I led, and we set ourselves the problem of trying to provide feedback on the intensity of the forces involved.

Fortunatamente il nostro attuatore che spinge e ruota guide e cateteri è di piccole dimensioni, per cui è stato relativamente semplice incorporare il sensore di forza all’interno dello stesso, e trovare un modo per misurare la sola forza di penetrazione, senza essere disturbati dagli attriti interni. Fortunately, our actuator that pushes and rotates guides and catheters is small in size, so it was relatively easy to incorporate the force sensor inside it, and find a way to measure the force of penetration alone, without being disturbed by friction. interior.

Come è noto i sistemi aptici oppongono una forza all’avanzamento in modo da far avere all’utenza la sensazione di essere in presenza di un corpo che si oppone alla penetrazione. Dato che però le forze nel caso in considerazione sono molto piccole, diventa difficile dare al medico le possibilità di valutare effettivamente l’entità della forza stessa. Per questo, come del resto già scritto nella precedente domanda di brevetto 102017000114767_0, si era pensato ad una rappresentazione grafica della forza stessa, tramite colonnine sullo schermo che nascono quando la forza viene registrata e crescono in funzione dell’entità della forza stessa, magari cambiando colore. As is known, haptic systems oppose a force to the advancement in order to give the user the feeling of being in the presence of a body that opposes penetration. However, since the forces in the case under consideration are very small, it becomes difficult to give the doctor the opportunity to actually evaluate the magnitude of the force itself. For this reason, as already written in the previous patent application 102017000114767_0, it was thought of a graphic representation of the force itself, through columns on the screen that arise when the force is registered and grow according to the magnitude of the force itself, perhaps changing color.

Tuttavia nel citato brevetto i sensori di forza erano posti a fianco del motore, per cui avrebbero sostanzialmente misurato la coppia erogata dal motore, che deve anche vincere la resistenza del meccanismo interno, il che rendeva problematica la separazione della forza esercitata dal catetere da quella della trasmissione. Si è però trovato un modo per misurare solo la forza di avanzamento, come descritto nel paragrafo seguente. However, in the aforementioned patent the force sensors were placed next to the motor, so they would have substantially measured the torque delivered by the motor, which must also overcome the resistance of the internal mechanism, which made it difficult to separate the force exerted by the catheter from that of the transmission. However, a way has been found to measure only the feed force, as described in the following paragraph.

Descrizione della Realizzazione preferita. Description of the preferred embodiment.

L’idea di base è quella innanzi tutto di fissare solidalmente all’attuatore robotico, detto Slave, la valvola emostatica, mentre lo Slave stesso è fissato tramite perni dotati di cuscinetti a sfera a un’asta posta sopra lo Slave stesso, in modo da risultare basculante nella direzione perpendicolare a quella di moto del catetere (o guida che sia). Poi il sensore, posto all’interno dello Slave, viene collegato ad un punto fisso esterno in modo che lo Slave risulti debolmente inclinato in avanti,. In tale condizione sul sensore agisce una forza piuttosto debole dovuta appunto al mantenimento dello Slave in posizione inclinata. The basic idea is first of all to fix the hemostatic valve solidly to the robotic actuator, called Slave, while the Slave itself is fixed by means of pins equipped with ball bearings to a rod placed above the Slave itself, in order to be tilting in the direction perpendicular to that of motion of the catheter (or guide that is). Then the sensor, placed inside the Slave, is connected to an external fixed point so that the Slave is slightly tilted forward. In this condition a rather weak force acts on the sensor precisely due to the maintenance of the Slave in an inclined position.

Ora tutte le forze interne allo Slave sono auto-bilanciate e il sensore sente solo la forza trasmessa dal filo che lo tiene debolmente inclinato, costante e di piccola entità, che varia solo se vi è resistenza esterna all’avanzamento del catetere. Now all the forces inside the Slave are self-balanced and the sensor only feels the force transmitted by the wire that keeps it slightly inclined, constant and small, which varies only if there is external resistance to the advancement of the catheter.

Ciò è illustrato in Tavola 1, in cui si vede lo Slave (1) appeso all’asta superiore (2) e tirato da dietro da un filo (3) che lo collega ad una estensione della barra posteriore (4), mentre da davanti la valvola emostatica (5) è fissata allo Slave stesso. This is illustrated in Table 1, in which the Slave (1) is seen hanging from the upper rod (2) and pulled from behind by a wire (3) which connects it to an extension of the rear bar (4), while from the front the hemostatic valve (5) is fixed to the Slave itself.

Parimenti Tavola 2 mostra lo schema di una coppia di Slave montati a 90°, appesi al soliti perni superiori e tirati da un filo collegato al sensore che è questa volta posto tra i due Slave accoppiati, che sono come prima collegati alle valvole emostatiche, che nella fattispecie dovrebbero essere due collegate ad un unico catetere iniziale. Likewise, Table 2 shows the diagram of a pair of Slaves mounted at 90 °, hanging from the usual upper pins and pulled by a wire connected to the sensor which is this time placed between the two coupled Slaves, which are as before connected to the hemostatic valves, which in this case there should be two connected to a single initial catheter.

Come già precedentemente descritto, il sensore poi, collegato al microprocessore dello Slave, trasmette i suoi segnali alla Consolle del sistema, denominato Master, che li mostra sul suo schermo come colonnine di altezza crescente. As previously described, the sensor then, connected to the Slave's microprocessor, transmits its signals to the system console, called Master, which shows them on its screen as columns of increasing height.

