IL268398B2 - System and method for identification of an airborne object - Google Patents

System and method for identification of an airborne object

Info

Publication number
IL268398B2
IL268398B2 IL268398A IL26839819A IL268398B2 IL 268398 B2 IL268398 B2 IL 268398B2 IL 268398 A IL268398 A IL 268398A IL 26839819 A IL26839819 A IL 26839819A IL 268398 B2 IL268398 B2 IL 268398B2
Authority
IL
Israel
Prior art keywords
rcs
series
imf
target
estimation
Prior art date
Application number
IL268398A
Other languages
Hebrew (he)
Other versions
IL268398A (en
Inventor
Novoselsky Akiva
Ardon Guy
SIMKO Or
Original Assignee
Elta Systems Ltd
Novoselsky Akiva
Ardon Guy
SIMKO Or
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elta Systems Ltd, Novoselsky Akiva, Ardon Guy, SIMKO Or filed Critical Elta Systems Ltd
Priority to US16/790,173 priority Critical patent/US11822007B2/en
Priority to EP20157405.0A priority patent/EP3696566A1/en
Priority to SG10202001362VA priority patent/SG10202001362VA/en
Publication of IL268398A publication Critical patent/IL268398A/en
Publication of IL268398B2 publication Critical patent/IL268398B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/66—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/72—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
    • G01S13/723—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar by using numerical data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/003—Bistatic lidar systems; Multistatic lidar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/006—Theoretical aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/411—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity
    • G01S7/412—Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity based on a comparison between measured values and known or stored values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/415—Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/417—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section involving the use of neural networks

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Claims (20)

