FR2852740A1 - RADIO TERMINAL AND METHOD FOR RADIO CONNECTION BETWEEN SUCH TERMINAL AND A PORTABLE TERMINAL. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a radio transmitter / receiver terminal (11) capable of being linked by radio to a nearby portable terminal (10) for transferring information between them, which comprises means for reflecting electromagnetic waves (12) making it possible to limit its scope to a specific geometric shape. The invention also relates to a method of radio connection between such a terminal and a portable terminal.

Description

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RADIO TERMINAL AND METHOD FOR RADIO CONNECTION BETWEEN A
SUCH A TERMINAL AND A PORTABLE TERMINAL
TECHNICAL FIELD DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to a radio terminal and a method of connecting such a terminal with a portable terminal.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
Different methods of the known art, the characteristics of which are defined, for example, in the standards referenced at the end of the description, make it possible to ascertain the identity of a terminal which is seen by a radio terminal:
1. Use of network connections, in which an operator passes. The connection made is not local and does not meet a purely local transfer need. Service providers are forced to provide users with network connection possibilities. Users are forced to pay for a connection, whereas intuitively they consider that a local transfer is not a systematic payment (brake on use; poor positioning of the operator in the value chain).

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 2. Use of local connections using the Bluetooth system, as described in the document referenced [4]. By its nature, this system radiates according to a certain range. Thus, when several users are in its field, it is necessary to select which user will perform a transfer. In the context of an electronic ticketing service, for example, if the terminal establishes a connection with the terminal of a first user and another user passes through a gate, it is necessary to establish on which terminal it is necessary to debit the ticket.

To solve such a matching problem, software solutions can be envisaged: validation by the user by a menu on his terminal or the terminal.

But such solutions are not simple enough to be user-friendly. Biometric solutions can also be envisaged, but these are relatively high cost and are subject to a certain degree of recognition.

 In these two types of network or local connections, the speed of communications coupled with long-range radio coverage poses a fraud problem. In the case, for example, of transport tickets validated by short messages, on a network not limited in range, the user of a ticket can choose not to validate his ticket and wait at the last moment for a controller to pass for initiate such validation.

 3. Use of local connections using other media than the Bluetooth system,

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 offering a virtual certainty that the user is unique. These connections can be: a. infrared connections, with light emitting diodes directives or very low power: But the industry and mobile operators are seriously considering the use of the Bluetooth system for their terminals. In such a case infrared connections are not interesting. b. wire connections. Such a solution is not sufficiently ergonomic and rapid. vs. radio connections by contactless module: Contactless devices are then installed, namely an antenna (mainly turns) and a radio modem, in the terminal.

Given the powers in transmission-reception, it is almost certain that the transfer concerns only one user. However, the implementation of such a solution remains subject to the goodwill of the manufacturers and remains for the moment very prospective. d. connections by barcode image: communication is then only one-way (no possibility of response from the terminal, for example decreasing a counter). It therefore restricts the implementation of certain kinematics for services.

 To overcome the drawbacks of the devices of the known art, the objective of the invention is to propose a simple and effective solution making it possible to guarantee that a radio connection between a terminal and a terminal is restricted to the terminal closest to the thick headed.

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STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a transmitter / receiver radio terminal capable of being connected by radio to a nearby portable terminal for transferring information between them, characterized in that it comprises means reflecting electromagnetic waves making it possible to limit its range to a specific geometric shape.

 In an alternative embodiment, it includes means for degrading its sensitivity on reception.

 In another alternative embodiment, it includes means for reducing its transmission power.

 In an exemplary embodiment, the means reflecting electromagnetic waves comprise a shielding module made up of five metal plates. This terminal includes a display equipped with a loudspeaker.

 The invention also relates to a method of radio connection between a transmitter / receiver terminal and a portable terminal for transferring information between them, characterized in that the range of this terminal is limited to a predetermined geometric shape for confining the radiation emitted and received by the terminal to or from this terminal.

 Advantageously, means reflecting electromagnetic waves can be used. We can degrade the sensitivity of the receiving part of the

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 thick headed. The transmitting power of the terminal can be reduced.

