FR2551560A1

FR2551560A1 - Method and device for obtaining an image of a subject in a group of planes giving the impression that the subject is at a distance from these planes

Info

Publication number: FR2551560A1
Application number: FR8312571A
Authority: FR
Inventors: Alain Abdel-Kader
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1983-07-29
Filing date: 1983-07-29
Publication date: 1985-03-08
Also published as: FR2551560B1

Abstract

Information representative of the subject is included in a grid S. This information-carrying grid is superimposed on another grid M with a space between them. The two grids differ from each other by one being an enlargement or a reduction of the other. Application to the production of images showing special effects.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour obtenir une image (virtuelle ou réelle) représentant un sujet dans un ensemble de plans avec l'impression que le sujet est à distance de ces plans. The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining an image (virtual or real) representing a subject in a set of planes with the impression that the subject is at a distance from these planes.

On connaît diverses techniques utilisant des réseaux pour l'obtention d'images avec effet de relief, comme décrits par exemple dans les brevets français 371 487, 823 226, 1 179 431, dans le brevet allemand 755 039 et dans le brevet E.U.A. 2 012 995. Various techniques are known using networks for obtaining images with relief effect, as described for example in French patents 371,487, 823,226, 1,179,431, in German patent 755,039 and in the E.U.A. 2,012,995.

La présente invention fait également appel à des réseaux et de façon générale à n importe quel réseau. The present invention also makes use of networks and generally any network.

Par exemple, on utilise des réseaux à mailles (avec n'importe quelle forme de maille) ou des réseaux sans mailles.For example, one uses networks with meshes (with any form of mesh) or networks without meshes.

La présente invention concerne un procédé fondamentalement caractérisé en ce qu'il met en oeuvre deux réseaux dont l'un se différencie de l'autre par agrandissement ou par réduction, et en ce qu'on inclut une image du sujet dans l'un des réseaux. The present invention relates to a process basically characterized in that it implements two networks, one of which differs from the other by enlargement or reduction, and in that an image of the subject is included in one of the networks.

En d'autres termes, le procédé de l'invention comprend l'opération consistant à inclure dans un réseau une information représentative du sujet, et une opération consis-cant à superposer, avec un écart entre eux, le réseau porteur de l'information, et un autre réseau, l'un des réseaux constituant un agrandissement ou une réduction de l'autre réseau. In other words, the method of the invention comprises the operation consisting in including in a network information representative of the subject, and an operation consis-cant in superimposing, with a gap between them, the network carrying the information , and another network, one of the networks constituting an extension or reduction of the other network.

On décrira ci-après différentes réalisations de ce procédé, en référence aux Figures du dessin joint sur lequel
La Figure 1 est un schéma de principe illustrant la relation entre les deux réseaux
La Figure 2 est un schéma de principe illustrant un procédé pour inclure le sujet dans l'un des réseaux
La Figure 3 est un schéma de principe illustrant un procédé pour inclure le sujet dans l'autre réseau
La Figure 4 est une variante du procédé de la
Figure 3 ; et
La Figure 5 est un schéma de principe du procédé d'observation.Various embodiments of this process will be described below, with reference to the figures of the attached drawing in which
Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating the relationship between the two networks
Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a method for including the subject in one of the networks
Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a method for including the subject in the other network
Figure 4 is a variant of the method of
Figure 3; and
Figure 5 is a block diagram of the observation process.

Sur la Figure 1, R représente une diapositive sur laquelle on a enregistré l'image d'un réseau dit réseau de référence, cette diapositive constituant un réseau-objet. Si on projette cette diapositive à travers un objectif O, on obtient dans un certain plan P un réseau-image identique au réseau de référence, l'objectif et la position du plan étant choisis à cet effet. Si on déplace le plan de projection soit en le rapprochant de l'objectif (plan P ), soit en l'éloignant de l'objectif (plan P+}, on obtient un réseau-image qui constitue une réduction ou un agrandissement du réseau de référence. In Figure 1, R represents a slide on which the image of a so-called reference network has been recorded, this slide constituting an object network. If we project this slide through an objective O, we obtain in a certain plane P an image network identical to the reference network, the objective and the position of the plane being chosen for this purpose. If we move the projection plane either by bringing it closer to the objective (plane P), or by moving it away from the objective (plane P +}, we obtain an image network which constitutes a reduction or an enlargement of the network of reference.

La Flgure 1 permet donc de comprendre la relation qui existe entre l'un des réseaux ou "réseau de référence" et l'autre réseau ou "réseau-image". Flgure 1 therefore makes it possible to understand the relationship which exists between one of the networks or "reference network" and the other network or "image network".

Pour inclure un sujet dans l'un des réseaux, on peut, par une opération dite de détourage, inclure une image en deux dimensions du sujet dans le réseau en remplacement d'une partie correspondante du réseau. To include a subject in one of the networks, it is possible, by a so-called trimming operation, to include a two-dimensional image of the subject in the network to replace a corresponding part of the network.

