FR2693026A1 - Removable isolating switch for high-tension lines - has unipolar cut-out operated by electrically insulated operator at distance for aerial high tension lines - Google Patents

Abstract

The isolating switch has three unipolar cut-outs (5,5',5''). Each cut-out is fixed to one side of a HT line (6,7,8) and to the other of an insulating cable (9,9',9'') and to an auxiliary line (10,11,12). The switch has manual control from the cut-outs (13). The control has two series of joining (14,15), (14',15') and (14'',15'') which are rigid and electrically insulated. The control has an envelope (16) which is cylindrical and is operated by hand at the foot of the pylon (17). The envelope is fixed to the foot of the pylon by collars to stop illegal access and using padlocks. The assembly opens very sharply and electrically isolates a first connection and a mobile extremity. A second connection allows re-attachment to the cable. The first connection has a screw-type head to join the cable through a cylindrical housing. USE - Rapid manual cut-out for overhead high-tension cables.

Description

REMOVABLE DISCONNECTOR
FOR HIGH VOLTAGE LINES
The present invention relates to a removable disconnect device suitable for being temporarily installed between two high voltage overhead lines (HV), in place of the electrical bridge existing between the lines.

 It finds a particularly important, although not exclusive, application in the field of short-term power-off work on a section of overhead high voltage network (HTA).

 By short duration should be understood a duration for example less than of the order of 14 days.

 There is currently no known disconnect device of this type.

 When work without voltage on an MV electrical network must be carried out, a team authorized to work under voltage is therefore content today to intervene before the work to remove the electric bridge, which cuts the supply of the section, then for refit the bridge after the work, which restores the current.

 To avoid the main line being cut, and to reduce the duration of the power cut for the section concerned, work by the live work team must be carried out quickly before and after work with the power off.

Such a solution has drawbacks
It inevitably generates waiting times and therefore significant time losses.

 Planning the teams' interventions is also difficult because of the diversity of successive works to be carried out on lines which are often located at very distant locations from each other. It therefore follows a complicated and costly management of the time of the energized intervention teams.

 The present invention aims to provide a solution that meets the requirements of practice better than those previously known, in particular in that it makes it possible to dissociate the removal and / or reassembly operation between main lines and auxiliary lines of the section concerned, from works. power off proper.

 It therefore becomes possible to plan the intervention of live work teams by providing margins to overcome the vagaries and thus ensure a significant gain in productivity and a reduction in intervention costs.

 To this end, the present invention essentially provides a removable disconnector device between two lines or two groups of MV overhead lines, characterized in that it comprises at least one unipolar breaking device capable of being fixed on one side removably on a of the two lines and on the other side to an electrically insulated cable, connectable to the other of the two lines, and means of manual remote control of the unipolar breaking device by an operator, suitable for electrically isolating the operator said cut-off member.

 The device according to the invention can be designed in a modular fashion. It is light, compact, easy to transport on uneven terrain or difficult to access and can be quickly assembled and disassembled by live work teams. It can be activated by an operator who is not authorized to work under voltage, the manual remote control means electrically isolating the operator who acts in complete safety.

 In advantageous embodiments of the invention, use is made of one and / or the other of the following arrangements - the unipolar cut-off member comprises an elongated structure for mechanical support of a knife assembly abrupt opening disconnection, a first connection allowing the electrical connection of one end of the knife assembly in the closed position to the line on which the cut-off device is fixed, a second connection allowing the connection of the other end of the knife assembly to the cable, a cut-off chamber for extinguishing the electric arc when the knife assembly is opened, and a spreader for opening and closing the knife integral with the support structure .

A knife assembly has the particular advantage of being simple, reliable to operate
adapted to withstand bad weather and thermal, electrical and mechanical stresses to which the organ is subjected; - The knife assembly comprises a main knife, through which the current flows, and an auxiliary knife which cuts off by abrupt elastic return of the auxiliary knife on the main knife, after mechanical separation of said main knife from the first connection; - The remote control means comprise two insulating rods, or two series of insulating rods, for controlling the spreader in opening / closing of the knife assembly, manually actuable by the operator by pulled / pushed movements.

 Such means are in particular easy to use and do not require any special technical qualification for the operator - the lifter has a substantially triangular shape, hollowed out, suitable for tilting around a perch axis perpendicular to the lifter plane, including a first vertex. is rigidly attached to one end of the knife assembly, and the other two vertices of which are respectively integral and pivotally mounted with the upper end of the two insulating rods; - The device further comprises mechanical locking means for controlling the cut-off member in the open or closed position and means for visual control of said positions.

