IT201600077186A1 - USE OF AGENT TO CREATE BRONZE MODALIZATION - Google Patents
USE OF AGENT TO CREATE BRONZE MODALIZATIONInfo
- Publication number
- IT201600077186A1 IT201600077186A1 IT102016000077186A IT201600077186A IT201600077186A1 IT 201600077186 A1 IT201600077186 A1 IT 201600077186A1 IT 102016000077186 A IT102016000077186 A IT 102016000077186A IT 201600077186 A IT201600077186 A IT 201600077186A IT 201600077186 A1 IT201600077186 A1 IT 201600077186A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- dexpramipexole
- tetrahydrobenzo
- thiazole
- diamine
- propyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 title 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- FASDKYOPVNHBLU-SSDOTTSWSA-N dexpramipexole Chemical compound C1[C@H](NCCC)CCC2=C1SC(N)=N2 FASDKYOPVNHBLU-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229950004920 dexpramipexole Drugs 0.000 claims description 34
- 206010006482 Bronchospasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007885 bronchoconstriction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000014181 Bronchial disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007883 bronchodilation Effects 0.000 description 11
- AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbachol Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(N)=O AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000168 bronchodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002460 smooth muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000000621 bronchi Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
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- 208000009079 Bronchial Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000001887 cortisones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003979 eosinophil Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
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- FASDKYOPVNHBLU-ZETCQYMHSA-N pramipexole Chemical compound C1[C@@H](NCCC)CCC2=C1SC(N)=N2 FASDKYOPVNHBLU-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FUFLCEKSBBHCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-dehydrocorticosterone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(=O)CC(C)(C(CC4)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 FUFLCEKSBBHCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N Cortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cortisone Natural products O=C1CCC2(C)C3C(=O)CC(C)(C(CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)C4C3CCC2=C1 MFYSYFVPBJMHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 206010002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000007202 Muscarinic M3 Receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010008405 Muscarinic M3 Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000014415 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050003473 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FASDKYOPVNHBLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N6-Propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole-2,6-diamine Chemical compound C1C(NCCC)CCC2=C1SC(N)=N2 FASDKYOPVNHBLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018300 basal ganglia disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940124748 beta 2 agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000016966 beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014499 beta-2 Adrenergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003678 bronchial smooth muscle cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004044 bronchoconstricting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002161 motor neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011458 pharmacological treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015768 polyposis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003456 pulmonary alveoli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000329 smooth muscle myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/428—Thiazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
Description
RIASSUNTO SUMMARY
Ε' descritto l'uso di R(+)-pramipexole (Dexpramipexolo) [(R)-N6-propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole-2,6-diamine] nell’induzione della broncodilatazione. The use of R (+) - pramipexole (Dexpramipexole) [(R) -N6-propyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo [d] thiazole-2,6-diamine] in the induction of bronchodilation is described .
USO DI AGENTE PER INDURRE BRONCODILATAZIONE USE OF AGENT TO INDUCE BRONCHODILATION
DESCRIZIONE CAMPO DELL’INVENZIONE DESCRIPTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invenzione si riferisce al campo dei prodotti farmaceutici in particolare a quelli usati per indurre broncodilatazione The present invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical products in particular to those used to induce bronchodilation
STATO DELL'ARTE STATE OF THE ART
E’ noto che esiste un forte interesse per l'individuazione di farmaci capaci di rilasciare la muscolatura liscia dei bronchi. Questi ultimi sono infatti di fondamentale importanza nella regolazione della resistenza delle vie aeree al flusso di aria che deve raggiungere gli alveoli polmonari per l’ossigenazione del sangue. Numerose malattie sono caratterizzate da una contrazione eccessiva della muscolatura liscia dei bronchi che prende il nome di broncospasmo. Tra queste si identificano, a titolo di esempio la bronchite cronica, l’asma, la bronchite cronica ostruttiva, enfisema, il broncospasmo da allergeni, da freddo o da sforzo. It is known that there is a strong interest in identifying drugs capable of releasing the smooth muscle of the bronchi. The latter are in fact of fundamental importance in regulating the resistance of the airways to the flow of air that must reach the pulmonary alveoli for oxygenation of the blood. Numerous diseases are characterized by an excessive contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi which is called bronchospasm. These include, for example, chronic bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive bronchitis, emphysema, allergen, cold or exercise bronchospasm.
