ES2324749B1 - METHOD FOR DATA TRANSFER THROUGH CABLE TELEVISION NETWORKS AND SYSTEM FOR PRACTICE OF THE SAME. - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for data transfer through of cable television networks and system for commissioning practice of it.

The method is to use only the return band in both directions and passively without amplification, regardless of the state of development or network installation. The system to transfer data through The CATV network comprises a main amplifier equipment of header (1), a trunk amplifier (2), accessory equipment bridge (3) and a line extender device (4) interconnected in series, said extender equipment being accessoryly connected to a signal shunt (5), further comprising connected in series with such equipment, devices used for PLC: a device main header to inject data signals (7); a signal amplifier / repeater (9) to provide benefits to users  far away accessory, a repeater device (10) associated with the signal amplifier, or connected to work independently, to increase coverage; where, said signal amplifier / repeater device repeater device comprises connected in series at least one platelet with an injector circuit.

Description

Method for data transfer through of cable television networks and system for commissioning practice of it.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a method for the transfer of data on the lines that make up the networks for the reception and collective transmission of television by cable, commonly known as CATV (for its acronym in English, Community Antenna Television), preferably, where the data transfer is done in the return band in both senses.

It is also the object of the invention to provide the system or devices that make it possible to carry out said method of data injection on the return band in both senses, without having to modify these networks, passively and without amplification

Background of the invention

As it became necessary to have communication systems for data transmission, they left proposing different technologies: First it was the modems that they didn't allow fast connections or the sending of massive information, then different "Broadband" technologies emerged, such As cable connections, Asymmetric Digital Subscription Line or ADSL (acronym for Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line), wireless (Wireless), and even a new system such as Line Very High Speed Digital Subscription or VDSL (from Very High Bit-Rate Digital Subscriber Line) that exceeds widely to ADSL.

In the decade of the 90s it was experimented with a new technology with the objective of achieving communications through the electricity distribution network in England and Germany, not getting at that time to get the results expected

This technology called Communications by the Red Eléctrica, from now on PLC (acronym for Power Line Communications), also known as DPL (from Digital Power Line) or BPL (of Broadband Power Line), is a technology that allows the voice and / or data transmission through the infrastructure deployed from the medium voltage and domestic power grid or from low voltage.

It is, then, a two-wire transmission using the distribution wiring as the transmission line of electric current, which is used primarily for transport energy instead of information.

You can distinguish two main types of PLC technology application according to the network section Electrical in question:

- Extra-home communications using the Red Eléctrica or PLOC (from Power Line Outdoors Communications) that involves the communications that are established between the substation Electrical and PLC modem of the home network. This first system called Access (or "Outdoor") covers the section of what in telecommunications is known as "last mile", and that for the The case of the PLC network includes the electrical network that goes from the Low voltage connection of the distribution transformer to the Electric power meter. This first system is managed by a header team (first element of the PLC network) that connects this network with the telecommunications transport or backbone In this way this header equipment injects the network electrical the data signal that comes from the network of transport.

- Intrahogareñas communications using the Red Eléctrica or PLIC (from Power Line Indoors Communications), in the that internal communications are established through the power grid home interior, for example, LANs, etc. This second system called Intrahogareño (or "Indoor") covers the section that goes from the user's meter to all current outlets or plugs located inside homes or businesses. For this system uses the wiring as a transmission medium internal electrical of the place in question.

The section of the medium voltage power grid part of the transport substations to the substations of distribution, which are responsible for distributing electricity to All distribution centers. The tension in these lines ranges between approximately 66 kV and approximately 132 kV in the first section, and between approximately 20 kV and approximately 50 kV In the second section.

From distribution centers to every subscriber distributes electrical energy as alternating current low frequency, that is, of the order of 50 Hz or of the order of 60 Hz depending on the country, and carrying a low voltage between approximately 110 Vac and approximately 380 Vac, according to the country.

The power lines are very noisy, so that the PLC connection must be adapted to changes in said medium of transmission making adjustments. How the application needs a high bit rate it is necessary to use signals from a large bandwidth and use high transmission powers.

Therefore, PLC technology uses the low voltage modulating the signal at a high frequency, between approximately 1.6 MHz and approximately 40 MHz depending on the system, to enable the transmission of all types of information. These frequencies differ greatly from the frequencies of the conventional power grid, as we said about 50 Hz to approximately 60 Hz depending on the country, so the possibility Interference between both signals is practically nil.

In this technology the low electric cables voltage are the means of transport from a transformer center to the user A PLC modem is required for each connection particular whether domiciliary or business, to which they connect different devices, such as computers, phones, alarms, etc. There must also be a header or repeater modem for send the signal, which is arranged in the center of electrical transformation of the building or apple. This repeater It can handle many modems, preferably up to 256 modems.

