FR2814258A1 - METHOD FOR CONSULTING COMPUTER DOCUMENTS AND SYSTEM THEREFOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method enabling a user (u1) to enter, in a computer system comprising file storage means, an operating system and a visual interface such as a screen, strings of characters which constitute primary instructions, for triggering an action of said operating system, characterized in that the method translates primary instructions into respective secondary instructions which are associated with the respective primary instructions and which will be provided to the operating system at the place of the associated primary instruction, and the correspondences between primary and secondary instructions are individually associated with the user.The invention also relates to a system for implementing such a method.

Description

The present invention relates to a document consultation method

  and a system for implementing such a method. A "document" can be defined as a set of information that can be displayed simultaneously on a medium. Previously, this medium was usually paper. From now on, a document can also be

  presented on a computer screen.

  In the remainder of the present text, these two respective types of document will be referred to as "paper document" and "computer document", it being understood that when the general term "document" is used alone, it designates a document relating to the present invention. , ie a "computer document". Such a document is generally stored in a computer system in the form of one or more

  files, possibly associated with links to other files.

  IT documents are now an extremely popular medium of information exchange, tending to add to or replace traditional paper documents in

many cases.

  In addition, there are now many features associated with viewing documents. Hypertext links that can be embedded in a document are thus known, which can be defined as "pointers" associated with a field that can be a string of characters, an image or any screen area, so that the selection (usually by a mouse click) of the field causes the execution of a command associated with the hyperlink, so as to allow a user viewing the document to display on the screen another document, to launch a multimedia sequence, to call an Internet page, or in general, to cause the execution of a

program.

  This type of possibility represents an important advance, because it makes it possible to enrich the documents considerably, by making accessible to the users information (text, images, sounds, ...) memorized in different files which can be called by the hypertext links, and network architectures (private or public such as the Internet) allow many users to consult such documents with

hypertext links.

  But such documents giving access to features such as those offered by hypertext links, if they are indeed rich in content, and often accessible to several users, require all

  users a single version of the document accessed.

  It is indeed the author of the document which determines the functionalities of the document (hypertext links in particular), so that the links that the users can activate are obligatorily those which were planned by

the designer of the document.

  This is a limitation, as it would be advantageous to provide the user wishing to view a document the ability to customize the hypertext links of the document, according to its specific needs. Indeed, different users do not necessarily have the same needs, and do not necessarily wait for the same information from the

consultation of a document.

  For example, in the education sector, and particularly distance education, it would be beneficial to allow participants in a working group (consisting of students and one or more professors) to consult various versions of documents of various origins in a working environment common to the workgroup, without requiring the use of different file names to call

  each document or document version.

  According to another example, in the industrial and commercial sector, a potential customer of a company, by consulting a document accessible by the Internet network presenting the products of the company, may not be interested

  only by the products distributed in his region.

  It is of course possible to adapt a document to the needs of certain users by providing a specific version of the document for each type of user, and thus to constitute different versions of the document with hypertext links adapted to the expectations of different users.

user types.

  But this forces to constitute different files, corresponding to different versions of document desired, which has drawbacks (memory space needed to store the different

  files, change management of different versions ...).

  The general object of the invention is to make it possible to adapt documents to the specific needs of certain users without involving

the disadvantages above.

  More specifically, an important object of the invention is to make it possible to produce documents comprising hypertext links that can be

  tailored to the needs of different users.

  In order to achieve these aims, the invention proposes a method allowing a user to enter, in a computer system comprising file storage means, an operating system and a visual interface such as a screen, channels of characters which constitute primary instructions, for triggering an action of said operating system, characterized in that the method translates primary instructions into respective secondary instructions which are associated with the respective primary instructions and which will be provided to the user system. instead of the associated primary instruction, and the correspondence between primary instructions and

  secondary are individually associated with the user.

  Preferred, but not limiting, aspects of the method according to the invention are as follows: The method comprises the steps of: - Activating at least one list establishing correspondences between respective primary instructions and secondary instructions which respectively are individually associated with them , p Select a primary instruction, If the selected primary instruction belongs to an activated list: / replace this primary instruction with the corresponding secondary instruction in the activated list, / and provide the operating system with the secondary instruction in place of the primary instruction selected. ò the selection of the primary instruction can be performed by a user. 15. said selection can be made in one of the following ways: Direct input of the primary instruction on a computer system interface such as a keyboard, a selection in a document displayed on the visual interface,

  A selection in said list displayed on the visual interface.

  At the selection of the primary instruction can be performed automatically. - said selection results from the activation by a user of a

  overhead associated with a document displayed on the visual interface.

  ò the selection of the primary instruction is carried out during the display

  on the visual interface of a computer document.

  When the document is displayed, the method includes the systematic highlighting of the primary instructions belonging to the

  a list activated to constitute hypertext links.

  The activation of the lists is done by a user, who can

activate desired lists.

  The user has the possibility to create, modify and delete at will

  lists that can be activated.

  5. the lists are files of which at least one is registered in a

  memory location associated with the user individually.

  the user has the possibility to associate with any desired document a list which will be automatically activated when the

document on the visual interface.

  10. At least one list includes an initial command that is executed by the operating system upon activation of the list. the initial command is an application launch command. a is automatically prioritized between the activated lists, so that when a primary instruction is selected, the method includes a step of automatically searching the primary instruction in the activated lists according to said priority order, and the replacing this primary instruction with the corresponding first secondary instruction identified. The method comprises the succession of steps of verifying in a first step that the primary instruction has not yet been processed; analyzing said primary instruction to determine whether it is a command recognized by the operating system, - if the primary instruction is a command of the operating system, having said command executed by the operating system, if the primary instruction is not an operating system command v search the activated lists for that primary instruction, and, if the primary instruction is located in one of the activated lists, * constitute a new primary instruction with l secondary instruction corresponding to the primary instruction initially selected, a and reset said first step with the new

  primary instruction thus constituted.

  The invention also proposes a document consultation system comprising file storage means, an operating system and a visual interface such as a screen, the system being intended to be implemented with an operating system, the system comprising means for allowing a user to enter into the system strings that are primary instructions, for triggering an action of said operating system, characterized in that the system comprises means for translating primary instructions in respective secondary instructions which are associated with the respective primary instructions and which will be provided to the operating system in place of the associated primary instruction, said means for translation of the primary instructions into secondary instructions for individually associating with each user of the

  desired matches between primary and secondary instructions.

  Preferred but nonlimiting aspects of the method according to the invention are the following: it comprises means for: Activating at least one list establishing correspondences between respective primary instructions and secondary instructions which are respectively respectively and individually associated with them; primary instruction> If the selected primary instruction belongs to an activated list: v 'replace this primary instruction with the corresponding secondary instruction in the activated list, v' and provide the operating system with the secondary instruction in place of the instruction selected primary. means are provided for allowing the user to perform

  a selection of the primary instruction.