E’ noto che esistono vari tipi di trattamenti farmacologici in grado di ridurre il broncospasmo inducendo broncodilatazione. Per esempio i broncodilatatori possono essere infatti molecole capaci di attivare i recettori beta-2 adrenergici o bloccare i recettori M3 muscarinici. Alcuni farmaci come i cortisonici sono capaci di ridurre la broncocostrizione ma solo in modo indiretto e pertanto non vengono definiti agenti broncodilatanti propriamente detti. I cortisonici infatti riducono l’infiammazione bronchiale che si verifica tipicamente in condizioni di broncopatia cronica ostruttiva e la liberazione di mediatori della flogosi che hanno potenti azioni broncocostrittrici. In questo caso, a differenza di agenti broncodilatanti che agiscono direttamente sulle cellule a muscolatura liscia bronchiale quali beta2 agonisti e M3 antagonisti, i cortisonici inducono broncodilatazione indiretta tramite l’azione antiinfiammatoria. Le differenze tra l’azione broncodilatante dei broncodilatatori propriamente detti che agiscono sulle cellule muscolari lisce e i cortisonici che inducono broncodilatazione indiretta sono anche di tipo cinetico. I primi infatti inducono una immediata dilatazione bronchiale mentre i secondi impiegano ore e giorni per rilasciare i bronchi. Questa differenza si nota molto bene in esperimenti in vitro o in vivo nei quali si causa broncocostrizione stimolando i recettori muscarinici bronchiali, mimando di fatto una condizione simile a quella che avviene nei pazienti asmatici o con bronchite cronica. In questi modelli sperimentali i broncodilatatori diretti inducano immediata broncodilatazione mentre quelli indiretti come i cortisonici non hanno alcun effetto broncodilatante. It is known that there are various types of pharmacological treatments that can reduce bronchospasm by inducing bronchodilation. For example, bronchodilators may in fact be molecules capable of activating beta-2 adrenergic receptors or blocking muscarinic M3 receptors. Some drugs such as cortisones are able to reduce bronchoconstriction but only indirectly and therefore are not defined as bronchodilating agents properly called. In fact, cortisone drugs reduce bronchial inflammation that typically occurs in conditions of chronic obstructive bronchopathy and the release of inflammatory mediators that have powerful bronchoconstrictive actions. In this case, unlike bronchodilating agents that act directly on bronchial smooth muscle cells such as beta2 agonists and M3 antagonists, cortisones induce indirect bronchodilation through their anti-inflammatory action. The differences between the bronchodilating action of bronchodilators proper that act on smooth muscle cells and the cortisones that induce indirect bronchodilation are also kinetic. The former in fact induce an immediate bronchial dilation while the latter take hours and days to release the bronchi. This difference is very well noticeable in in vitro or in vivo experiments in which bronchoconstriction is caused by stimulating bronchial muscarinic receptors, effectively mimicking a condition similar to that which occurs in asthmatic or chronic bronchitis patients. In these experimental models, direct bronchodilators induce immediate bronchodilatation while indirect bronchodilators such as cortisone have no bronchodilating effect.
E’ noto che alcuni pazienti che necessitano di broncodilatazione sono scarsamente responsivi ai classici broncodilatatori oppure sono diventati resistenti o tolleranti all’azione di questi agenti. Il problema da risolvere è quindi quello di identificare nuove molecole capaci di garantire una pronta broncodilatazione attraverso un meccanismo diretto sulla muscolatura liscia. It is known that some patients who need bronchodilation are poorly responsive to classic bronchodilators or have become resistant or tolerant to the action of these agents. The problem to be solved is therefore that of identifying new molecules capable of guaranteeing prompt bronchodilation through a direct mechanism on smooth muscle.
