FR2507909A1 - Plasma sampling device partic. for artificial kidney patient - has semipermeable membrane to arrest blood cells while passing plasma - Google Patents

Plasma sampling device partic. for artificial kidney patient - has semipermeable membrane to arrest blood cells while passing plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2507909A1
FR2507909A1 FR8112129A FR8112129A FR2507909A1 FR 2507909 A1 FR2507909 A1 FR 2507909A1 FR 8112129 A FR8112129 A FR 8112129A FR 8112129 A FR8112129 A FR 8112129A FR 2507909 A1 FR2507909 A1 FR 2507909A1
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plasma
blood
blood cells
chamber
patient
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FR8112129A
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French (fr)
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Denis Messier
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LAYME INVESTMENT BV
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LAYME INVESTMENT BV
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Priority to FR8112129A priority Critical patent/FR2507909A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/49Blood
    • G01N33/491Blood by separating the blood components
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/367Circuit parts not covered by the preceding subgroups of group A61M1/3621

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Hematology (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

Blood sampling device in which plasma is sepd. from blood cells. This is highly advantageous when an artificial kidney patient requires repeated tests or the plasma, which can now be carried out without removing any blood cells. The separator comprises a plasma reception chamber divided from a flow passage for the patient's blood by a semi-permeable membrane which will pass plasma but arrest blood cells. Pref. the plasma reception chamber has at least one wall of elastomeric material thick enough to be self-sealing when a syringe needle is withdrawn after extracting a sample of plasma from the chamber.

Description

La présente invention est relative, à un dispositif pour séparer le plasma des globules du sang. The present invention relates to a device for separating plasma from blood cells.

Les malades qui subissent un traitement tel qu un traitement impliquant l'utilisation d'un rein ar tificiel, doivent faire examiner leur sang régulièrement pour déterminer le progrès du traitement ainsi que dans d'autres buts. Dans un processus caractéristique de traitement du sang du patient est extrait de son corps, on le fait passer a travers un rein artificiel pour le purifier, et on le renvoie dans le courant sanguin du malade. Ce traitement peut durer de cinq a sept heures et doit être effectué trois fois par semaine ; pendant ce traitement, des échantillons du sang du malade doivent être prélevés et examinés. Patients who are undergoing treatment, such as treatment involving the use of an artificial kidney, should have their blood tested regularly to determine the progress of treatment and for other purposes. In a characteristic process of processing the patient's blood is extracted from his body, it is passed through an artificial kidney to purify it, and it is returned to the patient's blood stream. This treatment can last from five to seven hours and must be carried out three times a week; during this treatment, samples of the patient's blood should be taken and examined.

Les échantillons du sang du malade contiennent des globules ainsi que du plasma, bien que seul ce dernier présente un intérêt pour le médecin. En raison de l'examen périodique, le malade perd progressivement des globules, bien que ces globules euxmemes ne présentent aucun intérêt pour le médecin. Du fait que d'une façon caractéristique les malades subissant un tel traitement n'ont pas une capacité normale de production de globules du sang, la perte progressive des globules sains constitue un problème important. The patient's blood samples contain blood cells as well as plasma, although only the latter is of interest to the doctor. Due to the periodic examination, the patient gradually loses blood cells, although these blood cells themselves are of no interest to the doctor. Because typically patients undergoing such treatment do not have a normal capacity for producing blood cells, the gradual loss of healthy cells is an important problem.

L'invention a en conséquence pour but de fournir un dispositif pour séparer le plasma des globules du sang du malade de façon que seul le plasma soit extrait aux fins d'examen, laissant les globules normaux sains dans le système circulato re du malade. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for separating the plasma from the blood cells of the patient so that only the plasma is extracted for examination, leaving normal healthy cells in the patient's circulatory system.

L'invention est utilisée dans le contexte d'un processus de traitement par rein artificiel, avec un tube pour amener le sang du malade au rein artificiel et ramener le sang du malade au rein artificiel au malade. D'une façon typique, on utilise dans un tel circuit une pompe å sang. Le dispositif de séparation du plasma est de préférence disposé entre la pompe et un organe de serrage de manière qu'une pression de sang puisse se développer dans le dispositif séparateur de plasma. Une dépression peut également être appliquée dans la chambre du dispos i- tif indiquée ci-dessous, ce qui améliore encore l'effet de séparation du plasma du sang. The invention is used in the context of an artificial kidney treatment process, with a tube for bringing the patient's blood to the artificial kidney and bringing the patient's blood back to the artificial kidney. Typically, a blood pump is used in such a circuit. The plasma separation device is preferably arranged between the pump and a clamp so that blood pressure can develop in the plasma separation device. A vacuum can also be applied in the device chamber indicated below, which further improves the separation effect of plasma from blood.