  To said selection can be carried out in one of the following ways: Direct input of the primary instruction on an interface of the computer system such as a keyboard, A selection in a document displayed on the visual interface,

  - A selection in said list displayed on the visual interface.

  there are ways to automatically perform the

  selection of the primary instruction.

  ò said selection results from the activation by a user of a

  overhead associated with a document displayed on the visual interface.

  At the selection of the primary instruction is performed when

  the display on the visual interface of a computer document.

  When displaying the document, the method includes the systematic highlighting of the primary instructions belonging to

  a list activated to constitute hypertext links.

  At it is provided means to allow the user to activate

Desired lists.

  ò means are provided to enable the user to create, modify and delete at will the lists likely to be

activated.

  the lists are files of which at least one is stored in a memory location associated individually with the user. There are provided means for allowing the user to associate any desired document with a list, and means for automatically activating said list when displaying the document on

the visual interface.

  at least one list includes an initial command that is executed by the operating system when activating the

listing.

  ò the initial command is an order to launch an application. means are provided for automatically establishing an order of priority between the activated lists, and means for performing, when a primary instruction is selected, an automatic search of the primary instruction in the activated lists according to said priority order, and replacing this primary instruction with the first secondary instruction

corresponding identified.

  Means are provided for: r In a first step, verify that the primary instruction has not yet been processed, analyze the primary instruction to determine if it is a command recognized by the system. operation,> if the primary instruction is an operating system command, execute the command by the operating system, - if the primary instruction is not an operating system command:, / search in the lists activated said primary instruction, and, if the primary instruction is located in one of the activated lists, * constitute a new primary instruction with the secondary instruction corresponding to the primary instruction initially selected, * and reset said first step with the news

  primary instruction thus constituted.

  Other aspects, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent

  upon reading the following description of an embodiment of

  The invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 are diagrammatic representations of the structure of a system embodying the invention; FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing the main FIGS. 5 and 6 are flow diagrams schematically representing the main steps of the research process.

  of files implemented in the invention.

  As a preamble to the description that follows, it is stated that if this

  description is a medium intended to establish patent protection,

  it does not constitute an infringement of the other intellectual property rights attached to the system described below, in particular copyright. Referring firstly to Figure 1, there is shown generally

  by reference 10 means for permanent storage of files.

  As will be seen, these means may comprise several locations, connected by means of data transmission (which may implement private or public networks, including the Internet) but not necessarily physically grouped together, each memory location may correspond to a support

  different physics, of any type known in itself.

  In the remainder of this text, the means 10 will generally be designated by the general term "memory", said memory comprising a plurality of locations which may each be identified by an address. There is also shown a unit 20 connected to a windows-type or non-window type operating system (the particular embodiment described below, which implements, in a non-limiting manner, a system

operating windows).

  The operating system, known per se, makes it possible, in known manner, to call, display, edit and save files, the unit comprising interface means enabling a user to perform operations on edited files (visualization screen, mouse and input keyboard for example). This unit 20 can be a computer of

any type.

  The unit 20 is globally connected to the memory 10 by a link 30

  allowing the transfer of data and files between these two elements.

  The link 30 can be of any known type, using wired components (conventional or high-speed link), non-wired (link

  radio, infrared, etc ...) or a combination of both types of link.

  In order to open on the unit 20 a working session of the system according to the invention, a user must, after launching the operating system, declare an ul username which is registered in a location.

Eutil of the memory 10.

  For this purpose, the system described here implements a program P which is located in a location E0 of the memory 10 (the location E0 can be physically integrated with the unit 20) and whose user starts the execution, which causes on the screen of the unit 20 the opening of a window F1 dedicated to the program P. Within this window F1, the program also opens a subwindow F2 for entering the name

User.

  1 1 Once the username ul is declared in this pane, this username will remain saved in the Eutil memory location for the duration of the working session (ie while the program P is active), but also after the closing of this session. The memory location Eutil thus memorizes the name

  user ul permanently.

  Eutil can also contain references specific to the user (password securing the opening of a session under the name ul, ...) and the last session performed by this user (open screens, files

consulted ...).

  As has been said, the system according to the invention is intended to operate with an operating system, the two systems being interfaced together. Thus, within a work session, a user can call on the screen files contained in

locations Ei of memory 10.

  The memory locations Ei may constitute a single location, or a plurality of separate memory locations, each of which may be a specific directory of a same memory disk, or a location in a memory disk or a specific server (said server may be a private or publicly accessible server - through the Internet, for example - or a location on a recordable data medium such as a CD-ROM, or any other

type of memory known.

  The files stored in the slots Ei can be of any type known per se compatible with the operating system with windows, their format being specified by the file extension type (.doc, .xls, .wav, gif ,. jpeg, .htm, .htmrl, .xml, .ppt, .pdf, etc ...). The system according to the invention is in fact designed to process any type of known file, and has at its disposal

  effect of interfaces with the operating system.

  We will now describe the general operation of an embodiment of the system according to the invention, which allows as we see it to associate active overloads to a document. However, it is specified that the invention (the essential aspects of which will be described later in this text) is not limited to its implementation with such a system allowing the addition of active overloads, which is only a way of preferred embodiment of the invention. Let A be a file of a location Ei, the file A being of extl format (ext1 can designate any type of extension known per se - htm for example). Within a working session, the user opens the file A.extl and displays the corresponding document in a new window of the screen of the unit 20, included in the window F1 of the program P. It is known that the operating system allows the user to edit this document and save its changes by replacing the old version of A.extl file with a new version with the changes ("save" function), or by recording in a desired memory location said last modified version ("save as ..." function). We will see that the system described here, which allows to associate active overloads to a document, which will be named later simply "the system" for convenience, and is intended to be combined with the operating system , offers opportunities

much better.

  Indeed, the program P which is active permanently allows the user declared under the name ul to perform personal surcharges on such a document corresponding to A.extl file without

  alter the integrity of the A.extl file as we will see.

  The concept of "control" of the system should be defined first. A command is a string of characters recognizable by the system, which causes the system to execute an action (this one

  doing this to intervene the operating system).

