FR3059834A1 - REMOVABLE BATTERY SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES AND REMOVABLE ENERGY STORAGE UNITS AND CONNECTION BUCKERS OF SUCH UNITS REMOVABLE TO THE VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a removable battery system for electric and hybrid vehicles as well as removable energy storage units and connection lockers of these units to the rest of the vehicle. The current state of the art is that the battery is considered a rigid and indivisible whole. Because of its design and approach, the invention object of this patent is to overcome the constraints of cost and complexity inherent in the field of the invention. The battery pack consists of a mobile fixed system of removable energy storage units and autonomous units. The locker block is connected to the rest of the vehicle by fastening links and electrical connections and uses. The block of lockers will have the advantage of being waterproof, to be able to go down and up when necessary and will have an opening door. The manipulation of the sealed battery pack will be done through an automated system with controls on the dashboard.

Description

® FRENCH REPUBLIC

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY © Publication number: 3,059,834 (to be used only for reproduction orders) (© National registration number: 16 01736

COURBEVOIE © IntCI ⁸

H01 M 10/04 (2017.01), H 01 M 10/48, 2/10

A1 PATENT APPLICATION

©) Date of filing: 05.12.16. © Applicant (s): ARKOD INNOVATION— FR. (© Priority: @ Inventor (s): OSSENI KAYODE OLATOUNDJI ELFARID. (43) Date of public availability of the request: 08.06.18 Bulletin 18/23. ©) List of documents cited in the report preliminary research: Refer to end of present booklet (© References to other national documents ® Holder (s): ARKOD INNOVATION. related: ©) Extension request (s): © Agent (s): ARKOD INNOVATION.

FR 3 059 834 - A1

REMOVABLE BATTERY SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES AND REMOVABLE ENERGY STORAGE UNITS AND CONNECTION CABINETS FOR SUCH REMOVABLE VEHICLE UNITS.

The present invention relates to a removable battery system for electric and hybrid vehicles as well as the removable energy storage units and the lockers for connecting these units to the rest of the vehicle.

The current state of the art wants the battery to be considered as a rigid and indivisible whole. Due to its design and approach, the invention which is the subject of the present patent wishes to overcome the constraints of cost and complexity inherent in the field of the invention.

The battery pack consists of a fixed mobile system of removable lockers and autonomous energy storage units. The locker block is connected to the rest of the vehicle by fixing links and electrical and usage connections. The block of lockers will have the advantage of being watertight, of being able to descend and ascend if necessary and will have an opening door. The handling of the waterproof battery pack will be done through an automated system with controls on the dashboard.

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REMOVABLE BATTERY SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES AND REMOVABLE ENERGY STORAGE UNITS AND CONNECTION CABINETS FOR SUCH REMOVABLE VEHICLE UNITS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a removable battery system for electric and hybrid vehicles as well as the removable energy storage units and the lockers for connecting these units to the rest of the vehicle.

STATE OF THE ART

It is foreseeable that in both stationary and mobile applications (electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles, etc.), the level of consumer demand in terms of performance in terms of charging and recharging time of the vehicle will be higher and higher. This will require, on the one hand, the development of high performance batteries and, on the other hand, the deployment of techniques and methods for the rapid provision of energy in vehicle batteries.

A battery system has a set of battery cells. These battery cells can be connected in series, to have a higher electric voltage output or in parallel to increase the maximum electric current and capacity. Thus, the battery cells can be grouped into battery modules or battery units. To make battery systems, relatively complex structures are used. This complexity of the structure is spread over several levels.

In the current state of knowledge and practice, vehicle batteries are made up of fixed energy storage units connected to each other. These units are assembled in fixed blocks constituting the battery. The battery thus constituted is fixed to the vehicle and constitutes an indivisible whole. The current state of the art wants the battery to be considered as a rigid and indivisible whole. This implies a non-replacement of the used units and a very large system, the handling of which, when necessary, turns out to be complex and requires the implementation of specific and expensive systems and devices. Several devices for handling this assembly constituting the battery have been developed by manufacturers with the same constant, namely a specialized and expensive device. Due to its design and approach, the invention which is the subject of this patent seeks to overcome the constraints of cost and complexity inherent in the field of the invention.

PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION

The aim of this invention is to considerably reduce the time for providing energy in electric vehicles. "In doing so" this will contribute to its attractiveness "and therefore" to the generalization of its use. To a large extent, this invention will also contribute to the development of service stations supplying electrical energy, whether self-service or not. ”In addition to the increases in battery performance, the major obstacle to the democratization of electric vehicles remains the difficulty of fast charging. "We are therefore planning to set up a device which allows systems directly integrated into the vehicle body to accommodate removable electric vehicle battery packs." The setting up of this device will, if necessary, remove used battery units and connect new units in record time ”

Indeed, the fact of compartmentalizing the battery into a set of removable autonomous energy storage units (UAASE) of low weight and dimensions allows in case of need to make additional energy without having to recharge the system. This allows, as is done for vehicle wheels, to have when necessary "emergency charging units (UAASE) in the trunk. These units have the advantage of not being flammable and / or explosive. Above all, it allows you to access energy in record time when you need it. This through the deployment on the territory of service stations for electrical energy. The units (UAASE) loaded will be available at these service stations. It will therefore be a question for the user to change these units if necessary. The choice will also be left to the user who wishes to recharge these units in free access charging stations.

PRESENTATION AND BENEFITS OF THE INVENTION

To this end, the invention allows the installation of a removable battery device for electric and hybrid vehicles.

The subject of the invention is a system of removable lockers capable of accommodating autonomous energy storage units (UAASE). The whole constituting a removable battery of vehicles. The device and the method according to the invention have the advantage of considerably reducing the "vehicle battery" charging times. In doing so, make the timeframes for making energy available comparable in electric and fossil fuel vehicles. The idea through this innovation is to make the electric vehicle attractive and popularize its use. In addition, it will be a question here of participating through this invention in reducing the manufacturing and acquisition costs of electric and hybrid vehicles. In fact, electric batteries constitute a preponderant part of the cost of acquiring electric vehicles. Within the framework of our invention, two things could be developed.

For new vehicle designs and manufacturing, it will be a question of integrating the concept of removable battery from the manufacturing of the vehicle. Thus, new vehicles will have this system from the factory assembly phase. The various elements of charge status control and maneuvering controls will appear on the vehicle dashboard. The same will apply to safety information (wear, heating, etc.).

For existing vehicles on the market, the process is likely to be integrated. Indeed, it will be a question of replacing the batteries with a removable block with the same dimensions to be fixed directly instead. However, orders can only be manual for existing vehicles already on the market.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The main technical revolution relates to the battery system (9) broken down into an autonomous removable energy storage unit and the storage compartments of these units. Concretely, the battery pack (fig.l) is made up of a fixed mobile system of lockers (fig.2) and of autonomous removable energy storage units (fig.3). The locker block is connected to the rest of the vehicle by fixing links and electrical and usage connections. The locker block will have the advantage of being waterproof, of being able to go down and up if necessary and will have an opening door. The handling of the waterproof battery pack will be done through an automated system with controls on the dashboard. A second manual battery pack handling system will be available. The manual system will consist of a set of pulleys, cables, gears and wheels. Since the automatic system requires a minimum of energy, the manual system will take over in the event of a total lack of energy (dead battery).

In current vehicles on the market, it will be envisaged to essentially fix the manual system. However, in the new generations, the device will be automated and manual. An energy background threshold which can only be consumed by the device is reserved. As soon as this threshold is reached during operation, the vehicle will be blocked and will no longer operate. This threshold will constitute a strategic operating reserve for the vehicle.

1. The battery

The battery consists of removable self-contained energy storage units (fig. 3). The autonomous units are mounted in series. The removable energy storage units are distributed along the vehicle. Access and management of these units is from the driver's side of the vehicle.

The opening and closing of the blocks will be done directly at the driver level. A second manual control will be attached to the vehicle. The removable units will operate as an individual battery. This will have the double advantage of allowing either to charge them at the terminal, or to replace them in a dedicated service station.