Le dispositif de séparation du plasma lui-même consiste en un organe élastique qui délimite une chambre. La chambre est séparée du flux sanguin passant dans le circuit par un élément semi-perméable qui permet le passage du plasma mas qui bloque celui des globules du sang. Une aiguille de prélèvement peut alors être enfoncée a travers l'organe élastique dans la chambre, et le plasma peut en être extrait sans extraction de globules. The plasma separation device itself consists of an elastic member which delimits a chamber. The chamber is separated from the blood flow passing through the circuit by a semi-permeable element which allows the passage of mas plasma which blocks that of the blood cells. A sampling needle can then be inserted through the elastic member into the chamber, and the plasma can be extracted therefrom without extraction of globules.

Une grille protectrice est prévue pour protéger la membrane des déteriorations par l'aiguille de prélèvement.A protective grid is provided to protect the membrane from deterioration by the sampling needle.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels
- la Fig. 1 montre schématiquement le circuit du sang avec le dispositif suivant l'invention de séparation du plasma
la Fig. 2 est une vue du dispositif suivant l'invention pour la séparation du plasma,
En se référant aux dessins , la Fig. 1 montre schématiquement le circuit du sang comportant un dispositif suivant l'invention de séparation du plasma. Le sang est prélevé sur le malade et parvient a la pompe à sang 2 par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit 1.Le sang traverse le dispositif 3 de séparation du plasma, franchit un organe de serrage 4 et est traité dans un appareil 6 qui est de façon typique un rein artificiel, avant d'être renvoyé dans le corps du malade par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit 5.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge during the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings, given solely by way of example and in which
- Fig. 1 schematically shows the blood circuit with the device according to the invention for plasma separation
Fig. 2 is a view of the device according to the invention for the separation of the plasma,
Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 schematically shows the blood circuit comprising a device according to the invention for plasma separation. The blood is taken from the patient and reaches the blood pump 2 via a conduit 1. The blood passes through the device 3 for separating the plasma, passes through a clamping member 4 and is treated in an apparatus 6 which is typically an artificial kidney, before being returned to the patient's body via a conduit 5.

La fonction de l'organe de serrage 4 consis- te à engendrer une contre-pression dans le tube conduisant le sang de façon à forcer le sang dans le dispositif 3 de séparation du plasma. L'action de la pompe 2 située avant le dispositif de séparation 3, assure avec l'organe de serrage 4 l'établissement de cette contre-pression dans le dispositif 3 de séparation du plasma. The function of the clamping member 4 is to generate a back pressure in the blood-carrying tube so as to force the blood into the plasma separation device 3. The action of the pump 2 located before the separation device 3, ensures with the clamping member 4 the establishment of this back pressure in the device 3 for plasma separation.

La Fig.2 montre le dispositif 3 de séparation du plasma d'une façon détaillée. Le sang s'écoule à travers un tube 7 vers le dispositif 6 de traitement comme indiqué plus haut. Un organe élastique 8, qui peut être en latex, est disposé dans le tube 7 de façon à former une chambre 9. L'organe élastique 8 peut être fixé sur le tube 7 par un moyen quelconque approprié, par exemple au moyen d'un connecteur 10 en matière plastique et d'un adhésif approprie. Fig.2 shows the plasma separation device 3 in detail. The blood flows through a tube 7 to the treatment device 6 as indicated above. An elastic member 8, which may be made of latex, is placed in the tube 7 so as to form a chamber 9. The elastic member 8 can be fixed on the tube 7 by any suitable means, for example by means of a connector 10 made of plastic and a suitable adhesive.

A A l'interface entre le sang se trouvant dans le tube 7 et la chambre 9 est disposée une membrane ll semiperméable qui peut être realdsee en l'un quelconque des matériaux bien connus qui filtrent efficacement toutes les molécules ayant une dimension inférieure à 50,000 Dalton. At the interface between the blood in the tube 7 and the chamber 9 is disposed a semipermeable membrane ll which can be made of any of the well known materials which effectively filter all molecules having a dimension of less than 50,000 Dalton.

La membrane peut être serrée entre l'organe en latex et la paroi du tube comme représenté en 13.The membrane can be clamped between the latex member and the wall of the tube as shown in 13.

Du fait de l'action combinée de la pompe 2 et de l'organe de serrage 4 indiquée en référence à la Fig.l, le plasma est forcé sous pression de passer dans la chambre 9 tandis que la membrane semi#perméable ll retient les globules du sang. Due to the combined action of the pump 2 and the clamping member 4 indicated with reference to Fig.l, the plasma is forced under pressure to pass into the chamber 9 while the semi # permeable membrane ll retains the blood cells.

Il est également prévu une grille protectrice 12 en matière plastique qui protège la membrane Il et 1'em- pêche d'être perforée par l'aiguille de prélèvement. A protective grid 12 of plastic material is also provided which protects the membrane II and prevents it from being punctured by the sampling needle.