Particularly, for data transmission There are three networks involved that are: the IP Network (acronym for Internet Protocol) or transport, Distribution Network or media voltage and Access Network or low voltage, these last two already mentioned.

A PLC connection from a user to The contents are carried out as follows: point-to-point connection links the PLC modem in the residence of the user with the PLC gateway (Gateway), near the counter of the electric company is installed a repeater that performs several functions in the connection process between the gateway and the modem PLC For each connected personal computer or PC it would be necessary establish a point-to-point connection with a different modem though Some PLC modems allow up to two connections.

The contents can reach a node through a fiber optic network, an Internet connection via satellite or through a connection to a broadband operator.

PLC works from the node connected to the Internet in the electrical substation or transformation center, place in the which is the PLC header that performs the conversion between the optical or type signal from the structure of Internet or spine data transmission ("backbone") of said network to the electrical signal used in PLC From this point to the end user, the electric cable transports energy and data, which must be read by a chipset of the PLC modem placed in each home. Depending on the distance between the PLC header and the user, it may be necessary to use equipment repetition. This distance is about 300 meters

This means that you can access the Internet at any point in the geography where the power grid arrives being necessary the access to the telephone network, what makes possible Internet access at points where the telephone network does not arrives

The PLC modem device, terminal modem or modem customer, is the device installed in the subscriber's home and it allows both data transmission and, for example, the Voice telephone service. This is the last element of the network PLC that collects the signal directly from the power grid through of the plug and, in this way, both the electric power and the data signals that allow the transmission of information, they share the same means of transmission, that is the driver electric.

The repeater device is installed usually in the meter room of the building or block. This equipment, which is normally installed in the counter environment of electrical energy, it is composed of a terminal modem and a secondary header equipment. The first component of this repeater collects the signal from the head unit of the system access and the second component communicates with the terminal part of the  repeater and injects the signal into the intra-home section. Is the device that connects to the user's PLC modem. Its function The main one is to regenerate the PLC signal allowing the connection up to 256 PLC modems.

The header device is located in the centers of the electric companies and is connected with the repeaters. These devices are ready to connect with IP networks (Ethernet) and there are two types of devices header: those of Medium Voltage (MT) and those of Low Voltage (BT), those with a range of 600 m and 300 m, respectively.

The topology of a PLC network simply consists in the Low Voltage connection of the PLC modem by the user and said device communicates, through a protected system of algorithms, with the repeater located in the room of counters

The data transmission networks that use the PLC technology may have some technical limitations such such as electrical switching noises, Radio interference Frequency, false contacts in the networks, own interference by the meshing of the electrical networks. In some cases it can it becomes difficult to avoid interference due to nature own of the transmission system since the lines are not shielded, nor are they symmetrical with respect to mass and, consequently,  radian.

Currently, the only possibility to send and receive data through the CATV system is through the method known as Cable Modem, another technology to provide Internet access via broadband. For this to happen, must have specific equipment and networks especially designed.

From the foregoing it follows that CATV systems that do not have specific equipment do not could they provide the data transfer service if not They modify their networks and equipment.

Indeed, CATV networks that only send One-way cable signal, that is to the receiver, are open networks that extend like the branches of a tree. The bifurcations and derivations start from central lines from which are derived from the subsidiary branches opening towards limits of the areas where the installation is carried out.

When in addition to the cable signal it is intended transfer data, in addition to the appropriate equipment must be adapted the existing network and make it closed. In this way it is achieved not only Sending data upstream, that is to the user, it also achieves the return of data in the sense descending from the user to the exchange that interconnects the Internet network.

It is therefore necessary to solve the technical problem that presupposes converting a cable network into a network to transfer both television and data signals in the case where CATV systems do not have their networks and equipment ready to transfer data, that is, they are open networks.

Also, given the inconvenience that produced when PLC technology is implemented, it is also done its use is necessary in environments where they are minimized or disappear these inconveniences.

Description of the invention

The method for transferring data to through CATV networks that the invention proposes, as well as the device for the implementation of the same resolve fully satisfactory way the problem above exposed, in the aspects mentioned, adapting to the networks of CATV in any state in which they are, open or closed, whether or not they have been adapted for data transfer.

To do this, and more specifically, the method is to use all the material deployed in these networks, without having to make any kind of modification to them, to through the injection through specific equipment which enables the transfer of data in the only band of return both ways and passively without amplification.

For this, a system is used to apply the PLC technology properly adapted to allow data transfer in CATV networks in the state that is find, especially those open networks that have not been modified or are in the process of modification to perform the data transfer.