268398/ CLAIMS
1. A processor-based method of identifying an airborne object, the method comprising: a) obtaining data indicative of a series of target Radar Cross Section (RCS) measurements of an airborne object, wherein each target RCS measurement is associated with data indicative of aspect angles of the airborne object relative to a measuring radar at a respective time of measurement, thereby giving rise to a series of target aspect angles of the airborne object; b) calculating at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, each estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series being calculated in accordance with, at least, the series of target aspect angles, a respective candidate aircraft type, and at least one candidate aircraft body orientation; and c) determining data indicative of identification of the airborne object with an aircraft type, in accordance with, at least, the at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, and the series of target RCS measurements.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: at least one candidate airborne object body orientation is in accordance with an inferred flight mode; and each respective inferred flight mode is derivative of, at least, the series of target aspect angles of the airborne object.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the flight mode was inferred by a method comprising: selecting the flight mode from a group that includes at least one of: level flight, ascending flight, descending flight, and banked turn. 268398/
4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein calculating at least one RCS value of an estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series comprises: calculating a radar-beam direction in an aircraft body frame, in accordance with, at least, aspect angles associated with a respective target RCS measurement, and a candidate airborne object body orientation of the at least one candidate airborne object body orientations; and estimating an RCS value in accordance with the calculated radar-beam direction and the respective candidate aircraft type.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the estimating an RCS value in accordance with the calculated radar-beam direction and the respective candidate aircraft type comprises: retrieving data indicative of an RCS value, according to, at least, the calculated radar-beam direction and the respective candidate aircraft type, from an RCS database.
6. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein the determining data indicative of identification of the airborne object with an aircraft type comprises: for each estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, calculating a degree of matching between the estimation and the series of target RCS measurements, thereby giving rise to data indicative of identification of the airborne object with the respective candidate aircraft type.
7. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein the determining data indicative of identification of the airborne object with an aircraft type comprises: a) training a machine learning model in accordance with a training dataset comprising at least one training example, wherein each training example comprises: 268398/ i. feature data derivative of an estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series of the at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, and ii. data indicative of the candidate aircraft type in accordance with which the estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series was calculated, and wherein the machine learning model is configured to receive runtime input comprising data indicative of a series of target RCS measurements, and to generate output comprising data indicative of an aircraft type learned to be associated with the input, in accordance with the training of the machine learning model; and b) providing data indicative of the series of target RCS measurements as input to the trained machine learning model, resulting in output of data indicative of an aircraft type, thereby giving rise to data indicative of identification of the airborne object with an aircraft type.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising: identifying the candidate aircraft type for which a calculated estimation of a RCS series gave rise to a best calculated degree of matching, thereby giving rise to a best match aircraft type.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: comparing the best calculated degree of RCS matching to a threshold degree of RCS matching; thereby giving rise to an indication of whether the airborne object is identified with the best match aircraft type. 268398/
10. The method of any of claims 8-9, further comprising: displaying, on a display unit, data informative of the best match aircraft type.
11. The method of any of claims 6 or 8-10, wherein the calculating a degree of matching between the estimation and the series of target RCS measurements comprises: a) applying empirical mode decomposition to the series of target RCS measurements, thereby giving rise to a first group of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs); b) applying empirical mode decomposition to the estimation, thereby giving rise to a second group of IMFs; c) selecting, from the first group of IMFs, an IMF with a highest rate of fluctuations, giving rise to a first selected IMF; d) selecting, from the second group of IMFs, an IMF with a same frequency as the first selected IMF, giving rise to a second selected IMF; and e) calculating a first linear correlation between the first selected IMF and the second selected IMF, resulting in a first correlation value; thereby giving rise to a degree of matching, based on a single IMF frequency, between the estimation and the series of target RCS measurements.
12. The method of claim 11, additionally comprising: f) selecting, from the first group of IMFs, an IMF with a second-highest rate of fluctuations, giving rise to a third IMF; 268398/ g) selecting, from the second group of IMFs, an IMF with a same frequency as the third selected IMF, giving rise to a fourth selected IMF; and h) calculating a second linear correlation between the third IMF and the fourth IMF, resulting in a second correlation value; and i) calculating a degree of matching in accordance with the first correlation value and the second correlation value; thereby giving rise to a degree of matching, based on two IMF frequencies, between the estimation and the series of target RCS measurements.
13. The method of any of claims 11-12, wherein at least one calculated linear correlation is a Pearson correlation coefficient.
14. The method of any of claims 11-12, wherein at least one calculated linear correlation is a matched filter.
15. The method of claim 7, wherein a) - b) are executed in realtime.
16. The method of any of claims 7 or 15 wherein the machine learning model comprises a neural network comprising an input layer, an output layer, and at least one hidden layer.
17. The method of any of claims 7, 15-16, wherein the feature data derivative of an estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series comprises: a) at least one of: maximum RCS value, minimum RCS value, mean RCS value, RCS series variance, RCS series skewness, RCS series kurtosis, RCS series energy, RCS series Hjorth mobility, and RCS series Hjorth complexity; and 268398/ b) data derivative of one or more Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), the IMFs being derived according to empirical mode decomposition (EMD) of the estimation.
18. The method of any of claims 7, 15-17, wherein the data derivative of each IMF of the one or more IMFs comprises at least one of: maximum IMF value, minimum IMF value, number of zero crossings, IMF variance, IMF skewness, IMF kurtosis, IMF energy, IMF Hjorth mobility, and IMF Hjorth complexity.
19. A target identification system comprising a processing and memory circuitry, and configured to operate in conjunction with a radar unit and to perform a method of identification of an airborne object according to radar target measurement data, the method comprising: a) obtaining data indicative of a series of target Radar Cross Section (RCS) measurements of an airborne object, wherein each target RCS measurement is associated with data indicative of aspect angles of the airborne object relative to a measuring radar at a respective time of measurement, thereby giving rise to a series of target aspect angles of the airborne object; b) calculating at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, each estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series being calculated in accordance with, at least, the series of target aspect angles, a respective candidate aircraft type, and at least one candidate aircraft body orientation; and c) determining data indicative of identification of the airborne object with an aircraft type, in accordance with, at least, the at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, and the series of target RCS measurements.
20. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method of identifying an airborne object, the method comprising: 268398/ a) obtaining data indicative of a series of target Radar Cross Section (RCS) measurements of an airborne object, wherein each target RCS measurement is associated with data indicative of aspect angles of the airborne object relative to a measuring radar at a respective time of measurement, thereby giving rise to a series of target aspect angles of the airborne object; b) calculating at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, each estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series being calculated in accordance with, at least, the series of target aspect angles, a respective candidate aircraft type, and at least one candidate aircraft body orientation; and c) determining data indicative of identification of the airborne object with an aircraft type, in accordance with, at least, the at least one estimation of a candidate aircraft RCS series, and the series of target RCS measurements.
IL268398A 2019-02-14 2019-07-31 System and method for identification of an airborne object IL268398B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/790,173 US11822007B2 (en) 2019-02-14 2020-02-13 System and method for identification of an airborne object
EP20157405.0A EP3696566A1 (en) 2019-02-14 2020-02-14 System and method for identification of an airborne object
SG10202001362VA SG10202001362VA (en) 2019-02-14 2020-02-14 System and method for identification of an airborne object

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL264843A IL264843A (en) 2019-02-14 2019-02-14 System and method for identification of an airborne object

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
IL268398A IL268398A (en) 2020-08-31
IL268398B2 true IL268398B2 (en) 2023-06-01

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IL268398A IL268398B2 (en) 2019-02-14 2019-07-31 System and method for identification of an airborne object

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5392050A (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-21 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Method of recognizing a radar target object type and apparatus therefor
US7295149B1 (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-11-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method for determining missile information from radar returns

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5392050A (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-21 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Method of recognizing a radar target object type and apparatus therefor
US7295149B1 (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-11-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method for determining missile information from radar returns

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IL264843A (en) 2020-08-31
IL268398A (en) 2020-08-31

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