 The terminal can emit a sound at the start and / or end of information transfer. An access gate can be ordered at the start and / or end of information transfer.

 The user equipped with said terminal can pass near the terminal. He can pass the terminal in front of the terminal. He can put the terminal in front of the terminal during the connection period.

 The invention aims to use the properties of electromagnetic radiation (attenuation with distance, influence of shielding, etc.) to design a family of systems allowing local transfer between a terminal and a terminal, both equipped with radio connections, so as to ensure that the connection remains restricted to the terminal (and therefore to the user) closest to the terminal.

 The invention is based on the assumption that the terminal used is equipped with radio connections, which allow a transfer of information between it (including its components, such as the SIM card) and the terminal.

 An advantageous application of the invention is that of the verification of electronic tickets by a terminal. However, the scope applies to all types of local transactions based on a single user, such as proximity payment, access control, transfer of local information (restriction

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 user on public terminals to guarantee bandwidth for example).

 The principle of the invention being generic, it can be applied to any type of radio terminal (mobile phone, PDA, laptop ...) equipped with any radio standard (GSM 900,1800, 1900, IMT-2000 systems including the 'UMTS, Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 family ...).

 The invention is part of the perspective (without being a constraint) of improving the connection times according to the various possible network standards, in particular in the case where a user only stays for one time runs in front of a terminal.

 In this document, the term terminal designates a structure modifying the electromagnetic properties of the system. It is not necessarily a physical terminal including a public access terminal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of the invention.

 Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a first embodiment of the invention.

 FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.

 FIG. 5 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention.

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DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
The solution recommended by the invention consists in developing a terminal with a range limited to a geographical area occupied by a single user, for example in the case of a queue, for a person passing in front of the terminal and not that which precedes it or that which follows it, by using one or more of the following characteristics: a) Use of one or more devices reflecting electromagnetic waves metal plates or any other material strongly attenuating electromagnetic radiation ... limit the range of the terminal to a desired geometric shape; b) Deliberate degradation of the sensitivity of the receiving part of the terminal, in order to greatly reduce its theoretical maximum range to the area in which the nearest terminal can be: for example about thirty centimeters if the application provides that the the user presents his terminal to the terminal or a few meters if the user passes the terminal while keeping his terminal on him; c) Voluntary reduction of the transmitting power of the terminal, in order to greatly reduce its theoretical maximum range to the area in which the nearest terminal can be: for example about thirty centimeters if the application provides that the user presents his terminal at the terminal or a few meters if the user passes the terminal while keeping his terminal on him. When the radio standard contains several emission classes, it is possible to use

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 then one of the lower values, or use a power significantly lower than the lowest emission class.

 FIG. 1 thus illustrates a block diagram of the invention on which is represented a standard portable radio terminal 10 of any type (GSM, UMTS, DECT, WLAN, Bluetooth, etc.), a radio terminal 11 of the same type as the terminal 10, and a shielding device 12. This shielding device 12 limits the range of the terminal 11 to a desired geographic form; the area 13 of coverage of the terminal, delimited by the lines 14 and 15, being shown in gray in this figure.

 The arrow 16 represents the transmission of information from the terminal to the terminal. The arrow 17 represents the transmission of information from the terminal to the terminal.

 As defined above, the terminal 11 of the invention has the following characteristics: a) a range limited to a desired geographic form, b) possibly a deliberate degradation of its sensitivity on reception, c) possibly a voluntary reduction in its power in program.

 This results in a secure transaction, in which only the terminal 10 located in the coverage area 13 communicates with the terminal 11.

 The characteristic a) defined above is the main characteristic of the invention.

