FI119020B - Elevator and method which prevents uncontrolled slack in the carrier line set and / or uncontrolled movement of the equalizer in an elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

An elevator, which preferably is an elevator without counterweight and in which an elevator car is suspended by means of a set of hoisting ropes comprising one rope or a number of parallel ropes. The elevator has a traction sheave that moves the elevator car by means of the hoisting ropes. The elevator comprises rope portions of hoisting ropes going upwards and downwards from the elevator car, and the elevator has a compensating device acting on the hoisting ropes to equalize and/or compensate rope tension and/or rope elongation. The compensating device acting on the hoisting ropes of the elevator comprises at least one slack rope prevention means for preventing uncontrolled slackening of the hoisting ropes and/or uncontrolled motion of the compensating device.

Description

119020

LIFT AND METHOD TO PREVENT UNCONTROLLED LOADING AND / OR UNCONTROLLED MOVEMENT OF THE LIFTING GEAR

The invention relates to an elevator as defined in the preamble of claim 1 and to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 8 for preventing uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting rope and / or uncontrolled movement of the balancer in the elevator.

One of the goals in the development of elevators has been the economy and efficiency of the use of the building 10 space. In recent years, such development work has produced various room-free elevator solutions. Good examples of machine room-free elevators are disclosed in EP 0 631 967 (Ai) and EP 0 631 968. Elevators according to these publications are quite efficient in space utilization since they can eliminate the space required by the elevator engine room without the need for an elevator shaft. enlarge. For elevators according to these publications, the machine is compact in at least one of the 20 directions, but may be much wider than a conventional elevator machine in other directions.

The space and location required by the lifting machinery in these good elevator solutions itself limit the choice of * * elevator lay-out solutions. Arranging the lifting rope • • · • V 25 takes up space. The space required by the elevator car's track itself, as well as the space required by the counterweight, is difficult to reduce, at least at a reasonable cost and without sacrificing elevator performance and loading capacity. fiber. In the non-machine driven traction sheave lift • * *, *. Installing 30 machines in the elevator shaft, especially in the upper • · · ** · · engine solution, is often difficult because the lifting • M '• · * ·; · * is a rather heavy and bulky piece.

Particularly at higher loads, speeds and / or lifting heights, machine size and weight are a problem • «2 119020 for installation, even to the extent that the required machine size and weight has practically limited the scope of the machine-free elevator concept, or at least slowed down introduction of elevator concept 5 in larger elevators. The space used in the modernization of lifts in the elevator shaft has often limited the scope of the machine-less elevator concept. Often, especially when retrofitting or replacing hydraulic elevators, it has not been practical to charge a machine-free rope elevator solution due to lack of space in the shaft, especially when the hydraulic elevator solution to be modernized / replaced has not used counterweight. The disadvantages of counterweight lifts are the cost of counterweight and the space requirement of counter-15 weights in the elevator shaft. The disadvantages of roller lifts, which are rarely used today, are the heavy and complex lifting machinery and their high power and / or torque requirements. Prior art weightless elevator solutions have been exotic and no proper solutions are known. In the past, it has not been technically or economically meaningful to make counterweight lifts. One such solution is disclosed in WO9806655. One fresh counter- ***; weightless lift solution presents a viable ···: *.> 4 25 solution. In known known weightless elevator solutions, the tensioning of the lifting rope is accomplished by means of a pound or • spring and is not an attractive solution for the implementation of tensioning the lifting rope. 30 · long ropes, due, for example, to high lifting heights or high rope lengths, rope length compensation, - • J · rack due to rope elongation The friction between the traction sheave and the lifting rope is insufficient for the elevator operation. · ···, etc. 35 There is also the problem of ensuring that the rope elongations of the elevator • · ♦ are compensated and a · * · ·· »3 119020 Ensuring safety in the shaft is problematic with unweighted his-slip solutions Unbalanced lifts also have uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting rope and the risk of entanglement of the ropes, especially when driving the elevator car to the bumper.

GB 1442584 C discloses an unweighted elevator having a guided, spring-loaded cable connected to an elevator car. The hoisting rope is arranged in a loop so that the end of the hoisting rope from the top of the shaft supports the rope pulley over which the hoisting rope from the lower part of the shaft is led to support the elevator car. In a bumper driving situation, the spring, as it moves away from the elevator car and rope pulley, maintains tension in the hoisting rope.

