GB2275123A - Drug dispensing system - Google Patents
Drug dispensing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2275123A GB2275123A GB9301597A GB9301597A GB2275123A GB 2275123 A GB2275123 A GB 2275123A GB 9301597 A GB9301597 A GB 9301597A GB 9301597 A GB9301597 A GB 9301597A GB 2275123 A GB2275123 A GB 2275123A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- drug
- ailment
- dispensing system
- information
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
Abstract
A drug dispensing system for use in dispensing a drug to a patient comprises an input device such as a keyboard (8) or automatic reading device (9) for inputting data on the drug to be dispensed. A printer (10) prints the data on the drug onto a label for application to a container (5) for a dispensed drug. A bar-code reader (2) is provided to read a second label applied to a container (3) for the drug to be dispensed. A processor (D) correlates the input data on the drug with the information read from the label on the container (3). If the processor (D) determines that there is no correlation, display (11) warns the operator. <IMAGE>
Description
DRUG DISPENSING SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a drug dispensing system for dispensing a drug to a patient suffering from an ailment.
The staff of pharmacies are human and therefore prone to human errors which due to the nature of the job can endanger human life. The quality of performance of all staff is subject to all the usual limitations and work loads.
The purpose of the drug dispensing system of the present invention is to introduce non-human related activities that reduces the risks of errors to ensure that the correct drugs are provided to the correct patient for an appropriate ailment.
The present invention provides a drug dispensing system for dispensing a drug to a patient suffering from an ailment, comprising input means for inputting data on the drug to be dispensed; printing means for printing said data on a first label for application to a container for a dispensed drug; reading means adapted to read a second label applied to a container for the drug to be dispensed; processing means adapted to correlate the input data on the drug with information read from the second label; and warning means adapted to generate a warning signal in response to said processing means when no correlation is found.
Preferably the input means is adapted for also inputting information on the patient and the ailment.
In one embodiment the input means is adapted to read data provided on a prescription such as data identifying the physician, the patient, the ailment, the drug, the drug dosage and the drug quantity. The user of this system can then input data identifying the drug manufacturer, the drug code number, the shelf life of the drug, a receiving container size, and the system user. Thus in this embodiment the pharmacist using the system does not need to input a large amount of data since the prescription can be provided in a machine readable format. Further, the data input by the pharmacist can be stored to avoid the necessity for repetitively inputting the data for a number of dispensing operations. Alternatively, the pharmacist is required to enter all the information including the information provided on the prescription.
Preferably the printing means is adapted to print the first label with data thereon identifying at least the patient, the drug, the drug dosage, the drug quantity, and the ailment. In view of the limited space available on the label, the data on the ailment can comprise a code and the system can include means provided to the patient to identify the ailment from the code. Such means can be in the form of a booklet to inform the patient of the ailment for which the drug has been prescribed. This facility provides for better drug management by the patient.
In one embodiment the drug dispensing system includes storage means containing data on the suitability of a drug for treating an ailment, and the processing means is adapted to compare the input data on the drug and the ailment with the data in the storage means and to generate a danger signal if the drug to be dispensed is not suitable for treating the ailment identified in the input data from the ailment. This facility provides a safety check to ensure that the doctor has prescribed a drug which is suitable for treating the ailment afflicting the patient.
The prescription of an unsuitable drug can have disastrous effects.
The drug dispensing system of the present invention is applicable to the dispensing of drugs which come in presealed containers which are to be passed on to the patient, and also to the dispensing of drugs in tablet or capsule form which require weighing and dispensing into containers.
In order to ensure that the system is able to cope with these two forms of dispensing, the system preferably includes data storage means containing information on the drug, the drug supplier, and the supplied form of the drug.
When the drug to be dispensed is provided in sealed containers, which seal is not to be broken during dispensing, the input means is adapted to input data on the drug, the drug dosage, and the drug quantity to be dispensed, and the processing means is adapted to compare the input data with information in the data storage means, and to control the printing means to print a first label for each sealed container required to provide the prescribed drug quantity to the patient.
In one embodiment the printing means is adapted to print the or each first label only after the reading means has read the second label and the processing means has found a correlation between the input data on the drug and the information read from the second label.
When the drug to be dispensed is provided in tablet or capsule form the reading means comprises first reading means arranged to read a second label applied to a store container containing the drug to be dispensed, and second reading means arranged to read the first label when applied to a receiving container for receiving the dispensed drug.