This system that allows to inject data into of a CATV network comprises a main header device or master device located in the network header, what which is not exclusive and, to increase coverage, either users or away, devices are installed repeaters, which can be amplifying devices of signal / repeaters (signal amplifiers / repeaters) or simply repeater devices, which can be repeaters in time or frequency, and finally a modem of user that allows to obtain these digital services to consume them properly.

To allow the adaptation of PLC technology to CATV networks to transfer data through them are used platelets with circuits that are connected in series to said signal booster / repeater device or device repeater, and comprises an injector circuit selected from: a injector circuit to repeat in time, which is composed by a direct branch with a reversible directional mixer in the pass band, and a low pass filter connected to it through of a lower branch, the assembly being associated with a bridge in an upper branch for telefeeding; an injector circuit to repeat in frequency, which is composed of a branch direct with two directional mixers in the pass band connected in series, comprising between them a high pass filter, and two low pass filters connected each independently to each mixer by means of a lower branch, the set associated with a bridge on an upper branch for your telefeeding; and combinations of both.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:

Figure 1.- Shows a representation schematic of a preferred embodiment of an architecture typical network where the location of the equipment for the data injection in open CATV system networks made in accordance with the object of the present invention.

Figure 2.- Shows an example of embodiment preferred of a typical network architecture of Figure 1 showing in detail the preferred connection modalities of the users

Figure 3.- Shows a preferred embodiment of an injector circuit for a time repeater, which is composed of a reversible directional mixer connected in series in the pass band, a low pass filter connected to said mixer and a bridge for telefeeding.

Figure 4.- Shows a second example of practical implementation of the injector circuit, in this case to repeat in frequency, which is composed of two mixers reversible directional connected in series in the pass band and between both reversible directional mixers is a CATV band pass filter, two low pass filters connected each one independently of said mixers and a bridge for telefeeding

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

In view of the figures outlined, it can be seen as the method that is recommended, to achieve the transfer of data in both directions without the need for any adaptation of existing networks and use the same equipment that makes up the existing CATV network that is already installed , consists of using only the return band of the CATV network in both directions and passively, installing in the same devices that allow the injection of signal in a specific way to enable the transfer of data in both directions in the only band of Existing return, such CATV networks being able to be in any state of development or installation, being especially suitable for those open networks that are only used to send users emission signals from
TV.

According to the aforementioned method, the following operational phases:

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Establish a PLC connection using a logical port to exchange data through a connection to the adequate equipment network, and

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Send and / or receive data using an appropriate modulation method on the return band in both directions.

Preferably, the modulation method will be by Multiplexing (or multiplexing) by Frequency Division Orthogonal, hereinafter OFDM (from Orthogonal Frequency Multiplexing Division).

The right equipment consists of hardware specific that also includes the modem, where said hardware allows the connection of the CATV network to the Internet, for example, through programs (software) copied to a read-only chip integrated into a hardware device and that controls the functions of the latter (Firmware) properly.

As can be seen in Figure 1, in which shows a preferred embodiment of an architecture typical network according to the present invention, where the Servers of Infrastructure that allow configuring the equipment provides the digital network services, such as Internet and network access of public switched telephony or traditional telephone network of subscribers

Figure 2 is a preferred embodiment of a typical network architecture of Figure 1 showing in detail different possible preferred modes of connection to the network by part of the users.

These services are injected into the network CATV through a system comprising a main device header or master device located in the header of the network, which is not exclusive and, to increase the coverage, whether from users or away, are being installed repeater devices, which can be devices signal amplifiers / repeaters or simply devices repeaters, which can be repeaters in time or in frequency, and finally a user modem that allows to obtain these digital services to consume them properly.

All this equipment is the same as the used by PLC technology to perform the transfer of data on medium and low voltage power networks, but adapted and connected in a CATV network.

Thus, the system transfers data through CATV networks using the return band in both directions, where said CATV network comprises at least one main head amplifier equipment (1) from which a CATV service provider company introduces a CATV signal, at least one trunk amplifier (2), accessory bridge equipment (3) and at least one line extender equipment (4) interconnected in series with each other and said line extender equipment (4) connected at least at a signal shunt (tap) (5) to access at least one user (6) of the CATV service, said system further comprises connected in series with each other and with the existing equipment in said CATV network the following set of devices used for
PLC:

At least one main header device or master (7) properly installed in the CATV network to inject the data signals into said network providing connectivity to all computers on the network to infrastructure servers (8) that provide digital network services such as access to the Internet (8a) and to the public telephone network (8b);

At least one signal amplifier / repeater (9) which is connected to the CATV network while maintaining the provision of services in an acceptable environment regardless the distance that the user of the master team (s) finds (7);

Accessory, at least one device repeater (10) connected to the network to work associated with the minus a signal amplifier (9), or connected to the network to work independently of at least one signal amplifier (9), allowing to increase coverage for the provision of services;

At least one user modem (11, 11 ', 11' ', 1 '' ') that takes the signal from the network and allows to provide user services (6); where, said device signal booster / repeater (9) or repeater device (10) comprises connected in series at least one plate with a circuit injector (12, 12 '), which may be interchangeably designed to repeat in time (12), or in frequency (12 ').