E’ noto che l’isomero levogiro del pramipexolo [N6-propyl-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole-2,6-diamine] S(-)-pramipexolo attiva i recettori dopaminergici ed è pertanto utilizzato nei disturbi extrapiramidali quali la malattia di Parkinson e la sindrome delle gambe senza riposo. It is known that the levorotatory isomer of pramipexole [N6-propyl-4, 5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo [d] thiazole-2,6-diamine] S (-) - pramipexole activates dopaminergic receptors and is therefore used in extrapyramidal disorders such as Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome.
Al contrario, l’isomero destrogiro del pramipexolo, R(+)-pramipexolo (meglio noto come Dexpramipexolo), non è attivo sui recettori dopaminergici e non ha pertanto attuali impieghi terapeutici. On the contrary, the dextrorotatory isomer of pramipexole, R (+) - pramipexole (better known as Dexpramipexole), is not active on dopaminergic receptors and therefore has no current therapeutic uses.
Il Dexpramipexolo è stato recentemente testato nell’uomo per prevenire la morte dei motoneuroni in pazienti affetti da sclerosi laterale amiotrofica. Purtroppo i risultati hanno dimostrato che il Dexpramipexolo è privo di efficacia neuroprotettiva in questi pazienti e non ritarda l’evoluzione della malattia. Lo studio, condotto su centinaia di pazienti, ha però dimostrato che il Dexpramipexolo è molto ben tollerato dall’uomo e anche dopo mesi di terapia a dosaggi giornalieri di centinaia di milligrammi ha causato rari e minimi effetti collaterali. Dexpramipexole has recently been tested in humans to prevent the death of motor neurons in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Unfortunately, the results showed that Dexpramipexole has no neuroprotective efficacy in these patients and does not delay the evolution of the disease. However, the study, conducted on hundreds of patients, showed that Dexpramipexole is very well tolerated by humans and even after months of therapy at daily doses of hundreds of milligrams caused rare and minimal side effects.
Recentemente è stato dimostrato che il Dexpramipexolo riduce il numero di leucociti circolanti compresi i granulociti eosinofili e basofili sia in animali sperimentali che in pazienti con sclerosi laterale amiotrofica. Poiché gli eosinofili hanno un ruolo patogenetico in alcune affezioni polmonari con componente infiammatoria, è stato rivendicato l’uso del Dexpramipexolo in patologie respiratorie tra cui l’asma, la poliposi nasale e la rinite allergica. Dexpramipexole has recently been shown to reduce the number of circulating leukocytes including eosinophilic and basophilic granulocytes both in experimental animals and in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Since eosinophils have a pathogenetic role in some lung diseases with an inflammatory component, the use of Dexpramipexole in respiratory diseases including asthma, nasal polyposis and allergic rhinitis has been claimed.
Lo stato dell’arte pertanto insegna che il Dexpramipexolo è una molecola con un buon profilo di tollerabilità nell’uomo, con azioni neuroprotettive e capace di ridurre gli eosinofili circolanti nell’uomo. Lo stato dell’arte non fornisce però informazioni sulla capacità del Dexpramipexolo di agire sulla muscolatura liscia, in particolar modo sulla muscolatura bronchiale come agente broncodilatatore. The state of the art therefore teaches that Dexpramipexole is a molecule with a good tolerability profile in humans, with neuroprotective actions and capable of reducing circulating eosinophils in humans. However, the state of the art does not provide information on the ability of Dexpramipexole to act on smooth muscle, especially on bronchial muscles as a bronchodilator agent.