  To do this, the string of characters to be recognized must be provided to the system; practically, this can be done in particular in two ways: To the user directly enters the character string in a window called by an auxiliary program associated with the program P, this additional program can itself be called by a specific button of the F1 window that the user operates, To or the character string was itself produced by a command. The system recognizes character strings that obey a predefined format and stored in a specific memory location (which may be location E0). It is thus possible to define in the system functions that can be executed by a string of characters formulated according to a certain syntax. For example, we can define the following associations: string character Associated function # A.extl Open the file A.extl & A.extl Open the file A.extl (without displaying the links contained in this file)> message, x, y Edit the file message in a window at the location (x, y) <sound Run a sound "program, a, b, c Run the program with parameters a, b, c @glossary Activate a glossary (this term will be explained later) * location Add a location (this term will be explained later) na, b, c Add an overload (this term will be explained later) with the parameters a, b, c Several strings of characters can also be provided to the system "in one only once ", each character string being separated from the next by a semicolon (in the case of the direct entry of the command by the user) In this case, the system processes strings of characters

one after the other.

  It should be noted that the character strings can be transcoded in different form, for example signals that do not correspond to characters that can be displayed on the screen; this variant may be useful for reasons of confidentiality. You can also define character strings as a single character which saves

of memory.

  It is possible to improve the ergonomics of the system by defining in the window F1 a set of menus and buttons allowing

  the user to quickly access a plurality of commands.

  Thus, taking again the case of the A.extl1 file, the user disposes of a command to open on the screen the document corresponding to the file A.extl (or to any other file of the memory locations Ei, whatever its format), and commands activating a menu called "overload" which allows the user to overlay the screen on the document corresponding to A.extl file (which will be named "the original file", the associated document being the "original document")

  Overloads (or graphic objects), on the same editing screen.

  For this purpose the user uses the mouse of the unit 20 which makes it possible to position the overloads in desired places of the editing window (or of the screen in the case of a windowless operating system), and to size them. These graphic objects are thus superimposed on the original document in locations determined by coordinates related to the reference of the original document, so that when editing this original document, the overloads are fixed relative to the elements of this document and move with these elements when scrolling on the screen the contents of the document. The overloads can be surfaces of configurable aspect, and be associated as will be seen with

system commands.

  When the user opens the original document corresponding to A.extl and superimposes surcharges on it, the system automatically creates a so-called "associated" file A. @ extl to which a specific extension is associated (thus the system according to the invention will associate a file associated A. @ doc to an original file A.doc, a file A. @ gif has an original file

A.gif, etc ...).

  The associated file A. @ extl which includes all the overloads made by the user ul to the document corresponding to the original file A.extl, is recorded by the system in a memory location Eul individually associated with the user ul. Eul's address was defined by the user during his first work session (the system offering the user a default address). This address is stored in association with ul in the Eutil memory location, so that the A. @ extl file is associated by the system with the original file.

A.extl and user name ul.

  In the rest of this text we will define Eul as the "file

staff "of the user ul.

  The address of Eul is an important parameter of the system because it makes it possible to associate individually with each user a backup address of the associated files of overload of the type of A. @ extl. This address can be subsequently modified by the user during any work session declared under the name ul, recalling by a dedicated command (which can be activated by the menu of the window F1) the sub-window F2 for entering the name of the user. user, which also includes a field to change the backup address (or backup addresses as we will see). The user can thus overload an original document corresponding to an original A.extl file, said overloads being saved in a specific file associated A. @ extl and can have any desired aspect (shape, color, size, association with a icon or a

  image ...) thanks to commands for parameterizing these aspects.

  The user has the possibility, at any time, to record the overloads he has made to a file by a dedicated command from the system, which causes the associated file A. @ extl to be saved in the file.

personal file Eul de ul. It should be noted that for the user, the superposition of documents

  associated with the A.extl and A. @ extl files respectively in the same window is "transparent", ie the user processes a single edit window, which displays an overlay of the original document's contents A .extl and overloads of the document "associated" A. @ extl which corresponds to the file A. @ extl, as a single document in appearance, the file A. @ extl providing a "layer" which "plates" overloads on the document original in places of this original document selected

by the user.

  When the user thus opens the document corresponding to the file A.extl, nothing indicates to him that the overloads of the associated "layer" file A. @ extl are superimposed on him, so that the user treats in appearance

a single entity.

  When a user declared under the name ul then opens the document corresponding to A.extl, the system automatically searches in Eul which is the personal folder of ul (and possibly in other memory locations defined in the system as will be seen further on about "location lists"), the existence of an associated file named A. @ extl, and automatically overlay in the edit window the overloads of the associated file A. @ extl on the original document, if an A. @ extl file was detected in Eul. Otherwise, only the document associated with A.extl is displayed. In all cases, it is necessary to execute a command activating the menu of surcharges

  to add or edit overloads on A.extl.

  In this way, the system allows each user name (ul or other) declared in the system to have its own version of overloads made to the same original document while the integrity of the file corresponding to this document is preserved, the original file does not undergo any modification. The associated overloads are automatically overlaid on the original document so that

  the user apparently handles a single document.

  When creating the A. @ extl file of overhead associated with the original file A.extl1, the system also creates a description of this associated file. The description is a set of information about the associated file A. @ extl, saved in file A. @ extl, in the location

of memory Eul.

  This set of information does not appear directly on the screen when opening the documents corresponding to the files A.extl and A. @ extl, but the user can call it by a specific command so

  view the information it contains, and modify it as needed.

  The description contains among others the following information To name of the associated file (A. @ extl), To name of the original file (A.extl), 15. title (this title will be the one which will be displayed at the top of the window of editing of the A.extl and A. @ extl overlay - it is by default the name of the original A.extl file but can be modified by the user), To version and update date information (filled in automatically by the system),

  description (free text box that can be filled in by

  the user), information on the overloads of the A. @ extl file (coordinates, aspect, associated commands - the association of a command with an overload will be explained below), glossaries associated with the file (this notion will be specified in the

following text).

  It is also possible for the same user to change the username under which it is declared within the same work session. A user U1 can thus declare itself no longer under the name ul but under the name ul ', which will be stored in a file dedicated to the location Eutil and which corresponds to a personal file Eul' whose system stores the address in Eutil, in association with the name ul '

(see Figure 1).

  In this case, if the user then opens the document corresponding to the file A.extl, he will not have access to the overloads made under the name ul and stored in the file A. @ extl found in the personal file Eul de ul . It may however bring other different surcharges that the system will store in another file also named A. @ ext1 but which will be saved in a personal folder Eul '

  the user name ul ', different from the personal folder of ul.

  When a user logs in to the system under the username ul and calls A.extl, the system will look for an associated file A. @ extl in Eul the personal folder of ul, and the user will have access to the overlay of A.extl and overloads of the version of

  associated file corresponding to the personal file Eul de ul.

  When the user will connect under the username ul 'and will similarly call the same document corresponding to the file A.extl, these are the overloads of the associated file version corresponding to the personal file Eul' of ul 'qu 'he will visualize because the system then searches for the associated file in Eul' the personal file

of ul '.