1.1 The removable energy storage unit

This unit (fig.3) consists of a rigid envelope containing Lithium-ion batteries. Each unit is energetically autonomous, has positive and negative metal electrodes. Each unit consists of a series connection of lithium-ion battery modules connected in parallel. Each module consists of batteries mounted in parallel with a contact plate above and a contact plate below. The contact plates will ensure current conduction and will be made of copper or aluminum materials. Each module will ideally deliver a nominal capacity of 247.90Ah.

The lithium-ion batteries connected in series are grouped in a block. The block has two positive and negative terminals (the electrodes) and is the removable, self-contained energy storage unit. Each unit consisting of battery modules can be removed and recharged independently. The depletion of the removable energy storage unit will be displayed on the dashboard and will let the driver know that the units are faulty.

The direction of connection of the self-contained removable energy storage unit is shown on this one. This allows its introduction into the locker system calibrated for this purpose. The low weight of these units favors easy handling.

1.2 The lifting and lowering system of the mobile battery pack

The system is similar to that developed for elevators. It consists of a set of handling cables, pulleys and gear systems. The cable entry holes are located in the enclosure system enclosure. The cables remain on one side, embedded in the vehicle floor. The cables are wound and unwound on the opposite side.

1.3 The system of reception lockers for removable energy storage units

We are talking here about a mobile device in ascent and descent whose function is to accommodate autonomous removable energy storage units (UAASE). This device can be operated using a cable and pulley system as developed in 1.2. The locker system has two positive and negative electrodes (terminals) on its upper external face. These electrodes can be connected to the vehicle thanks to a system of two connection holes directly installed on the vehicle body. These holes provide the electrical and electronic connection of the locker system to the rest of the vehicle.

Concretely, when it is mounted in the vehicle, the locker system is automatically placed in its reception location. This location has two connection holes. In these holes penetrate the electrodes, as and when the block of mobile lockers in its reserved location.

1.3.1 The structure envelope

The envelope of the structure consists of a rigid waterproof block made of plastic material. This envelope is provided in its structure with a set of electrical networks and systems dedicated to the ascent and descent of the device.

The envelope of the structure has on its upper face, two electrodes to which the connection holes of the rack system are directly connected. The objective here is that the energy collected from the UAASE is available at the electrodes of the enclosure via the connection orifices located in each rack.

1.3.2 The door hinge

The device (5) makes it possible to link the locker system to the closing door (4). The device in length allows the manipulation of the door and its articulation in open and closed position. The device has a set of holes with sheaths dedicated to the passage of electric cables. This collects information from the sensors in the locker holes and makes it available at the screen on the door. This information will be of the same type as that made available on the vehicle dashboard. It will include information on the state of charge of the various ASEAN and the temperature rises in the lockers.

1.3.3 Laporte

The door (4) allows the system to be closed and sealed. It allows access to the locker system during the introduction and / or withdrawal of UAASE. The door has a screen on which information relating to the energy status of the units (UAASE) as well as that relating to the state at the temperatures available at the holes for receiving the electrodes of the UAASE in the lockers is disseminated. This information is transmitted to the door screen. Information is collected through sensors in the holes in the UAASE lockers. The information is transmitted via an electronic network passing through the door structure.

In addition to these elements, the door is provided on its internal face with the ejection controls for the various UAASEs located in the lockers.

1.3.4 The holes in the door closing system

We are talking about holes going through the door, and through which elements 2 and 3 pass (door closing systems). Once the door (4) has been reassembled, the lock for the locking system (2) of the locker door is turned and therefore activated.

1.3.5 The door closing system

It consists of a rigid structure (3) and a lock system (2). This system is used to close the door and make it watertight.

1.3.6 The rail system

The fixing rails of the removable self-contained energy storage unit (6) serve as support for their reception. There is talk of a device that is used on the one hand when introducing UAASE into the lockers. On the other hand, they keep the UAEAS in the lockers and block them.

