FR3051270A1 - DEVICE FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION RELATING TO AIR QUALITY, IN PARTICULAR FOR AN AIR DEPOLLUTION DEVICE OF A SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

A device (DF) provides information relating to the quality of the outside air to a system (V). This device (DF) comprises processing means (MT) arranged to estimate at least one type of pollution and an associated outside air quality value in the vicinity of a given position of the system (V) as a function of a given day, a set of meteorological data concerning this neighborhood of the given position for that given day, and a correspondence table between, on the one hand, types of pollution and air quality values outside, and on the other hand, geographical areas of known positions, periods of the year, and meteorological datasets.

Description

The invention relates to air pollution. The invention relates to the provision of information relating to the quality of the air, in particular for an air pollution control device of a system.

When certain meteorological conditions are met and / or when one is in certain geographical areas (for example urban, industrial, agricultural) or located in the vicinity of one of the aforementioned types of zone, the outside air may be polluted by pollutants, such as dust (large sizes), fine particles (for example of the PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 type), and odorless gases (for example nitrogen oxide (or ΝΟχ), or carbon monoxide (or CO)), or odorous (for example a carbon gas type CxHy).

To determine the quality of the air in a reception area of a system, such as for example a vehicle or a building, or outside, it is conventional to use sensors responsible for carrying out measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species (usually pollutants in gaseous or solid form). For example, a sensor may comprise one or more resistive elements in MOX ("Metal Oxide Semiconductor") technology, and each having a resistance varying as a function of the concentration of a single odorless gas, such as, for example, carbon dioxide. nitrogen (or NO 2) or carbon monoxide (or CO), or odorous, such as a carbon gas type CxHy.

When they are part of a system with a reception area, such as a vehicle or a building, these sensors generally provide the air quality values they have determined to a pollution control device in charge of clean up the air that feeds the reception area. It will be noted that such a depollution device can either be part of an air treatment system installation, such as for example a heating and / or air conditioning system, or be additional equipment and operate independently of such an installation. air treatment.

These sensors are quite expensive and / or relatively bulky, their use is still relatively limited. Thus, they do not equip mobile communication equipment (smartphones (or "smartphones") or electronic tablets), as well as many motor vehicles and many buildings. When a mobile communication system or equipment lacks an air quality sensor, it can not be informed of the air quality value in the geographic area where it is located unless it can interrogate an information site via a communication network (generally not wired). This information site is for example hosted by a server, and made available to customers by a public or private company. The purpose of the invention is therefore to allow the local supply of values relating to the quality of the outside air in the absence of air quality sensors locally.

It proposes for this purpose a first device for providing information relating to the quality of the outside air, and comprising processing means arranged to estimate at least one type of pollution and an associated outside air quality value. in the vicinity of a given position according to a given day, a set of meteorological data concerning that neighborhood of the given position for that given day, and a correspondence table between, on the one hand, types (or natures) of pollution and outdoor air quality values, and, on the other hand, geographical areas of known positions, times of the year, and meteorological datasets.

Thus, a user or a depollution device can have at any time, and in the absence of air quality sensor, an outdoor air quality value based on previous values recorded in the geographical area. in which it is located, for a period corresponding to the time considered and weather conditions corresponding to those in progress in that geographical area.

The first device according to the invention can comprise other characteristics that can be taken separately or in combination, and in particular: its processing means can be arranged to build the correspondence table as a function of historical data received and representative of types of data; pollution and associated average outdoor air quality values determined for different geographical areas of known positions, different periods of the year and different sets of meteorological data respectively; alternatively, its processing means may be arranged to use a part of a correspondence table received and comprising historical data representative of types of pollution and associated average values of the external air quality determined respectively for geographical areas in which the first device has already passed; it may also comprise search means arranged to search for updates of the correspondence table. The invention also proposes a second device, on the one hand, dedicated to the depollution of air for a system comprising a closed reception space and supplied with air and communication means at least adapted to receiving data, and on the other hand, comprising a first information providing device of the type of the one presented above and able to provide at least one type of pollution and an associated outside air quality value in the vicinity of a the position of the system for a current day and for a set of meteorological data received and concerning this position for this current day, and control means arranged to determine and control a strategy for depolluting the air supplying the reception area by depending on the type of pollution and the associated outside air quality value provided.

