GB2294394A - Spinal fixation apparatus forming a supportive cradle - Google Patents

Spinal fixation apparatus forming a supportive cradle Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2294394A
GB2294394A GB9421453A GB9421453A GB2294394A GB 2294394 A GB2294394 A GB 2294394A GB 9421453 A GB9421453 A GB 9421453A GB 9421453 A GB9421453 A GB 9421453A GB 2294394 A GB2294394 A GB 2294394A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
rods
corrective
anchors
passage
spinal fixation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9421453A
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GB9421453D0 (en
Inventor
Jeffrey Keith Middleton
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Priority to GB9421453A priority Critical patent/GB2294394A/en
Publication of GB9421453D0 publication Critical patent/GB9421453D0/en
Publication of GB2294394A publication Critical patent/GB2294394A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • A61B17/7011—Longitudinal element being non-straight, e.g. curved, angled or branched
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7002—Longitudinal elements, e.g. rods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7049—Connectors, not bearing on the vertebrae, for linking longitudinal elements together
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7053—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant with parts attached to bones or to each other by flexible wires, straps, sutures or cables
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B2017/7073—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant with intervertebral connecting element crossing an imaginary spinal median surface

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

Spinal fixation apparatus for correcting spinal deviations comprises two rows of pedicle screws 2 having a plurality of corrective rods passing therethrough 16, 24, 28, 30 which are clamped by means of grub screw plugs to form a supportive "cradle". The corrective rods include vertical rods 28, 30 and cross-bracing rods 16, 24. <IMAGE>

Description

SPINAL FIXATION APPARATUS This invention relates to spinal fixation apparatus comprising a plurality of parts, for example screws or hooks, to engage spinal bodies with elongate means secured therebetween.
In general terms such spinal fixation apparatus is well known. This is shown by my earlier patent specification WO 92/20294, and from the patent specifications of others, including GB 2228417, EP 140790, EP 441668, EP 446092, EP 248272, FR 8901923, EP 443894, GB 2051581, GB 2131300, GB 1241292, WO 90/09156, EP 443892, EP 441729, EP 348272, EP 128058, US 500562, US 4361141, GB 2173104, US 4047523, US 4611581, US 4648388, US 4653481 and EP 128058.
Most known systems use a single rod between anchors, these typically being screws or hooks. In some systems there are two rows of anchors, and each row has one such rod. The rods are generally of surgical quality stainless steel and are difficult to bend. Sometimes aluminium sample rods are initially bent to shape, then used as a model for the bending of the steel rod. My invention described in GB 2267757A relates to a gauge for use as a template, for the bending of a surgical corrective rod.
Some systems employ a plurality of rods extending between anchors lined up with each other - these include US 4653481, which has a pair of parallel rods and EP 140790, which shows four. Other systems such as that described in EP 446092 have anchors which have provision for engagement of cross-braces. Thus, one anchor may clamp a corrective rod extending through a row of anchors, and a separate cross-brace.
A problem with these earlier systems is that they are complicated and cumbersome to use. They tend to provide separate locations for each rod which is associated with one anchor, and may require separate clamping means.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided spinal fixation apparatus comprising anchors for engaging spinal bodies, elongate corrective means extending therebetween, and clamping means for clamping the corrective means to the anchors, characterised in that the elongate corrective means comprises a plurality of corrective rods, and the clamping means is adapted to commonly clamp a plurality of corrective rods.
In essence, instead of providing a single corrective rod, as in the predominant class of the prior art, a plurality of rods is provided, which may be clamped as though one rod, to an anchor. It is very much easier to bend a plurality of relatively thin rods one by one to the required shape, than to bend one relatively thicker rod.
Moreover, operation is much easier than with multi-rod prior art systems. This simple invention also provides further advantages. For example, in upper parts of the spine which may require a lesser corrective force, a smaller number of rods maybe used, than in lower parts of the spine. Cross-bracing may easily be achieved, between parallel rows of anchors. The surgeon has the option of cross-bracing by cross-braces which are perpendicular to the rows of anchors, or oblique, or both.
Preferably, each anchor has a head formed with a passage to receive a plurality of corrective rods, the head having a cooperating member to clamp the corrective rods within the passage. Suitably the passage is internally threaded such that an externally threaded plug serving as a clamping member may be screwed into the passage to clamp the corrective rods to the base of the passage. Suitably a contact member, for example a "pad" as described in my earlier spetification WO 92/20294, may be provided for location between the corrective rods and the plug.
Preferably, the anchors are screws. Suitably these are screws for insertion into the pedicles of vertebrae.
The rods can typically be round section rods, preferably 1-3mm in diameter, most preferably 1.5-2mm in diameter. However, this may depend on the material used.
If a very rigid metal is employed, it may be desirable to use thinner rods, provided the rods have sufficient loadbearing capacity.
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention there is provided a kit of parts, for spinal fixation apparatus of the invention as previously defined, the kit comprising at least two anchors, at least two corrective rods, and clamping means for each anchor, the two corrective rods being adapted to both be clamped, in use, at both anchors.
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an assembly of pedicle screws and corrective rods, without clamping parts, for clarity; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the Fig. 1 assembly; and Fig. 3 is a view of the corrective rods used in Figs.
1 and 2, disassembled.
The apparatus comprises two rows each of three pedicle screws 2. The screws are exactly as shown and described in my earlier specification Wo 92/20294. As with those screws, a clamping "pad" 4 is used, and a grub screw plug 6. By means of the plug and "pad", elongate corrective means may be clamped at the base of the passage formed in the head 8 of each screw 2. Handling tools may be used as described in WO 92/20294, and the text of WO 92/20294 is incorporated herein by reference. The only difference is the provision of a plurality of corrective rods as the elongate corrective means, instead of a single corrective rod for each row of screws.
By means of the provision of a plurality of corrective rods, it will be seen immediately that crossbracing between the rows of parallel screws is easily achieved.
In this embodiment, the corrective rods employed are as follows: a) first and second generally U-shaped rods 10, 12; These are placed together to define a rectangle shape and the "limbs" 14 of the U's extend along a respective row of three pedicle screws. The connection 16 between the limbs acts as a cross-bracing member. The distal ends 18 of the "limbs" are slightly angled.
b) first and second diagonal cross-bracing members 20, 22; These each comprise a straight central region 24 with angled end parts 26, the end parts being clamped within screws.
c) first and second slightly curved parts 28, 30 each of which simply extends between the three screws of a respective row.
Thus, the assembled system has six corrective rods.
These provide four cross-braces; two cross-braces 16 which extend generally perpendicularly to the rows; and two diagonal cross- bracing members 24. They also provide three members extending between the three screws of each row - namely one limb of each U-shaped member, and one of the slightly curved rods 16, for each row.
It will be appreciated that it is very easy for the surgeon to use the appropriate corrective rods for a particular surgical procedure. He might decide that more or less cross-bracing is required, or that a particular type of cross-bracing is favoured; or that more or fewer rods should be used in the respective rows.
In this embodiment the cross-braces 16 are arched, but the cross-braces 24 are not. All of the cross-braces may be arched, or none, as required. This may be easily decided upon during an operation.
The apparatus is provided as a kit, generally comprising at least six screws, together with their "pads" and plugs, and lengths of straight corrective rod material, to be cut to size and shaped during an operation.

