FR2668332A1 - A pollen platform/trap door with hygiene (sanitary) device - Google Patents
A pollen platform/trap door with hygiene (sanitary) device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2668332A1 FR2668332A1 FR9013251A FR9013251A FR2668332A1 FR 2668332 A1 FR2668332 A1 FR 2668332A1 FR 9013251 A FR9013251 A FR 9013251A FR 9013251 A FR9013251 A FR 9013251A FR 2668332 A1 FR2668332 A1 FR 2668332A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- pollen
- trap
- sanitary device
- tray
- bees
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920013661 Rhodoid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000024780 Urticaria Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000002474 Tinea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000893966 Trichophyton verrucosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/06—Other details of beehives, e.g. ventilating devices, entrances to hives, guards, partitions or bee escapes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un plateau-trappe à pollen, permettant la récolte du pollen dans les meilleures conditions d'hygiène pour le produit,ceci sans perturber le mouvement des abeilles. The present invention relates to a pollen hatch tray, allowing the pollen to be harvested in the best hygienic conditions for the product, without disturbing the movement of the bees.
Les procédés existants, souvent dépourvus de planche d'envol, créent des déviations importantes entre l'entrée et la sortie:
Ils obligent les abeilles à passer deux fois par la grille à pollen,ce qui multiplie les risques de dégradation des meobres de celles-ci(ailes et pattes),et crée une bousculade entre les entrées et les sorties qui rend l'abeille plus agressive (gêne au bon fonctionnement de la ruche).Existing processes, often without a flight board, create significant deviations between entry and exit:
They force the bees to pass twice through the pollen grid, which multiplies the risks of degradation of the latter (wings and legs), and creates a stampede between the entrances and the exits which makes the bee more aggressive (hindrance to the proper functioning of the hive).
D'autre part,les tiroirs sont souvent mal protégés des in -tempéries et des déchets internes de la ruche. On the other hand, the drawers are often poorly protected from bad weather and internal waste from the hive.
Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de remédier a ces inconvénients. En effet,d'une part,la mise en place d'une plan -che d'envol basculante vers le bas (1 c) met er service 1? trappe à pollen sans dévier l'entrée habituelle de l'abeille; d'autre part,la pose d'une porte spéciale lumineuse attire celle-ci vers une autre sortie, annulant de ce fait les rises de bousculades et de dégradations du corps de l'abeille. The device according to the invention overcomes these drawbacks. Indeed, on the one hand, the establishment of a flight plane tilting downwards (1 c) put service 1? pollen trap without deflecting the usual bee entrance; on the other hand, the installation of a special luminous door attracts this one towards another exit, thus canceling the rises of jostling and degradations of the body of the bee.
De plus,le tiroir à pollen se trouve protégé sur tous les côtés parce que place sous le plateau de la ruche,ce qui évite la chute des déchets internes et les risques inhérents aux in -temperies,ceci sans nuire a' la ventilation. In addition, the pollen drawer is protected on all sides because it is placed under the hive tray, which avoids the fall of internal waste and the risks inherent in bad weather, without affecting ventilation.
Avantages de ce nrocédé pour les abeilles:
-Pas de dérangement de la vie de la ruche lors de la ré- -colte du pollen puisque le tiroir se dégage par derrière.Advantages of this process for bees:
-No disturbance of the life of the hive during the re-harvesting of the pollen since the drawer emerges from behind.
-Pas de déviation de la circulation des abeilles,le bas -culement du plateau d'envol d'un seul centimètre ne leur oc -casionnant aucune gene. -No deviation from the circulation of bees, the tilting of the flight platform by only one centimeter does not cause them any discomfort.
-Attirée par la lumière extérieure, l'abeille ressortira par la porte aménagée à cet effet et ne sera p2S tente de repasser par la grille à pollen. - Attracted by the outside light, the bee will come out through the door fitted for this purpose and will not be trying to pass through the pollen grid.
kvantages propres è la qualité du produit:
-Bonne conservation du pollen dans le tiroir où il subit déjà un début de déshydratation par le fond,qui est ventile.specific advantages of product quality:
-Good conservation of pollen in the drawer where it already undergoes a beginning of dehydration by the bottom, which is ventilated.