It is an object of the invention to achieve at least one of the following objects. It is an object of the invention, on the one hand, to develop a machine room-free elevator so that space utilization in the building and elevator shaft is further enhanced. This means that the lift must, if necessary, be installed in a fairly narrow shaft.

On the other hand, the object of the invention is the elimination of the dangerously large rope elongation of the hoisting rope. One goal is •.; ·· *. 25 prevents uncontrolled loosening of the elevator hoisting rope, especially when running * ·] ···. lift basket for bumper. In addition, the aim is also to prevent uncontrolled movement of the • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

The elevator and safety device of the invention according to the invention are characterized in what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1 "**. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by: The inventive embodiments ***: 35 are also disclosed in the specification of this application. ··· 4 119020. The inventive content of the application may also be defined otherwise than as set forth in the claims below. may also be constituted by a plurality of discrete inventions, particularly if the invention is considered in the light of expressions or implicit subtasks, or in terms of the benefits or classes of benefits achieved. Some definitions contained in the claims below may be redundant to the inventive ideas.

The invention can achieve one or more mm. of the following advantages: - The movement control of the balancer is easily and reliably implemented by the invention 15 - The apparatus according to the invention reduces the risk of entanglement of the hoisting rope to other shaft devices in situations where there is uncontrolled rope loosening, such as movement is controllable and prevented in the above ·· «V * situations where there is uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting rope · ** .. 25 - the lifetime of the hoist rope increases and the risk of failure • .. ··· decreases as the movement of the hoisting rope is better controlled by the anti-slip device according to the invention. . 30 better and the invention makes it easy to · · · operate the balancer at the desired level ··· - maintain the necessary tension in the lifting rope · **. work also in situations where there is a slack in the · · · · · · 35 lifting rope, especially in the rope section above the lifting rack • · · * · * '.

··· • * • · · φ · 5 119020

The primary field of application of the invention is elevators for the transport of persons and / or goods. A common field of application of the invention is in elevators having a speed range of about 1.0 m / s or less in elevators, but may also be higher. For example, according to the invention, an elevator with a speed of 0.6 m / s is easy to implement.

The elevator according to the invention is suitable for use with 10 standard elevator ropes, such as commonly used steel ropes. The elevator may use artificial ropes and rope structures in which the load-bearing part is made of artificial fibers, such as the so-called "ropes" recently proposed for elevators. "Aramid ropes". Te-15 hash-reinforced flat belts are also suitable solutions, especially due to the small bending radius they allow. Particularly advantageously suitable for use in the elevator according to the invention are elevator lift ropes braided by round and strong yarns. With round yarns 20, the rope can be woven in many ways using yarns of different or the same thickness. In ropes well suited to the invention, the yarn thickness is less than 0.4 mm on average. Hy- m. * ··. suitable ropes made of strong yarn are * mmm ··. those with an average yarn thickness of less than 0.3 • · *. 25 mm or even less than 0.2 mm. For example, thin-wire and „. strong 4 mm ropes can be braided relatively inexpensively from yarns such that in finished ropes * ··· * the average thickness of the yarns is between 0.15 ... 0.25 mm, whereby the thinnest yarns can be up to • · 30 only about 0.1 mm. Thin rope yarns can be made very strong by e-mail. For example, rope yarns of a strength of about 2000 N / mm2 may be used in the invention. Suitable rope strengths are 2300- • * '* · * 2700 N / mm2. In principle, ropes of up to about 3000 N / mm2 or even higher can be used with strengths of up to about 3000 N / mm2 or higher.

The elevator according to the invention, which is preferably a weightless elevator, wherein the elevator car is supported by a hoisting rope comprising one rope or several parallel ropes, and wherein the elevator has a traction sheave which moves the elevator car via a hoisting rope. The elevator has rope sections from the elevator car up and down the elevator car. In addition, the elevator-10 has a balancing device acting on the hoisting rope for equalizing and / or compensating for rope tension and / or rope elongation. The elevator according to the invention has at least one anti-slip device acting on the lifting rope hoist to prevent uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting rope and / or uncontrolled movement of the hoisting rope.

