GB2052251A - Method of controlling the operation of an automatic washing machine - Google Patents

Method of controlling the operation of an automatic washing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2052251A
GB2052251A GB8014867A GB8014867A GB2052251A GB 2052251 A GB2052251 A GB 2052251A GB 8014867 A GB8014867 A GB 8014867A GB 8014867 A GB8014867 A GB 8014867A GB 2052251 A GB2052251 A GB 2052251A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
measuring
machine
washing
water
controlling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB8014867A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Licentia Oy
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Licentia Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH, Licentia Oy filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of GB2052251A publication Critical patent/GB2052251A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0021—Regulation of operational steps within the washing processes, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending from the detergent nature or from the condition of the crockery
    • A47L15/0026—Rinsing phases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0021—Regulation of operational steps within the washing processes, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending from the detergent nature or from the condition of the crockery
    • A47L15/0028—Washing phases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4297—Arrangements for detecting or measuring the condition of the washing water, e.g. turbidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/14—Arrangements for detecting or measuring specific parameters
    • D06F34/22—Condition of the washing liquid, e.g. turbidity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/11—Water hardness, acidity or basicity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/30—Variation of electrical, magnetical or optical quantities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/01—Water supply, e.g. opening or closure of the water inlet valve
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/02—Water discharge, e.g. opening or closure of discharge valve
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/07—Consumable products, e.g. detergent, rinse aids or salt
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/30—Regulation of machine operational steps within the washing process, e.g. performing an additional rinsing phase, shortening or stopping of the drying phase, washing at decreased noise operation conditions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/20—Washing liquid condition, e.g. turbidity
    • D06F2103/22—Content of detergent or additives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/02—Water supply
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/42—Detergent or additive supply
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/52—Changing sequence of operational steps; Carrying out additional operational steps; Modifying operational steps, e.g. by extending duration of steps

Abstract

A method of controlling the operation of an automatic clothes or dish washing machine comprises measuring the surface tension and/or the water hardness and/or the electrical conductivity and/or the pH value of the washing liquid for the machine, and regulating the volume of water supplied to the machine and/or the number of changes of such water, and/or the metering of at least one additive in dependence on the measurement(s) made.