The injector circuit to repeat in time (12), is composed of a direct branch (13) with a mixer reversible directional (14) in the pass band, and a filter passes low (15) connected to it by means of a lower branch, the assembly being associated with a bridge (16) on a branch superior for your feedback.

The injector circuit to repeat in frequency (12 '), is composed of a direct branch (13') with two directional mixers (14'-14``) in the band step connected in series comprising between them a filter passes high (17), and two low pass filters (15'-15``) each independently connected to each mixer by middle of a lower branch, the assembly being associated with a bridge (16 ') on an upper branch for tele-feeding, being able to make combinations of both platelets.

Depending on the network topology and the needs that must be met at their various points, can be serially connect so many platelets with an injector circuit (12-12 ') as necessary, repeating them in a same point, if they comprise the same injector circuit, and / or combining them with each other, if they comprise different types of circuits injectors

The user modem can provide services broadband and telephony (11), only telephone services (11 '), only broadband services (11' '), or provide access to "Triple-Play" Services (11 '' '), as can be seen in Figure 2.

The Triple-Play Services is a solution that integrates the services of: Internet (high speed) + Television + voice over Internet (Phone on Line) in a single product, with which you can enjoy programming and speak for phone while browsing.

An embodiment is shown in Figure 3 preferred of an injector circuit to repeat in time (12), the which is composed of a reversible directional mixer (14) connected in series in the pass band (13), a low pass filter (15) connected to said mixer and a bridge for telefeeding (16), as mentioned above.

A platelet comprising said circuit, the which is constituted by a direct branch (13), a superior branch (16) and a lower branch (18), wherein said platelet is comprised in a time repeater device, and in which the CATV signal, data signal and tele-voltage supply enter it through a first connector (19) with impedance of approximately 75 Ohms, said flow of the CATV signals and of data, which is indicated by black arrows in said Figure 3, enter a reversible directional mixer (14) in the branch direct, the CATV signal passes through it until a second output connector (20) with impedance of approximately 75 Ohms

By means of a crash (21) in the upper branch blocks the RF signal and separates from the alternating voltage, which it is derived through at least one protection fuse (22), of where the power supply (23) will be extracted for the circuits electronic

Accessory, two fuses (24) and (25) located in the upper branch act as protection and key since, according to which end of the platelet a source of circuit power, the opposite must be removed corresponding opening the circuit at that point. Depending on the network topology, power supplies are installed at a distance between approximately 1,000 m and approximately 1,500 m between them.

Preferably, the tension values alternating are between approximately 30 Vac and approximately 90 Vac More preferably, the alternating voltage is of approximately 60 Vac. More preferably, the tension alternating is 60 Vac ± 10%.

A lower branch of entry to the mixer reversible directional comprises a low pass filter (15) with a cut-off frequency at approximately 34 MHz and rejection of approximately 70 db, and a third connector (26) with impedance of approximately 50 Ohms, this being a connector where injects the data signal both ways.

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Preferably, in the directional mixer reversible there is a test point (27) to observe the levels of signal injection.

An example of practical realization of an injector circuit to repeat in frequency (12 '), which is composed of two mixers directional (14'-14``) connected in series in the pass band and between both reversible directional mixers are  find a CATV band pass filter (17), two low pass filters (15'-15``) each connected in shape independent of said mixers and a bridge (16 ') for telefeeding

A platelet comprising said circuit (12 '), is constituted by a direct branch (13'), a branch upper (16 ') and two lower branches (18'-18' '), wherein said platelet is comprised in a device frequency repeater, and in which the CATV signal, the signal of data and the tele-voltage voltage enter it by a first connector (28) with impedance of approximately 75 Ohms, said flow of CATV and data signals, which is indicated with black arrows in said Figure 4, enter a first mixer directional (14 ') reversible on the direct branch, a filter (17) passes high with a cutoff frequency of approximately 34 MHz and rejection of approximately 70 db connected in series lets pass the CATV signals arriving at a second mixer directional (14``) reversible, where the CATV signal goes to through it to a second output connector (29) with impedance of approximately 75 Ohms.