 This results in great job security; - Locking is obtained by rotation of the rods around their respective axes on a quarter turn; the locking means comprise, a U-shaped end piece integral with the corresponding top of the spreader and suitable for pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the spreader of substantially triangular shape, a locking piece suitable for being screwed and unscrewed d '' A quarter turn around the axis of the corresponding rod, and comprising a transverse latch extending on either side of said piece arranged to cooperate with two locking notches integral with the support structure of the member in position locked, and to release said notches in the operating position, and cardanic connection means with the upper end of the rod; - The device further comprises a clean enclosure to contain the lower ends of the control rods and to allow the recording, for example by padlock.

 The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example.

 The description refers to the accompanying drawings in which - Figure 1 shows a device according to the embodiment of the invention more particularly described here, installed between main HV lines and HV auxiliary lines.

- Figure 2 is a side view of a single-pole breaking member belonging to the device of Figure 1.

- Figure 3 is a partially schematic front view of the cut-off device in Figure 2.

FIGS. 4 a and 4 b schematically show the operating mode to be followed for opening and closing the cut-off member of FIG. 2.

FIG. 1 shows a disconnecting device 1, removable, installed between three main overhead lines HT 2 and three auxiliary overhead lines HT 3.

 The device 1 is mounted in place of the bridge 4 shown in phantom in Figure 1, a bridge which has therefore been removed.

 The device 1 comprises three unipolar cut-off members 5, 5 'and 5 ". Each member is respectively fixed, on one side to a corresponding main HV line 6, 7 and 8, and on the other side to an electrically insulated cable 9, 9 'and 9' ', itself connected to a corresponding auxiliary line 10, 11 and 12, in a manner known per se.

 The device comprises means 13 for manual remote control of the cut-off members, by an operator.

 These control means comprise, for each member, two series of rods respectively 14 and 15, 14 'and 15', 14 "and 15" rigid and electrically insulating.

 The rods of the same series are fixed one in the extension of the other in a known manner, for example by screwing. The total length of each series of rods is adapted to the height of the power lines.

 The control means 13 also comprise a casing 16, for example cylindrical, capable of containing the lower ends of the series of rods, within reach of an operator located at the foot of the pylon 17.

 The envelope 16 is fixed to the foot of the pylon, for example by collars 18 which can be blocked by padlock (not shown).

 Figures 2 and 3 show the cut-off member 5 according to the embodiment of the invention more particularly described here.

 I1 comprises a set 19 of knives with abrupt opening, two insulating rods 20, which provide electrical isolation between a first connection 21 allowing the electrical connection of the movable end 22 of the knife assembly 19 in the closed position, with the line 6, and a second connection 23 allowing the connection of the other end of the knife assembly secured to the cut-off member, with the cable 9, electrically insulated and connectable to the auxiliary line 10 in a manner known in itself- even.

 The insulating rods 20 also provide the support and the mechanical rigidity of the cut-off member.

The first connection 21 comprises a cover 21 'and clamping means for example with spring 21 "of the cable 6 on the cover 21', provided for this purpose with a cylindrical notch 21a
The knife assembly 19 comprises a main knife 24, through which the current flows, and an auxiliary knife 25, which cuts and operates on the principle of snap breaking. Spring return means 26, known in themselves, bring the auxiliary knife back onto the main knife as soon as the latter deviates for example by an angle of the order of 30 from the connector 21.

 As shown diagrammatically in the upper right-hand part of FIG. 2, the knives fit in the closed position in elastic jaws 27, for example made of electrolytically tinned copper.

 The breaking device comprises a cutting chamber 28 of known type, arranged to extinguish the electric arc when the knives open, for example by gas evolution.

 The knife assembly is fixed in the lower part 29 of the main knife to a spreader 30 for opening and closing the knives.

 The lifter 30 has a substantially triangular tubular structure. I1 comprises two vertices 31 and 32 provided with small transverse axes 33 and 34 made integral and blocked in displacement, with respect to the structure of the lifter, by means of welded legs 35 and 36.

 The axes 33 and 34 are mounted integral with the upper ends of the rods 14 and 15 which can pivot in the plane of the lifter around these axes.