The invention can be broken down into an embodiment

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 main and three variants, depending on whether characteristics a), b), c) are implemented or not: - Main embodiment: only characteristic a) is implemented. In this case, the transaction can take place either on the initiative of terminal 10 or terminal 11; - First variant: characteristics a) and b) are implemented. In this case, the transaction can be carried out on the initiative of terminal 11 but not on that of terminal 10, because the techniques used are such that other terminals can see terminal 11 while this one does not see them ; - Second variant: characteristics a) and c) are implemented. In this case, the transaction can be carried out on the initiative of terminal 10 but not on that of terminal 11, because the techniques used mean that terminal 11 can see several terminals while only terminal 10 is closest to the terminal sees this; - Third variant: characteristics a), b), and c) are implemented. In this case, the transaction can take place either on the initiative of terminal 10 or terminal 11.

 The implementation of the invention does not require any modification at the level of the terminals communicating with the terminals covered by the invention.

 We will now describe three particular examples of embodiment of the invention.

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 The first two exemplary embodiments are based on an application for validating entries to a show: the user has in his terminal 10 an entry ticket or an entry credit corresponding to the show (cinema screening or theater, football match ...) to which he goes. The function of the terminal is to check the validity of the ticket and to cash it by passing this ticket to a consumed state or by decreasing the entry credit by a certain amount (one unit, one price ...).

 In the first exemplary embodiment, the user presents his terminal 10 in front of the terminal 11. Such an example can be carried out in principle with the four versions of the invention described above. This exemplary embodiment is described below with the first variant.

 In the second exemplary embodiment, the user passes in front of the terminal without necessarily removing his terminal from his pocket, from his bag. This example can be carried out in principle with the four versions of the invention described above. This embodiment is described below with the second variant.

 The third exemplary embodiment is based on the example of a user wishing to connect his terminal to a Bluetooth public terminal, RLANs, etc. for a fairly long session, for example Internet access. To protect against disturbances (for example, other mobiles in the vicinity), the user has the possibility of positioning his terminal 10 just in front of terminal 11 and he benefits

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 then full bandwidth. This example is also achievable in principle with the four versions of the invention described above. This exemplary embodiment is described above with the third variant.

First embodiment (implementing the first variant of the invention)
The application implemented concerns the validation of entries to a show. The user has in his terminal 10 an entry ticket or an entry credit corresponding to the show (cinema or theater session, football match ...) to which he is going. Terminal 11 has the function of checking the validity of the ticket and cashing it by changing its state to consummate or by decreasing by a certain amount (a unit, a price ...) the entry credit. To do this, the user places his terminal 10 just in front of the terminal.

Characteristics of terminal 10:
The application therefore works with any type of terminal 10 equipped with the Bluetooth radio standard (for example a GSM telephone equipped with a Bluetooth chip). The frequency band used is between 2400 and 2483.5 MHz.

Characteristics of terminal 11:
Terminal 11 has the following technical characteristics: - the frequency band used is between 2400 and 2483.5 MHz;

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- the sensitivity of terminal 11 is defined equal to -20 dBm instead of the value defined in the Bluetooth standard of -70 dBm. It is achieved by placing a 50 dB attenuator in the terminal's reception circuit; - the transmit power of terminal 11 conforms to power class n 3 defined in the Bluetooth standard, that is to say equal to 0 dBm; - terminal 11 is equipped with a shielding module 12 consisting of five metal plates 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24 as well as a Bluetooth transmitter / receiver with an antenna and power and data cables and finally a display 26 fitted with a loudspeaker 27. The transmitter / receiver is fixed to the bottom plate 20. The plates 20 to 24 are assembled so as to form an open horn on the front, the display 26 and the speaker 27 being for example positioned above this horn. The dimensions of these 20-24 plates can be as follows: # a = 20 cm # b = 12 cm # c = 30 cm # d = 20 cm
Transaction process
Terminal 11 listens in the 2400-2483.5 MHz frequency band. There is then the display: Hello - place your terminal in front of the terminal.

 The user who wishes to enter the show places his terminal 10 in the range of the terminal 11. In FIG. 3, which is a top view, the arrow 29 represents the route that

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 the user has his terminal 10 done by holding it in his hand.

 Terminal 11 detects the presence of a terminal 10. There is then the display: Terminal detected. Authentication in progress.

 Terminal 11 questions terminal 10, asking it to identify itself and indicate whether it has an entrance ticket for the show.