Infine Tavola 3 mostra appunto il display del Master che esibisce la colonnina in questo caso orizzontale e crescente in funzione della forza applicata; ovviamente l’edizione definitiva potrà presentarsi in maniera diversa, così come potrebbe esserci una colonnina a destra ed una a sinistra per mostrare separatamente gli effetti degli avanzamenti del catetere (a sinistra) e della guida (a destra) ciò che importa è mostrare come potrebbe essere rappresentata l’entità della forza agente. Finally, Table 3 shows precisely the display of the Master which shows the column in this case horizontal and increasing according to the applied force; obviously the definitive edition will be presented in a different way, just as there could be a column on the right and one on the left to show separately the effects of the advances of the catheter (left) and the guide (right) what matters is to show how it could be represented the entity of the acting force.

Naturalmente potrà essere applicata all’uscita del trasduttore una qualche forma di filtraggio via software. Of course, some form of software filtering can be applied to the transducer output.

Claims (1)

Rivendicazioni. 1. Sistema robotico per chirurgia endovascolare dotato di sistema opto-aptico di misura delle forze che si oppongono all’avanzamento di guide e cateteri grazie al fatto che l’attuatore o gli attuatori del sistema (Slave), cui deve essere fissata anche la valvola emostatica, e internamente dotati di sensori di forza, sono appesi tramite cuscinetti a sfera o a rulli a una cerniera ad asse orizzontale, fissata al supporto del sistema e posta perpendicolarmente alla direzione di moto di guida o catetere, mentre un filo collegato al sensore di forza posto all’interno viene fissato ad un prolungamento posteriore della barra di fissaggio dell’apparecchiatura a fianco del letto operatorio, inclinando ulteriormente lo Slave, in modo da generare una piccola tensione sul filo che tiene lo Slave inclinato che sarà quindi registrata dal sensore e trasmessa alla consolle, chiamata Master, che ne visualizzerà l’entità della variazione causata dall’attrito incontrato da guida o catetere innalzando una colonnina sul display, che sarà di altezza crescente in funzione delle forza registrata, virando dal verde al rosso se tale forza diviene eccessiva. Claims. 1. Robotic system for endovascular surgery equipped with an opto-haptic system for measuring the forces that oppose the advancement of guides and catheters thanks to the fact that the actuator or actuators of the system (Slave), to which the valve must also be fixed hemostatic, and internally equipped with force sensors, are hung by means of ball or roller bearings to a hinge with a horizontal axis, fixed to the system support and placed perpendicular to the direction of motion of guide or catheter, while a wire connected to the force sensor placed inside it is fixed to a rear extension of the device fixing bar next to the operating bed, further tilting the Slave, so as to generate a small tension on the wire that holds the Slave tilted which will then be recorded by the sensor and transmitted to the console, called Master, which will display the extent of the variation caused by the friction encountered by the guide or catheter by raising a column on the display, which will increase in height according to the force recorded, turning from green to red if this force becomes excessive.
IT102019000006657A 2019-05-08 2019-05-08 Endovascular surgery robot equipped with an opto-haptic system to measure and represent the forces that oppose the advancement of a catheter or guide within the endovascular system IT201900006657A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000006657A IT201900006657A1 (en) 2019-05-08 2019-05-08 Endovascular surgery robot equipped with an opto-haptic system to measure and represent the forces that oppose the advancement of a catheter or guide within the endovascular system
PCT/IT2020/050109 WO2020225839A1 (en) 2019-05-08 2020-05-08 Opto-haptic system to measure and represent forces opposing catheter or guide wire penetration into the vascular system for robots for endovascular surgery
EP20737294.7A EP3993726A1 (en) 2019-05-08 2020-05-08 Opto-haptic system to measure and represent forces opposing catheter or guide wire penetration into the vascular system for robots for endovascular surgery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000006657A IT201900006657A1 (en) 2019-05-08 2019-05-08 Endovascular surgery robot equipped with an opto-haptic system to measure and represent the forces that oppose the advancement of a catheter or guide within the endovascular system

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1061990A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 2000-12-27 Dalia Beyar Remote control catheterization
WO2009092059A2 (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-23 Catheter Robotics, Inc. Remotely controlled catheter insertion system
US20100274087A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-10-28 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Medical robotic system with coupled control modes
EP2294988A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-03-16 NTN Corporation Device and method for inserting coil
US20150272684A1 (en) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-01 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Apparatus for flexible elongate member, method for flexible elongate member, and storage medium
WO2017060792A1 (en) * 2015-10-09 2017-04-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Handheld steering devices for intra vascular devices and associated systems and methods

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1061990A1 (en) * 1998-03-11 2000-12-27 Dalia Beyar Remote control catheterization
US20100274087A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-10-28 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Medical robotic system with coupled control modes
WO2009092059A2 (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-23 Catheter Robotics, Inc. Remotely controlled catheter insertion system
EP2294988A1 (en) * 2008-05-29 2011-03-16 NTN Corporation Device and method for inserting coil
US20150272684A1 (en) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-01 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Apparatus for flexible elongate member, method for flexible elongate member, and storage medium
WO2017060792A1 (en) * 2015-10-09 2017-04-13 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Handheld steering devices for intra vascular devices and associated systems and methods

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