 The last vertex 37 of the structure is rigidly fixed, for example by bolting 38, to the lower end 29 of the main knife 24.

The tubular side 39, which separates the two vertices 31 and 32 for fixing the ends of rods, is convex in shape, with vertex 40 directed towards the inside of the lifter.

 The top 40 is pivotally attached via a junction piece 41 in the form of a small plate, to a pivot pin 42 rigidly fixed to the support structure of the member in the lower part of the rods 20.

 Two tinned copper braids 43 are also fixed on one side, for example by bolting, to the cable 9 and to a piece 44 secured to the support structure of the member, and on the other side to the bottom 45 of the main knife. with which they provide the electrical connection for the transit of current.

 The lifter also includes a notch, 46 directed towards the outside and situated on one side 47 between the vertices 32 and 37 of the lifter, arranged to create a hard point during the handling of the lifter by an operator, by coming to cooperate with an axis. 48 secured to part 44 when handling the lifter.

 The cut-off member 5 also comprises a lower locking piece 49, insulating, for example made of polyethylene, comprising two side plates 50 and 51 rigidly fixed to the piece 44 for example by bolting. These plates are substantially similar in the upper part and comprise respectively in the lower part of the notches 52, 53 and 54, 55 arranged so as to allow the vertical pull-push manipulation of the control rods and the pull-push locking of the said rods in the open position and / or closing, by means of a system 56 which is detailed below.

 The plate 50 comprises a vertical posterior notch 52, substantially triangular, of small angle at the top, open downwards, having a side 52 'of short length towards the rear 56 of the plate (side of the knife opening) and one side 52 "forwards, of greater length.

 The plate 51, for its part, faces the notch 52 (see FIG. 2), a rear notch 53, substantially symmetrical with the notch 52 with respect to the central plane 57 of the breaking member, directed towards the bottom, having a side 53 'of short length towards the front, and a side 53 "of greater length towards the rear of said plate.

 The plate 50 also comprises a front notch 54, comprising a lug 58 projecting substantially horizontally, directed towards the rear 56 of the plate, the plate 51 having a front notch 55 substantially triangular, vertical, the opening of which is directed towards the bottom, facing the portion 59 of the notch 51, located between the body of the plate 47 and the protruding lug 58.

 The notch 55 includes a side 55 'of short length towards the front of the part 51 and a side of greater length 55 "on the other side.

 The system 56 also includes means 60 for mechanical locking of the means 13 for controlling the cut-off member in the open or closed position, capable of cooperating with the notches 52, 53 and 54, 55.

 The device 60 also allows the flexible junction (see FIG. 3) of each rod head 14 with the lifter.

 More precisely, the means 60 comprise, for each rod, an end piece 61 in a U, integral with the corresponding apex 31 or 32 and suitable for pivoting around the corresponding axis 33 or 34 perpendicular to the plane of the lifter, as described above. .

 The means 60 also comprise a junction piece 62, which can be screwed and unscrewed relative to the U-shaped piece 61 around a substantially vertical axis passing through the plane 57 of the lifter, by a quarter turn.

 The connecting piece is provided with a transverse latch 63 to which it is rigidly fixed. The latch is arranged to cooperate in one direction with the notches in which it fits and to free itself from said notches in the other direction the latch being made parallel to the plane 57 after rotation of a quarter turn, by the operator located at ground level via the series of rods 14 and 15.

 A cardan joint 64, of known type, is provided to ensure the rigid junction, while preserving lateral or transverse play of the means 60 with the corresponding rods 14 and 15.

 We will now describe the implementation of the device according to the invention with more particular reference to Figure 2 and Figures 4a and 4b.

 The team of operators authorized to work under tension places the device 1 on the corresponding lines 2 and 3, in the open position (knives open - Figure 4a).

 The cut-off members 5, 5 'and 5 "are fixed to the corresponding lines 6, 7 and 8 by screwing the pieces 21" onto the lines.

 The cables 9, 9 ′ and 9 "are also connected to the auxiliary lines 10, 11 and 12.

The series of rods are also mounted and their lower ends brought back to the foot of pylon 17.

 Once the device is installed, the knives are closed. To make the lock O (groove 52 and 53) is unscrewed (step A of Figure 4b) knowing that the lock F is in the unscrewed position.

 Then the operator pulls down on the series of rods or rod 15 (step B).

 The lifter 23 pivots around the axis 42 (Figure 2) and closes the knives in the jaws 27.