Terminal 10 sends its identifier and responds either: a) No, I do not have an entry ticket. There is then emission by the terminal of an unpleasant sound signal, and the display: sorry but you do not have a valid ticket for this show. Transaction complete. b) Yes, I have an entrance ticket for the show.
Terminal 11 then communicates the identity of terminal 10 to the network to which it is connected (database of the operator or manager managing the terminal) and asks if terminal 10 is known and if it has a credit d entry for this show.

The network responds either: a) Unknown terminal on our network
There is then emission by terminal 11 of an unpleasant sound signal, and the display: sorry but you do not have a valid ticket for this show. Transaction complete. b) Known terminal but not having an entry credit

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There is then emission by terminal 11 of an unpleasant sound signal, and the display: sorry but you do not have a valid ticket for this show. Transaction complete. c) Known terminal with an entry ticket
Terminal 11 asks the network and terminal 10 to cash the ticket by changing its state to consummate or by decreasing by a certain amount (a unit, a price ...) its entry credit.

 Acknowledgments of transaction received sent by the network and the terminal 10 are received by the terminal 11.

 There is emission of a pleasant sound signal, and the display; discounted entry ticket-welcome to the show.

Second embodiment (implementing the second variant of the invention)
The application implemented also concerns the validation of tickets for a show.

The user 30 has in his terminal 10 an entry ticket or an entry credit corresponding to the show (cinema or theater session, football match ...) to which he is going. Terminal 11 has the function of checking the validity of the ticket and cashing it by changing its state to consummate or by decreasing by a certain amount (a unit, a price ...) the entry credit. To do this, the user 30 passes in front of the terminal 11 without necessarily taking out his

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 terminal 10 in his pocket, his bag ... to carry out the operation.

Terminal 10 features
The application therefore works with any type of terminal 10 equipped with the IEEE 802.11b radio standard (for example a UMTS telephone equipped with a WLAN chip). The frequency band used is between 2400 and 2483.5 MHz.

Characteristics of terminal 11
Terminal 11 has the following technical characteristics: - the frequency band used is between 2400 and 2483.5 MHz; - the power (the power values given below are values of PIRE radiated isotropic power which is equal to the product of the transmission power by the gain of the antenna on transmission) of terminal 11 is defined equal at -35 dBm instead of the value defined in the 802.11b standard of + 20dBm; - the sensitivity of terminal 11 is in accordance with its normalized value (-80 dBm); - terminal 11 is equipped with a shielding module 12 made up of five metal plates, as illustrated in FIG. 2.

Transaction process
The display reads: Hello - place your terminal in front of the terminal.

 The terminal listens in the 2400-2483.5 MHz frequency band.

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 The user 30 who wishes to enter the show places his terminal 10 in the range area 13 of the terminal 11. As illustrated in a top view in FIG. 4, the user 30 provided with his terminal 10, which he holds by hand or which he keeps stored in his pocket, or his satchel ... is in a queue, materialized here between two walls 31 and 32.

He is followed by a user 30 'with his terminal 10', who is waiting his turn and will come to replace him later (displacement arrow 33).

 The terminal 10 detects the presence of the terminal 11 and sends it its identifier.

 There is then a display: Terminal detected. Authentication in progress.

 Terminal 11 communicates the identity of terminal 10 to the network to which it is connected (database of the operator or manager managing the terminal) and asks if terminal 10 is known.

 The network responds either: a) Unknown terminal on our network.

 There is emission by the terminal of an unpleasant sound signal, and the display: sorry, but you do not have a valid ticket for this show. Transaction complete. b) Known terminal on our network.

 Terminal 11 questions terminal 10, asking it to indicate whether it has an entry ticket for the show.

 Terminal 10 answers either: a) No, I do not have an entry ticket.

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 There is then emission by the terminal of an unpleasant sound signal, and the display: sorry but you do not have a valid ticket for this show. Transaction complete. b) Yes, I have an entrance ticket for the show.