The method of the invention is to prevent uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting ropes and / or uncontrolled movement of the balancer in the elevator. In the elevator, his-20 chute is at least partially supported by a hoisting rope which comprises one or more parallel ropes. There is a traction sheave • • · t ·. ·. hoists the elevator car through the hoisting rope, • · .Γ * and which elevator is up and down from the elevator car

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•. 25 outgoing hoisting rope sections. The elevator has a leveling device acting on the t \ f hoisting rope to equalize and / or compensate the rope tension and / or rope elongation for age. In the method according to the invention, the arrangement loosened with the equalizer • · V, * 30 begins to loosen the rope and prevents the equalizer from feeding the rope from the equalizer under the elevator car * ·. in the direction of the existing rope sections.

* ··· *** · * ... * By increasing the grip angle, a rope pulley, which acts as a • -. * · * · Diverting pulley, provides increased traction, ** ·. 35 between the wheel and the hoisting rope. In this way, the basket 7119020 can be lightened and also reduced in size, thereby increasing the space saving potential of the elevator. An angle of over 180 ° between the traction sheave and the hoisting rope is achieved by using a diverting pulley or pulleys. The need for rope-5 elongation compensation follows frictional requirements to ensure adequate grip between elevator rope and drive wheel for lift operation and safety. On the other hand, it is essential for the operation and safety of the elevator that the lower rope 10 of the elevator car in the unweighted elevator solution is kept sufficiently tight. A spring or a simple lever may not work.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to some embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 schematically shows an unweighted traction sheave according to the invention in general, Figure 2 schematically shows another unbalanced traction sheave according to the Fig. 3 schematically shows a third unbalanced drive wheel according to the invention and an equalizer according to the invention, and * ** ': Fig. 4 illustrates the invention shown in Fig. 3. • ·. *** · closer to the elevator compensator.

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β · β ·. Fig. 1 shows a general description of a counterweight of a non-weighted traction sheave according to the invention without an anti-slip device fitted to the balancer according to the invention. Preferably, the elevator is machine-roomless; elevator with drive unit 4 located on the elevator beam * ·· t * .. t The elevator shown in the figure is of the second type and is a • • * 35 second and counterweight traction sheave elevator with elevator platform * · s · 8 119020 1 moves along the rails 2. In lifting elevators, the elongation of the lifting rope causes the need for compensating the rope elongation, which has to be reliably met within certain permissible limits. long movement for the rope stretch compen-10 This allows even large stretches to be compensated, which is often not possible with simple lever solutions or spring solutions. The differential wheel arrangement according to the invention shown in Figure 1 stabilizes the ratio T 1 / T 2 between the rope forces T 2 and T 2 acting over the traction sheave. In the case shown in Figure 1, the ratio τ2 / τ2 is 2/1. With even suspension ratios above and below the elevator car, the balancer 24 is disposed in a shaft or other suitable location which is not connected to the elevator car, and with odd 20 suspension ratios above and below the elevator car 1 is fitted.

IM t · · V * In Fig. 1 the passage of the hoisting rope is as follows: At one end, the hoisting rope 3 is secured to the diverting pulley 25, j * \. 25 each impeller is adapted to hang on a rope portion ····· 14 downward from the impeller. Folding wheels 14 and 25. together form the fastening rope at the other end • ·, · * ·. 26, which, in the case of Fig. 1, is a differential gear. This equalizer,. 30 te 24 is fitted into the elevator shaft. The lifting rope 3 of the diverting wheel 25 exits upwards facing the elevator shaft, preferably the top of the elevator shaft, a diverting wheel 14 having a rope positioned above the elevator car ·;

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. ***: Rotates along rope grooves in impeller 14. KY-