Description

SPECIFICATION Method of monitoring and controlling the operation of an automatic washing machine The present invention relates to a method of monitoring and controlling an operating program, especially the water feed and/or the addition of cleaning or rinsing agents, of an automatic clothes or dish washing machine.
In automatic washing machines available on the market, a particular quantity of washing powder selected for the preliminary and main wash according to the prescription of the washing agent manufacturer, or the generally used rinsing agent for a particular rinsing operation, is introduced before the start of the washing process into chambers of a rinsing tub. The chambers, which are connected with a water connection and the rinsing container of the machine, are rinsed and emptied under programmed operation of the machine, so that for certain washing operations the associated cleaning or rinsing agent is supplied to the rinsing container and the water content thereof.
In addition, the known automatic washing machines contain a program selector switch for setting of the desired program, which is related to the nature of the laundry to be washed and the degree of soiling of the laundry articles, and program control device, in which appropriate laundering programs are stored by mechanical and/or electrical means in such a manner that during the machine operation the water feed, heating, laundry movement and water drainage are carried out in the desired sequence.
The commercially available laundering agents contain different effective substances, which are present in particular weight proportion ratios. In general, the complex phosphate content of such an agent is sufficiently high for the agent to meet washing requirements at, for example, water hardnesses of about 20 dH. Since this water hardness is present in only a few parts of the country, an excess amount of phosphates is usually employed in washing operations in the soft water regions. This leads to unnecessary waste of the effective substance and additional environmental pollution. On the other hand, if the metering recommendations for lower water hardness regions are followed, then the washing operation can in some cases be carried out with an insufficient amount of detergent, which means that the laundry is not washed properly.In addition, although laundering agent manufacturer provide metering recommendations on packaging of the agents, there is a tendency for users to use an excess amount of the agent when adding the agent by hand, which leads to pollution of the environment.
In German (Fed. Rep.) patent specification No. 25 54 592, there is disclosed a method of laundering textiles, in which separately stored effective substances or combinations thereof (for example, active substances for washing, framework substances, bleaching agents, catalysts, organic acids and soft rinsing agents) are fed in metered amounts and pumpable form to the washing liquid before or during the washing process. On the presumption that the effective substances of the washing agent are present in separate, pumpable form, the quantity of framework substances or phosphates to be added is adjusted, depending on the water hardness at the site of the machine, during the installation of the machine according to instructions of the machine manufacturer.
There is accordingly a need for a method which with energy-saving and environmentally compatible operation of the machine, provides a good cleaning result and wherein the metering of additives depends on the water hardness, the quantity and the degree of soiling of the articles to be washed by the machine.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of monitoring and controlling an operating program of an automatic washing machine, the method comprising the steps of measuring at least one of the surface tension, water hardness and electrical conductivity of washing liquid for the machine with the aid of measuring means of the machine and so controlling the machine program by electrical control means in dependence on such measurement as to control at least one of the volume of water supplied to the machine, the number of changes of such water and the metering of at least one additive.
In such a method, washing and rinsing agents dissolved in the water lower the surface tension of the washing liquid and increase electrical conductivity, as well as increase the pH-value in dependence on the concentration of agents in the liquid.
Examples of the present invention will now be more particularly described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a graph with a plotted line showing the dependence of washing liquid surface tension on the concentration in the liquid of a washing agent; Figure 2 is a graph with a plotted line showing the dependence of the pH-value of the liquid on the concentration therein of the washing agent at a certain temperature; and Figure 3 is a graph with a plotted line showing the dependence of the specific electrical conductivity of a washing liquid at 60"C of the washing agent concentration.
Referring now to the drawings, mains water fed to a clothes or dish washing machine has a higher surface tension which is strongly reduced by the smallest additions of surface-active substances. This effect is provided in washing agents by all the usual active substances, such as soaps, ionic or anionic tensides, and is the basis and a prerequisite for all successful washing operations. For the performance of a washing operation which is optimal with respect to result, rationality and automation considerations, the concentration of the washing agent can be adjusted by controlling the surface tension to be a predetermined value. In addition, by measurement of the surface tension it can be determined how many rinsing operations are needed.The sensitivity of the regulating magnitude at low washing agent concentrations is particularly favourable in such regulating operations by the measurement magnitude "surface tension". This measurement magnitude includes the adhesive force associated therewith. The measurement of the surface tension can take place by a known method, for example by bubble pressure measurement, use of a tensiometer or stactometer, or by the height of rise method.
Trials have shown that the addition of a washing agent for the performance of a complete washing program in a commercially available automatic washing machine can be stopped once a surface tension ofthewashing liquid of 37.10-5 N/cm (37 dynes/cm) has been reached. As a surface tension of 69.1 0As N/cm was measured after a fourth rinsing operation and this value corresponded to a washing agent concentration which did not exceed the permissible residual content of washing agent content, a fifth rinsing operation - which normally is automatically provided in a conventional automatic washing machine - is not needed.
The pH-value of mains water is increased up to a certain value by the quantity of the washing agent.
This increase is dependent on concentration, as shown in Figure 2 for a washing agent at 90 C. For the washing operation, the optimum concentration for a typical washing agent is about 5 grams per litre.
A certain pH-value corresponds to this value at a certain temperature. If this pH-value is not present at the start of the washing, the washing agent concentration is too low compared with the optimum concentration. By means of a sensor measuring the pH-value, the agent concentration can be brought to the desired value. This also applies to further metering in the event that the agent is consumed during the washing. Similarly, such a sensor can be utilised for limitation of the number of rinsing operations, for example when the pH-value during the rinsing operations approaches or equals the pH-value of the incoming mains water. The monitor ing of the pH-value value can be performed in a simple and known manner, for example with a pH-value measuring device and a single rod measuring electrode as a sensor.The signal delivered by the sensor can, however, be fed directly to the control circuit for the program course.
To monitor the pH-value, the pH-sensor can be incorporated in a commercially available type of automatic washing machine so that it is in contact with the washing liquid or the rinsing water. During a washing operation at 90 C with household articles soiled with, for example, fat, a washing agent is intially adde until the pH-value of the liquid is 9.5, thus at the value which corresponds to the optimum concentration. During the course of the washing program, the pH-value drops to 9.3 due to consumption of the agent, whereupon a further quantity of the agent is added until the pH-value is again 9.5. As a result there is neither over use not under use of the agent. After the fourth rinsing operation, the rinsing water has a pH-value of 7.2, which is equal to the pH-value of the mains water used.The entire rinsing operation, originally controlled by the program switching mechanism to provide five individual rinsing cycles, can thus be stopped after the fourth rinsing cycle, which corresponds to a water saving of about 19 litres yet provides a good overall washing result.
Mains water possesses a certain electrical conductivity by virtue of the salts dissolved therein. Since washing agents, due to the dissociable components contained therein, appreciably increase the electrical conductivity of the water in dependence on concentration, the measurement of conductivity is particu larly suitable for use in terminating the rinsing operation in a washing machine. When the value of the conductivity of the mains water has been reached in the rinsing water, then the soiling components and the cleaning agent residues have been removed from the rinsing container and the articles being washed, and further rinsing cycles are not needed. The conductivity measurement can be carried out with commercially available measuring devices and conductivity measuring electrodes as a sensor.
In an advantageous manner, the pH-value of the washing liquid is measured to enable metering of the washing agent to an optimum agent concentration, and the electrical conductivity of the liquid is measured and compared with that of the fresh water for determination of the degree of cleanliness of the liquid in the course of the individual rinsing operations.