-Le pollen est protégé de la pluie puisque placé sous le plateau de la ruche.De ce fait, il n'est soumis à aucun risaue de moisissure. -The pollen is protected from the rain since it is placed under the hive tray, therefore it is not subject to any risk of mold.
-Le pollen est protégé des déchets internes de la ruche par un couloir naturel dirigeant les déchets vers l'extêrieur.Ce couloir est aménagé avant le tiroir à pollen. -The pollen is protected from the internal waste of the hive by a natural corridor directing the waste towards the exterior. This corridor is arranged before the pollen drawer.
-Le pollen est protégé contre la Teigne et autres hoAtes indésirables:Deux ressorts collent le tiroir à la grille qui reçoit le pollen,ôtant ainsi toutes possibilités de passage. -The pollen is protected against Ringworm and other undesirable hoAtes: Two springs stick the drawer to the grid which receives the pollen, thus removing all possibilities of passage.
-Pas d'oxydation du pollen car aucune pièce métallique n'entre dans la fabrication du tiroir,celui-ci tant entière -ment en bois,son fond étant fait de grillage plastique. -No oxidation of pollen because no metal part is used in the manufacture of the drawer, it is entirely made of wood, its bottom being made of plastic mesh.
Avantages pour l'apiculteur:
-ia trappe se pose comme un plateau ordinaire,en place pour L'été comme pour l'hiver.Benefits for the beekeeper:
-the hatch is placed like an ordinary tray, in place for summer and winter.
-Tous les éLéments composant la trappe tiennent à celle-ci. -All the elements making up the hatch are attached to it.
(Pas de matériel à transporter ou à oublier).(No equipment to transport or forget).
-Ouverture et fermeture de la trappe à pollen: 3 secondes. -Open and close the pollen trap: 3 seconds.
-Aucune nécessita de protection,ni enfumage ni port de voile. - No need for protection, neither smoking nor wearing a veil.
-Discrétion du plateau:Celui-ci est indiscernable de l' extérieur et,de ce fait,ne tente pas les éventuels voleurs. -Discretion of the plateau: It is indistinguishable from the outside and, therefore, does not tempt possible thieves.
sortie des mâles sans retour possible. male exit without return possible.
-Aération du plateau non propolisable. -Aeration of the non-propolisable tray.
-Facilité de la récolte. -Ease of harvest.
Hygiène :
La trappe â pollen améliore l'hygiène et les conditions sani -taires.Hygiene:
The pollen trap improves hygiene and sanitary conditions.
-Eléments du plateau faciles à désinfecter:La trappe est démontable et peut donc être plongée,d'une seule pièce,dans un seau d'Eau de Javel. -Elements of the tray easy to disinfect: The hatch is removable and can therefore be immersed, in one piece, in a bucket of bleach.
-Une plaque en aluminium est stockée à c8té du tiroir à pollen.Son utilisation éventuelle est l'obstruction du passage des abeilles par le bas puisqu'elle épouse une grande partie de la surface du plateau et bouche ainsi son ouverture. - An aluminum plate is stored next to the pollen drawer. Its possible use is the obstruction of the passage of the bees from below since it marries a large part of the surface of the tray and thus closes its opening.
Cette manipulation de la plaque aluminium permet d'effectuer une fermeture totale pour le traitement de la ruche (Varo s et autres)et,jointe à l'inversion de la porte aménagée,la séques -tration complète des abeilles lorsque les cultures environnan- -tes sont traitées.This manipulation of the aluminum plate allows a complete closure for the treatment of the hive (Varo s and others) and, joined to the inversion of the fitted door, the seques -tration complete of the bees when the surrounding cultures - your are processed.
-Pas de passage de Teignes et autres nuisibles. -No passage of moths and other pests.