Claims (15)

1. Spinal fixation apparatus comprising anchors for engaging, in use, spinal bodies, elongate corrective means extending therebetween, and clamping means for clamping the corrective means to the anchors, characterised in that the elongate corrective means comprises a plurality of corrective rods, and the clamping means are adapted to commonly clamp a plurality of corrective rods.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the anchors are arrayed, in use, in a row.
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, comprising, in use, generally parallel rows of anchors with cross bracing therebetween.
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 3, wherein cross-braces are used, which are generally perpendicular to the rows of anchors.
5. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein cross-braces are used, which are oblique to the rows of anchors.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein each anchor has a head formed with a passage to receive a plurality of corrective rods, the head having a cooperating member to clamp the corrective rods within the passage.
7. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, wherein the passage is internally threaded such that an externally threaded plug serving as a clamping member may be screwed into the passage to clamp the corrective rods to the base of the passage.
8. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 7, wherein a contact member is provided for location between the corrective rods and the plug.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the anchors are screws.
10. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 9, wherein the screws are adapted for insertion into the pedicles of vertebrae.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the rods are round section rods.
12. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 11, wherein the rods are 1-3mm in diameter.
13. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 12, wherein the rods are 1.5-2mm in diameter.
14. A kit of parts, for spinal fixation apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, the kit comprising two anchors, two corrective rods, and clamping means for each anchor, the corrective rods both being clamped, in use, to both anchors.
15. Spinal fixation apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9421453A 1994-10-25 1994-10-25 Spinal fixation apparatus forming a supportive cradle Withdrawn GB2294394A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9421453A GB2294394A (en) 1994-10-25 1994-10-25 Spinal fixation apparatus forming a supportive cradle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9421453A GB2294394A (en) 1994-10-25 1994-10-25 Spinal fixation apparatus forming a supportive cradle

Publications (2)

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GB9421453D0 GB9421453D0 (en) 1994-12-07
GB2294394A true GB2294394A (en) 1996-05-01