  The user can also open several work sessions in parallel by launching several executions of the program P, each of which causes the opening of a subwindow Fi of the window Fi, and thus declaring itself under several different usernames. Said, overloads are graphic objects that can have a desired look and be associated with systime commands. More specifically, the system according to the invention allows the user

  to set, via dedicated commands.

  the appearance of the graphical zone of the overload (shape, color, thickness of the outline lines, size, inclusion and format of text, replacement by an icon or an image, etc ...), with the function of the graphic zone . If this can be an "inert" zone that can only include text (for example an overload equivalent to a "post it" placed in the margin of a document, to make a comment or ask a question about this document), it can also be

an activatable zone.

  In the latter case, the user can associate with the graphics area a command that triggers an action as explained at the beginning of this text. This command will be activated during subsequent consultations of the overlay of the document corresponding to the original file and its overloads, for example by moving a cursor using a mouse on the graphics area and clicking on it. In this way, it is possible to associate with the overload any command of the system and of

make the overload active.

  The described system therefore allows the creation of active overloads, which can thus include links to objects or documents of any address (file opening command), including hypertext links to pages of Internet sites, said links which can be activated by a simple click of the mouse on the corresponding overload (and it will be seen elsewhere in the remainder of this text that according to the essential aspect of the invention, the hypertext links can be adapted as a function of

I'utilisateur).

  It is specified that in the case of an order to open another file, the system offers the possibility of "marking" the document corresponding to the file called, by a surcharge automatically affixed to a given location of the document thus called (by example at the top left of its edit window), to view the link

  thus established between the two documents.

  It is possible to set the system so that overloads associated with a command are invisible on the screen. It is also possible to permanently activate a "comment" function on the overloads on which the cursor is located (signal of the presence of a

  overload - useful when overload is invisible, description of the

associated command ...).

  It is therefore understandable that the system described is a flexible and powerful tool for document processing and management, which allows a user to customize original documents by adding graphic areas, comments, commands or links in order to adapt the document to its environment and special needs,

  this without altering the integrity of the original files which remain unchanged.

  It has been said that the description of an A. @ extl file associated with an original A.extl file included an attachment to the original file, that is, the address of the original file. The user also has the possibility to modify this attachment, and to associate the file A. @ extl with another original file (of the same type as the first original file or not), for example B.ext2 (ext2 designating a type file may be different from en.extl files). In this case, when the user executes a command to then open the document corresponding to the A.extl file, the system automatically searches for an associated file A. @extl in the user's home folder, where it finds A. @ extl and reads the home file from his description. The description of this associated file now referring to B.ext2, the system causes the opening of the document corresponding to this second original file B. ext2 with the surcharges of A. @ extl

  superimposed, and not the opening of A.extl.

  This possibility is advantageous, for example in the context of the management of successive versions of an original file that evolves. Given the original A.extl file, it is then possible to attach the associated file A. @ extl to a desired version of this original file (last version by

  example), updating the description of the associated file A. @ extl.

  In this way, several different original files that are all named A.extl, corresponding to different versions of a document, can be recorded in different memory locations (successive backup discs for example ...); in any case the execution of the opening command of A.extl will cause the edition of the

  desired version determined by updating the description of A. @ extl.

  It is also possible to define for several different user names access to different versions of the original A.extl file, or to another original file, by attaching the associated file A. @ extl of each user to a specific version of the file. original file or the other

original file.

  Thus, by calling the same A.extl file, different users will have access not only to different overloads, but also to original files that can be

also different.

  Referring now to Figure 2, we will describe the essential aspect of the system according to the invention, which can advantageously but without limitation be implemented in combination with the system of

  Creation and management of surcharges described above.

  This figure shows the memory 10, the unit 20 and the link 30.

  Also found in the memory 10 are the locations Ei for storing the original files, the location E0, the location Eutil containing the usernames and the corresponding personal folder addresses, and locations Eul and Eul 'which are folders. personal. When creating a username ul, the system according to the invention not only creates a personal folder Eul which will be the storage location of the overload files associated with original files that the user ul consults, but also a file of type "glossary", Keywords @dy, which is empty at its creation and that the system

  records in Eul the personal file of ul.

  This glossary is a file intended to contain a series of chains of characters which one will name "keys", each key being able to form one or several words, or not. In the glossary, each key is individually associated with a command such as those mentioned above (display of a message on the screen, opening of a file, etc ...), or to another string of characters which does not necessarily have the format of a

  command whose syntax is recognized by the system.

  The ul user has the ability to edit this glossary and modify it, adding, deleting or modifying pairs (key, command) or

  more generally (key, string).

  The user also has the option to activate this glossary and disable it. To activate the glossary, all that is required is for the user to open the corresponding Mots clés. @ Dy file, directly using the operating system, or via a dedicated system command. The glossary is thus present in the memory of the unit 20

when activated.

  In the case where the Keywords glossary. @ Dy is activated, any "selection" of one of the glossary keys will cause the associated command to execute. We will see with reference to Figure 3 what are the main

  ways to make such a "selection" of a key.

  Thus, the glossary keys represent "primary instructions", which the user can select in one of the ways to be described, and the associated commands represent "secondary instructions" corresponding individually to the associated primary instructions of the user. glossary, the said instructions

  are executed by the system.

  Each ul user has a glossary that is personal and allows him to associate specific commands with certain

  strings that can be selected.

  When a user ul opens an original document corresponding to an A.extl file and associates an A. @ extl file with it as described above, he also has the option of creating and linking to the associated file A. @ extl, a glossary A. @ dy which will thus be associated with the pair (user ul, associated file A. @ extl). Just like the personal vocabulary Keywords @ dy, such a glossary A. @ dy said "document" is created by the system with extension @dy in order to be recognizable by the system according to the invention. This glossary, stored in the associated file A. @ extl, is automatically active when the user displays on the screen the document corresponding to the

file A. @ extl.

  On the other hand, the glossary of the document is not active when the editing window of the document corresponding to the file A. @ extl, to which the glossary A. @ dy is linked, is not the window that is selected (each opening of document causing the opening of a window inside

  F1 window which is the application window of the system according to the invention).

  According to the invention, the user can also include in any glossary a so-called "initial order" command that will be executed when the glossary is opened. This command can be of any type mentioned

above.

  And a third specific type of glossary that a user can create is the "application glossary". Such a glossary is an @dy file that is "associated" with the launch of a desired application in the

operating system.

  In this case the application glossary includes an initial command that starts the application and opening the application glossary causes the execution of a first command of the application, said

  glossary remaining active for the application.