-Le dégagement des salissures se fait par la ventilation naturelle des abeilles:Les salissures tombent a l'extérieur par le couloir aménagé avant le tiroir 2. pollen. -The release of dirt is done by the natural ventilation of the bees: The dirt falls outside by the corridor fitted before the drawer 2. pollen.
I es schémas ne portent pas de dimension car le plateau -trappe à pollen s'adapte à tous corps de ruche disponible dans le commerce,quels que soient leurs dimensions. L'étude de ce pro -cédé,menée pendant deux ans avec satisfaction a été faite sur des corps de ruches DADAN,10 cadres. I es diagrams do not carry a dimension because the tray-trap with pollen adapts to all hive bodies commercially available, whatever their dimensions. The study of this process, carried out for two years with satisfaction, was done on DADAN hive bodies, 10 frames.
Figure 1: Représente le plateau-trappe à pollen fermé.Figure 1: Shows the closed pollen hatch tray.
(2) : Axe de pivot de la planche de vol. (2): Pivot axis of the flight board.
(3) : Les trous de passage des clavettes aui permettent
le maintien en position (ouvert vers le bas,fermé
vers le haut) de la planche de vol.(3): The passage holes of the aui keys allow
holding in position (open down, closed
up) of the flight board.
(4) : Passage des abeilles,trappe non utilisée. (4): Passage of bees, hatch not used.
N.B:La coupe A/A sera représentée en figure 3,trappe fer
-mée,et en figure 4,trappe ouverte.NB: Section A / A will be represented in figure 3, iron hatch
-mée, and in Figure 4, open hatch.
Figure 2: Représente le plateau-trappe à pollen, an utilisation.Figure 2: Shows the pollen hatch tray, in use.
(4) : : Passage des abeilles puis sortie dans le corps de ruche. (4):: Passage of the bees then exit in the hive body.
(5) : Porte spéciale aménagée posée à l'entrée.Celle-ci
comDorte deux petites lamelles de ressort aui facili
-tant la tenue en place de cette porte.La sortie des
abeilles est dirige par l'entrée de la lumière. (Les
deux lamelles de rhodoïd font ressorts et clapets de
sortie et interdisent la rentrée). Voir Figure 7.(5): Special fitted door at the entrance.
has two small spring blades that facilitate
-the holding in place of this door.
bees is directed by the entrance of light. (The
two rhodoid strips make springs and check valves
exit and prohibit re-entry). See Figure 7.
Fiue 3,Coupe A/A : Représente le plateau-trappe a pol'en fer
-mé,planche de vol relevée.Fig 3, Section A / A: Represents the iron pole hatch
-mé, flight board raised.
(1) : Passage des souillures de toutes sortes. (1): Passage of dirt of all kinds.
(6) : Deux ressorts posés sur deux des tasseaux du dessous
du plateau (un ressort de chaaue coté) positionnent le
tiroir à pollen
(7) :Ouverture dans le plateau par laauelle passent les
souillures.(6): Two springs placed on two of the cleats below
of the plate (a chaaue spring on the side) position the
pollen drawer
(7): Opening in the tray by laauelle pass the
defilements.
(8) : Emplacement de rangement de la porte aménagée auand
celle-ci ne sert pas.(8): Storage location of the door fitted when
it is not used.
Figure 4,Coupe A/A : Représente le plateau-trappe à pollen
ouvert,planche de vol abaissée.Figure 4, Section A / A: Represent the pollen trap plate
open, flight board lowered.
(1) : Passage des souillures de toutes sortes. (1): Passage of dirt of all kinds.
(9) : Ressorts de tiroir à pollen. (9): Pollen drawer springs.
(4) : Passage des abeilles par la grille à pollen,puis en
-trée dans le corps de ruche.(4): Passage of bees through the pollen grid, then
- entry into the hive body.
(5) : Sortie des abeilles par la porte aménagée lumineuse. (5): Exit of the bees by the bright fitted door.