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35 rope grooves may be coated or uncoated, such as frictional materials such as polyurethane or other suitable material. From the pulley 14, the ropeway extends downward to the pulley 13 disposed in its place in the elevator car. After rotation, the rope 5 continues upwards onto the pulley 12 which is disposed at the top of the elevator shaft. After rotating the pulley 12, the rope returns downwardly to the elevator pulley 11, after which the hoisting rope extends upwardly to the top 10 of the elevator shaft, and after the rotation of the hoisting rope 3 continues to lower the elevator pulley 9, tapping on the traction sheave 5. The diverting pulley 7 is preferably arranged in the vicinity of and / or in connection with the hoisting machine 4. Between the diverting wheel 7 and the traction sheave 5 of the hoisting machine 4 there is shown in the figure a DW (Douple wrap) rope in which the rope 3 travels the diverting wheel 7, tapping up on the traction sheave 5 In the rope, the diverting wheel 7 being ... substantially equal to the traction sheave 5 may also act as a damping wheel. In this case, the ropes from * 25 to 25 of the top wheels 5 to the elevator car 1 pass: *** through the rope grooves of the pulley 7 and the deflection caused by the pulley **** to the ropes is very slight. Could: say that the ropes going from the traction sheave to the elevator car 5 and coming to the ** 'only "tangle" the diverting wheel ··· 30 7. This kind of "tangling" acts as a damping solution for outbound ropes and is also applicable. # available in other rope solutions. An example of other • ♦ * 1 'rope solutions is the Single Wrap (SW) - ..ΙΓ rope, in which the flywheel is substantially the same as · · · · 35 the drive wheel of the machine, and where ··· applies the use of the flywheel f · ·

"tangling wheel". In the example SW

♦ · ··· 119020 In the rope rope, the rope rotates the traction sheave only once so that the rope grab angle is approximately 180 ° from the traction sheave, the diverting pulley is used only for "rigging" the rope as described above and the folding 5 wheel serves as rope guide and vibration damping. The pulleys 14,13,12,11,10,9,7 together with the drive wheel 5 of the hoisting machine 4 form a suspension above the elevator car having the same suspension ratio as the suspension below the elevator car 10 which in the figure 1 is 6: 1. From the traction sheave 5, the rope continues to travel, tapping the diverting pulley 7 onto the diverting pulley 8, which is preferably mounted in the lower part of the elevator shaft. After rotating the pulley 8, the ropeway 3 continues upwardly into the elevator car into position on the retractable pulley 18, which is rotated downward on the lower pulley 19 to return to the elevator car. 21, which, after rotating the rope, continues upward to the diverting wheel 22 in the elevator car. After rotating the diverting wheel 22, the hoisting rope 3 extends downwardly into the lower diverting wheel 23 of the elevator shaft, which * * * ··· * After twisting the rope, the rope continues upward, returning to the equalizer ··: ** · the unit's pivoting wheel 25, after which the lift rope continues to the other end attachment point 26, which: * · *: is conveniently located in the elevator shaft. Folding Wheels · *** · 8,18,19,20,21,22,23 form a part of the suspension and ropes under the hoist rope «·· 30. The elevator hoisting gear 4 and the drive wheel 5 and / or the diverting pulleys 7,10,12,14 located on the top of the shaft shaft may be • »" * fixed in a frame formed by the rails 2, *, * · * tai **: 35 beams at the top of an elevator shaft or an individual arrangement suitable for an elevator shaft or other.

• · ·

The diverting pulleys of the lower part of the elevator shaft may be mounted: M 11 119020 in position in the frame structure formed by the rails 2 or in the beam structure at the lower end of the elevator shaft or individually in a mounting arrangement suitable for the elevator shaft.

The diverting wheels in the elevator car may be secured in place to the frame structure of the elevator car 1 or to the beam structure or beams in the elevator car, or individually to the fastening arrangement suitable for the elevator car or other purpose.

10 In the elevator shown in Fig. 1, the rope force equalizer 24 compensates the rope elongations by the movement of the pulley 25. The diverting wheel 25 moves a limited distance 1 to compensate for the elongations of the hoisting rope 3. Compensation distance 1 is half the rope elongation of the hoisting rope. Further, the ky-15 arrangement stabilizes the tension over the traction sheave 5, whereby the Tx / Tj ratio of the rope forces in the situation of Fig. 1 is 2/1. It is possible to implement the rope stretch differential 24 other than as illustrated in this example, such as the more complex suspension arrangements 20 in the rope differential, for example, different suspension ratios between the differential pulleys.