  It is also possible to create one or more independent glossaries, thanks to a dedicated system command. It is thus possible to create at will files with a specific extension. @ Dy, which

  may be active on demand.

  It is thus possible to create and modify several types of glossaries containing pairs of strings, the first of which is a key and the second can be a command recognized by the system. Figure 3 shows different ways of "selecting" a character string to activate a command that would be associated with it in a

active glossary.

  Thus, it is first possible for this to: Select the character string in a document being displayed on the screen, for example by using the mouse. The user can thus delimit a string of characters and click on it, this

  which causes the selection of the character string (step 300).

  This selection mode of a character string, which corresponds to the preferred embodiment of the invention, will be discussed later. The user may also directly input the string of characters on the keyboard of the unit 20. to call

  a dialog box for making such an entry (step 301).

  20. Another alternative is the selection of the character string by the system itself (step 302). Such a selection may result, for example, from the selection by the user of an active overload of a document displayed on the screen, said active overload generating the character string (step 303). Such a selection can also result from the execution of an initial order following the opening of a glossary (step 304), and it is also possible for the user to display on the screen the glossary and of directly select a string of characters which constitutes a key of said glossary, in an editing window of the

glossary (step 305).

  Steps 300 to 305 are non-limiting alternatives for selecting a string of characters. The selection of the string causes the activation of a function of the system which consists in processing the selected string of characters (step 306). Schematically, this function performs the following steps: verification (step 307) because the character string has not yet been processed, a system indicator linked to the string of characters.

  characters being created when processing the string.

  Thus, if the system does not detect such an indicator, the function continues its processing as we will see. If instead the system detects an indicator of a processing performed on the character string, the processing function terminates (step 308) by canceling the flag at 309 in anticipation of subsequent selections of the string, a in the If no indicator associated with the string has been detected, the processing function creates such an indicator at 310 (so that if this flag is not canceled, at a later processing of the same string of characters). characters the processing function will end at 308), after step 310, the processing function analyzes the string of characters at 311. For this purpose, this function implements means such as means for splitting the string of characters into "words" and means of syntactic recognition, at the end of this analysis, in a step 312, if the chain of

  characters is a control of the system as mentioned above.

  above the processing function executes at 313 this command and cancels at 314 the flag created at 310. If instead the character string does not correspond to any command recognized by the system, the processing function consults in 315 the glossaries

  assets (the details of this consultation are detailed below).

  below) to determine in 316 whether the character string is a key of an active glossary, if the character string is not a key of a glossary, the processing function ends in 317 by canceling in 318 I ' an indicator generated in 310, if the character string is a key of an active glossary, the processing function generates in 319 the character string corresponding in this glossary to said key, which constitutes an additional means of selecting a string of characters to activate again in 306 the processing function with

  the new character string generated in 319.

  It can be seen that during a work session, several glossaries can be active at the same time. To solve the conflict problems that might occur during step 315 in the case where the same key would be associated in two different glossaries with two different commands, both glossaries being active at the same time, a default priority order is provided : when a character string is selected in one of the ways described above, the system consults, in this step 315, in the order: 20. the "document" glossary of the file whose editing window is selected, To and then the glossary of the application linked to the format of the edited file, if it exists,

  Finally, the user's personal glossary (glossary of words)

key words. @ dy).

  As soon as the system detects a key corresponding to the string of characters that has been selected, the corresponding command is executed and the system stops consulting the glossaries, and proceeds to step 316. It should be noted that this order of priority can be neutralized by the choice of an option in which the system presents to the user all the glossaries containing a key corresponding to a string of selected characters, the user can then choose the glossary he wants to use. It thus appears that the glossaries constitute "filters" which, when they are active, make it possible to translate a "primary" instruction which is the character string initially selected (by the user, or automatically by the system) and which is a key of an active glossary, into a "secondary" statement, which is the character string corresponding to the primary statement in the glossary, and which is provided to the

  operating system instead of the primary instruction.

  Note that in the case, which corresponds to the preferred embodiment of the invention, o the user selects on the screen the desired character string in the displayed document (step 300), it is possible according to a preferred variant of the intervention to graphically highlight strings that are keys to an active glossary. In this case, all keys in active glossaries are systematically highlighted graphically inside the selected window, in which the user displays an A.extl document

  likely to contain such keys.

  This highlighting can be done by a modification of the font and / or the color of these characters, similarly for example to the highlighting of hypertext links in

many existing applications.

* And a particularly advantageous implementation of such a graphical highlighting of glossary keys consists in creating hypertext links in a document (the key in this case being the character string which makes it possible to display the hypertext link in the document , and which also allows to execute the corresponding command of the

  glossary when the user clicks on this key).

  According to this implementation, a user can adapt the hypertext links of the document by modifying the active glossaries. A key corresponding to a character string of a document can thus be present in several different glossaries, the user can choose to activate one of these glossaries to execute a command

  corresponding wish when clicking on the link.

  It thus appears that the invention enables a user to customize the hypertext links of a document according to his needs; the system according to the invention thus constitutes an "inverted hypertext" system which is an important advance over the known system of documents with conventional hypertext links which impose on all users a version

unique from each link.

  It should be noted that the use of glossaries is not limited to the consultation of documents; indeed, these glossaries can also be implemented (for example with an operating system operating in text mode - like UNIX or MS-DOS (registered trademarks)), to "translate" primary instructions entered by the user in "secondary" instructions transmitted to the operating system. According to another advantageous aspect of the invention which can be combined with the preceding aspects, the system according to the invention also allows, as will now be seen, to manage in an original manner.

  access to different files and documents.

  It has been said that the system allows the user to call A.extl files stored in memory locations Ei at this location.

  effect the system is interfaced with the operating system.

  According to this third aspect of the invention, during each work session for which a user declares himself under a name - ul for example - the system also offers the user the possibility of defining at least one ordered list LOC1 of addresses of memory (each of which may correspond to any memory location of a network configuration or not, each location being localizable

  on any physical medium known per se).

  This list LOC1 which will be named "list of location" constitutes a file recorded by the system in the location Eutil, in association with the username ul under which the user is declared. The list is searchable and modifiable at any time by the user (including to change the order of the addresses), by calling the pane F2 which is edited at the user's connection to the system and which contains the

  settings specific to the session and the user.

  A user can select a desired location list, which will cause the system to save the selected new list in the Eutil location instead of the old list, and modify its selected location list (by adding or removing addresses, or

  changing their order in the list).

  It may also have selected no location list. In any case, only a location list can be selected at the

once by a user.

  If a location list such as LOC1 is selected by the user, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system according to the invention automatically constitutes an ordered list of addresses called "search list", in which Eul's address the user's home folder is at the top of the list, followed by the addresses

  ordered from the selected location list.