 The member is then immobilized in the closed position by screwing the series of rods or rod 14 (stage C of FIG. 4b).

 The operator then checks the locking visually, the latches 63 being painted red to indicate the closed position and green to indicate the open position.

 The enclosure 16 is then mounted and consigned for example by padlock and then the bridge 4 deposited in a manner known in itself.

 All of these operations are carried out in advance, for example a few days before work with the power off on the section concerned.

 When the off-line intervention team is ready, it decontaminates enclosure 16 and proceeds to open the device.

 To do this, the rod 15 is unscrewed which releases the lock F (step A of Figure 4a).

 The operator pulls on the rod 14, downwards (step B). The hard point created by the notch 46 in the lifting beam allows the operator to manually feel that he is opening the disconnector. The main knife moves aside, then the auxiliary knife suddenly opens, the electric arc is extinguished in chamber 23.

 The lifter comes in the low position (shown in broken lines in Figure 2).

 The cut-off member 5 is then immobilized in the open position by screwing the rod 14 in the blocking position (step C of FIG. 4a).

 A visual check is then carried out on the latches.

 Each organ is thus successively opened.

 The device is then again locked this time in the open position.

 Once the voltage-free work has been carried out, the device is reactivated to restore the current in the section, closed as described above in the case of mounting the device.

 Some time later and depending on their schedule, the live response team can come to rest the bridge and remove the device, and this, independently of work off.

Claims (10)

 1. Device (1) removable disconnector between two lines or two groups of overhead lines (2,3) HT, characterized in that it comprises at least one unipolar breaking member (5.5 ′, 5 ") suitable for being fixed on one side removably on one of the two lines (6,7,8) and on the other side on an electrically insulated cable (9,9 ', 9 "), connectable to the other of the two lines (10 , 11,12), and means (13,14,15; 14 ', 15'; 14 ", 15") for manual remote control of the unipolar breaking device by an operator, electrically insulating.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the unipolar cut-off member (5.5 ′, 5 ") comprises an elongated structure (20) for mechanical support of a sectioning knife assembly with abrupt opening, a first connection (21) allowing the electrical connection of one end (22) of the knife assembly in the closed position to the line (6,7,8) on which the cut-off member is fixed, a second connection (23 ) allowing the connection of the other end of the knife assembly to the cable (9.9 ', 9 "), a breaking chamber (28) for extinction of the electric arc at the time of opening of the knife assembly, and a spreader (30) for opening and closing the knife assembly, integral with the support structure.  3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the knife assembly (19) comprises a main knife (24), by which the current flows, and an auxiliary knife which ensures the cut by abrupt elastic return of the auxiliary knife on the main knife, after mechanical separation of said main knife from the first connection (21).  4. Device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the means (13) for remote control comprise two insulating rods (14,15; 14 ', 15'; 14 ", 15") of the spreader bar in opening / closing, manually operable by the operator by pull / push movements.  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the lifter (30) has a substantially triangular shape, recessed, suitable for tilting around a perch axis (42) perpendicular to the plane of said substantially triangular shape, including a first vertex (37) is rigidly fixed to one end of the knife assembly, and the other two vertices (31,32) of which are respectively integral and pivotally mounted with the upper end of the two insulating rods (14,15).  6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises means (56,60) for mechanical locking of the control means of the cut-off member in the open or closed position and of the control means visual of said positions.  7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking is obtained by rotation of the rods (14,15; 14 ', 15'; 14 ", 15") around their respective axes on a quarter turn.  8. Device according to claim 7, dependent on any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the locking means comprise for each rod, a U-shaped end piece (61) integral with the corresponding top of the lifter ( 30) and suitable for pivoting about an axis (33,34) perpendicular to the plane of the lifting beam of substantially triangular shape, a locking piece suitable for being screwed and unscrewed by a quarter of a turn around the axis of the corresponding rod , and comprising a transverse latch (63) extending on either side of said piece arranged to cooperate with two locking notches (52,53; 54,55) integral with the support structure of the member in the locked position , and to release said notches in the operating position, and connection means by gimbal with the upper end of the rod.  9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an enclosure (16) suitable for containing and allowing the recording of the internal ends of the control rods (14,15; 14 ', 15' ; 14 ", 15").  10. Application of the device according to any one of the preceding claims to the temporary separation of a part of the HV electrical network from the voltage sources.