By means of a crash (30) in the upper branch, blocks the RF signal and separates from the alternating voltage, which is derived through at least one protection fuse (22 '), of where the power supply (23 ') will be extracted for the circuits electronic

Accessory, two fuses (24'-25 ') located in the upper branch act as protection and key since, according to which end of the plate connect a power supply to the circuit, the corresponding opposite opening the circuit at that point. As may be network topology, power supplies are installed to a distance between approximately 1,000 m and approximately 1,500 m between them.

Preferably, the tension values alternating are between approximately 30 Vac and approximately 90 Vac More preferably, the alternating voltage is of approximately 60 Vac. More preferably, the tension alternating is 60 Vac ± 10%.

The two lower branches of income at reversible directional mixers each comprise a filter low pass (15'-15``) with a cutoff frequency of approximately 34 Mhz and rejection of approximately 70 db, and a third connector (31) with impedance of approximately 50 Ohms, this being a connector where the data signal is injected into both senses.

Preferably, at both ends of the reversible directional mixers there is a test point (27 ') to observe the injection levels of the signals.

For the installation of the devices necessary for the transfer of data through the cables coaxial of CATV networks using only the band of return mentioned above, preferably a box will be used waterproof approximately 40 cm long by approximately 30 cm wide, which will include such equipment for injection Of the signal.

In this box a motherboard will be inserted where the transmitting / receiving equipment of the specific frequencies who are responsible for the data transfer, its power supply and filters injection.

For the implementation of the system data transfer through CATV systems using the return band, specific devices are installed in the places you want to inject or amplify the signal. For it proceed to cut the coaxial cables and place the connectors necessary standard, where the described box will be inserted previously.

The architecture of the primary network is of the type master device / slave device, so that the master assigns access to the channel to all those slaves that are find registered to him; accessoryly, a repeater unit, repeater device or simply repeater, is used to increase coverage, and the different slaves they own permission to access the medium, send and receive the data.

So and as mentioned previously, in a typical network architecture where implement the system that the invention proposes, must be installed one or more main header devices or masters installed somewhere in the CATV Network which are the responsible for injecting data signals into the CATV network, It also provides connectivity to all CATV network devices to the infrastructure servers that provide the services network digital and allow, for example, access to the network public telephone, Internet, video on demand, etc.

When the extension of network coverage of CATV requires it, an amplifier device will be installed signal / repeater whose function is to keep the performance in a acceptable scope regardless of the distance the user of the master team (s).

The network may have repeater devices strategically connected to the CATV network that allow increasing the coverage. These repeater devices can be connected and work associated with CATV trunk amplifiers, or they can connect to the network to work independently of CATV amplifiers.

Slave devices will be aimed at provide access to services of different types: you have to allow broadband and telephone services; others allow telephone service only; others allow only services broadband; and others are designed to allow access to Triple-Play services.

The master devices will be connected by intermediate of different elements to the data network to be able to give interconnectivity to any of your devices secondary or slaves.

Inside the users' homes are will place a home slave or user modem that takes the signal to provide the services offered to users.

Preferably, the modulation method employee is of the frequency division multiplexed type Orthogonal (OFDM): Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), which is used in several of the current PLC systems.

Through this method the spectrum of frequencies in several independent carriers. The speed of the carrier adapts automatically depending on the relationship or signal to noise or signal / noise factor, detected.

The spectral efficiency is 10 bits / Hz and the technology proposed in the present invention allows mounting up to the order of 1536 carriers on the return channel.

On each carrier can be transmitted approximately 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 bits per carrier, This is called BPC (from Bits Per Carrier) which allows reach speeds of up to approximately 200 Mbps. The BPCs are calculated from the SNR measurements and the crest factor or CFR peak (from Crest-Factor) and are traded between the sender and receiver.

There is a way, which consists in duplicating the information to ensure its integrity when the medium is short reliable reaching a maximum speed of 2 Mbps.

According to another of the characteristics of the invention, the transmission range is between approximately 2 MHz and approximately 34 MHz.

The transmission and reception modes are it separates in three physical modes, 10 MHz, 20 MHz and 30 MHz.

Preferably, the system proposed in the The present invention operates in 12 predefined modes in the Firmware (software copied from a read-only chip integrated into a hardware device and that controls its functions).

Each node of the network modified according to the system proposed in the present invention has amplifiers of Programmable gain or PGA, both for the Tx transmission channel (Transmit Channel) as for the Rx reception channel (Receive Channel)

These amplifiers are used to adjust dynamically the signal levels, each PGA comprises a range discrete of possible values: from 0 to 1 for Tx and from 0 up to 7 for Rx.