  In another alternative embodiment of the invention, the system can constitute the search list simply with the location list,

  without adding the address of Eul at the top of the list.

  Returning to this preferred variant, if now no location list has been selected by the user, the search list is

  by default the only address of the personal file Eul. In the known case of the simple implementation of an operating system,

  The user wanting to open an A.extl file must specify the file address by specifying the directory tree leading to

  the storage location of the file.

  In the case of the implementation of the third aspect of the invention, on the contrary, when the user calls an A.extl file, he does not have to specify the address of this file. If however it does, the system will in any case ignore this address at first and will automatically consult the addresses of the search list, in their order according to this list, to search successively in each of the locations corresponding to these respective addresses a file named A.extl (in the simplest application of the third aspect of the invention, ie in particular without the

  combine with associated files of type A. @ extl).

  As soon as the system detects an A.extl file corresponding to this search, it opens it and does not continue its search; it is therefore the document corresponding to this file A.extl, located in one of the memory locations designated by the addresses of the list of

  location, which is displayed on the screen).

  In the case where this search is unsuccessful, the system will ultimately search in the address specified by the user during the

  A.extl open command, if such an address has been specified.

  Thus, by changing the location list, the user can access different files by calling the same file name. This is a means of "dynamic location" of flexible and advantageous files. And this feature is also advantageously applicable in combination with the other aspects of the invention described above will be described below the terms of such a combination (presenting possibilities that are obviously applicable in the case of the application the

  simpler third aspect as described above).

  More precisely, FIG. 5 represents the steps implemented when a user calls a file, whether it is original (of type A.extl) or

associated (type A. @ extl).

  In this figure, these two first possible ways of calling a file have thus been represented at 501 and 502. If the user calls an original A.extl file at 501, the system automatically requests that the operating system look for an associated file A. @extl, which is equivalent to step 502

  in which it is the user who directly formulates such a request.

  A file having been called in 501 or 502 by the user, the system searches, successively in the different memory locations designated by the addresses of the search list, the file.

associated A. @ extl (step 503).

  As soon as such an A. @ extl file is located in one of the memory locations of the search list, the system reads in 504 the name of the original file associated with A. @ extl and its title in the description of A. @ extl (this title can be as we have said modified by the user). If this title is

  different from the file name, the system stores it (always in 504).

  If no A. @ extl files have been found in the locations specified by the search list (or as a last resort in a location designated by a possible address provided by the user when opening 501 or 502 ), the system automatically considers that the original file associated with A. @ extl is A.extl; this identification of the original file name from the file name

Associate takes place in 505.

  After the step 504 or 505, the system thus has an original file name and searches in 506 in the locations of the search list this original file. If it does not find it, the system stops

  search in 507 and the request of the user does not succeed.

  If instead the original file searched (A.extl or other) was found in 506, the system proceeds in 508 to ò the opening of this original file found, the reading of the title associated with this original file found in the description, and if this title is different from the name of the file, the memorization of the title read, 5. the display on the screen of the document corresponding to the original file found, the display on the screen of the document corresponding to the associated file A. @extl superimposed on the document corresponding to the

  original file, if such an associated file was found in 503.

  After performing these operations, the system updates in 509 two "historical lists" which are files similar to glossaries, one list being relative to the current work session and the other being permanent and

  updated at each session of the same user.

  These historical lists contain a set of pairs (title, file name), the system controlling the opening of a file associated with a file.

title when calling the title.

  For this update, the system informs the field "title" by the first title read and stored in 504 or 508 and different from the file names in the description of which it is integrated or, otherwise, the name of the original file

identified in 506.

  The historical lists allow the user to call files in a third way, different from steps 501 and 502: the user can indeed simply enter a title in 510, the system then determining

  in 511 if of title belongs to a historical list or not.

  If the title belongs to a history list, the system calls in 501 or 502 the file (original or associated) which is associated with the title in said

  listing. Otherwise, the request of the user does not succeed (end step 507).

  It is understood that by modifying its location list LOC1, the user has the possibility of modifying the search list so as to, by calling

  simply a filename or title, actually open different files.

  It is also possible to activate an "all documents" option in which the system does not stop its search when it has located in step 503 an associated file in one of the corresponding locations

  to an address in the search list.

  In this case indeed, the system continues its search by scanning all the addresses of the search list, and opens on the screen the original file A.extl called, as well as the set of associated files named A. @ extl which could be located in the different locations corresponding to an address of the search list, these associated files

  being then all superimposed on the screen on the original file.

  More precisely, and with reference to FIG. 6, after calling 601 an original or associated file, via a command corresponding to steps 501, 502 or 510 described with reference to the figure, the system scans in 602 corresponding to the step 503 of FIG. 5, all the locations of the search list, to constitute in 603 a set consisting of all the pairs (associated file found;

corresponding original).

  In 604, the system determines whether all the original files of the

  couples of this set are actually one and the same original file.

  If this is the case, the system displays on the screen the document corresponding to said original file, with all the documents corresponding to the

  associated files in overlay (step 605).

  It is also possible in an option that the system proposes to the user a drop-down menu making it possible to select the associated files for which he wishes to display the documents corresponding to the screen, in

superposition (step 606).

  If now the pairs of the set consisting of 603 comprise different original files, the system proposes in 607 to the user to select an original file and displays the document

  corresponding with its associated documents.

  So we understand that by changing the location list (and / or personal folder), a user will open different files in

  executing the same command to open an A.extl file.

  It is also possible to store different LOC1, LOC2 ... location lists at desired memory locations, corresponding to lists of memory locations containing different files. In any case, as has been said, only a list of

  location is active both during a work session.

  If, for example, we are considering the case of students and a teacher connected to a network and working on a project, the teacher can ask his / her different students to work on the same original X.htm file containing the statement of a problem. and the data

necessary for its resolution.

  To answer the questions, each student opens the document corresponding to the original X.htm file and creates an X. @ htm overload file that he stores in a memory location of his own to record his answers (which can be the folder student staff). Each student thus creates a different X. @ htm file, which may include surcharges associated or not with commands, which can call different files (including Internet pages), the teacher can call each of these associated files by selecting a list of location in which the student's memory location is in

head of list.

  In this case, when the teacher calls the file X.htm, the system superimposes the document corresponding to the original file containing the statement, the document corresponding to the associated file of answers from

the chosen student.

  The teacher can also activate the "all documents" option described above and choose a location list in which the addresses of the respective memory locations in which the

  different students record their answers.

  In this case, by calling the file X.htm, the teacher retrieves on the screen the superposition of all the answer files on the original file of questions; it can also select a memory location dedicated to a student in a list as evoked for step 606 in

  reference to Figure 6, to view the answers of this student.

