ES2346839B1 - PROCEDURE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ALGAE AND MARINE PHANEROGAMS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrasses, for later use and use as a source of organic material for composting or fertilizer processing or organic amendments, which includes
turn on the following stages:

to)

sanded by natural decantation of seaweed and seagrass, submerging them in tanks (1) of salt water, where these seaweeds and seagrasses float and the sand goes to the bottom of the tank (1).

b)

A once the seaweed and seagrasses have been extracted from the tanks (1) of salt water, are introduced into fresh water tanks (3) for desalination

C)

Be remove seaweed and seagrass from water tanks (3) sweet and placed in dryers (5) exposed to the sun and wind for drained and dehydrated.

d)

Subsequently crushed (6) the seaweed and seagrass, storing them in agricultural bags (7) For better conservation.

Description

Procedure for the treatment of algae and seagrasses.

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Object of the invention

The present invention consists of a procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrasses, from natural uprights, for later use and use as a source of organic material for composting or preparation of fertilizer or organic amendments.

Background of the invention

In recent decades tourism development of sun and beach is requiring withdrawal throughout the entire year of seaweed and marine plant arrivals of the beaches by respective cleaning services. The rotting processes associated with these contributions make their withdrawal and discharge necessary in order to guarantee the conditions hygienic-sanitary optimal for recreational use and tourist and enjoy them. Due to the machinery used in cleaning beaches, along with seaweed and marine plants remove a large amount of sand, so a technology for disposal that makes possible the viability of your subsequent use as fertilizers, organic amendments, compost, etc.

The upright (massive influx of algae and seagrasses at the coast at certain times) is a natural phenomenon caused by the occasional scourge of large waves and in the coastal strip that acts, in most of the cases, such as sanitation of seagrass populations and macroalgae enriching the soil for the benefit of flora native, acting as natural waves barriers avoiding the sand regression, such as dune embryonic systems, etc. Without However, the sun and beach tourism development experienced in the The last decades require coastal municipalities to collect these natural upset that in some cases is required throughout year. The rotting processes associated with these contributions pose a hygienic-sanitary risk for the bathroom and enjoy the beaches what makes its withdrawal necessary in many cases.

The sudden and massive character of the appearance of This type of waste poses serious inconveniences regarding the Predictability and planning of additional services of cleanings necessary for disposal. This entails in the In most cases, a non-selective and poorly managed collection in as for the selection and use of the machinery used, which has as consequences a residue with a high sand content that makes any possible use or subsequent use unfeasible, to the time that alters the natural dynamics on the beach.

The Spanish invention patent number of Publication ES 8405349, includes a procedure for desalination and integral use of seaweed in fertilizers and organic materials. The procedure in question includes the stages of a primary dehydration of algae, a reconditioning of algae by vigorous grinding controlled and desalination. Dehydration is carried out by heat, pressure and sun drying, while desalination is Performs in water tanks.

Also the invention patent ES 2189606, is refers to a procedure for the treatment of algae and plants marine and plant waste for composting, which is characterized by a previous sanding by mechanical means, desalination by sprinkler irrigation, evacuation of saline effluent for debugging and subsequent use, crushing and defibration of plant residues and composting processes.

With the technology raised in the present invention is intended to establish a simple pretreatment that get sand removal on the one hand and on the other its storage and preservation for subsequent periodic processing and constant. In this way it would contribute to find solutions alternatives to the current discharge of these organic wastes, generating a greater social and environmental benefit in the affected municipalities. Council Directive 199/31, of April 26, 1999, regarding the dumping of waste raises the need for Member States to reduce or avoid to the extent if possible the negative effects derived from the discharge of organic waste, the same must establish strategies that include recycling, composting, biogasification or recovery of materials and energy.

The procedure described includes sanding by decantation, desalination by sweetening, the dehydrated by solar heat and wind, crushing by means of a hammer mill and its conservation in agricultural bags.

Description of the invention

The present invention relates to a procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrass from the removal of natural upheavals by the respective beach cleaning services, for possible use and subsequent use.

Raw Materials

The raw material is natural upright that cleaning services are forced to withdraw from Beaches once they appear. These upright (algae and plants marinas) accumulate on the adjacent beaches after the effects of strong storms and deep seas that lash the coasts and get tear them off the substrate.