When a PGA of Tx is at the maximum value of its range, the transmitted power density is 50 dBm / Hz.

In addition, masks of attenuation.

Automatic Gain Control or AGC (of Automatic Gain Control) of Transmission and Reception is a mechanism by which the amplifiers of the network nodes adjust Your earnings automatically.

There is an individual AGC mechanism, both for Tx as for Rx.

The logic of operation is based on whether deals with downstream signals, downflow or direction of down (stream) or upstream, upload flow or upload address ("up-stream").

The basic equipment is unique and can behave different way such as: master device, device time repeater and frequency repeater device, or slave device as programmed.

Specifically it is a waterproof case, preferably of aluminum, which houses at least one source of power and at least one connection panel or backplane

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The connection panel, also backplane or rear connector, or "backplane" is a printed circuit board or device, which, in its simplest structure, consists of a set of slots, sockets for plugging cards or cables wired multipolar plugs in parallel, forming the internal channels or buses of the system, through which the computer communicates with its peripherals that connect by inserting cards in any of these
connectors

This connection panel comprises at least 1 expansion slot Preferably, it comprises 1 to 3 slots of expansion on which any device can be inserted as necessary.

Depending on the software configuration of these devices, it will be the behavior of the device in question.
tion

As we advanced above, there are three behavioral forms or main roles that are assigned by software to the mentioned devices: device master, time repeater device, repeater device on frequency and slave device.

The master device (7) is the device main header. It has at least 32 to 120 ports logics and a table for forwarding ("Forwarding") from 64 to 262144 Media Access Control Addresses, or MAC ("MAC Addresses ", from Media Access Control (MAC) Addresses).

"Forwarding" is the process by which a bridge or Ethernet switch reads the contents of a packet and what transmits to the appropriate segment, the remission rate being the time required by the device to execute these steps. Ethernet is the Local Area Network or LAN (Local Area) technology Network) of greater diffusion at present. The rules for Configure an Ethernet network are defined in the IEEE 802.3 standard. Specifically, it is a CSMA / CD network of 10 Mbps base bandwidth, It works with fine and thick coaxial wiring, twisted pair and optical fiber.

Some of the ports are designed to Support a Multiprotocol Reference Switch or MPLS (of Multiprotocol Label Switching) in layer 2, oSTP (from optimize Spannig Tree Protocol), 4093 VLAN (from Virtual Local Area Network) TAGs (from Telecommunications Access Gateway) and 4096 oVLAN (de optimise Virtual Local Area Network) TAGs, have at least one interface of Gigabit Ethernet A fiber and at least one Gigabit fiber interface Ethernet B, both preferably allow connections via SFP connectors (Small Form-factor Pluggable); at least one injection interface to the CATV network and at  minus a connection interface with the connection panel, reaching  speeds of up to approximately 260 Mbps.

Others have at least one Ethernet A interface and others also a second Ethernet B interface; at least one CATV network injection interface and at least one interface connection to the connection panel; reaching speeds of up to 200 Mbps

With A and B, in Ethernet A and Ethernet B, you Identify two possible Ethernet input interfaces.

Fast Ethernet is high speed Ethernet approximately 100 Mbps, while the regular Ethernet is 10 Mbps. There are two competing technologies that arise from IEEE. He The first method is the IEEE 802.3 100BaseT, which uses the method of CSMA / CD access with some degree of modification. The standards are announced for late 1994 or early 1995. The second is the IEEE 802.12 100BaseVG, adapted from 100VG-AnyLAN from HP. Use a demand priority method instead of CSMA / CD. For example, real-time voice and video could Give them higher priority than other data.

Devices that act as a modem for user (11, 11 ', 11' ', 11' '') allow connection between each of network users with the network itself.

There are different user modem devices possible that can be used in the system according to the present invention, those that differ from each other by benefits that the user can access through them.

In a preferred embodiment, the device User modem can provide maximum functionality. He device has a Forwarding Table of 64 MAC Address, and is Designed to support oSTP, 16 VLAN TAGs and 4096 oVLAN TAGs.

It has at least one Fast Ethernet interface, preferably 10/100 Mbps Full Duplex; at least one interface for connection to the CATV network, at least one USB 1.1 interface (from Universal Serial Bus) and at least one VoIP telephone interface RJ-11 (VoIP is the acronym for Voice-Over-Internet Protocol, that is Voice over Internet Protocol) that allows you to connect any analog telephone; and reaches speeds in bursts of up to 200 Mbps

In another preferred embodiment, the device User modem cannot provide telephony features. He device has a Forwarding Table of 8 MAC Address, and is Designed to support oSTP, 4 VLAN TAGs and 4096 oVLAN TAGs.