  It thus appears that the user can direct the operating system with which the system according to the invention is interfaced to, using a single simple file opening command, access to different desired files. Thus, depending on the context in which the user is, he can access different files by executing the same file opening commands, only the desired location list to be

updated by the user.

  It can also do this by defining a command that automatically sets a given LOC1 location list as the active location list, depending on a location environment.

desired work.

  For example, we can think of the example of a trainer preparing a field mission in a preparation base, and using a location list to access a first set of files by executing a given series of files. opening orders from

  file (said series can be described in a procedure).

  Once in the field, the user will need to deal with the same topics as during the preparation, but he will need different information that he will access by changing his active location list so that the execution of the series of command of the same

  procedure will cause access to different files.

  And it is also possible according to the invention that it is not the name of the file, nor the name of an associated file, which constitutes the "key" for opening a file of a search list (it is to say the parameter associated with the file and by which the user calls the file, without obligatorily

specify his address).

  It is indeed possible to implement this third aspect of the invention by using any other parameter associated with a file (such as one of the parameters of the file description mentioned above when presenting the contents of the description), or even another parameter that can be associated with the file in the system (name of the creator or the last user who modified the file, characteristic date, designated type

by the extension, ...).

  A user U1 declared under the name ul can also constitute, with other users declared under names ui or even on its own, a "group" G with which is associated an EG location of the memory 10

(shown in Figure 4).

  A group declaration is an operation analogous to the declaration of a user name, which requires the choice of an EG location or "group folder" corresponding to a group-specific data storage location, where EG is for the group

  the equivalent of the user's personal file.

  A group is an entity recognized by the system, in the same way as a user, the group constituting a higher level of attachment of multiple users. And it is possible to associate to a group a list of location, as for a user, and to modify the

  group location list or to change it.

  When opening a work session and editing the sub-

  window F2, the system offers the user the possibility of creating a group and defining an associated memory location EG, the user being able to

  whether or not to join this group for the work session.

  In the same way that the user names are stored permanently between two work sessions, the group names and the associated addresses remain in the memory 10 (the user having the possibility to modify the addresses of the groups or to delete groups). When the user ul is attached to a group G, the system stores in the location Eul the address of the location EG associated with the group and constitutes the search list of the user by forwarding the address of the personal file. of the user by the addresses of the group search list, including the location list associated with the group if it has one. Several different users can relate to one

same group.

  In response to a command to open an A.extl file by ul, the system searches for an associated file A. @ extl in the search list consisting of the user's home folder address Eul followed by the

Group search list.

  In this case, the system works both at the user level and at the group level, displaying on the screen the superposition of documents corresponding to the original A.extl file, and documents corresponding to the associated files A. @ extl found in Eul and in the locations of the search list

of the group.

  Thus, the user ul visualizes his own surcharges, with those

  are associated at the group level.

  But if the user ul then brings new overloads, the overloads will be saved only in the associated file A. @ extl of Eul the personal file of ul. Any A. @ extl files associated with A.extl and stored in EG and / or in the group's location list

are not modified.

  Overloads made by the user to A.extl are in this case clean and are not shared with other users belonging to the same group, because another user u2 attached to the same group G will not display the contents of file A. @extl saved in the folder

staff of ul.

  If another user u2 attached to the same group G calls A.extl, he will display the overloads made at the group level (stored in EG), as well as any additional overloads associated with the group (designated by the group's location list), but not those specifically made by ul as a single user. And u2 can also bring its own overloads that will be visible only by itself, opening A.extl while it is declared

  as u2 whose personal folder is that of u2 and not that of the group.

  Each user thus has the possibility to add his personal surcharges to surcharges made at the group level,

  personal overloads only visible to this user.

  The system also offers the user the opportunity to declare themselves for a work session not just as a user (ul ..), but as a "group manager" (by an editable field of the sub -F2 window, which allows the user to declare as his "folder

  "Location EG which corresponds to the group).

  In this case, the search list of the user is assimilated to that of the group, namely the address of EG the storage location of the group followed by any ordered addresses of the list of location

associated with the group.

  And the user declared as the manager of the group "is" the group, that is, he can modify the location list associated with the group, or change the location list for the entire group. A user's access to the "group manager>" level can be protected by

a specific password.

  If the same user ul now declares that his personal file is EG, thus placing himself at the level of the group manager, the execution of an A.extl opening command entered by the user will show on the screen the superimposition of the original document A.extl and overloads corresponding to the associated file A. @ extl present in EG (and possibly to the associated file (s) of a localization list of

  group), the overloads recorded in Eul not appearing.

  On the other hand, at this level the overloads brought by the user will be recorded in the file A. @ extl memorized in EG, and will appear for all the other users calling A.extl as soon as they

  are declared as attached to group G for their work session.

  It is thus possible to modify at two different levels the overloads made to a file, the overloads made at the group level (that is to say by a user declared as a group manager) that can be viewed by all users attached

to the group.

  And each user has the possibility to bring more

  file its own surcharges, which will be visible only to him alone.

  The user can also choose not to select any home group for his work session, he will then be declared simply as a user (he can also open different sessions simultaneously, some under usernames, others under as manager of a group). The user has, as we have said, also the

  possibility to modify the list of groups to which it is attached.

  If the user is declared under the name ul without having selected

  home group, his personal record is Eul which is that of ul.

  Consequently, when the user then calls an A.extl file, the system searches the search list consisting of the address of the personal file Eul followed, if necessary, by a list of locations.

  selected by ul, an associated file A. @ extl.

  It is thus clear that the system makes it possible to process the files at two levels (user level and group manager level), each level corresponding to a type of entity (user for the level).

  user, group for group level).

  In the same way, the system makes it possible to create at will other

  levels, which can thus constitute a multi-level tree.

  For example, in one embodiment of the system according to the invention, four levels are thus provided by default, starting from the most general level and going to the most detailed level: At a level 4 "application" which is the level at which a set of used files are changed. This level includes only one entity, at a level 3 "update"> which can gather the different update versions of this set of files. In this case, a given entity of level 3 corresponds to the update at a given date of the set of files and all these entities are attached to the previous level, a level 2 "group", each group can bring together several users, and be attached itself to all the entities of the level "update", or to some only containing the versions interesting the group,

15. a level 1 "user">.

  In the architecture example above, when a user is declared at the user level (level 1) and calls an A.extl file, the user's search list consists of the address of the user. the user's personal folder, followed by the Level 2 search list, and then

  of the search list of level 3, and finally of level 4.