• ♦ · • · ·, * ··. Figure 2 illustrates a counterweightless traction sheave elevator in accordance with the invention, wherein the elevator also has an ♦ ·· 25 anti-slip anti-slip device 227 lifts ['uncontrolled loosening and / or leveling of rope rope 203]. · * To prevent uncontrolled movement of the dryer.

• · ·! ...: Preferably, the elevator is a non-engine room elevator in which the actuator 204 is located in the elevator shaft. The elevator shown in the figure is a second and counterweight traction sheave of the upper machine type, in which elevator car 201 moves along guide rails 202. Figure 2 also shows a buffer 229 fitted below the elevator car *** 'to provide a safe space below the elevator car and / or to prevent movement of the elevator car too down the elevator shaft. 119020 is provided with a counter piece 230 to accommodate a buffer fitted in the elevator shaft, preferably at the bottom of the elevator shaft. The passage of the hoisting rope 203 in Figure 2 is similar to that of the elevator shown in Figure 1. The suspension ratio of the elevator-5 is also similar to that of the elevator shown in Fig. 1, that is, the rope portions above and below the elevator car 6: 1 each. In an unweighted elevator, the risk of entanglement of the lifting ropes 203, for example, in a bumper-driving situation or in a lift-car gripping space-10, is very high. To overcome this problem, a device is required to prevent uncontrolled movement of the lifting rope. Rope mat means one or more parallel ropes in the hoisting rope. Fig. 2 illustrates the loosening of the hoisting rope 227 in the elevator according to the invention, the function of which is to ensure that in case of loosening of the hoisting rope, such as when driving the buffer 229, stays in place and the hoisting rope cannot get tangled in the shaft structures. Another function of the anti-slip device shown in Fig. 2 is, in the elevator according to the invention, to prevent uncontrolled movement of the equalizer, particularly in the event of the car body being stuck. In an elevator according to the invention, an elevator is detected in connection with the balancer 224 by means of an arrangement which, in the case of Fig. 2; * · *; the rope has an anti-slack device 227, a slack to start the lifting rope, and at the same time prevents the balancer from feeding * 30 this rope from the balancer to the rope sections underneath the elevator car. In Fig. 2, when the car is driven to the e · · bumper 229 during service run or for some other reason ** "decreases to the portion of the hoisting rope above the elevator car., * · * The effective rope load decreases • 35 *. jt causes the lifting rope to disengage and the equalizer i · · impeller 225, which acts as a differential equalizer wheel • · f »··? 13 119020, immediately moves downward in the equalizer. If the elevator car lowering against the buffer 229 is continued, the elevator hoisting gear 204 201 of the hoisting rope portion 5 below the rope until the rope force Ti on the other side of the traction sheave 205 is reduced to a level where the friction between the traction sheave and the hoisting rope is no longer sufficient to cause the traction sheave to slip. so that the differential wheel 225 remains on the support of the bumper 227 before the entire rope stretch has completely discharged into the rope, in particular the rope portion above the elevator car. The bumper 227 is mounted at the correct distance 15 relative to the travel path of the differential wheel 225 when all parts associated with the suspension of the elevator car are in place and the elevator car 201 is fully completed. With all parts suspended on the hoisting rope 203, and with the basket at its lowest level 20, the rope elongation in the hoisting rope is at maximum unloaded, so that the length of the hoisting rope is also at its maximum in the unloaded condition. In this situation, the desired distance between the buffer 227 and the differential wheel 227 and its suspension is measured, then the buffer is fitted to its final position. Preferably, the distance * * L1 can be, for example, 200 mm. Bumper 227 in place: *. · After fitting, the equalizer is operational. The maximum finite leveling distance of the leveling device is 30, the distance L0 shown in Figure 2, which is limited by the buffer 227 at one end to the desired size.