Preferably the system includes receiving container analysing means to analyse the type and size of the container being read by the second reading means to determine whether the type and size is suitable for receiving the drug to be dispensed.
Preferably the processing means is adapted to correlate the information read from the first and second labels and the warning means is adapted to generate a warning signal in response to the processing means when no correlation is found.
In one embodiment the system includes weighing means adapted to be enabled by the processing means when a correlation between the information read from the first and second labels is found, and to receive and weigh the contents of the store container. The system also includes dispensing means responsive to the processing means to dispense the required quantity of the drug from the weighing means to the receiving container, and to return the remainder to the store container.
In this embodiment the system preferably includes storage means containing stocktaking information, wherein the processing means is adapted to compare the measured weight content of the store container with the stocktaking information to check that the stocktaking information is correct, and to update the stocktaking information following the dispensing of the drug.
An example of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawing, which is a schematic drawing of a drug dispensing machine according to one embodiment of the present invention.
The general machine layout is based on three primary
Sections A, B, C and D. The drugs to be dispensed are received in a stock or store container 3 within a bay 1 of
Section A. The bay 1 is provided with a bar code reader 2 to read the manufacturer's bar code provided on the label of the stock container 3.
Section B is provided with a bay 4 into which is placed a receiving container 5 which has had a printed label applied thereto. The type of size of the receiving container 5 is detected by the detector 6 which also includes a bar code reader to read the bar code on the label applied to the receiving container 5.
Section C comprises weighing means 7 to receive and weigh drugs provided in tablet or capsule form. Also within Section c is provided dispensing means to dispense drugs provided in tablet or capsule form such that the required quantity of the drug is delivered to the receiving container 5 whilst the remainder is returned to the stock container 3.
Sections A, B and C are under the control of Section
D which includes processing means and some form of input means which can include a keyboard 8 and a reading means 9 to automatically read the data provided on a prescription.
A printer 10 is also provided to print the labels for the receiving container 5 and Section D further includes a display 11.
The operation of the system will now be described.
At the surgery the physician will provide the patient with a prescription on paper using a computer system which contains information on the name of the patient, the patient registration number, an ailment code and symbol, the prescribed drug, the dosage, and the quantity of the drug to be issued.
The ailment code and symbol is provided to signify to the patient the general medical condition and body area for which the drug is prescribed. For example, blood pressure tablets could have a code \3/. . The sign indicates the heart and the number in it indicates the type of medical condition relating to the heart and blood.
Utilisation of this code and symbol by the patient will be described hereinafter.
The prescription is then provided to the pharmacist and acts as an instruction to provide the specified drugs.
The pharmacist will be provided with the drug dispensing machine illustrated in the drawing and the information on the prescription will be entered into Section D either manually using the keyboard 8 or automatically using the reading means 9. The prescription will not only contain the information entered by the doctor but would automatically contain the name and address of the surgery and the name of the physician.
In addition to the information provided on the prescription additional information is required either to be entered by the pharmacist manually or it will be automatically retrieved from memory. This information includes the drug manufacturer's name, the drug number and bar code, the distributor's supplement identification number, shelf life, container type, container size, name of pharmacy, and name of pharmacist.
Once Section D has all this information, the printer 10 will print a label providing information on the name and address of the surgery, the name of the patient, the patient registration number, the drug type, the drug dosage, the quantity to be issued, the ailment code and symbol, the drug number and bar code, the shelf life, and the name of the pharmacy. This label can then be fixed to the receiving container 5 and the receiving container 5 can then be placed within the bay 4 such that the bar code reader 6 can read the label.
The pharmacist then takes a stock container 3 containing the prescribed drug and places it in the bay 1 with the manufacturer's bar code facing the bar code reader 2. Once the stock container 3 and receiving container 5 are in position the information provided on the labels of the two containers 3 and 5 is simultaneously read and compared. Section C of the machine is only activated when a correlation is found between the information on the labels of the two containers 3 and 5. The machine confirms that the drug selected by the pharmacist and placed in the machine agrees with the drug prescribed by the physician.
If correlation is not found a warning can be indicated on the display 11. Display 11 also provides the confirmation that the selected drug is correct.