En service, après avoir fixé l'organe 4 de serrage de la Fig. 1, le praticien introduit l'aiguille de prélèvement dans la chambre 9 a travers l'élément 8 en latex. Il n'y a pas de risque de déterioration de la membrane ll du fait que la grille protectrice 12 empêche l'aiguille de s'enfoncer trop profondément. La chambre 9 contient seulement du plasma, qui est alors extrait au moyen de l'aiguille de prélèvement, l'aiguille est retirée et l'élément 8 en matière élastique assure de lui-même l'étanchéité. In service, after having fixed the clamping member 4 of FIG. 1, the practitioner introduces the sampling needle into the chamber 9 through the latex element 8. There is no risk of deterioration of the membrane 11 because the protective grid 12 prevents the needle from sinking too deeply. The chamber 9 contains only plasma, which is then extracted by means of the sampling needle, the needle is withdrawn and the element 8 made of elastic material ensures sealing itself.

Le sang du malade peut ainsi être examiné souvent en prélevant seulement le plasma, qui est la seule substance présentant un intérêt aux fins d'examens. Ainsi, les précieux globules du sang, que de façon caractéristique le malade ne peut reproduire, ne sont pas diminués.  The patient's blood can therefore often be examined by taking only the plasma, which is the only substance of interest for examination. Thus, the precious blood cells, which characteristically the patient cannot reproduce, are not diminished.

Claims (4)

REVENDICXTIONS 1 - Dispositif pour séparer le plasma du sang, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une chambre (9) isolée du sang du malade au moyen d'une membrane semi-perméable (11) laissant pénétrer le plasma dans ladite chambre (9) mais arretant les globules du sang. 1 - Device for separating the plasma from the blood, characterized in that it comprises a chamber (9) isolated from the patient's blood by means of a semi-permeable membrane (11) allowing the plasma to penetrate into said chamber (9) but stopping the blood cells. 2 - Dispositif suivant la revendication l, carac térise en ce que ladite chambre (q) comporte un organe (8) en un matériau du type élastique assurant de lui-même l'étanchéité lorsqu'il est perforé, et qui est adjacent à ladite chambre te).  2 - Device according to claim l, charac terized in that said chamber (q) comprises a member (8) of a material of the elastic type ensuring itself the seal when it is perforated, and which is adjacent to said room te). 3 - Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, carac térisé en ce qu'un organe protecteur (12) est disposé entre la chambre (9.) et la membrane (11).  3 - Device according to claim 2, charac terized in that a protective member (12) is disposed between the chamber (9.) and the membrane (11). 4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un organe disposé en aval adapté pour augmenter la pression sanguine dans le dispositif de séparation.  4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a member arranged downstream adapted to increase the blood pressure in the separation device.
FR8112129A 1981-06-19 1981-06-19 Plasma sampling device partic. for artificial kidney patient - has semipermeable membrane to arrest blood cells while passing plasma Withdrawn FR2507909A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3405706A1 (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-11-08 Gelman Sciences, Inc., Ann Arbor, Mich. METHOD FOR OBTAINING BLOOD PLASMA AND FILTER DEVICE FOR EXERCISING THIS METHOD

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1528430A (en) * 1966-06-24 1968-06-07 Beckman Instruments Inc Device and method for sampling a dialyzable component of a fluid
US3459176A (en) * 1966-06-24 1969-08-05 Beckman Instruments Inc Apparatus and method of sampling a dialyzable component of blood
FR2049513A5 (en) * 1969-06-12 1971-03-26 Monsallier Julien Blood sampler for external circulations
FR2117471A5 (en) * 1970-12-11 1972-07-21 Hyden Viktor
FR2325390A1 (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-04-22 Asahi Chemical Ind BLOOD PROCESSING SYSTEM
FR2398485A1 (en) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-23 Fresenius Chem Pharm Ind DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY PERFORMING CHEMICAL ANALYZES IN THE LIVING HUMAN BODY

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1528430A (en) * 1966-06-24 1968-06-07 Beckman Instruments Inc Device and method for sampling a dialyzable component of a fluid
US3459176A (en) * 1966-06-24 1969-08-05 Beckman Instruments Inc Apparatus and method of sampling a dialyzable component of blood
FR2049513A5 (en) * 1969-06-12 1971-03-26 Monsallier Julien Blood sampler for external circulations
FR2117471A5 (en) * 1970-12-11 1972-07-21 Hyden Viktor
US3848580A (en) * 1970-12-11 1974-11-19 Hasselblad Apparatus for controlled selective separation of undesirable constituents from blood to achieve a therapeutic effect
FR2325390A1 (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-04-22 Asahi Chemical Ind BLOOD PROCESSING SYSTEM
FR2398485A1 (en) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-23 Fresenius Chem Pharm Ind DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY PERFORMING CHEMICAL ANALYZES IN THE LIVING HUMAN BODY

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3405706A1 (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-11-08 Gelman Sciences, Inc., Ann Arbor, Mich. METHOD FOR OBTAINING BLOOD PLASMA AND FILTER DEVICE FOR EXERCISING THIS METHOD

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