♦ ·. ***. The compensation distance of the equalizer is limited due to ··· ·, for example, the compensation device is guided by wires and the compensation area between their ends is # ·· 35, which is the theoretical limited ♦ functional area of Figure 2 which is area L0. With this, ···. • · ·· * 14 119020, but when reaching the extreme ends of the equalizer, such as 226 for the hoisting rope, the equalizer may no longer function as intended and the operation of the elevator may be compromised. The elevator 5 of the invention seeks to ensure that, when going out of the normal compensator area of the equalizer, the equalizer is prevented from feeding the rope from the equalizer towards the rope portions underneath the elevator car, thereby maintaining a certain tension in the lifting rope. Folding wheel 10 225, which acts as a differential wheel in FIG. 2, may be guided by guides to remain in its path, particularly in situations where the differential wheel 224 is subjected to a severe impact, such as in the elevator grip condition. By means of the controls of the differential wheel 225, the clearance between the elevator car and the equalizer 15 is maintained and the movement of the equalizer is controlled. The leveling rails used can be almost any type of rails suitable for any purpose, such as, for example, rails made of metal or other suitable material 20 or ropes. The buffer 227 used as an anti-slip device in the leveling device may also be fitted at a desired position. ···. a damping member 228 for the purpose of damping the shock between the differential wheel * * »225 and the bumper 227 in a situation where there is an unlicensed and / or fast movement of the equalizer, such as * '* in the elevator stalling situation, where T: decreases • · * • '· drastically and as a result, the equalizer 224 leaves immediately hard *. As a result, the resulting impact between the bumper 227 and the gearwheel 225 is attenuated in order to prevent the equalizer or the hoisting rope from * «. ***. damaged. As a damping member 228 in buffer 227, for example, a rubber pad, a gas spring or the like ·· * · may be used. The elevator shown in section 2 may also be suspended from other sides of the elevator car that are suitable for m, ·· *. suspension ratios, such as 8: 1, 10: 1 • · ··· 15 119020 or suction at a suitable suspension ratio.

Fig. 3 illustrates an elevator according to the invention, wherein the elevator also includes an anti-slack device 327 in the balancer to prevent uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting rope 303 and / or uncontrolled movement of the balancer 324. Preferably, the elevator is a machine-roomless elevator in which the drive 304 is located in the elevator shaft. The elevator shown in the figure is a top-10 powered and counterweight traction sheave elevator in which elevator car 301 moves along rails 302. Figure 3 also shows a buffer 329 mounted below the elevator car to provide a safe space below the elevator car and / or to prevent movement of the car too far down the elevator shaft 15. An elevator body is provided with a counter piece 330 to correspond to a buffer 329 fitted in the elevator shaft, preferably to the bottom of the elevator shaft. The passage of the hoisting rope 303 in Figure 3 is similar to that of the elevators shown in Figures 1 and 2. The elevator car hanger-20 ink ratio is also similar to that of the elevators shown in Figures 1 and 2, i.e. the rope portions above and below the elevator car 6: 1 each. The elevator may also be suspended at other appropriate suspension ratios above and below the elevator car, such as 7: 1, 8: 1, 9: 1. , 10: 1 or ·: **: with other suitable suspension ratios.

· ***; In an unweighted elevator, the risk of entanglement of the lifting ropes • 303, for example, in a bumper ride or in a lift car sticking situation is very high. To eliminate this problem, a device is required to prevent uncontrolled movement of the lifting rope. Rope • * ** ”* mat means one or more parallel ropes in the hoisting rope. Figure 3 shows: ***; in the elevator according to the invention, the hoisting rope loosened ·· .1. 35 antifreeze device 327 for ensuring that lifting rope loosening cannot be completely discharged in situations where lifting rope loosening occurs, such as when driving to bumper 329, 161 1 9020 away, so that the hoisting rope stays in place and the hoisting rope cannot get into the shaft structures. Preferably, the anti-slip device 327 shown in Figure 3 is the brake shown in Figure 4. The operation of the anti-slip device fitted in the compensating apparatus shown in Figure 3 is described in more detail in connection with Figure 4.