(io) : Position des abeilles ventileuses. Lorsque la trappe
est en fonctionnement,on se rend compte immédiatement
du minimum de trajet effectué par les abeilles:
Ni déviation ni bousculade puisque sens unique de
circulation.Ces deux avantages favorisent la qualité
et 11 organisation de la récolte.(io): Position of the ventilating bees. When the hatch
is in operation, we realize immediately
the minimum journey by bees:
Neither deviation nor jostling since one-way sense of
these two advantages promote quality
and 11 harvest organization.
Figure 5 :Représente le tiroir à pollen (m) : Poignée. Figure 5: Represent the pollen drawer (m): Handle.
(12) : Montant du tiroir,toute la longueur du plateau de
la ruche.(12): Drawer upright, the entire length of the
the Beehive.
(13) : Fond du tiroir grillagé plastique,mailles carrées. (13): Bottom of the plastic mesh drawer, square mesh.
(14) : Montant du tiroir, toute la largeur du plateau de la
ruche.(14): Drawer upright, the entire width of the tray
hive.
(15) : Montant du tiroir,hauteur importante. (15): Drawer upright, significant height.
Tous ces éléments,qui glissent,favorisent la manipulation,celle- -ci se faisant an douceur.All these elements, which slide, favor the manipulation, this one being done smoothly.
(16) : Partie du tiroir recevant la plaaue aluminium pour
traitement quand celle-ci n'est pas utilisée.Voir
Figure 6.(16): Part of the drawer receiving the aluminum plate for
treatment when not in use.
Figure 6.
Figure 6 : Représente la plaque aluminium, à glisser sur le
plancher du plateau par l'ontrée,planche de vol re
-levée,pour la séquestration des abeilles en cas de
traitements environnants ou internes.Figure 6: Represent the aluminum plate, to slide on the
plateau floor by ontree, flight board re
- raised, for the sequestration of bees in case of
surrounding or internal treatments.
Figure 7 : Représente la porte aménagée.Figure 7: Shows the fitted door.
(21) : Eléments en bois. (21): Wooden elements.
(22) : Languettes en rhodoïd laissant passer la lumière
l'intérieur de la ruche et attirant les abeilles
vers la sortie.Les abeilles passent,les languettes
an rhodoïd se remettent en place,empêchant le retour.(22): Rhodoid tabs allowing light to pass through
inside the hive and attracting bees
towards the exit. The bees pass, the tongues
an rhodoïd are put back in place, preventing the return.
(23) : : Feuille mince an aluminium,ou autres matériaux,
fixée sur toute la longueur(dessus et dessous) main
-tenant l'ensemble.(23):: Thin sheet of aluminum, or other materials,
fixed over the entire length (top and bottom) hand
- now the whole.
(24) : Deux petits ressorts maintiennent en position ferme
la porte aménagée.(24): Two small springs keep in a firm position
the fitted door.
(25) : : Sens de direction des abeilles. (25):: Direction of bee direction.
Il suffit de retourner la porte en son logement pour empêcher la sortie des abeilles ce qui,joint â la pose de la plaque alu -minium. sur le plateau (Figure 5) permet la séquestration des abeilles et,partant,la possibilité de traiter. It suffices to return the door to its housing to prevent the exit of the bees which, joined to the installation of the aluminum -minium plate. on the plate (Figure 5) allows the sequestration of the bees and, therefore, the possibility of treating.
Figure 8: Représente les éléments démontables de la trappe à
pollen facilitant le nettoyage et la désinfection.Figure 8: Shows the removable elements of the hatch
pollen to facilitate cleaning and disinfection.
(31) : Grille à pollen interchangeable (Figure 9 et 10)
(32) : : Grille de retombée du pollen,maille carrée 3,5 mm
(4) : Sens de direction des abeilles.(31): Interchangeable pollen grid (Figure 9 and 10)
(32):: Pollen fallout grid, 3.5 mm square mesh
(4): Direction of bee direction.
Figure 9 : Représente la grille à pollen recommandée pour pollen
de colza et de pommiers.Figure 9: Shows the recommended pollen grid for pollen
rapeseed and apple trees.
