GB2445761A - An internal combustion engine with in-cylinder pressure measurement system - Google Patents

An internal combustion engine with in-cylinder pressure measurement system Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2445761A
GB2445761A GB0701198A GB0701198A GB2445761A GB 2445761 A GB2445761 A GB 2445761A GB 0701198 A GB0701198 A GB 0701198A GB 0701198 A GB0701198 A GB 0701198A GB 2445761 A GB2445761 A GB 2445761A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
engine
poppet valve
cylinder
internal combustion
cylinder pressure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
GB0701198A
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GB0701198D0 (en
Inventor
Steven Kenchington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lotus Cars Ltd
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Lotus Cars Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to GB0701198A priority Critical patent/GB2445761A/en
Publication of GB0701198D0 publication Critical patent/GB0701198D0/en
Priority to PCT/GB2008/000119 priority patent/WO2008090312A1/en
Publication of GB2445761A publication Critical patent/GB2445761A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
    • G01L23/22—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines
    • G01L23/221—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid for detecting or indicating knocks in internal-combustion engines; Units comprising pressure-sensitive members combined with ignitors for firing internal-combustion engines for detecting or indicating knocks in internal combustion engines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/08—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring pressure in cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2167—Sensing means
    • F01L2009/2169—Position sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/08—Redundant elements, e.g. two sensors for measuring the same parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
    • F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
    • F02D41/3035—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the premixed charge compression-ignition mode

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

With reference to Figure 1, the present invention provides an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder (12); a piston (11) reciprocating in the cylinder (12) and defining with the cylinder (12) a combustion chamber (10). An inlet poppet valve (14) controls admission of air into the combustion chamber (10). An exhaust poppet valve (16) controls exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber (10). A first position sensor (40) measures deflection of the inlet poppet valve (14) when the valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber (10). A second position sensor (41) measures deflection of the exhaust poppet valve (16) when the valve (16) is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber (10). An electronic engine management system (31) aggregates / averages deflection signals from the first (40) and second (41) position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.