BREVE DESCRIZIONE DELLE FIGURE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La Figura 1 mostra l’effetto del Dexpramipexolo sulla contrazione della trachea di ratto, mentre la Figura 2 mostra l’effetto del Dexpramipexolo sulla contrazione della trachea di cavia. Le trachee sono state espiantate e montate in un bagnetto di perfusione e contratte con carbacolo. In seguito sono state aggiunte alla soluzione di perfusione concentrazioni crescenti di Dexpramipexolo da 10<'8>a 10<'4>molare ed è stato rilevato un rilasciamento della trachea concentrazione dipendente che segue immediatamente l’aggiunta di Dexpramipexolo. Figure 1 shows the effect of dexpramipexole on the contraction of the rat trachea, while Figure 2 shows the effect of dexpramipexole on the contraction of the guinea pig trachea. The tracheae were explanted and mounted in a perfusion bath and contracted with carbachol. Subsequently, increasing concentrations of Dexpramipexole from 10 <'8> to 10 <' 4> molar were added to the perfusion solution and a concentration-dependent relaxation of the trachea was detected immediately following the addition of Dexpramipexole.
La Figura 3 mostra la curva dose-risposta dell’effetto dilatante del Dexpramipexolo sulla trachea di ratto (rat) e cavia (gpt) contratta in vitro con carbacolo. Figure 3 shows the dose-response curve of the dilating effect of dexpramipexole on the trachea of rat (rat) and guinea pig (gpt) contracted in vitro with carbachol.
La Figura 4 mostra l’effetto broncodilatante del Dexpramipexolo nel ratto anestetizzato e trattato con carbacolo. Gli animali sono stati anestetizzati e trattati con soluzione salina o Dexpramipexolo alle dosi di 0.12 e 1.2 mg/kg per via intratracheale (4A) o intraperitoneale (4B). Dopo 15 min ora è stato somministrato carbacolo ed è stata misurato l’aumento della resistenza delle vie aeree come indice di broncocostrizione. L’effetto broncodilatante del Dexpramipexolo è espresso come percentuale di inibizione della broncocostrizione rilevata negli animali trattati con soluzione salina. Figure 4 shows the bronchodilating effect of dexpramipexole in the anesthetized and carbachol-treated rat. The animals were anesthetized and treated with saline or dexpramipexole at doses of 0.12 and 1.2 mg / kg intratracheal (4A) or intraperitoneal (4B). After 15 minutes, carbachol was administered and the increase in airway resistance was measured as an index of bronchoconstriction. The bronchodilating effect of dexpramipexole is expressed as a percentage of inhibition of bronchoconstriction detected in animals treated with saline.
DESCRIZIONE DETTAGLIATA DELL’INVENZIONE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Un classico modello sperimentale per studiare la contrazione e rilasciamento bronchiale è lo studio in vitro della contrazione della trachea di roditori con un sistema in grado di rilevare la tensione isometrica esercitata dalla trachea stessa. La trachea viene espiantata dall’animale, montata in un bagnetto di perfusione e contratta con carbacolo per misurare la tensione che ne deriva che sarà proporzionale allo stato di contrazione. Si aggiungono poi alla soluzione di incubazione gli agenti rilascianti la muscolatura liscia tracheobronchiale a differenti concentrazioni per misurare la loro potenza broncodilatante. A classic experimental model to study bronchial contraction and relaxation is the in vitro study of the contraction of the trachea of rodents with a system capable of detecting the isometric tension exerted by the trachea itself. The trachea is explanted from the animal, mounted in a perfusion bath and contracted with carbachol to measure the resulting tension which will be proportional to the state of contraction. Tracheobronchial smooth muscle releasing agents at different concentrations are then added to the incubation solution to measure their bronchodilating potency.
Inaspettatamente abbiamo trovato, ed è l’oggetto della presente invenzione, che il Dexpramipexolo è in grado di rilasciare in maniera dose dipendente sia la trachea di ratto (Fig. 1) che quella di cavia (Fig. 2) precontratta con carbacolo, con IC50 di 12 (ratto) e 19 (cavia) μΜ (Figura 3). We unexpectedly found, and it is the object of the present invention, that Dexpramipexole is able to release in a dose dependent manner both the rat (Fig. 1) and guinea pig (Fig. 2) trachea pre-contracted with carbachol, with IC50 of 12 (rat) and 19 (guinea pig) μΜ (Figure 3).