It has at least one Fast Ethernet interface, preferably 10/100 Mbps Full Duplex; and at least one interface for connection to the CATV network; and it reaches speeds in bursts of up to 200 Mbps

The most outstanding features of the modes physicists according to the method of the present invention and the system of Application in it are:

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It allows a multi-carrier modulation by OFDM.

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Modula in 1536 carriers in a range of 2 MHz to 34 MHz unused return channel amplification.

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Has a spectral efficiency of up to 10 bits / Hz.

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It allows to make a transfer 200 Mbps symmetric

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Do not employs tuning systems.

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Has a reception sensitivity of -70 dBm.

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Has a dynamic range of 87 dB.

The most outstanding features of the MAC according to the method of the present invention and the application system in it they are:

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MAC of switched access

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It allows horizontal scalability and vertical.

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Support for tree type topologies, bus, star, ring and grid.

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Automatic adaptation to changes in topology

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Teacher Choice based on SNR

The most outstanding features of the network according to the method of the present invention and the application system in it they are:

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ACK recognition support (from Acknowledgment) in layer 2. ACK is an electronic signal of exchange of information indicating recognition or signal of reply.

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Native Multicast support.

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Support for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN.

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OVLAN support (owner).

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STP and oSTP support (owner).

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802.1p QoS & support CoS.

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MPLS support.

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Internet Protocol Support version 4 or IPv4 (acronym for Internet Protocol Version 4) and Protocol Internet version 6 or IPv6 (acronym for Internet Protocol Version 6).

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Support H.323 v4, more protocol used for IP telephony, and SIP (from Session Initiation Protocol) which is a signaling protocol for conference, telephony, presence, event notification and messaging Instant over the Internet.

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Simple Management Protocol Support Network or SNMP (from Simple Network Managing Protocol).

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3DES encryption support of 168 bits 3DES is the worldwide encryption standard between banking institutions The 3DES encryption algorithm operates with 168-bit data blocks. DES is the acronym for "Digital Encription Standard ".

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Multicast IP support.

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Driving of hardware latency.

Finally, it should be noted that the technology Traditional cable modem only supports Nodal type topologies, allows asymmetric communication, has a maximum bandwidth 40 Mbps and can provide basic network services such as access to Internet and online games.

On the other hand, the technology of the present invention supports tree-branch type topologies, allows a symmetric communication, has a maximum bandwidth of 200 Mbps and allows to provide advanced network services such as, low video Demand, IP telephony, Bandwidth "on-demand", etc.

Claims (15)