Fig. 4 is a more detailed and partially sectional view of the equalizer 324 of Fig. 3 with respect to the pulleys 325 and the brake used as the anti-slip device 327 shown therein. The brake 427 used as a loosening device shown in Fig. 4 ensures that, for example, in the event of a bumper run, the rope elongation stored on the rope mat of the hoisting rope cannot be completely discharged into the hoisting rope, whereby the hoisting rope remains in place. The brake used as an anti-slip device shown in Figures 3 and 4 20 operates such that when the elevator car 301 is driven to bumper 329, for example in a service run situation, the load on the hoisting rope portion of the elevator cable is reduced; rope elongation * · • '·· 25 discharges into the hoisting rope, whereupon the equalizer wheel *: *: 324,424 325,425 moves immediately ** · * in the cases of Figures 3 and 4. As the rope force Ti acting on the hoisting rope section Yk above the elevator cable drops below the spring • m * t 30 403 the spring force presses the spring 403 on the brake 427 brake pad • · jolloin 402 onto the flywheel 425, causing the brake 427 to · · "" * hinders the release of rope tension and retains tension on the rope mat of the hoisting rope Due to the residual tension · * '*, the rope mat remains tight and the lifting rope · «♦, 1.35 does not get entangled in shaft structures If • · · * · * / hiss while driving against the bumper 329, the elevator hoisting machine 304 pulls the rope from the hoisting rope portion 301 below the elevator car 301 until the rope force Ti on the other side of the traction sheave 305 is reduced to a level where the friction between the ve-5 top wheel and the hoisting rope it is no longer sufficient for the drive wheel to slip the dryer 424 has a plurality of differential wheels 425 which can be operated with one or more loose-wheel anti-roll devices, such as, for example, a brake 427 which acts on one and / or several differential wheels. The brake 427 used as an anti-slip device may have at least one spring or similar apparatus 403 acting on the differential brake element 402, which is preferably a brake pad, and the differential wheel 425 is suspended from 401. In Figure 4, the rope portion above the elevator car elevator car is suspended at position 404 of the brake 427. The lower 20 portion of the elevator rope A * is fitted at one end to the anchorage 426 in the balancer 424. uses more than one anti-slip device # · *, such as both the anti-slip device such as the brake shown in Figure 4 • j, "* 25, and * · * * 'the anti-slip device such as' * buffer shown in Figure 2.

M · • · · • · «*. **. A preferred embodiment of the elevator according to the invention * · • * * is a machine-room-free top-powered elevator having a drive-wheel-coated traction sheave, and wherein the elevator has * * "* thin cross sections and heavy lifting ropes. - #> * j * rear wheel angle greater than 180 ° and preferred: ***: implemented with DW rope in hoisting gear, ··· • I.35 in which hoisting gear has a drive wheel and a deflection wheel, and • · · in which drive wheel • • • · ··· 18 1 1 9020 finished at right angles to each other The lifting gear is attached to the elevator rails The elevator is executed without counterweight with a suspension ratio of 8: 1 so that both the rope rope above the elevator car that the rope suspension ratio below the elevator car is 8: 1, and that the elevator rope passes through one wall of the elevator car and the wall of the elevator shaft The lift is equipped with a balancer which constantizes the ratio of forces Tx / T2 to 2: 1. The compensating distance required with the 10 Leveler used is half the amount of rope elongation. The elevator compensator has at least one anti-slip device to prevent uncontrolled loosening of the hoisting rope and / or uncontrolled movement of the equalizer. Further, the arrangement disposed with the balancer detects an initial loosening of the hoisting rope and prevents the balancer from feeding the hoisting rope from the balancer in the direction of the rope portions below the elevator car.

Another advantageous embodiment of the elevator according to the invention is a counterweight elevator with a suspension ratio of 10: 1 above and below the elevator car. In the embodiment, conventional elevator ropes, which preferably have a diameter of 8 mm, are used, and a traction wheel, which is cast iron, at least for the rope grooves.

• ·: * ·· 25 The traction sheave has undercut rope grooves and the * ***** traction sheave is adapted by means of a sheave to be: * ·]: 180 ° or more. The drive wheel diameter is preferably: ***: using conventional 8 mm ropes 340 mm. Large ropes with a diameter of 30 using a standard 8 mm hoisting rope • · ·. * ··, 320,330,340 mm or even larger are used as folding wheels.