For example, these control means can be arranged to determine and control an air pollution control strategy chosen from (at least) a closure of an air supply flap of the system and a triggering of a depollution program air from the outside and / or air contained inside the reception area. The invention also proposes a system comprising a closed reception space and supplied with air, communication means at least adapted to receive data, and at least one second air pollution control device of the type of that presented above. .

For example, this system may also comprise an air treatment installation comprising the second aforementioned air pollution control device and a clean air supply flap to take different positions to control the supply of air from outside. the reception area and / or air from the interior of the reception area. In this case, the control means of the second air pollution control device can be arranged to control the position of the air supply flap during time phases of depollution of the pollution control strategy.

Also for example, this system may constitute a vehicle, possibly of automotive type, and comprising locating means arranged to provide the current position of the system to the processing means of the first information providing device of the second depollution device of air. In this case, its communication means may be able to receive data by waves for the processing means of the first information supply device of the second air pollution control device. Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description below, and the attached drawing, in which the single figure schematically and functionally illustrates a vehicle coupled to a communication network and comprising an installation. air treatment device comprising an exemplary embodiment of an air pollution control device comprising a device for providing information relating to the quality of the outside air according to the invention. The purpose of the invention is in particular to propose a first device DF dedicated to providing information relating to the quality of the outside air.

In what follows, it is considered, by way of non-limiting example, that the first device DF is part of a vehicle V type automotive, such as a car. But the invention is not limited to this application.

Indeed, a first device (providing information relating to the quality of the outside air) DF can be part of any system comprising at least one reception area of people, closed and supplied with outside air. Therefore, a first device DF can, for example, be part of a land vehicle, maritime (or fluvial), or air, or a building, or an installation, possibly of industrial type, or of mobile communication equipment (smart phone (or "smartphone"), or electronic tablet). But a first device DF can also be a communicating electronic equipment autonomous, possibly transportable.

One schematically and functionally represented in the single figure an example of a system V (here a vehicle) including, in particular, a reception space H closed (here a cabin), communication means MCN adapted to connect (here by wave channel) to an RC communication network, and a first device (providing information relating to the quality of outside air) DF according to the invention.

Note that the communication means MCN must be clean, at least to receive data (here by wave).

In the example shown in non-limiting manner in the single figure, the first device DF is part of a second device DD dedicated to the depollution of the air and which is itself part of an IT air treatment plant. of the vehicle V, responsible for supplying the passenger compartment Fl with treated air. But the first device DF could be external to this second device (depollution) DD, just as the latter (DD) could be additional equipment dedicated to the depollution within his system (here a vehicle) and functioning independently of the IT air treatment plant. In the case of a vehicle, this additional equipment can, for example, be installed under a seat or in a central console located between two seats.

Here, the IT air treatment installation is a heating / air conditioning installation installed in the engine compartment of the vehicle V and intended to supply the passenger compartment Fl with treated air. But the IT air treatment plant could be a heating installation or an air conditioning installation. Such an installation (heating / cooling) IT comprises, here, a second device (air depollution) DD, a blower, a cold loop (or air conditioning loop), a hot loop (or heating loop), and an air supply shutter.

The blower is supplied with air coming from outside the cockpit H and / or with air coming from the interior of the cabin H (or recirculated (or recycled) air) by the air supply flap (or air inlet).

The cold loop is supplied with air by the blower via a conduit which comprises, for example, a pollution control filter for filtering at least one chemical species in solid form (for example fine particles or dust) or in gaseous form ( as for example CO, O3, SO2, CxHy or NO2). It should be noted that this depollution filter could be installed in other areas of the IT installation, and in particular upstream of the pulsator inlet.

It will also be noted that when the second device DD is an additional equipment dedicated to depollution and operating independently of the IT installation, it includes its own means of depollution, and in particular at least one pollution control filter and a pulsator supplied with outside air. and / or indoor air.

The hot loop comprises heating means for heating the air which is intended for the passenger compartment H of the vehicle V, possibly after mixing with less hot air.

The mode of operation of the IT installation is chosen by a user of the vehicle V or by a computer supervising the operation of the IT installation, possibly according to the choice made by a user of the vehicle V.

As illustrated in the single figure, a first device (providing information relating to the quality of the outside air) DF comprises at least processing means MT arranged to estimate at least one type of pollution and a quality value. associated outside air in the vicinity of a given position according to a given day, a set of meteorological data concerning that neighborhood of the given position for that given day, and a correspondence table. The latter establishes a correspondence between, on the one hand, types (or natures) of pollution (for example by particles and / or nitrogen oxides) and values of the quality of the outside air, and, on the one hand, on the other hand, geographical areas of known positions, periods of the year and sets of meteorological data.