(31) : Armature bois,sur trois côtés,épaisseur 5mm
(32) : : Grillage galvanisé et soudé de 5 mm de coté,fixé en
Quinconce de chaque coté sur (1).(31): Wood frame, on three sides, thickness 5mm
(32):: Galvanized and welded mesh, 5 mm side, fixed in
Quincunx on each side on (1).
Figure 10 : Représente la grille à pollen plastiaue recommandée
pour pollen de flenrs,bords des villes et forêts.Figure 10: Shows the recommended plastic pollen grid
for pollen of flenrs, edges of cities and forests.
Modèle du commerce. Trade model.
Le dispositif, selon l'inventeur, est particulièrement des -tiné à la récolte du pollen et rend de grands services tour les traitements divers ainsi que pour le maintien de l' ne de la ruche.Le principe à retenir ne comporte pas de dimensions précises puisqu'il s'adapte sur tous corps de ruche. L'inventeur se réserve le droit de construira ou de faire construire les plateaux-trappe à pollen aux dimensions adaptées pour recevoir toutes ruches du commerce et ruches personnalisées. The device, according to the inventor, is particularly intended for the harvesting of pollen and is of great service for various treatments as well as for the maintenance of the ne of the hive. The principle to be retained does not include precise dimensions since it adapts to all hive bodies. The inventor reserves the right to construct or have constructed the pollen trap trays with suitable dimensions to receive all commercial hives and personalized hives.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9013251A FR2668332B1 (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | A POLLEN HATCH TRAY WITH SANITARY DEVICE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9013251A FR2668332B1 (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | A POLLEN HATCH TRAY WITH SANITARY DEVICE. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2668332A1 true FR2668332A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
| FR2668332B1 FR2668332B1 (en) | 1993-03-26 |
Family
ID=9401567
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9013251A Expired - Fee Related FR2668332B1 (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | A POLLEN HATCH TRAY WITH SANITARY DEVICE. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2668332B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2911248A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-18 | Ballot Flurin Apiculteurs Soc | Pollen trap for harvesting e.g. pollen, in hive, has inlet and outlet openings arranged on respective sides of trap such that inlet opening is on front surface and outlet opening is on rear surface of hive, when trap is positioned on hive |
| GR1008873B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-10-14 | Αριστος Κωνσταντινου Γερογιαννης | External pollen trap |
| US10512251B2 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2019-12-24 | University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Methods and compositions for inducing hygienic behavior in honey bees |
| US11559045B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2023-01-24 | University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Synergistic mixture for inducing hygienic behavior in honey bees, and related compositions and methods |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1259411A (en) * | 1960-03-14 | 1961-04-28 | Pollen trap suitable for beekeeping | |
| FR2236414A1 (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1975-02-07 | West Ernest | |
| US4517694A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1985-05-21 | Hong Soon Y | Pollen gathering device |
-
1990
- 1990-10-25 FR FR9013251A patent/FR2668332B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1259411A (en) * | 1960-03-14 | 1961-04-28 | Pollen trap suitable for beekeeping | |
| FR2236414A1 (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1975-02-07 | West Ernest | |
| US4517694A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1985-05-21 | Hong Soon Y | Pollen gathering device |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2911248A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-18 | Ballot Flurin Apiculteurs Soc | Pollen trap for harvesting e.g. pollen, in hive, has inlet and outlet openings arranged on respective sides of trap such that inlet opening is on front surface and outlet opening is on rear surface of hive, when trap is positioned on hive |
| GR1008873B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-10-14 | Αριστος Κωνσταντινου Γερογιαννης | External pollen trap |
| US10512251B2 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2019-12-24 | University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Methods and compositions for inducing hygienic behavior in honey bees |
| US10524455B2 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2020-01-07 | University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Methods and compositions for inducing hygienic behavior in honey bees |
| US11559045B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2023-01-24 | University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Synergistic mixture for inducing hygienic behavior in honey bees, and related compositions and methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2668332B1 (en) | 1993-03-26 |
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