GB2531368B - A method for emissions regulation - Google Patents

A method for emissions regulation

Info

Publication number
GB2531368B
GB2531368B GB1502290.8A GB201502290A GB2531368B GB 2531368 B GB2531368 B GB 2531368B GB 201502290 A GB201502290 A GB 201502290A GB 2531368 B GB2531368 B GB 2531368B
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
emissions regulation
emissions
regulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
GB1502290.8A
Other versions
GB201502290D0 (en
GB2531368A (en
Inventor
Ford Kim
Wright James
Murray Iain
De Smet Frederik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to GB1502290.8A priority Critical patent/GB2531368B/en
Publication of GB201502290D0 publication Critical patent/GB201502290D0/en
Priority to GB1508959.2A priority patent/GB2535248B/en
Priority to GB1508951.9A priority patent/GB2535247B/en
Priority to DE102016201129.4A priority patent/DE102016201129A1/en
Priority to DE102016201130.8A priority patent/DE102016201130A1/en
Priority to RU2016103935A priority patent/RU2711904C2/en
Priority to RU2016103936A priority patent/RU2698758C2/en
Priority to MX2016001779A priority patent/MX371318B/en
Priority to MX2016001777A priority patent/MX371319B/en
Publication of GB2531368A publication Critical patent/GB2531368A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2531368B publication Critical patent/GB2531368B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1445—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being related to the exhaust flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
    • F02D41/3076—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special conditions for selecting a mode of combustion, e.g. for starting, for diagnosing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0042—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the machines or pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2390/00—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/50—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/50—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
    • F02D2200/501—Vehicle speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
GB1502290.8A 2015-02-11 2015-02-11 A method for emissions regulation Expired - Fee Related GB2531368B (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1502290.8A GB2531368B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-02-11 A method for emissions regulation
GB1508959.2A GB2535248B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-05-26 A method of emissions regulation
GB1508951.9A GB2535247B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-05-26 A method of emissions regulation
DE102016201129.4A DE102016201129A1 (en) 2015-02-11 2016-01-27 Procedure for emission control
DE102016201130.8A DE102016201130A1 (en) 2015-02-11 2016-01-27 Procedure for emission control
RU2016103936A RU2698758C2 (en) 2015-02-11 2016-02-08 Method of emissions control
RU2016103935A RU2711904C2 (en) 2015-02-11 2016-02-08 Emissions control method
MX2016001779A MX371318B (en) 2015-02-11 2016-02-09 A method for emmisions regulation.
MX2016001777A MX371319B (en) 2015-02-11 2016-02-09 A method for emmisions regulation.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1502290.8A GB2531368B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-02-11 A method for emissions regulation

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201502290D0 GB201502290D0 (en) 2015-04-01
GB2531368A GB2531368A (en) 2016-04-20
GB2531368B true GB2531368B (en) 2017-02-01

Family

ID=52781442

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1502290.8A Expired - Fee Related GB2531368B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-02-11 A method for emissions regulation
GB1508959.2A Expired - Fee Related GB2535248B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-05-26 A method of emissions regulation
GB1508951.9A Expired - Fee Related GB2535247B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-05-26 A method of emissions regulation

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB1508959.2A Expired - Fee Related GB2535248B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-05-26 A method of emissions regulation
GB1508951.9A Expired - Fee Related GB2535247B (en) 2015-02-11 2015-05-26 A method of emissions regulation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DE (2) DE102016201129A1 (en)
GB (3) GB2531368B (en)
MX (2) MX371318B (en)
RU (2) RU2711904C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016208834A1 (en) 2016-05-23 2017-11-23 Technische Universität Dresden A method of operating an internal combustion engine installed in a vehicle
DE102016218815B4 (en) * 2016-09-29 2020-07-30 Audi Ag Procedure for selecting a route for an emission test
DE102017203849A1 (en) 2017-03-08 2018-09-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Control unit for adjusting the emission of a vehicle
DE102018206350B4 (en) 2018-04-25 2021-01-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for adapting operating parameters of a device for exhaust gas aftertreatment
DE102018120556A1 (en) * 2018-08-23 2020-02-27 Volkswagen Ag Method for operating an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine
GB2578155B (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-01-13 Delphi Automotive Systems Lux Method of controlling vehicle emissions
CN114810396B (en) * 2021-06-04 2023-05-26 长城汽车股份有限公司 Engine control device, method for adjusting nitrogen oxide conversion rate and automobile

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1134371A2 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-19 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling lean operation of an internal combustion engine
WO2004081359A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Fiat Auto S.P.A. Process for the removal of particulates from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
WO2015000783A1 (en) * 2013-07-05 2015-01-08 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Method and apparatus for monitoring fluid reductant for internal combustion engine exhaust

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US5749343A (en) * 1996-10-07 1998-05-12 General Motors Corporation Adaptive electronic throttle control
DE19910336A1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2000-09-21 Porsche Ag Process for checking the function of catalysts in internal combustion engines
JP3524490B2 (en) * 2000-11-20 2004-05-10 本田技研工業株式会社 Air-fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engine
DE10226873B4 (en) * 2002-06-12 2012-05-31 Volkswagen Ag Method for controlling the mode selection of an internal combustion engine
CN102325971A (en) * 2009-02-20 2012-01-18 赫多特普索化工设备公司 Method for purification of exhaust gas from a diesel engine
GB2485777A (en) * 2010-11-23 2012-05-30 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Method and apparatus for operating a lean NOx trap
JP5839633B2 (en) * 2011-05-02 2016-01-06 ボルボ テクノロジー コーポレイション Method and internal combustion engine system for keeping an exhaust gas aftertreatment system within an operating temperature range
US20120330534A1 (en) * 2011-06-27 2012-12-27 Cleeves James M Enhanced efficiency and pollutant control by multi-variable engine operation control
KR101317413B1 (en) * 2011-11-22 2013-10-10 서울대학교산학협력단 System and method for controlling nox
US9239019B2 (en) * 2012-01-26 2016-01-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Particulate matter retaining system
WO2013130744A1 (en) * 2012-02-28 2013-09-06 Wayne State University Using ion current signal for engine performance and emissions measuring techniques and methods for doing the same
US20160032802A1 (en) * 2013-03-18 2016-02-04 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Exhaust purification system and ship comprising same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1134371A2 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-19 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling lean operation of an internal combustion engine
WO2004081359A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Fiat Auto S.P.A. Process for the removal of particulates from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
WO2015000783A1 (en) * 2013-07-05 2015-01-08 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Method and apparatus for monitoring fluid reductant for internal combustion engine exhaust

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2535248A (en) 2016-08-17
GB201502290D0 (en) 2015-04-01
GB201508959D0 (en) 2015-07-01
RU2711904C2 (en) 2020-01-23
MX371318B (en) 2020-01-27
GB2535247B (en) 2019-05-29
DE102016201130A1 (en) 2016-08-11
GB2531368A (en) 2016-04-20
GB2535248B (en) 2018-04-11
MX2016001777A (en) 2016-08-26
MX2016001779A (en) 2016-10-03
GB2535247A (en) 2016-08-17
DE102016201129A1 (en) 2016-08-11
RU2698758C2 (en) 2019-08-29
RU2016103935A (en) 2017-08-11
GB201508951D0 (en) 2015-07-01
RU2016103935A3 (en) 2019-08-06
RU2016103936A3 (en) 2019-06-21
RU2016103936A (en) 2017-08-11
MX371319B (en) 2020-01-27

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Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20200211