  The system will thus overlay on the screen the associated files A. @ extl from levels 1 to 4 to the original file, so that the user will see all the overloads brought to levels higher than his (while not being able to bring overloads at its level, these overloads are not visible for example for other users attached to the same group, or for other groups attached to the same update). In the same way, a group manager will visualize the

  overloads at levels 2, 3 and 4.

  It is also possible to define for a user a "minimum level" in order to visualize only the overloads brought to general levels. In the above example of a four-level architecture, a user ul declared in the system as a user can thus declare in the system as a minimum level the level 3

(" updates ").

  In this case, when the user calls an A.extl file, the system overlay the original document only the associated documents of levels 3 and 4, so that the user will only see the overheads at these levels, and not overloads made at the level of

  group and the user himself.

Claims (27)

  A method allowing a user (ul) to enter, in a computer system comprising file storage means, an operating system and a visual interface such as a screen, character strings that constitute primary instructions , in order to trigger an action of said operating system, characterized in that the method translates primary instructions into respective secondary instructions which are associated with the respective primary instructions and which will be provided to the operating system in place of the associated primary instruction, and the correspondences between primary and secondary instructions are individually associated with the user. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of> Activating at least one list (Key words @ dy, A @ dy) establishing correspondences between respective primary instructions and secondary instructions which are respectively and individually associated, - Select a primary instruction, If said selected primary instruction belongs to an activated list: replace this primary instruction with the corresponding secondary instruction in said activated list, and provide the operating system with said secondary instruction to the place of said selected primary instruction. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the selection of   the primary instruction can be done by a user.   4. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said selection can be performed in one of the following ways:> Direct input (301) of the primary instruction on an interface of the computer system such as a keyboard,> A selection (303) in a document displayed on the visual interface,> A selection (305) in said list displayed on the visual interface.   5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the   selection of the primary instruction can be performed automatically.   6. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said selection results from the activation by a user of an overload.   associated with a document (A. @ extl) displayed on the visual interface.   7. Method according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the   selection of the primary instruction is performed when displayed on   The visual interface of a computer document (A.extl, A. @ extl).   8. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that during the display of the document, the method comprises the systematic highlighting of the primary instructions belonging to an activated list.   to build hypertext links.   9. Method according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that   the activation of the lists is done by a user, who can activate desired lists.   10.Procédé according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that   the user has the possibility to create, modify and delete at will   lists that can be activated.   1. Method according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the   lists are files of which at least one (keyword. @ dy) is stored in a memory location (Eul) individually associated with the user.   12. Method according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that   the user has the possibility to associate to any desired document (A.extl) a list (A. @ dy), which will be automatically activated during the display   of the document on the visual interface.   13. Method according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that   least one list includes an initial order that is executed by the   operating system when activating the list.   14.Procédé according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the   initial command is a command to launch an application.   15. Method according to one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that   is automatically set an order of priority between the activated lists, so that when a primary instruction is selected, the method includes a step of automatically searching the primary instruction in the activated lists according to said priority order, and replacing this primary instruction by the first secondary instruction corresponding identified.   16. Method according to one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that the   method comprises the sequence of steps of verifying (307) in a first step that the primary instruction has not yet been processed, - analyzing (311) said primary instruction to determine whether it is a recognized command by the operating system, if the primary instruction is an operating system command, executing (313) said command by the operating system,> if the primary instruction is not a command of the operating system operation: ó search (315) in the activated lists for said primary instruction, ó and, if the primary instruction is located in one of the activated lists, * constitute (319) a new primary instruction with the secondary instruction corresponding to the primary instruction initially selected, and reset (306) said first step with the   new primary instruction thus constituted.   A document viewing system comprising file storage means, an operating system and a visual interface such as a screen, the system being adapted to be implemented with an operating system, the system comprising means for allowing a user (ul) to enter into the system strings which are primary instructions, for triggering an action of said operating system, characterized in that the system comprises means for translating instructions primary secondary instructions which are associated with the respective primary instructions and which will be provided to the operating system in place of the associated primary instruction, said means for translating the primary instructions into secondary instructions for individually associating each user with desired matches between primary and secondary instructions. 18. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises means for:> Activating at least one list (keywords. @ Dy, A @ dy) establishing correspondences between respective primary instructions and secondary instructions which are respectively and individually associated, Select a primary instruction,> If said selected primary instruction belongs to an activated list: / replace this primary instruction with the corresponding secondary instruction in said activated list, / and provide the operating system with said secondary instruction in place of said selected primary instruction. 19. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that there is provided means for allowing the user to make a selection. primary education.   20. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said selection can be performed in one of the following ways: A direct input (301) of the primary instruction on an interface of the computer system such as a keyboard, - A selecting (303) in a document displayed on the visual interface, a selection (305) in said list displayed on the visual interface.   21.System according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that   is provided means to automatically perform the selection of primary instruction.   22. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said selection results from the activation by a user of an overload.   associated with a document (A. @ extl) displayed on the visual interface.   23.System according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that   the selection of the primary instruction is performed when displayed on   the visual interface of a computer document (A.extl, A @ extl).   24. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that during the display of the document, the method comprises the systematic highlighting of the primary instructions belonging to an activated list.   to build hypertext links.   25.System according to one of claims 18 to 24, characterized in that   means are provided for allowing the user to activate desired lists.   26.System according to one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that   means are provided to enable the user to create, modify and   delete at will lists that can be activated.   27. System according to one of claims 18 to 26, characterized in that   lists are files of which at least one (Keywords. @ dy) is stored in an associated memory location (Eul) individually to the user.   28. System according to one of claims 18 to 27, characterized in that   there are provided means for allowing the user to associate with any desired document a list (A. @ dy), and means for automatically activating said list when the document is displayed on the visual interface.   29. System according to one of claims 18 to 28, characterized in that   least one list includes an initial order that is executed by the   operating system when activating the list.   30. System according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the   initial command is a command to launch an application.   31.System according to one of claims 18 to 30, characterized in that   there are provided means for automatically establishing an order of priority between the activated lists, and means for performing, when a primary instruction is selected, an automatic search of the primary instruction in the activated lists according to said priority order, and the replacing this primary instruction with the first   corresponding secondary instruction identified.   32. System according to one of claims 18 to 31, characterized in that   means are provided for: - checking (307) in a first step that the primary instruction has not yet been processed, - analyzing (311) said primary instruction to determine if it is a recognized command by the operating system, if the primary instruction is an operating system command, causing the operating system to execute (313) the command, if the primary instruction is not a control of the operating system. operation: v search (315) in the lists activated for this primary instruction, and, if the primary instruction is located in one of the activated lists, * constitute (319) a new primary instruction with the secondary instruction corresponding to the primary instruction initially selected, * and reset (306) said first step with the   new primary instruction thus constituted.