 Terminal 11 asks the network and terminal 10 to cash the ticket by changing its state to consummate or by decreasing by a certain amount (a unit, a price ...) the entry credit.

 Acknowledgments of transaction received sent by the network and the terminal 10 are received by the terminal 11.

 There is emission of a pleasant sound signal, and the display; discounted entry ticket-welcome to the show.

Third embodiment (implementing the third variant of the invention)
This embodiment covers the case where: - for spectrum regulation reasons, it is desired to confine the radiation; - for commercial reasons, we want to offer users wireless access with maximum bandwidth.

 The application implemented relates to the connection to a public terminal 11 to access the Internet network (Internet, corporate intranet, electronic messaging, etc.). User 30 places his

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 terminal 10 in front of terminal 11 and communicates with it for a certain period of time which can be long.

To protect against disruptions (for example, other mobiles in the vicinity), the operator or manager of the terminal offers a privileged customer-type service (which one could call a terminal or premium hot spot) where the user positions their terminal just in front of the terminal and then benefits from full bandwidth.

Terminal 10 features
The application therefore works with any type of terminal 10 equipped with the IEEE 802.11a radio standard (for example a laptop computer equipped with an IEEE 802.11a card). The frequency band used is between 5150 and 5350 MHz.

Characteristics of terminal 11
Terminal 11 has the following technical characteristics: - the frequency band used is located between 5150 and 5350 MHz; - the power of terminal 11 is defined equal to -48 dBm instead of the maximum value authorized in Europe of +23 dBm; - the sensitivity of terminal 11 is defined equal to -12 dBm instead of the standardized value of -83 dBm; - terminal 11 is equipped with a shielding module 12 made up of five metal plates, as illustrated in FIG. 2.

 Transaction process

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Terminal 11 listens in the 5150-5350 MHz frequency band.

 A sticker stuck on the terminal indicates, for example: Place your terminal in front of the terminal to start the transaction.

 The user places his terminal 10, for example on a table 35, in front of the terminal, as illustrated in a top view in FIG. 5.

 Terminal 11 detects the presence of a terminal 10 and sends a command to terminal 10 asking it to open a dialog box on the computer screen in which the following message is displayed: Welcome to the hot spot service premium. Please enter your username and password .

 User 30 types the requested information on his keyboard and presses enter. This information is sent to terminal 11.

 Terminal 11 communicates this information to the network to which it is connected (database of operator or terminal manager) and asks if user 30 is known and if he has a valid subscription for this service.

The network responds either: a) Unknown user on our network
Terminal 11 sends the following message to terminal 10, which appears on the screen of terminal 10: Sorry, you do not have a subscription on our network. Please contact our customer service on 0800 xxx yyy. The transaction is complete.

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 b) Known user on our network but who does not have a premium subscription.

 Terminal 11 sends the following message to terminal 10, which appears on the screen of terminal 10: Hello and welcome to our network. This terminal is only accessible to holders of a Premium subscription. If you want to purchase this subscription, please enter the sixteen digits of your credit card, its type and the expiration date. If you do not wish to take out such a subscription, click on cancel. a) If user 30 clicks on cancel, the information is transmitted to terminal 11 which in turn requests terminal 10 to display the following message: Thank you for your visit to our network - Transaction complete. b) If the user enters the credentials of his bank card, the information is transmitted to terminal 11. Terminal 11 interrogates the database of the association of bank cards and asks if the card is known and valid.

 # If the card is not valid, terminal 11 requests in return to terminal 10 to display the following message Sorry, but the credit card number you entered is not valid - Thank you for visiting our network - Transaction complete.

 # If the card is valid, terminal 11 requests back to the terminal to display the following message Thank you for subscribing to our premium service. Internet connection in progress -

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 When you want to sign out, click the sign out button.

 User 30 surfs the Internet, his corporate Intranet, consults his emails ... and clicks on disconnect when he wishes to interrupt the transaction.

 Terminal 10 informs terminal 11 which interrupts the connection to the Internet network established through it and requests in return for the terminal to display the following message Thank you for your visit on our Premium service. We hope it has met your expectations. See you soon . c) Known user on our network and with a premium subscription.