Once the machine has provided confirmation of the correct drug selection, Section C is activated and the weighing means 7 is activated to enable the position to empty the contents of the stock container 3 therein. The empty stock container 3 is then replaced back in the bay 1.
The weighing means then weighs the drug and converts the weight into a number of capsules or tablets taken from the stock. This quantity should agree with the stock quantity on stock record within the processing means in
Section D. Any variance is indicated on the display 11 to act as a security check. The drugs are then discharged from Section C by the dispensing means by counting the number of capsules or tablets as instructed into the receiving container 5 in bay 4. The number discharged is automatically subtracted from the weighed quantity and the revised quantity is adjusted on the stock record in the processing means in Section D. On completion of this activity the remainder of the drug is discharged into the stock container 3. The refilled stock container can then be returned to the stock area.The receiving container 5 is then removed from bay 4 and placed in the collection area to await collection by the patient.
The processing means within Section D is also able to control the printer 10 to produce a drug collection/ invoice note. Further, the processing means is able to undertake financial accounting as well as control stock rescheduling when the recorded stock quantity falls below a threshold.
The operation of the drug dispensing machine illustrated in the drawing will now be described with reference to the dispensing of drugs which are supplied in a sealed container from the drug supplier and which must be provided to the patient in the sealed container.
The information is entered into the processing means in Section D in the same manner as described with respect to the dispensing of drugs in tablet or capsule form. The processing means includes a storage means which contains information on the form in which the drug is supplied by the drug manufacturer and the quantity of drugs supplied in a sealed container. The processing means compares the information on the drug to be dispensed with the stored information and determines whether the drug to be dispensed is provided in a sealed container.If this is so then the quantity of drug to be dispensed is compared with the quantity of drug in each sealed container and if more than one sealed container containing the drug is required to fulfil the prescription then the processing means controls the printer 10 to print out the required number of labels so that each sealed container will have a label.
The printing of such a label or labels is not however completed until it is determined that the correct sealed container is provided. The sealed container is placed by the pharmacist within the bay 1 such that the manufacturer's label, including the bar code, can be read by the bar code reader 2. The information read by the bar code reader 2 is then compared with the information input by the pharmacist to ensure that there is a correlation and that the correct drug has been selected. If an incorrect drug has been selected then a warning is displayed on the display 11. Otherwise, the label or labels are printed by the printer 10 so that they can be applied by the pharmacist to the sealed container or containers.
Once the label or labels have been printed the processing means in Section D can update the stock records in a similar manner as that for the dispensing of drugs in tablet or capsule form.
In addition to comparing the codes provided on the containers and the information input by the pharmacist, the drug dispensing machine is also provided with stored information from drug manufacturers on the suitability of a drug for the treatment of an ailment. Thus when information on the drug and the ailment code and symbol is input to the processor in Section D, the processor compares the input information on the drug and the ailment with the stored information on the suitability of the drug. If it is determined that the drug is unsuitable for the ailment for which it has been prescribed according to the input information then a danger sign is displayed on the display 11 warning that either the physician has incorrectly prescribed or there has been an error inputting the data.
This acts as a check to ensure the correct prescription of drugs.
When the patient receives the container containing the prescribed drug, the label on it provides useful information. In particular, the ailment code and symbol can be used to help the patient identify the purpose for which the drug was prescribed. The patient can be provided with some means of identifying the medical condition from the code. Typically, this can be in the form of a booklet in which all the symbols will be shown and against each symbol, data will be provided that will provide information about the ailment. The do's and dont's while taking the drugs together with important observations on potential side effects can all be provided in suitable layman's terms.Further, information can be provided on drug management to ensure the drug is kept and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and this will include the shelf life and the recommended method of disposal.
In another aspect of the present invention the computing means at the surgery of the physician is provided with stored information from drug manufacturers on the suitability of a drug for the treatment of an ailment.
Thus, when the doctor enters the data on the ailment and the proposed drug to be prescribed to treat the ailment, the ailment can be matched with the drug manufacturers' recommendations to determine whether the drug is suitable for the treatment of the ailment. If the proposed drug is unsuitable then a danger sign can be displayed on the display to warn the physician that either the prescription contemplated by the physician is unsuitable or there has been an error in inputting the information. This acts as a safety check for the physician to ensure correct prescriptions.
Thus the present invention provides a drug dispensing system which greatly reduces the risks of human error associated with the correct dispensing of drugs.