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Seagrasses

The seagrasses form extensive meadows on sandy bottoms between 5 and 25 m deep which are known as sebadales in the Canary Islands. These sebadales are usually located in protected areas (south and southeast slopes of the Canary Islands) of the frequent wind and bottom seas of the North Atlantic. These meadows are mostly made up of the Cymodocea nodosa species declared as a species sensitive to the alteration of its habitat. The sebadales are mostly in a state of regression due to anthropogenic causes after urban and tourist pressure in many areas of the coast. This unsustainable development has led to an excessive increase in discharges into the sea of both sewage from wastewater treatment plants and brines from desalination plants that negatively affect these marine ecosystems. This regression has logically led to a gradual reduction in the amount of upheavals that are currently arriving.

The Cymodocea nodosa plant shows growth with a clear annual seasonality with highs in spring-summer and minimums in the winter months. The upwellings coming from the scourge of the waves in these meadows also show a clear annual variation. In winter, the waves come from strong storms, so the sea of wind generated tends to feel deep and break in a narrow range of low depth. This type of waves manages to uproot the root plants, so the uprights are made up of the entire plant (roots, rhizomes and leaves). However, in summer the waves come from bottom seas formed in the South Atlantic. This swell, so filtered by the long journey it has had to travel, will have very different characteristics to the windy sea of winter storms. This sea of bottom contains long periods and wavelengths so it manages to friction and shake the bottom slightly but in wide ranges of high depths, so that only dead leaves can be released from the meadow. Curiously, this swell by the cant process tends to break at lower depths than others with the same height from windy sea. For this reason, in summer, the upheavals that occur after the arrival of these deep-sea seas in the south are mostly made up of dead leaves of Cymodocea nodosa .

Seaweed

Generally the incidence beach areas of vegetable upright tend to behave with some common characteristics that depend on the flora associated with the surrounding areas. Thus we can observe two generalities for the North and east-southeast zone.

In the northern areas, where the platform of abrasion contains a more diverse and varied floristic zoning (in addition to their respective seasonal cycles), the composition of The uprights will depend on the area where the waves hit. This way in the north zone the uplands usually vary seasonally in its compositions and according to the incident waves. The most significant species in this area are:

?

Lobophora variegata

?

Halopithys incur

?

Haliptilon virgatum

?

Asparagopsis taxiformis

?

Lophocladia trichoculated

?

Halopteris filicina

?

Dyctiota sp.

The uplands of the east-southeast area however have a monospecific character of the brown seaweed Cystoseira abies-marina independent of the time of the year. They are caused by north-northeast-northeast wind seas coming from strong anticyclones (usually in spring and summer) and north-bottom seas coming from deep storms centered in the western part of Europe (October-May).

The uplands of the rest of the coastal zones (southeast-south and northwest-southwest) will depend on the flora existing in the surrounding platforms and the incident waves. In some cases, the upwellings maintain a constant composition of 4 species ( Pterocladia capillacea, Hypnea musciformis, Hypnea spinella and Ulva sp .) That alternate their percentage seasonally.

The treatment described in the description, of treatment of both seaweed and seagrasses, includes the following stages:

to)

sandblasting by decantation. Be introduce the material into floating baskets that are submerged in salt water tanks that in turn are coated by sacks of aggregates in order to recover the sand once the process is finished and evacuated the water from the tanks. Both seaweed and marine plants when pouring them into the tanks they tend to float favoring the separation by decantation of the sand towards the bottom.

b)

desalinated basket desalination by Immersion in freshwater tanks. This fresh water comes from rainwater collection tanks.

C)

dehydrated material. One time desalted, placed in dryers exposed to wind and sun to its drained.

d)

crushing the dehydrated material in a hammer mill, then storing it in sacks agricultural for better conservation.

According to the Invention, the sandblasting and desalination of stages a) and b) are carried out until values are reached of sand and salinity not harmful in the subsequent processes of material revaluation in fertilizer products, compost or organic amendments.

As a distinctive element of the invention, it stands out the fact that high-cost mechanical processes are not used in equipment and fuel, but a natural decantation after its immersion in tanks by taking advantage of seaweed buoyancy and marine plants, and the subsequent recovery of the sand in sacks of barren for your comfortable return to the beach.