 Terminal 11 requests back to Terminal 10 to display the following message Welcome to our premium service. Internet connection in progress - When you want to disconnect, click the disconnect button.

 The user surfs the Internet, his corporate intranet, consults his emails ... and clicks on disconnect when he wishes to interrupt the transaction.

 Terminal 10 informs terminal 11 which interrupts the connection to the Internet network established through it and requests in return to terminal 10 to display the following message Thank you for your visit on our Premium service. We hope it has met your expectations. See you soon .

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 Additional devices can be installed on or with terminal 11 to improve the ergonomics of the assembly. It is thus possible to carry out: a transmission of an audible signal by the terminal 11 when a transaction has been validated (first and second exemplary embodiments) or when the connection begins (third exemplary embodiment); - a gate opening controlled by the terminal once access to a show validated (first and second exemplary embodiments) and which closes when the user 30 has passed.

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 GLOSSARY ETSI: "European Telecommunications Standards Institute" GSM: "Global System for Mobile" IEEE: "International Electrical and Electronics Engineers" (International Association of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) IMT-2000: "International Mobile Telecommunications systems" PDA: "Personal Digital Assistant" RLAN: "Radio Local Area Network" UMTS: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System" (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)

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REFERENCES [1] IEEE Standard 802. 11 (1999, pages 148 to 223 Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements- Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications) [2] IEEE Standard 802.11a (1999, pages 4 to 45) [Adopted by ISO / IEC and redesignated as ISO / IEC 8802- 11: 1999 / And 1: 2000 (E)] Supplement to IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirement-Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: High-speed Physical Layer in the 5 GHz Band ) [3] IEEE Standard 802.11b (2000, pages 30 to 58) IEEE Std 802.11b-1999 (Supplement to ANSI / IEEE Std 802.11, 1999 Edition; Supplement to IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems- Local and me tropolitan area networks-Specific requirement-Part 11: WirelessLAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: High-speed Physical Layer Extension in the 2. 4 Hz Band) [4] Bluetooth Specification (Version 1.0A, pages July 17 to 31, July 24, 1999)

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 [5] Standard ETSI EN 300 910 (GSM 05.05) Digital cellular telecommunication system-Radio transmission and reception; website: www. etsi.org

Claims (14)

1. radio transmitter / receiver terminal (11) capable of being connected by radio to a nearby portable terminal (10) for transferring information between them, characterized in that it comprises means for reflecting electromagnetic waves (12 ) to limit its scope to a specific geometric shape.  2. Radio terminal according to claim 1 comprising means for degrading its sensitivity on reception.  3. Radio terminal according to any one of claims 1 or 2 comprising means for reducing its transmission power.  4. Radio terminal according to claim 1, in which the means for reflecting electromagnetic waves (12) comprise a shielding module made up of five metal plates (20-24).  5. Radio terminal according to claim 4 comprising a display (26) equipped with a loudspeaker (27).  6. Method of radio connection between a transmitter / receiver terminal (11) and a portable terminal (10) for transferring information between them, characterized in that the scope of this is limited <Desc / Clms Page number 27>  terminal (11) to a geometrical shape determined to confine the radiation emitted and received by the terminal (11) to where from this terminal (10).  7. The method of claim 6, wherein means reflecting electromagnetic waves (12) are used.  8. The method of claim 6, wherein degrades the sensitivity of the receiving part of the terminal (11).  9. The method of claim 6, wherein decreases the transmit power of the terminal (11).  10. The method of claim 6, wherein there is emission of a sound by the terminal (11) at the start and / or end of information transfer.  11. The method of claim 6, wherein there is command to open and / or close an access gate at the start and / or end of information transfer.  12. The method of claim 6, wherein the user provided with said terminal (10) passes near the terminal (11). <Desc / Clms Page number 28>  13. The method of claim 6, wherein the user (30) passes the terminal (10) in front of the terminal (11).  14. The method of claim 6, wherein the user (30) places the terminal (10) in front of the terminal (11) for the duration of connection.