Also, the present invention provides a patient with useful information on the ailment for which the drug was prescribed.
Claims (21)
1. A drug dispensing system for use in dispensing a drug to a patient suffering from an ailment, comprising input means for inputting data on the drug to be dispensed; printing means for printing said data on a first label for application to a container for a dispensed drug; reading means adapted to read a second label applied to a container for the drug to be dispensed; processing means adapted to correlate the input data on the drug with information read from the second label; and warning means adapted to generate a warning signal in response to said processing means when no correlation is found.
2. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said input means is adapted for also inputting information on the patient and ailment.
3. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 1 or
Claim 2, wherein said input means is adapted to read data provided on a prescription.
4. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 3, wherein said input means is adapted to read data from the prescription identifying at least the physician, the patient, the ailment, the drug, the drug dosage and the drug quantity.
5. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 4, wherein said input means is adapted to allow a user to input data identifying the drug manufacturer, the drug code number, the shelf life of the drug, a receiving container type, a receiving container size, and the system user.
6. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 1 or
Claim 2, wherein said input means is adapted to allow a user to input data identifying the physician, the patient, the ailment, the drug, the drug dosage, the drug quantity, the drug manufacturer, the drug code number, the shelf life of the drug, a receiving container type, a receiving container size, and the system user.
7. A drug dispensing system as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said printing means is adapted to print said first label with data thereon identifying at least the patient, the drug, the drug dosage, the drug quantity, and the ailment.
8. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 7, wherein the data on the ailment comprises a code and the system includes means provided to the patient to identify the ailment from said code.
9. A drug dispensing system as claimed in any preceding claim including storage means containing data on the suitability of a drug for treating an ailment, and said processing means is adapted to compare the input data on the drug and the ailment with the data in said storage means, and to generate a danger signal if the drug to be dispensed is not suitable for treating the ailment identified in the input data.
10. A drug dispensing system as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the drug to be dispensed is provided in sealed containers, which seal is not to be broken during dispensing, said system including data storage means containing information on the drug, the drug supplier and the supplied form of the drug, said input means being adapted to input data on the drug, the drug dosage, and the drug quantity to be dispensed, said processing means being adapted to compare the input data with the information in said data storage means, and to control said printing means to print a first label for each sealed container required to provide the prescribed drug quantity to the patient.
11. A drug dispensing system as claimed in any preceding claim wherein said printing means is adapted to print the or each first label only after said reading means has read said second label and said processing means has found a correlation between the input data on the drug and the information read from said second label.
12. A drug dispensing system as claimed in any one of
Claims 1 to 9, wherein the drug to be dispensed is provided in tablet or capsule form, wherein said reading means comprises first reading means arranged to read a second label applied to a store container containing the drug to be dispensed, and second reading means arranged to read said first label when applied to a receiving container for receiving the dispensed drug.
13. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 12 including receiving container analysing means adapted to analyse the type and size of the container being read by said second reading means to determine whether the type and size is suitable for receiving the drug to be dispensed.
14. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 12 or
Claim 13, wherein said processing means is adapted to correlate the information read from said first and second labels, and said warning means is adapted to generate a warning signal in response to said processing means when no correlation is found.
15. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 14 including weighing means adapted to be enabled by said processing means when a correlation between information read from said first and second labels is found, and to receive and weigh the contents of said store container; and dispensing means responsive to said processing means to dispense the required quantity of the drug from the weighing means into the receiving container, and to return the remainder to the store container.
16. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 15 including storage means containing stocktaking information, wherein said processing means is adapted to compare the measured weight content of the store container with the stocktaking information to check that the stocktaking information is correct, and to update the stocktaking information following the dispensing of the drug.
17. A drug dispensing system as claimed in any preceding claim including drug data storage means adapted to contain information on the drug, the drug supplier, and the supplied form of the drug.
18. A drug dispensing system for use in dispensing a drug to a patient suffering from an ailment, comprising input means for inputting data on the drug to be dispensed and the ailment, storage means containing information on the suitability of drugs for treating ailments, processing means adapted to compare the input information on the ailment with the information contained in said storage means, and display means adapted to display a warning if said processing means determines that the drug is unsuitable for treating the ailment.
19. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 18 including printing means adapted to print a prescription containing said information on the drug and the ailment.