Abbiamo inoltre inaspettatamente trovato che il Dexpramipexolo è capace di indurre broncodilatazione anche in vivo. Infatti, la somministrazione di Dexpramipexolo previene già dopo 1 un minuto (endotracheale, Figura 4A) o 15 min (intraperitoneale, Figura 4B) dall’iniezione e in maniera dose dipendente la broncostrizione (valutata come resistenza delle vie aeree) indotta nei ratti trattati con carbacolo come agente broncocostrittore. La riduzione della broncocostrizione da carbacolo che segue immediatamente al trattamento intratracheale di Dexpramipexolo dimostra che quest’ultimo è un broncodilatante che agisce direttamente sullo stato di contrazione dei bronchi. Inoltre. Poiché le cellule infiammatorie quali per esempio gli eosinofili non sono coinvolti nella broncocostrizione da carbacolo, i dati dimostrano che il Dexpramipexolo inaspettatamente induce broncodilatazione attraverso un’azione diretta sulla muscolatura liscia bronchiale ed è pertanto un broncodilatante diretto. Secondo l'invenzione il Dexpramipexolo può essere formulato come fiale, polveri, compresse, capsule, compresse e capsule a lento rilascio, cerotti a veloce o lento rilascio, sciroppi, sospensioni, gocce, complessi lipidici, pomate, unguenti e creme. Secondo l'invenzione il Dexpramipexolo può essere somministrato per via endovenosa, endoarteriosa, intramuscolare, orale, inalatoria, rettale, sublinguale, topica, sottocutanea e transdermica. Le quantità di principio attivo da somministrare sono quelle già comunemente impiegate per questo tipo di farmaci, ad esempio 10-2000 mg/die. We have also unexpectedly found that dexpramipexole is capable of inducing bronchodilation even in vivo. In fact, the administration of Dexpramipexole prevents already after 1 minute (endotracheal, Figure 4A) or 15 min (intraperitoneal, Figure 4B) from the injection and in a dose dependent manner the bronchostriction (evaluated as airway resistance) induced in rats treated with carbachol as a bronchoconstrictor agent. The reduction of carbacholon bronchoconstriction that immediately follows the intratracheal treatment of Dexpramipexole shows that the latter is a bronchodilator that acts directly on the state of contraction of the bronchi. Furthermore. Since inflammatory cells such as eosinophils are not involved in carbacholum bronchoconstriction, the data show that dexpramipexole unexpectedly induces bronchodilation through a direct action on bronchial smooth muscle and is therefore a direct bronchodilator. According to the invention, Dexpramipexole can be formulated as ampoules, powders, tablets, capsules, slow-release tablets and capsules, fast or slow-release patches, syrups, suspensions, drops, lipid complexes, ointments, ointments and creams. According to the invention, Dexpramipexole can be administered by intravenous, intra-arterial, intramuscular, oral, inhalation, rectal, sublingual, topical, subcutaneous and transdermal routes. The quantities of active ingredient to be administered are those already commonly used for this type of drug, for example 10-2000 mg / day.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
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| US20150018397A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Knopp Biosciences Llc | Compositions and methods for treating conditions related to increased eosinophils |
| WO2015006708A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Knopp Biosciences Llc | Treating elevated levels of eosinophils and/or basophils |
| US20160193186A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2016-07-07 | Knopp Biosciences Llc | Compositions and methods for treating chronic urticaria |
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| US20150018397A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Knopp Biosciences Llc | Compositions and methods for treating conditions related to increased eosinophils |
| WO2015006708A1 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Knopp Biosciences Llc | Treating elevated levels of eosinophils and/or basophils |
| US20160193186A1 (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2016-07-07 | Knopp Biosciences Llc | Compositions and methods for treating chronic urticaria |
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