1. Method for the transfer of data through cable television networks, commonly known as CATV, which may be either open or closed, as well as adapted or not for data transfer, in which a single band is established return, characterized in that it comprises the following operation: Establish a PLC connection at least one point of the network for the reception and collective transmission of television by cable through a logical port to exchange data, to through which a signal is injected to enable data transfer both ways in the only band of existing return, signal based on sending and / or receiving data employing a division multiplexing modulation method of  Orthogonal Frequencies (OFDM) on the network return band of CATV in both directions passively and without amplification. 2. Method for the transfer of data through cable television networks, according to claim 1, characterized in that the CATV network is of the tree / branch type. 3. System for the implementation of the method of the preceding claims, wherein said CATV network It comprises at least one main amplifier header equipment (1) from where a CATV service provider company introduces a CATV signal, at least one trunk amplifier (2), accessory bridge equipment (3) and at least one extension device line (4) interconnected in series with each other and at least one device line extender (4) connected accessoryly to at least one signal shunt (5) (tap) to access at least one user (6) of the CATV service, with said system also provided understand connected in series with each other and with existing equipment in said CATV network at least one main header device or master (7) properly installed in the CATV network to inject the data signals into said network by providing connectivity to all computers on the network to servers infrastructure (8) provided by digital network services; to the minus a signal booster / repeater (9) that is located connected to the CATV network while maintaining the benefits of services in an acceptable area regardless of the distance find the user of the master equipment (s); accessoryly, at least one repeater device (10) connected to the network to work associated with at least one signal amplifier (9), or connected to the network to work independently at least of a signal amplifier (9), allowing to increase the coverage for the provision of services; and at least one user modem (11, 11 ', 11' ', 11' ') that takes the signal from the network and allows provide services to users; where, said signal booster / repeater device (9) or device repeater comprises connected in series at least one plate with a injector circuit (12) to repeat in time, which is composed of a direct branch (13) with a directional mixer reversible (14) in the pass band, and a low pass filter (15) connected to it by means of a lower branch, the set associated with a bridge (16) on an upper branch for its tele-feeding, the upper branch or bridge being provided (16) comprise two fuses (24-25) connected to both sides of the AC outlet as protection and key, with the particularity that the repeater injector circuit in time (12) comprises a first connector (19), entry point for the CATV signal, the data signal and the voltage of telefeeding, deriving from said first connector the direct branch comprising a reversible directional mixer (14) for input of CATV and data signals, ending in a second connector (20) for passage and output of the CATV signal, the upper branch comprising a shock (21) for blocking the RF signal and separation of an alternating current with at least one protection fuse (22) for derivation of said current alternate to power associated electronic circuits, and deriving from the reversible directional mixer (14) the branch lower comprising a low pass filter (15), and ending in a third connector (26) for injection of the data signal in both senses. 4. System for the implementation of the method of claims 1 and 2, wherein said CATV network comprises at least one main head amplifier equipment (1) from where a CATV service provider company introduces a CATV signal, at least one trunk amplifier (2), accessory a bridge equipment (3) and at least one line extender equipment (4) interconnected in series with each other and at least one extension device of line (4) accessory connected at least to a signal shunt (5) (tap) to access at least one user (6) of the service CATV, having also provided that said system includes connected in series with each other and with the existing equipment in said CATV network at least one master header or master device (master) (7) properly installed in the CATV network to inject the data signals in said network providing connectivity to all network equipment to infrastructure servers (8) that provide digital network services; at least one amplifier of signal / repeater (9) that is connected to the CATV network keeping the services provided in a field acceptable regardless of the distance the user is of the master team (s); accessory, at least one repeater device (10) connected to the network to work associated with at least one signal amplifier (9), or connected to the network to work independently at least one amplifier signal (9), allowing to increase coverage for the provision of services; and at least one user modem (11, 11 ', 11' ', 11' ') which takes the signal from the network and allows to provide services to the users; wherein, said amplifier device of signal / repeater (9) or repeater device comprises connected in series at least one platelet with an injector circuit (12 ') for repeat in frequency, which is composed of a direct branch (13 ') with two directional mixers (14'-14' ') in the pass band connected in series comprising both a high pass filter (17), and two low pass filters (15'-15``) each connected in shape independent to each mixer by means of a lower branch (18'-18 ''), the set being associated with a bridge (16 ') on an upper branch for telefeeding, branch upper (16 ') comprising at least two fuses (24'-25 ') connected to both sides of the socket of the alternating current as protection and key, with the particularity of that the frequency repeater injector device (12 ') comprises a first connector (28), entry point for the CATV signal, the data signal and tele-voltage voltage, deriving from of said connector (28) the direct branch comprising a mixer reversible directional (14 ') for input of CATV signals and of data; a filter passes high (17) of a cutoff frequency of 34 MHz and 70 db rejection connected in series for passage of the CATV signals and data signal blocking, connected to a second reversible directional mixer (14 '') and ending in a second connector (29) for passage and output of said CATV signal, the upper branch comprising a shock (30) for blocking the RF signal and separation of an alternating current with at least one protection fuse (22 ') for derivation of said current alternate to power associated electronic circuits and bypassing of each reversible directional mixer (14'-14``) lower branches (18'-18``) comprising each a low pass filter (15-15 '') of a cut-off frequency of 34 MHz and rejection of 70 db, and ending in a third connector (31) for injection of the data signal into both senses. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the reversible directional mixer comprises a test point (27) for observation of the levels of injection of the CATV and data signals. 6. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the values of the alternating voltage are between 30 Vac and 90 Vac. 7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the alternating voltage is 60 Vac, preferably 60 Vac ± 10%. System according to claim 4, characterized in that each reversible directional mixer comprises a test point (27 ') for observation of the levels of injection of the CATV and data signals. 9. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the values of the alternating voltage are between 30 Vac and 90 Vac. 10. System according to claim 11, characterized in that the alternating voltage is 60 Vac, preferably 60 Vac ± 10%. 11. System, according to claim 3, characterized in that the first connector (19) and the second connector (20) have an impedance of the order of 75 Ohms, while the growing connector has an impedance of the order of 50 Ohms. 12. System, according to claim 3, characterized in that the low pass filter (15) has a cut-off frequency of 34 MHz and rejection of 70 db. 13. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the first connector (28) and the second connector (29) have an impedance of the order of 75 Ohms, while the growing connector (31) has an impedance of the order of 50 Ohms. 14. System, according to claim 4, characterized in that the low pass filter (15) has a cut-off frequency of 34 MHz and rejection of 70 db. 15. System, according to claim 4, characterized in that both the high pass filter (17) and the low pass filter (15-15 '') have a cut-off frequency of 34 MHz and rejection of 70 db.