Un autre procédé pour inclure le sujet dans le réseau-image consiste à placer une surface sensible S en
P, à déplacer la diapositive en sorte que le plan P se trouve être pour la nouveile position de la diapositive comme P ou P et à placer devant la surface sensible, en amont de cette surface, un objet tridimensionnel transparent E qui constitue le sujet. Selon que le plan est un plan P+ ou P , on obtient ainsi sur la surface sensible l'image du contour intérieur ou extérieur de l'objet dans un réseau-image qui est une image agrandie ou réduite du réseau de référence. Another method for including the subject in the image network consists in placing a sensitive surface S in
P, to move the slide so that the plane P happens to be for the new position of the slide like P or P and to place in front of the sensitive surface, upstream of this surface, a transparent three-dimensional object E which constitutes the subject. Depending on whether the plane is a P + or P plane, the image of the interior or exterior contour of the object in an image network which is an enlarged or reduced image of the reference network is thus obtained on the sensitive surface.

Dans une variante de réalisation (Figure 2), pour avoir d la fois sur la surface sensible l'image du contour intérieur et l'image du contour extérieur de l'objet, on enregistre successivement, sur la même surface, une image correspondant à une position P+ et une image correspondant à une position P , en déplaçant la diapositive de façon appropriée et en conservant en place l'objet et la surface sensible. In an alternative embodiment (Figure 2), to have both the image of the interior contour and the image of the exterior contour of the object on the sensitive surface, an image corresponding to a P + position and an image corresponding to a P position, by moving the slide appropriately and keeping the object and the sensitive surface in place.

Dans une variante de réalisation (Figure 3), on dirige vers une surface sensible S un faisceau lumineux provenant d'une source ponctuelle A et on interpose sur le trajet du faisceau un objet transparent bi ou tridimensionnel E représentant le sujet et le réseau de référence M, ce réseau étant proche mais espacé de la surface sensible, pour obtenir sur la surface sensible un réseau image comportant l'information du sujet. In an alternative embodiment (Figure 3), a light beam from a point source A is directed towards a sensitive surface S and there is interposed on the path of the beam a two or three-dimensional transparent object E representing the subject and the reference network M, this network being close to but spaced from the sensitive surface, in order to obtain on the sensitive surface an image network comprising the information of the subject.

Pour obtenir des effets spéciaux (Figure 4), on interpose, en amont de l'objet E sur le trajet du faisceau, un système optique divergent V pour créer autour de l'image de l'objet une variante de fond espacée de l'objet. To obtain special effects (Figure 4), we interpose, upstream of the object E on the beam path, a divergent optical system V to create around the image of the object a background variant spaced from the object.

Pour observer l'image, on superpose le réseau contenant l'information d'objet (par exemple la surface sensible S de la Figure 2, 3 ou 4) et l'autre réseau avec un espace transparent entre eux et on observe par transparence, en lumière diffuse, les réseaux ainsi superposés. L'intercalaire est par exemple une plaque transparente Z (Figure 5). To observe the image, we superimpose the network containing the object information (for example the sensitive surface S of Figure 2, 3 or 4) and the other network with a transparent space between them and we observe by transparency, in diffuse light, the networks thus superimposed. The interlayer is for example a transparent plate Z (Figure 5).

Claims

1.- Method for obtaining an image representing a subject in a set of planes with the impression that the subject is at a distance from these planes, characterized in that information representative of the subject is included in a network and in that the information-carrying network and another network are superimposed with a space between them, one of the networks constituting a variant of the other network by enlargement or reduction.

2.- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, to obtain one of the networks from the other network, an image of a reference network is formed on a slide (R) and this slide is projected through an objective (O) on a sensitive surface (S) to obtain the other network, the sensitive surface being located in a position such that the image formed on the surface is a reduction or an enlargement of the reference network.

3.- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the subject is included in one of the networks by clipping.

4.- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that an image of a reference network is formed on a slide (R) to obtain an object network and in that said object network is projected through a objective (0) on a sensitive surface (S) so as to obtain an image network which is a reduction or an enlargement of the reference network, by interposing on the path of the projection beam a two or three-dimensional object (E) transparent, to include subject information in the image network.

5.- Method according to claim 4, characterized in that said projection is carried out once with a position corresponding to an enlargement and another time with a position corresponding to a reduction, with the same object (E) and on the same sensitive surface (S).

6.- Method according to claim 1, caractdrish in that directs a light beam towards a sensitive surface, by interposing on the path of the beam a transparent two or three-dimensional object (E) and a reference network (M), network being close to the sensitive surface but at a distance from this surface, in order to obtain a network image comprising subject information.

7.- Method according to claim 6, characterized in that one interposes upstream of the object (Ej on the beam path a divergent optical system (V) to shout around the image of the object a variant of background spaced from the object.

8.- Method according to one of claims-1 to 7, characterized in that the image network (S) and a reference network () are superimposed with a spacing between them and which are observed by transparency and in light diffuses the networks thus superimposed.

9. Device for implementing a method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two networks (S, M), one of the networks constituting a variant of the other network by enlargement or reduction, and in that it comprises means for including in one of the networks information representative of the subject.

10.- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the subject is a transparent two or three-dimensional object (E).

11.- Product obtained by a process according to one of claims 1 to 8 or a device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises, in superposition, a network (S) containing subject information, a transparent interlayer (Z) and the other network (M), one of the networks constituting a variant of the other network by enlargement or reduction.