According to the invention, desalination in the stage b) seeks the use of rainwater collected by greenhouse structures and roofs of industrial buildings in deposits in order to save drinking water in areas of famine.

A product of the invention is also the subject of the invention. dehydrated finish, which can be preserved for use in a manner constant and periodic in composting or production processes of fertilizers, since it comes from natural upwellings that have a massive and very punctual character. The large amount of algae removed annually it allows to make profitable its possible use for processes of composting or fertilizer production, which would not guarantee this continuous and regular contribution if not previously treated for possible storage

Description of the drawings

To complete the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of the practical realization of it, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a set of drawings where with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:

Figure 1.- shows the representation schematic of the steps of procedure a), b), c) and d) in a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

The proposed invention consists of a procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrass for later use and use as a source of matter organic for composting or fertilizer processing or amendments organic.

The procedure described must be carried out in a treatment plant located in an area with outlets and exits of salt water, with rainwater collection systems and deposit of at least 500 m 3, with a minimum rainfall rate of 100 l / m2 year, with high renewable energy resources such as sun (annual solar radiation ≥ 1,500 kWh / m2), wind (average wind speed ≥ 6 m / s), and that guarantees an amount minimum treatment of 2,000 tons Fresh weight of uprights annual withdrawals.

Said procedure comprises the following stages:

to)

sanded by natural decantation of seaweed and seagrass by submerging them in tanks (1) of salt water, where these seaweeds and seagrasses float and the sand goes to the bottom of the tank (1).

Prior to start with sandblasting, seaweed and seagrasses introduced into floating baskets (2) in order to facilitate and expedite the submergence and extraction of said algae and Phanerógamas.

The tanks (1) salt water are covered with aggregate sacks, from so that they recover the sand extracted from the sandblasting by returning it Quickly and comfortably to the beach.

b)

A once the seaweed and seagrasses have been extracted from the tanks (1) of salt water, are introduced into fresh water tanks (3) for desalination

These tanks (3) are filled with rainwater collected by means of catchment, such as greenhouse structures and ship roofs industrials that send it to warehouses (4) appropriate for their storage, and through which this water is distributed by the tanks (3).

C)

Be remove seaweed and seagrass from water tanks (3) sweet and placed in dryers (5) exposed to the sun and wind for drained and dehydrated.

Before placing the algae and phanerogams on the dryers (5) are taken from the floating baskets, thus allowing their scattering along the dryer area (5)

d)

Then the seaweed is crushed (6) and seagrasses, preferably in a hammer mill, then storing them in agricultural bags (7) for better conservation.

According to the invention, the sandblasting and desalination of stages a) and b) are carried out until values are reached of sand and salinity not harmful in the subsequent processes of material revaluation in fertilizer products, compost or organic amendments. In addition, no mechanical processes are used, with the consequent saving of equipment and fuel costs, thanks to natural decantation.

Claims (4)

1. Procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrasses, for later use and use as a source of organic matter for composting or production of fertilizer or organic amendments, characterized in that it comprises the following stages:

to)

sanded by natural decantation of seaweed and seagrass by submerging them in tanks (1) of salt water, where these seaweeds and seagrasses float and the sand goes to the bottom of the tank (1).

b)

A once the seaweed and seagrasses have been extracted from the tanks (1) of salt water, are introduced into fresh water tanks (3) for desalination

C)

Be remove seaweed and seagrass from water tanks (3) sweet and placed in dryers (5) exposed to the sun and wind for drained and dehydrated.

d)

Subsequently crushed (6) the seaweed and seagrass, storing them in agricultural bags (7) For better conservation.

2. Procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrasses, according to claim 1, characterized in that prior to stage a), seaweed and seagrasses are introduced into floating baskets (2), which will be removed once stage b) has ended. start its drained and dehydrated on the dryers (5). 3. Procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrasses, according to previous claims, characterized in that the salt water tanks (1) are covered with aggregate sacks by means of which they recover the sand extracted from the sandblasting. 4. Procedure for the treatment of seaweed and seagrasses, according to previous claims, characterized in that the water used in the tanks (3) for desalination in stage b), is rainwater collected by means of collection and storage systems in tanks (4) appropriate for the subsequent filling of the tanks (3).