1.3.7 The locking system of the removable self-contained energy storage unit

This system (7) has dual mechanical and electronic controls. The system is used to hold and fix the UAASE in the lockers. Concretely, it is a stud-type system which is triggered by the high pressure which is exerted on the spring located in the holes for receiving the electrodes of the ASEA.

1.3.8 The connection holes of the removable self-contained energy storage unit

The orifices (8) are calibrated to accommodate the electrodes of the UAASE. The connection ports have a spring and two sensors.

1.3.9 The sensors

In the connection holes (8) of the UAASE to the rack system are sensors. These sensors are of two types. A first category consists of temperature sensor. A second category consists of charge state sensor. These elements provide real-time information on the situation of the ASEAN and whether or not they are capable of performing their functions. The information collected by these sensors is broadcast on the dashboard as well as on the screen found on the door of the lockers.

1.3.10 The spring system

At the bottom of each hole for the reception of the ASEAN electrodes (8) is a spring. On the one hand, it provides the electrical and electronic connection of the UAASE to the locker system. On the other hand, it serves as a tool for ejecting the ASEAN from its home locker. The trigger control for this spring is manual and electronic.

1.3.11 The system of connection of the removable autonomous energy storage unit to the lockers This function is ensured by the presence of a spring as well as the sensors located in the fixing holes of the UAASE.

2. Battery connection principle

The storage units are sized to fit into the lockers. The direction of insertion of the units in the locker is indicated on each one. The connectors are on the storage unit and will be directly connected to its receiving port as soon as it reaches the bottom of the locker. A spring system is located at the bottom of each orifice and provides both the electrical connection of the storage unit to the vehicle, and the ejection tool of this unit in the event that the corresponding control is engaged. As soon as the electrical connection between the storage unit and the locker block is established, the holding systems are mechanically engaged. The support system is supported by a watertight door system which will ensure the safety and watertightness of the device.

The connection ports are fitted with temperature sensors. The aim is to inform about possible increases in battery temperatures.

NOMENCLATURE OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE DRAWINGS

1- Passage opening of the door closing system

2- Lock of the door closing system

3- Rigid structure of the door closing system

4- Watertight door for closing the lockers for autonomous and removable energy storage units

5- Long door hinge

6- Fixing rail of the removable energy storage unit

7- Blocking system and maintains the removable energy storage unit

8- Orifice with spring and temperature and charge state sensor

9- Battery pack

Claims (4)

1.) Removable battery device for electric and hybrid vehicles, characterized in that it comprises removable energy storage units integrating reception lockers and connecting these units to the rest of the vehicle, the device operating by with a double manual and electronic control allowing it to go up and down as well as the blocking of the removable autonomous energy storage unit. 2.) removable battery device for electric and hybrid vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the receptacles and connection of the removable energy storage units are provided with rails (6) for introduction, fixing and removing removable self-contained energy storage units as well as a system for locking the removable self-contained energy storage unit in the lockers (7). 3.) removable battery device for electric and hybrid vehicles according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the lockers are provided with connection orifices (8) of the removable independent energy storage units, within which are sensors temperature, state of charge sensors, as well as a spring system which ensures the electrical connection then the ejection of the autonomous energy storage unit as soon as the corresponding command is activated. 4.) removable battery device for electric and hybrid vehicles according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it is constituted by a structural envelope having on its upper face, two electrodes to which are directly connected the connection orifices of the rack system (8), a door hinge device (5) provided with a set of orifices with sheaths dedicated to the passage of electric cables, a door provided with a screen (4) on which information relating to the energy state of the removable autonomous energy storage units as well as those relating to the state of charge and the temperatures available at the orifices (8) for receiving the electrodes of the removable autonomous energy storage units in the lockers, and the objective of which is to allow access to the locker system during the introduction and / or removal of the removable autonomous energy storage units, which door is provided with: ur its internal face of the ejection controls of the various independent removable energy storage units located in the lockers, as well as two through holes for its closure system (1). Page 1 of 7 00 • PM vd Page 2 of 7 CA ώ • RM ta rn Page 3 of 7 Page 4 of 7