Description

* 2445761
IN-CYLINDER PRESSURE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
The present invention relates to an in-cylinder pressure measurement system for use in an internal combustion engine having poppet valves.
United States patent US 4,672,843 discloses a peak combustion pressure timing sensor for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. The sensor is mounted between a stiff mounting plate (held by bolts on the cylinder head) and a spring retainer on top of a valve stem of an intake valve of the engine. The sensor is of the proximity type with a sensing coil in close proximity to the valve spring retainer. An electric current in the coil is effected by changing reluctance due to movement of the nearby valve spring retainer and provides an electric output signal indicative of the movement. The sensor is designed to detect peak pressure in the cylinder and functions as a peak combustion pressure timing detector. The signal provided by the sensor does not accurately indicate absolute pressure since only the peak is detected.
The present invention provides in a first aspect an internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; a first inlet poppet valve controlling admission of air into the combustion chamber; a first exhaust poppet valve controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; a first position sensor associated with the first inlet poppet valve which measures deflection of the first inlet poppet valve when the first inlet poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; a second position sensor associated with the first exhaust poppet valve which measures deflection of the first exhaust poppet valve when the first exhaust poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system for the engine which aggregates deflection signals from the first and second position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.
The present invention provides in a second aspect an internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; a plurality of inlet poppet valves controlling admission of air into the combustion chamber; a plurality of exhaust poppet valves controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; a plurality of position sensors, one for each of the inlet and exhaust valves, each of which measures deflection of the poppet valve associated therewith when the poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system for the engine which aggregates deflection signals from the position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.
In both the first and second aspects the present invention reliably produces a value for absolute in-cylinder pressure.
The present invention provides in a third aspect an internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; an inlet poppet valve controlling admission of air to the combustion chamber; an exhaust poppet valve controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; one or more position sensor(s) associated with one or both of the inlet position sensor and the exhaust poppet valve, the/each position sensor measuring deflection of the poppet valve associated therewith when the poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system which uses the signal(s) provided by the position sensor(s) to determine a value for in-cylinder pressure and which monitors the in-cylinder pressure over the whole of each of at least selected engine operating cycles.
In the third aspect the invention provides a value for absolute in -cylinder pressure and monitors this over the whole of an engine cycle.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with an in-cylinder pressure detector according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of one of the poppet valves of Figure 1 in an unpressurised condition; and Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the Figure 2 poppet valve in a pressurised condition.
In Figure 1 there can be seen a cylinder 12 of an internal combustion engine. Although only one cylinder is shown in the Figure the cylinder could be one of a plurality of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, each configured as shown in Figure 1.
The cylinder 12 is provided with a cylinder block 13 and a piston 11 reciprocates in the cylinder 12 and defines with the cylinder 12 the combustion chamber 10. An inlet valve 14, which is a poppet valve, controls the admission of a mixture of fuel and air into the combustion chamber 10 from an inlet runner 15. An exhaust valve 16, which again is a poppet valve, controls expulsion of combusted gases from the combustion chamber 10 via an exhaust runner 17 to atmosphere. The engine illustrated is a spark-ignition engine and has a spark plug 29. A fuel injector 30 is illustrated which delivers fuel to air flowing through the inlet runner 15 into the combustion chamber 10.
The inlet poppet valve 14 is open and closed by a hydraulic actuator 19 which comprises a piston 20 movable in a cylinder 22 under hydraulic pressure. An electrohydraulic servo-valve 23 controls the flow of hydraulic fluid to and from the cylinder 22. Pressurised hydraulic fluid can be provided from a pump 24 to either side of the piston 20 in order to open or close the poppet valve 14. Either side of the piston 20 can also be connected to a fluid return in the form of a sump 25 for hydraulic fluid, from which the pump 24 draws fluid to be pressurised.
The exhaust poppet valve 16 is similarly opened and closed by a hydraulic actuator 27, identical to the previously described actuator 19. An electrohydraulic servo-valve 28 is provided to control flow of fluid to and from an actuator 27.
An electronic controller 31 is provided to control the electrohydraulic servo-valves 23 and 28 and thereby the opening and closing of the poppet valves 14 and 16. The electronic controller 31 also controls the operation of the spark plug 29.
Two position sensors 40 and 41 are associated respectively with the hydraulic actuators 22 and 27. These position sensors function in the same way; taking the example of sensor 40, it detects the position of the piston within the cylinder 22 and provides a position signal as a feedback signal to the electronic controller 31.
Figures 2 and 3 show the poppet valve 14 in a closed condition in a situation where the pressure in the combustion chamber 10 is either atmospheric pressure or close to atmospheric pressure. During movement of the piston 11 within the cylinder 12 the gases in the combustion chamber 10 are pressurised and then after ignition the pressure increases sharply and then decays as the piston 11 is forced downwardly within the cylinder 12. The gas pressure in the combustion chamber 10 causes a valve head 14a of the poppet valve 14 to flex as shown in Figure 3, by an amount X. This flexing can be measured by the position sensor 40 and then the electronic controller 31 can obtain an approximation of cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber 10. This pressure measurement can then be used to optimise the combustion process.
Although the poppet valve shown in Figures 2 and 3 is the inlet poppet valve 14, it should be understood that the exhaust valve 16 will also flex in a similar manner and that the position sensor 41 detects the flexing and provides a signal indicating the flexing back to the electronic controller 31.
A significant feature of the present invention is the measurement of pressure using a position sensor attached to the inlet valve and also a position sensor attached to the exhaust valve. Using signals from both engine valves provides a more robust measurement. The controller 31 will aggregate the signals and use the aggregated signals to determine a value for absolute in-cylinder pressure. In an engine which has more than two valves per cylinder then it is envisaged that a position sensor would be associated with each poppet valve, i.e. with all four valves in a four-valve per cylinder engine. The use of an aggregate of multiple sensors per cylinder allows the determination of an reliable absolute in-cylinder pressure.
Whilst the system in US 4,672,843 looks only for peak pressure cylinder, the sensors 40 and 41 of the present invention will measure deflection over the whole cycle pressure so that information on the combustion process can be derived by the controller 31. This information can be used to determine how close to the knock limit the engine is running, e.g. by comparing the measured in-cylinder pressure profile for one or more selected engine cycles with values stored in memory. Alternatively, if the engine is running with HCCI ignition process then the operation of the process achieved can be measured by comparison of in-cycle pressure profile over an engine cycle with stored pressure data.
Although the engine described above is a spark ignition engine, the invention described is applicable to any type of combustion engine, e.g. a diesel engine or a petrol engine capable of running with both spark-ignition and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) or a compressor which uses poppet valves for gas exchange.
The US patent No.4,672,843 requires a detector that is mounted by a stiff method of mounting. In the present invention, the position sensor is part of the active valve train used to open and close the poppet valves. The position sensor is wrapped around the engine valve stem in the present invention. It can possibly be held in place by the engine valve spring, e.g 18 or clamped against the cylinder head by a bolted joint. This provides an intrinsically stiff attachment which will not suffer from unwanted measurement noise due to its mounting.
The electronic controller 31 can also be connected to a crankshaft rotation measurement sensor and will be able to use both the crankshaft rotation measurement and also the pressure signals provided by the sensors 40 and 41 to implement an improved control of the combustion process.
Whilst above the valves are operated by hydraulic actuators, the invention is also applicable in engines with other forms of actuators (e.g. pneumatic, electric or piezo-electric) or an engine with cam-driven poppet valves.