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2806615A1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2001-09-28 Cremascolli Ortho S A Vertebral fracture reducing apparatus has fixings shaped to receive cylindrical components holding linking rods
EP1190677A2 (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-03-27 Showa IKA Kohgyo Co., Ltd. Hook cable for fixing atlantoaxial joint and system for fixing the same
WO2002080787A2 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-17 Michael Hahn Fixator and method for fixing a section of a spinal column
FR2863860A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-24 Sdgi Holdings Inc Bone anchor screw for correcting deformations of vertebral column, has longitudinal rods arranged inside head, in sequenced manner in two columns, and cap placed on head in unclamped state, before introduction of rods in head
WO2005072631A1 (en) 2004-01-30 2005-08-11 Sanatmetal Kft. Set of surgical equipment for the fixing of bone pieces
US7137983B2 (en) 2000-11-22 2006-11-21 Sanatmetal Kft Set of surgical instruments for the fixation of vertebrae
EP1800614A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-27 BIEDERMANN MOTECH GmbH Dynamic stabilization device for bones or vertebrae
EP1905368A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-02 DePuy Products, Inc. Flexible bone fixation device
EP1952775A3 (en) * 2004-03-05 2008-11-12 BIEDERMANN MOTECH GmbH Stabilisation device for dynamic stabilisation of spines or bones and rod-like element for such a stabilisation device
US7604653B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2009-10-20 Kitchen Michael S Spinal curvature correction device
US7842037B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2010-11-30 Dupuy Products, Inc. Flexible bone fixation device
US9615867B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2017-04-11 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Multi-rod bone attachment member

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2178323A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-11 Robert S Howland Spine fixation system and method
US4697582A (en) * 1983-10-28 1987-10-06 Peze William Appliance for correcting rachidial deformities

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4697582A (en) * 1983-10-28 1987-10-06 Peze William Appliance for correcting rachidial deformities
GB2178323A (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-11 Robert S Howland Spine fixation system and method

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2806615A1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2001-09-28 Cremascolli Ortho S A Vertebral fracture reducing apparatus has fixings shaped to receive cylindrical components holding linking rods
EP1190677A2 (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-03-27 Showa IKA Kohgyo Co., Ltd. Hook cable for fixing atlantoaxial joint and system for fixing the same
EP1190677A3 (en) * 2000-09-22 2003-10-29 Showa IKA Kohgyo Co., Ltd. Hook cable for fixing atlantoaxial joint and system for fixing the same
US7137983B2 (en) 2000-11-22 2006-11-21 Sanatmetal Kft Set of surgical instruments for the fixation of vertebrae
WO2002080787A2 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-17 Michael Hahn Fixator and method for fixing a section of a spinal column
WO2002080787A3 (en) * 2001-04-06 2003-04-03 Michael Hahn Fixator and method for fixing a section of a spinal column
US10463412B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2019-11-05 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Multi-rod bone attachment member
US9615867B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2017-04-11 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Multi-rod bone attachment member
US7604653B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2009-10-20 Kitchen Michael S Spinal curvature correction device
WO2005058173A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-30 Sdgi Holdings, Inc Device for osteosynthesis of the spine
FR2863860A1 (en) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-24 Sdgi Holdings Inc Bone anchor screw for correcting deformations of vertebral column, has longitudinal rods arranged inside head, in sequenced manner in two columns, and cap placed on head in unclamped state, before introduction of rods in head
WO2005072631A1 (en) 2004-01-30 2005-08-11 Sanatmetal Kft. Set of surgical equipment for the fixing of bone pieces
US8257400B2 (en) 2004-03-05 2012-09-04 Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Stabilization device for the dynamic stabilization of vertebrae or bones and rod like element for such a stabilization device
EP1952775A3 (en) * 2004-03-05 2008-11-12 BIEDERMANN MOTECH GmbH Stabilisation device for dynamic stabilisation of spines or bones and rod-like element for such a stabilisation device
US7601166B2 (en) 2004-03-05 2009-10-13 Biedermann Motech Gmbh Stabilization device for the dynamic stabilization of vertebrae or bones and rod like element for such a stabilization device
JP2007167658A (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-07-05 Biedermann Motech Gmbh Dynamic stabilizer for bone or vertebra
US8192468B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2012-06-05 Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Dynamic stabilization device for bones or vertebrae
US8979902B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2015-03-17 Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Dynamic stabilization device for bones or vertebrae
EP1800614A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-27 BIEDERMANN MOTECH GmbH Dynamic stabilization device for bones or vertebrae
US8114080B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2012-02-14 Depuy Products, Inc. Flexible bone fixation device
US7842037B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2010-11-30 Dupuy Products, Inc. Flexible bone fixation device
EP1905368A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-02 DePuy Products, Inc. Flexible bone fixation device

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Publication number Publication date
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