A type of pollution and an associated outdoor air quality value are information relating to the quality of the outside air.

It will be understood that when the processing means MT are fed with a given position (for example that in progress of the vehicle V), a given day (for example the current day), and a set of meteorological data (for example that in progress in the neighborhood of the vehicle V), they look in the correspondence table for the type (or the nature) of each pollution and their associated external air quality value corresponding to them.

The given position, which is used by the processing means MT of the first device DF, can be provided by a user thereof (DF) or by locating means ML which are embedded in the vehicle V or are part of the first DF device when it constitutes an autonomous equipment. These locating means ML are more precisely arranged to provide the current position of the system V or equipment of which they are part of the processing means MT.

Similarly, the given day, which is used by the processing means MT of the first device DF, can be provided by a user of the latter (DF) or by an element which is embedded in the vehicle V or is part of the first DF device when it constitutes an autonomous equipment.

Furthermore, the meteorological data set, which is used by the processing means MT of the first device DF, can be provided by a user thereof (DF) or by an information site via the communication network RC to which the vehicle V or the first device DF is connected when it constitutes an autonomous communicating equipment.

The correspondence table includes historical data constructed based on pollution types and historical values recorded in different geographic areas for different time periods and in the presence of different sets of meteorological (or meteorological) data. These historical data can be constructed in different ways.

Thus, the processing means MT of a first device DF may, for example, be arranged to build their correspondence table based on historical data received and representative of types of pollution and associated average values of associated outdoor air quality. determined for different geographical areas of known positions, different periods of the year and different sets of meteorological data.

For example, the processing means MT of a first device DF can be arranged to build their correspondence table by retaining among the historical data received only those which concern the geographical area where their system V is installed (when it is fixed ) or all the geographical areas in which their V system is used to pass and / or has already passed (when it is mobile, as in the case of a vehicle or a smart phone).

In an alternative embodiment, the processing means MT can be arranged to use a part of a correspondence table received and comprising historical data representative of pollution types and associated average values of the external air quality determined respectively for geographical areas in which the first DF device (or the V system of which it is a part) has already passed (possibly only those in which it is used to pass).

In the two embodiments described above and not limiting, the historical data are received by the communication means MCN of the vehicle V via the communication network RC. This historical data is transmitted by an information site SI which includes for this purpose means of communication MCN '. The latter (MCN ') are clean, at least, to transmit the historical data, automatically, for example periodically, to systems comprising first devices DF, or on request of a first device DF. This transmission can be done by wired or non-wired (or wave).

This IS information site is for example hosted by a server that is connected to the RC communication network, and made available by a public or private company. The historical data provided by such an IF site can, for example, be determined from measurements made by air quality measurement stations (installed near traffic lanes).

As illustrated not only in the single figure, a first device DF may comprise MR search means which are arranged to search for updates of the correspondence table which is used by the associated processing means MT. In this case, the search means MR can be arranged to determine updates either by generating requests which are then transmitted to the information site SI by the communication means MCN of the vehicle V, or by searching among the data received by the means of communication MCN vehicle V those that are updates on the associated processing means MT.

The type of each pollution and associated outdoor air quality value, determined by a first DF device, can be used by a user of the latter (DF). But they can also be used by a second device (air depollution) DD of a system V, as in the example shown in non-limiting manner in the single figure. Indeed, the first device DF can provide to a second device DD of a system V each type of each pollution and each associated value of outside air quality in the vicinity of a position of this system V for a current day and for a meteorological dataset received and concerning this position for that current day. In this case, this second device DD comprises MCT control means arranged to determine and control an air pollution control strategy that supplies the reception space H (here the cabin) according to each type of each pollution. and each associated outdoor air quality value provided.

As indicated above, the position of the system V can be provided by a user of the latter (V) or by ML locating means which are embedded in the system V. These locating means ML are more precisely arranged to provide the position in the course of their system V MT processing means of the latter (V). They may, for example, be part of a DA device. The latter (DA) can, for example, determine the current geographical position of its system V from data provided by satellites of a constellation (for example GPS).

Also as indicated above, the current day can be provided by a user of the system V or by an element which is embedded in the latter (V), and the meteorological data set can be provided by the user or by a user. information site via the communication network RC to which the system V is connected and via the communication means MCN of the latter (V). These communication means MCN must then, in fact, be at least adapted to receive data by waves intended for the processing means MT of the first device DF.