Claims (14)

CLIIMS
1. An internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; a first inlet poppet valve controlling admission of air into the combustion chamber; a first exhaust poppet valve controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; a first position sensor associated with the first inlet poppet valve which measures deflection of the first inlet poppet valve when the first inlet poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; a second position sensor associated with the first exhaust poppet valve which measures deflection of the first exhaust poppet valve when the first exhaust poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system for the engine which aggregates deflection signals from the first and second position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.
2. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electronic engine management system monitors in-cylinder pressure over the whole of each of at least selected engine operating cycles.
3. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 wherein the electronic engine management system uses the -10 -monitored in-cylinder pressure to determine how close to a knock limit the engine is running by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored knock limit pressure information.
4. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 which can operate with HCCI combustion and wherein the engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to evaluate operation of the HCCI combustion by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored HCCI pressure information.
5. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein each position sensor surrounds, at least partially, a valve stem of the associated poppet valve.
6. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims comprising additionally a sensor associated with a crankshaft of the engine which measures crankshaft rotation and wherein the electronic engine management system uses both the in-cylinder pressure and the sensed crankshaft rotation to control operation of the engine.
7. An internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; a plurality of inlet poppet valves controlling admission of air into the combustion chamber; -11 -a plurality of exhaust poppet valves controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; a plurality of position sensors, one for each of the inlet and exhaust valves, each of which measures deflection of the poppet valve associated therewith when the poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gas in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system for the engine which aggregates deflection signals from the position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.
8. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 7 wherein the electronic engine management system monitors in-cylinder pressure over the whole of each of at least selected engine operating cycles.
9. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 wherein the electronic engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to determine how close to a knock limit the engine is running by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored knock limit pressure information.
10. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 which can operate with HCCI combustion and wherein the engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to evaluate operation of the HCCI combustion by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored HCCI pressure information.
-12 -
11. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10 wherein each position sensor surrounds, at least partially, a valve stem of the associated poppet valve.
12. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any of claims 7 to 11 comprising additionally a sensor associated with a crankshaft of the engine which measures crankshaft rotation and wherein the electronic engine management system uses both the in-cylinder pressure and the sensed crankshaft rotation to control operation of the engine.
13. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein each poppet valve is opened and closed by a hydraulic actuator controlled by the engine management system.
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13. An internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; an inlet poppet valve controlling admission of air to the combustion chamber; an exhaust poppet valve controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; one or more position sensor(s) associated with one or both of the inlet poppet valve and the exhaust poppet valve, the/each position sensor measuring deflection of the poppet valve associated therewith when the poppet valve deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system which uses the signal(s) provided by the position sensor(s) to determine a value for in-cylinder pressure and which monitors the in-cylinder pressure over the whole of each of at least selected engine operating cycles.
-13 -
14. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 13 wherein the electronic engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to determine how close to a knock limit the engine is running by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored knock limit pressure information.
15. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 13 which can operate with HCCI combustion and wherein the engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to evaluate operation of the HCCI combustion by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored HCCI pressure information.
16. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 15 wherein each position sensor surrounds, at least partially, a valve stem of the associated poppet valve.
17. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 16 comprising additionally a sensor associated with a crankshaft of the engine which measures crankshaft rotation and wherein the electronic engine management system uses both the in-cylinder pressure and the sensed crankshaft rotation to control operation of the engine.
18. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein each poppet valve is opened and closed by a hydraulic actuator controlled by the engine management system.
7U017: All,, Cr, * AMENDMENTS TO THE CLAIMS HAVE BEEN FILED AS FOLLOWS
1. An internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; a first inlet poppet valve controlling admission of air into the combustion chamber; a first exhaust poppet valve controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; a first position sensor associated with the first inlet poppet valve which measures deflection of the first inlet poppet valve when the first inlet poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; a second position sensor associated with the first exhaust poppet valve which measures deflection of the first exhaust poppet valve when the first exhaust poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gases in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system for the engine which aggregates deflection signals from the first and second position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.
2. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 :::::. wherein the electronic engine management system monitors in-cylinder pressure over the whole of each of at least selected engine operating cycles.
3. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 wherein the electronic engine management system uses the
S
monitored in-cylinder pressure to determine how close to a knock limit the engine is running by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored knock limit pressure information.
4. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 which can operate with homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and wherein the engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to evaluate operation of the HCCI combustion by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored HCCI pressure information.
5. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein each position sensor surrounds, at least partially, a valve stem of the associated poppet valve.
6. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims comprising additionally a sensor associated with a crankshaft of the engine which measures crankshaft rotation and wherein the electronic engine management system uses both the in-cylinder pressure and the sensed crankshaft rotation to control operation of the engine. * S S
7. An internal combustion engine comprising: :... a cylinder; **** a piston reciprocating in the cylinder and defining with the cylinder a combustion chamber; a plurality of inlet poppet valves controlling admission of air into the combustion chamber; a plurality of exhaust poppet valves controlling exhaust of combusted gases from the combustion chamber; a plurality of position sensors, one for each of the inlet and exhaust valves, each of which measures deflection of the poppet valve associated therewith when the poppet valve is closed and deflects under pressure applied by gas in the combustion chamber; and an electronic engine management system for the engine which aggregates deflection signals from the position sensors and from the aggregated signals determines a value for in-cylinder pressure.
8. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 7 wherein the electronic engine management system monitors in-cylinder pressure over the whole of each of at least selected engine operating cycles.
9. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 wherein the electronic engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to determine how close to a knock limit the engine is running by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored knock limit pressure *s.1 information.
10. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 which can operate with homogeneous charge compression :::::. ignition (HCCI) combustion and wherein the engine management system uses the monitored in-cylinder pressure to evaluate operation of the HCCI combustion by comparing the monitored in-cylinder pressure with stored HCCI pressure information.
11. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 10 wherein each position sensor surrounds, at least partially, a valve stem of the associated poppet valve.
12. An internal combustion engine as claimed in any of claims 7 to 11 comprising additionally a sensor associated with a crankshaft of the engine which measures crankshaft rotation and wherein the electronic engine management system uses both the in-cylinder pressure and the sensed crankshaft rotation to control operation of the engine.
GB0701198A 2007-01-22 2007-01-22 An internal combustion engine with in-cylinder pressure measurement system Withdrawn GB2445761A (en)

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GB0701198A GB2445761A (en) 2007-01-22 2007-01-22 An internal combustion engine with in-cylinder pressure measurement system
PCT/GB2008/000119 WO2008090312A1 (en) 2007-01-22 2008-01-15 In- cylinder pressure measurement system

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SE1751031A1 (en) * 2017-08-29 2019-03-01 Scania Cv Ab Method of Estimating Pressure in a Cylinder of a Combustion Engine, Combustion Engine, and related devices

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DE19731382A1 (en) * 1997-07-22 1999-01-28 Heinz Leiber Gas exchange valve and method for measuring the pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
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JP2013002918A (en) * 2011-06-15 2013-01-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Valve testing apparatus for internal combustion engine
SE1751031A1 (en) * 2017-08-29 2019-03-01 Scania Cv Ab Method of Estimating Pressure in a Cylinder of a Combustion Engine, Combustion Engine, and related devices
SE541125C2 (en) * 2017-08-29 2019-04-16 Scania Cv Ab Method of Estimating Pressure in a Cylinder of a Combustion Engine, Combustion Engine, and related devices
DE102018006654B4 (en) 2017-08-29 2022-08-25 Scania Cv Ab Method for estimating pressure in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine and associated devices

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