20. A drug dispensing system as claimed in Claim 19 or
Claim 20 wherein the information on the ailment comprises a code and the system includes means provided to the patient to identify the ailment from said code.
21. A drug dispensing system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9301597A GB2275123B (en) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-01-27 | Drug dispensing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9301597A GB2275123B (en) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-01-27 | Drug dispensing system |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9301597D0 GB9301597D0 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
| GB2275123A true GB2275123A (en) | 1994-08-17 |
| GB2275123B GB2275123B (en) | 1996-07-03 |
Family
ID=10729400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9301597A Expired - Fee Related GB2275123B (en) | 1993-01-27 | 1993-01-27 | Drug dispensing system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2275123B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2342203A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2000-04-05 | Laen & Co Ltd | Drug packaging method |
| WO2006060291A2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-08 | B. Braun Medical Inc. | Apparatus and method for transferring data to a pharmaceutical compounding system |
| US7721914B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-05-25 | Michael Handfield | Container for dispensing medicaments having a compressible medium therein |
| US7757948B2 (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2010-07-20 | Aegate Limited | Authentication system |
| US10327987B1 (en) * | 2010-05-30 | 2019-06-25 | Crisi Medical Systems, Inc. | Medication container encoding, verification, and identification |
| US10492991B2 (en) | 2010-05-30 | 2019-12-03 | Crisi Medical Systems, Inc. | Medication container encoding, verification, and identification |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4164320A (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1979-08-14 | Medical Laboratory Automation, Inc. | Patient and specimen identification means and system employing same |
| EP0271624A1 (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-22 | André Tourette | Method for making a bill of sale for different products |
-
1993
- 1993-01-27 GB GB9301597A patent/GB2275123B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4164320A (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1979-08-14 | Medical Laboratory Automation, Inc. | Patient and specimen identification means and system employing same |
| EP0271624A1 (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-22 | André Tourette | Method for making a bill of sale for different products |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2342203B (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2003-02-19 | Laen & Co Ltd | Drug packaging method |
| GB2342203A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2000-04-05 | Laen & Co Ltd | Drug packaging method |
| US7757948B2 (en) | 2003-05-08 | 2010-07-20 | Aegate Limited | Authentication system |
| US7860603B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-12-28 | Michael Handfield | Medicaments container with medicament authentication mechanism |
| US7917246B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2011-03-29 | Michael Handfield | Lockable medicament dispensing apparatus with authentication mechanism |
| US7721914B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-05-25 | Michael Handfield | Container for dispensing medicaments having a compressible medium therein |
| US7735683B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-06-15 | Michael Handfield | Smart tray for dispensing medicaments |
| US7751933B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-07-06 | Michael Handfield | Smart tray for dispensing medicaments |
| US8112175B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2012-02-07 | Michael Handfield | Methods and apparatus for medicament tracking |
| US7844362B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-11-30 | Michael Handfield | Method of intelligently dispensing medicaments |
| US7949426B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2011-05-24 | Michael Handfield | Medicaments container with display component |
| US7908030B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2011-03-15 | Michael Handfield | Smart tray for dispensing medicaments |
| US7909207B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2011-03-22 | Michael Handfield | Smart tray for dispensing medicaments |
| EP1836663A2 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2007-09-26 | B. Braun Medical Inc. | Apparatus and method for transferring data to a pharmaceutical compounding system |
| WO2006060291A2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-08 | B. Braun Medical Inc. | Apparatus and method for transferring data to a pharmaceutical compounding system |
| EP1836663A4 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2010-01-20 | Braun Medical Inc | Apparatus and method for transferring data to a pharmaceutical compounding system |
| EP2466303A1 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2012-06-20 | B. Braun Medical, Inc. | Apparatus and method for transferring data to a pharmaceutical compounding system |
| US10327987B1 (en) * | 2010-05-30 | 2019-06-25 | Crisi Medical Systems, Inc. | Medication container encoding, verification, and identification |
| US10492991B2 (en) | 2010-05-30 | 2019-12-03 | Crisi Medical Systems, Inc. | Medication container encoding, verification, and identification |
| US10813836B2 (en) | 2010-05-30 | 2020-10-27 | Crisi Medical Systems, Inc. | Medication container encoding, verification, and identification |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2275123B (en) | 1996-07-03 |
| GB9301597D0 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20020127 |