• · * ··

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various aspects of the invention

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*! "On the embodiment are not limited to the above described • the examples, but may vary depending on the ··· ί, ί · 35 within the scope of the claims. For example, the MonIn! Kertaisestiko hoisting ropes passes through the upper part of the elevator shaft 19 119 020 and the elevator car and the underside of the rope pulleys and the elevator car In some cases, applications are made such that the rope passes as high as the lower portion of the elevator car, so that the suspension ratios of the suspension above and below the elevator car are the same. to vary the embodiment 10 according to the invention, with the traction sheaves and the pivoting wheels instead of the coated metal sliding wheel also an uncoated metal wheel or an uncoated wheel made of another suitable material.

It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the metallic or non-metallic traction sheaves for use in the invention, which function as diverting pulleys and are coated at least with respect to the wheel grooves by a non-metallic material, may be made of rubber, polyurethane or any other suitable material.

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the inventive attachment of the invention can be accomplished by using almost any flexible lifting device as a hoisting rope, e.g. - f * · ** · 25 get one or more strands of rope, flat strap, «« · • * ,! toothed belt, V-belted belt or other means: ***: suitable for belts. It will also be obvious to one skilled in the art that non-filler ropes which may be used instead of filler ropes may be used in the invention. 30 are either lubricated or non-lubricated. In addition, it is also clear to the skilled artisan that ropes can be ·· braided in many different ways.

• · • · «· ·

It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that other types of ropes may be used in the elevator according to the invention between the traction sheave and the ratchet wheel (s) to increase the grip angle α other than the exemplary ropes. For example, it is possible to arrange the diverting pulley (s), the traction sheave and the hoisting rope 5 in a manner different from that shown in the exemplary ropes. It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that, in an elevator according to the invention, the elevator can also be counterweighted, for example, the elevator preferably has a counterweight less than a basket weight and is suspended by 10 separate ropes.

Due to the bearing resistance and friction between the rope wheels used as pulleys and the friction between the ropes and the pulleys, and also due to the potential loss of the compensator, the ratio of rope tension may differ slightly from the nominal ratio of the compensator. Even a 5% deviation does not significantly harm, because the elevator must still have a certain robustness built-in.

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Claims (8)

2i 1 1 9020 X An elevator, preferably a counterweight elevator, wherein the elevator car is supported by a hoisting rope comprising one rope or a plurality of parallel ropes, and wherein the elevator has a traction wheel which lifts the elevator car through the rope, and wherein the elevator is up and out of the elevator car. downwardly lifting rope portions, and wherein the elevator has a balancer 10 acting on the rope to balance and / or compensate for rope tension and / or rope elongation; the anti-slip device on the equalizer being a brake (427) acting on the at least one impeller of the equalizer. Elevator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the anti-slip device in the compensator is a buffer (227) fitted in the vicinity of the differential and / or its suspension. • · M * Elevator according to claim 2, characterized in that the equalizer buffer has a differential wheel * · ·; A shock absorbing member (228) between the 25 and the buffer, preferably a gas spring, a rubber pad, or the like. Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-slip device is a * ”· * brake (427), wherein at least one of the deflection wheels (427) acting on the equalizer • j * 30 always has · ***; at least one spring or similar apparatus (403) and at least one braking member (402) adapted to act on the spring (403) to brake the equalizer pulley • * • ♦ 119020 and maintain rope tension in the hoisting rope. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leveling device comprises one 5 and / or more diverting pulleys. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leveling device is guided by wires, preferably metal wires or rope wires or other suitable wires. Elevator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevator car has pulleys with upward lifting ropes and deflection pulleys with downward lifting ropes and each having 1,2,3,4,5 or even more. A method of preventing uncontrolled loosening of a hoisting rope and / or controlling an uncontrolled movement of a balancer in an elevator, wherein the elevator car is at least partially supported by a hoisting rope comprising one or more parallel ropes, and wherein: the lift has · * · ,. a traction sheave which moves the elevator car through a hoisting rope, and • • · -J -J JV. upward and downward rope rope ropes, • 25, and with which the elevator has a rope equalizer • · effective to compensate and / or compensate for rope tension and / or rope slack, • · e *. * to detect a loosening of the hoisting rope Φ 30 with the arrangement of the equalizer assembly • e '··· * and to prevent the equalizer: 1: with the brake acting on at least one of the equalizer wheels (427) to feed the equalizer from the equalizer • in the direction of the rope sections below. 119020