For example, the MCT control means can be arranged to determine and control an air pollution control strategy that consists either of a closure of the air supply flap of the system V (here of its IT air treatment installation ), that is to say a triggering of a program for the depollution of the air coming from the outside and / or the air contained inside the reception space H (here the cabin of the vehicle V).

An air pollution control program is defined in particular by at least one duration (or temporal phase) of depollution and possibly (when possible) by a command designating the position of the shutter (s) controlling the supply of air. to depollute (outside and / or inside), and possibly (when possible) by a command designating the force of the blower which controls the amount of air to be cleaned (outside and / or inside).

It will be noted that the processing means MT and the possible search means MR can be made in the form of software modules (or computer or "software"), or a combination of electronic circuits (or "hardware") and software modules.

Similarly, the MCT control means can be implemented in the form of software modules, or a combination of electronic circuits and software modules.

Thanks to the invention, it is now possible to locally determine the type (or nature) of each pollution and associated external air quality value without locally having air quality sensor, and thus possibly control pollution abatement strategies inexpensively, in real time or in advance.

For example, remediation strategies can be implemented on the basis of knowledge of recurring episodes of pollution by fine particles in the spring induced by agriculture (especially ammonia emissions) and fossil combustion ( residential and automotive), and in the presence of particular weather conditions (anticyclonic situation (high atmospheric pressure, clear sky, light wind) conducive to a temperature inversion resulting in a progressive accumulation of pollutants under the inversion layer). We can thus predict that in March, in France, there is a high probability of being in episode of pollution by particles, this episode being all the more important when the anticyclonic situation continues.

Also for example, pollution control strategies will be implemented during the crossing of an industrial zone, every day, except when it rains or when the wind is very strong, and even more particularly in the presence of a situation. long anticyclonic.

Claims (10)

1. Device (DF) for providing information relating to the quality of the outside air, characterized in that it comprises processing means (MT) arranged to estimate at least one type of pollution and a quality value of the associated outside air in the vicinity of a given position according to a given day, a set of meteorological data concerning said neighborhood of the given position for said given day, and a correspondence table between, d on the one hand, types of pollution and outdoor air quality values, and, on the other hand, geographical areas of known positions, periods of the year and meteorological datasets. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said processing means (MT) are arranged to build said correspondence table based on historical data received and representative of types of pollution and average values of outdoor air quality. identified for different geographical areas of known positions, different periods of the year and different sets of meteorological data. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said processing means (MT) are arranged to use a part of a correspondence table received and comprising historical data representative of types of pollution and average values of quality of the associated external air determined respectively for geographical areas in which said device (DF) has already passed. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises search means (MR) arranged to search for updates of said correspondence table. 5. Air depollution device (DD) for a system (V) comprising a reception space (H) closed and supplied with air and communication means (MCN) at least adapted to receive data, characterized in that it comprises an information supply device (DF) according to one of claims 1 to 4, adapted to provide at least one type of pollution and an associated outside air quality value in the vicinity of a position of said system (V) for a current day and for a set of meteorological data received and concerning said position for said current day, and control means (MCT) arranged to determine and control a strategy of depollution of the air supplying said receiving space (H) according to said type of pollution and said associated outside air quality value provided. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said control means (MCT) are arranged to determine and control an air pollution control strategy selected from a group comprising a closure of an air supply flap of said system (V) and a triggering of a program for the depollution of the air coming from the outside and / or from the air contained inside said reception space (H). 7. System (V) comprising a reception space (H) closed and supplied with air and communication means (MCN) at least adapted to receive data, characterized in that it further comprises at least one device for air depollution (DD) according to one of claims 5 and 6. 8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises an air treatment plant (IT) comprising said air pollution control device (DD) and a clean air supply flap to take different positions for controlling the supply of air from outside said reception space (H) and / or air coming from inside said reception space (H), and in that said control means (MCT ) of said air pollution control device (DD) are arranged to control the position of said air supply flap during time phases of depollution of the pollution control strategy. 9. System according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that it constitutes a vehicle, in that it comprises locating means (ML) arranged to provide the current position of said system (V) to said means process (MT) of the information delivery device (DF) of the air pollution control device (DD), and in that said communication means (MCN) are adapted to receive data by waves intended for said processing means (MT) of the information providing device (DF) of the air pollution control device (DD). 10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that it constitutes a motor vehicle.