Claims (9)

1. A method of monitoring and controlling an operating program of an automatic washing machine, the method comprising the steps of measuring at least one of the surface tension, water hardness and electrical conductivity of washing liquid for the machine with the aid of measuring means of the machine and so controlling the machine program by electrical control means in dependence on such measurement as to control at least one of the volume of water supplied to the machine, the number of changes of such water and the metering of at least one additive.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of measuring comprises measuring at least one of the surface tension, adhesive force, electrical conductivity or pH-value of the washing liquid with the aid of at least one sensor arranged in at least one measuring location in the machine.
3. A method as claimed in either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the step of controlling comprises transmitting measurement magnitudes to the electrical control means for comparison with predetermined magnitudes and determination or variation of at least one of the supplied water volume, the number of changes of the water and the metered quantity of at least one additive.
4. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of measuring comprises measuring the surface tension of the washing water by a tensiometer or a stactometer.
5. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of measuring comprises measuring the surface tension of the washing liquid by measuring at least one of the bubble pressure in the water and the height of rise of the water.
6. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of measuring comprises measuring the electrical conductivity of the washing liquid, the method comprising the further step of terminating one of a washing operation and a rinsing operation of the machine in dependence of the measured conductivity.
7. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of measuring comprises measuring the pH-value of the washing liquid and the step of controlling comprises setting the concentration of a washing agent in dependence on the measured pH-value.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of measuring further comprises measuring the electrical conductivity of each washing liquid during operation of the machine and fresh water to be used in the machine and the step of controlling comprises comparing measured amounts of conductivity of the washing liquid with those of the fresh water and metering the supply of washing agent in dependence on the comparison result.
9. A method of monitoring and controlling an operation program of an automatic washing machine, the method being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB8014867A 1979-05-03 1980-05-02 Method of controlling the operation of an automatic washing machine Withdrawn GB2052251A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792917859 DE2917859A1 (en) 1979-05-03 1979-05-03 METHOD FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING THE PROGRAM, ESPECIALLY THE WATER INLET AND / OR THE CLEANING OR. ADDITION OF DETERGENT IN AUTOMATIC WASHING AND DISHWASHER

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2052251A true GB2052251A (en) 1981-01-28

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GB8014867A Withdrawn GB2052251A (en) 1979-05-03 1980-05-02 Method of controlling the operation of an automatic washing machine

Country Status (4)

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DE (1) DE2917859A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2455648A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2052251A (en)
IT (1) IT1131108B (en)

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IT1131108B (en) 1986-06-18
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DE2917859C2 (en) 1990-11-15
FR2455648A1 (en) 1980-11-28

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